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Transformer Module 1 PROBLEMS

The document discusses the working principles of transformers and provides equations for induced electromotive force (EMF), transformation ratio, power losses, and efficiency. It also presents four example problems involving calculating induced EMF, total magnetic flux, current transformation ratios, and determining the number of secondary winding turns.

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Jherome
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
279 views

Transformer Module 1 PROBLEMS

The document discusses the working principles of transformers and provides equations for induced electromotive force (EMF), transformation ratio, power losses, and efficiency. It also presents four example problems involving calculating induced EMF, total magnetic flux, current transformation ratios, and determining the number of secondary winding turns.

Uploaded by

Jherome
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Working Of Transformer

 The main principle of operation of a transformer is


mutual inductance between two circuits which is linked
by a common magnetic flux.
 A basic transformer consists of two coils that are
electrically separate and inductive, but are magnetically
linked through a path of reluctance.
Computation and Problem Solving
INDUCED EMF EQUATION
E = 4.44 Nfɸm
E = rms voltage induced ( volt )
N = number of winding turns
F = frequency of the flux ( Hertz )
ɸ = peak value of the flux ( weber )
Note: 1 weber = 1 𝑥 108 maxwells
ɸ = βA
Transformation Ratio
𝑉𝑝 𝑁𝑝 𝐼𝑠
a = = =
𝑉𝑠 𝑁𝑠 𝐼𝑝
Np/Ns = turns ratio
Vp/Vs = voltage ratio
Is/Ip = current ratio
Vp = voltage induced in the primary windings
Vs = voltage induced in the secondary windings
Note: A transformer is ideal if its core is loss less, has no
leakage of flux and has no copper losses.
Power Losses and Efficiency
𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡
ɲ=
𝑃𝑖𝑛

𝑃𝑖𝑛 = 𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 + 𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠

𝑃𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑉𝐼𝑝𝑓

𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑒𝑠 = 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 + 𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟

𝑃𝑐𝑢 = 𝐼 2 𝑅
Problem # 1
The net cross section of a transformer is 20 square meter.
The maximum flux density is 11 kilogausses. The frequency
is 60 hz. If there are 1000 turns in the primary, determine
the induced emf.
Problem # 2
Calculate the total magnetic flux in a 60cycle transformer
in which the induced emf per turn of the winding is equal
to 2 V.
Problem # 3
The low side of a certain welding transformer has 2 turns
and delivers 300 A. if the high voltage side has 30 turns,
how much current flows through it?
Problem # 4
A single-phase transformer is rated 4160 V primary and
250 V secondary. If has 1500 turns in the primary and a
voltage regulation of 8%. What should be the number of
turns in the secondary winding?

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