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Unit 4.1.1 Xy To Zeta Eta and Vice Versa

This document describes finding the coordinates (ξ, η) in a master quadrilateral element corresponding to a given point (x, y) in the element. It provides the shape functions for a 4-noded quadrilateral element and uses them to determine that the point (3.5, 1.96875) corresponds to coordinates (0.5, 0.25) in the master element. It then solves the inverse problem of finding the master element coordinates for a given real-space point.

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Nagamani Arumugam
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56 views3 pages

Unit 4.1.1 Xy To Zeta Eta and Vice Versa

This document describes finding the coordinates (ξ, η) in a master quadrilateral element corresponding to a given point (x, y) in the element. It provides the shape functions for a 4-noded quadrilateral element and uses them to determine that the point (3.5, 1.96875) corresponds to coordinates (0.5, 0.25) in the master element. It then solves the inverse problem of finding the master element coordinates for a given real-space point.

Uploaded by

Nagamani Arumugam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

16AE308 FEM UNIT – III

A 2-D 4-noded quadrilateral element is shown in figure 1. Find the ( x, y ) coordinate


corresponding to (ξ ,η ) of (0.5, 0.25) in the master element.

3 (7,6)

4 (-4,3)

(x,y)
(3.5, 1.96875)

1 (-3,-2)

2 (4,-4)

3 (-1,+1) 3 (+1,+1)

(0.5,0.251)
Master
element ξ

1 (-1,-1) 2 (+1,-1)

A. NAGAMANI DEPT. OF AERONAUTICAL ENGG 16AE308 FEM


SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

The interpolation functions or the shape functions are

1
N1 = (1 − ξ )(1 − η )
4
1
N 2 = (1 + ξ )(1 − η )
4
1
N 3 = (1 + ξ )(1 + η )
4
1
N 4 = (1 − ξ )(1 + η )
4

x = N1 x1 + N 2 x2 + N 3 x3 + N 4 x4
y = N1 y1 + N 2 y2 + N 3 y3 + N 4 y4

1 1 1 1
x= (1 − ξ )(1 − η ) x1 + (1 + ξ )(1 − η ) x2 + (1 + ξ )(1 + η ) x3 + (1 − ξ )(1 + η ) x4
4 4 4 4
1 1 1 1
y = (1 − ξ )(1 − η ) y1 + (1 + ξ )(1 − η ) y2 + (1 + ξ )(1 + η ) y3 + (1 − ξ )(1 + η ) y4
4 4 4 4

=
At ( ξ 0.5,
= η 0.25 )

4
=
N1 0.09375, =
N 2 0.28125, =
N 3 0.46875, =
N 4 0.15625 ⇒ ∑=
Ni 1
i =1

Substituting the values, we get x = 3.5 and y = 1.96875 .

For the ( x, y ) coordinate of (3.5, 1.96875) in the quadrilateral element, find the corresponding
(ξ ,η ) coordinate in the master element.
1 1 1 1
3.5 =(1 − ξ )(1 − η )( −3) + (1 + ξ )(1 − η )( 4 ) + (1 + ξ )(1 + η )( 7 ) + (1 − ξ )(1 + η )( −4 )
4 4 4 4
1 1 1 1
1.96875 = (1 − ξ )(1 − η )( −2 ) + (1 + ξ )(1 − η )( −4 ) + (1 + ξ )(1 + η )( 6 ) + (1 − ξ )(1 + η )( 3)
4 4 4 4

Simplifying, we get

( 3 + 3ξ + 3η − 3ξη )
14 =−
+ ( 4 + 4ξ − 4η − 4ξη )
+ ( 7 + 7ξ + 7η + 7ξη )
+ ( −4 + 4ξ − 4η + 4ξη ) ⇒ 14 =4 + 18ξ + 2η + 4ξη ........(1)

And

A. NAGAMANI DEPT. OF AERONAUTICAL ENGG 16AE308 FEM


SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

( 2 + 2ξ + 2η − 2ξη )
7.875 =−
+ ( −4 − 4ξ + 4η + 4ξη )
+ ( 6 + 6ξ + 6η + 6ξη )
+ ( 3 − 3ξ + 3η − 3ξη ) ⇒ 7.875 = 3 + ξ + 15η + 5ξη ........(2)

Rewriting (1) to find η ,

10 − 18ξ
4 18ξ + η ( 2 + 4ξ )
14 =+ ⇒ η= ..........(3)
2 + 4ξ
 10 − 18ξ   10 − 18ξ 
Substituting (3) in (2), 7.875 = 3 + ξ + 15   + 5ξ  
 2 + 4ξ   2 + 4ξ 
3 ( 2 + 4ξ ) + ξ ( 2 + 4ξ ) + 150 − 270ξ + 50ξ − 90ξ 2
7.875 =
( 2 + 4ξ )
15.75 + 31.5ξ =
6 + 12ξ + 2ξ + 4ξ 2 + 150 − 270ξ + 50ξ − 90ξ 2
Simplifying, we get 86ξ 2 + 237.5ξ − 140.25 =
0
ξ 0.5, −3.26.
Solving this quadratic equation, we get=
Since ξ = −3.26 is not possible, ξ =0.5.
Substituting ξ 0.5
= = in (3), we get η 0.25.

A. NAGAMANI DEPT. OF AERONAUTICAL ENGG 16AE308 FEM

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