Passive Voice / Causative Form i Passive Voice “The passive is formed with the appropriate tense ofthe verb to be + past participle, Present Perfect Contin Tote Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous are not normally used in the passive, Note that only transitive {verbs which take an object) can be put into the passive. Active Voice passive Voice Present Simple They restore buildings. Buildings are restored. Present Continuous They are restoring the building The building is being restored. Past Simple They restored the building. The building was restored Past Continuous ‘They were restoring the building. ‘The building was being restored. Future Simple They will restore the building The building will be restored. Present Perfect They have restored the building ‘The building has been restored. Past Perfect ‘They had restored the building. ‘The building had been restored. Future Perfect They will have restored the building. The building will have been restored. Present infinitive ‘They should restore the building. ‘The building should be restored. Perfect infinitive ‘They should have restored the building. The building should have been restored. ing form They like people restoring buildings. They ike buildings being restored. Perfect -ing form Having restored the building, The building, having been restored, .. Modal + be + p.p. ‘They must restore the building. The building must be restored. Note: Gets used in coloquial English instead of be to express something happening by accident. He'll get hurt if he plays like that. ul The passive is used «nen the person performing the action (agent) is unknown, unimportant or obvious from the context. The rooms have been searched thoroughly. (by the police - obvious agent) a to emphasise the agent. The maths lesson was taken by the English teacher yesterday. | ere are interested more Inthe action than the agent, such as in news reports, formal notices, instructi processes, headlines, advertisements etc. “Crocodiies have been set free.” o rotte etatements more formal or polite. The vase has been broken. (more polite than saying “You have the vase.”) oa Write sentences in the passive as in the examp| 1. (Her hait/dye/at the moment) ..Her hair is being dyed at the moment... 2 (The Queen/not drive/to the embassy/yet) eine - 3. (The Hay Wain/paint/Constable) ‘4 (Most olives/arow/the Mediterranean) 5 (The convict/take/to prison/now) 6 (His wound/not treat/yet) 7 (My car/break into/last night) 8 (The trees/prune/a tree surgeorvlast week) 9 (Reservations/can/make/by dialling 001 now) 40. (Our house/clean/weekly) 4 12 13 14 15 16 (He/bring up/his grandparents) {The book/not write/yet) {The building/demolish/by next year) [The new schooVopen/next week/the mayor) (Sally's shoes/re-heeV/ast Saturday) {The dustbins/empty/reoent!y) 90one OROK Tbwosaue Passive Voice / Causative Form Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form, Polar bears ...are hunted ... (hunt) for their fur. Alecture (give) in the main hall at the moment. After... sree (award) a medal for bravery, he became a local hero. Her ankle . ssn (hurt) when she fell down. She thinks her Caf... svsnne (Stal) By SOMEONE she knows, The apartment ... (sell) last week. Ihate ... Bie to) by my ends Nurses really OUght nn - (Pay) more than they are. The music must “(turn down) by 12 o'clock at the latest. Your free Gift anni (send) to you in the next few days. WISH Hn .- (teach) how to use a computer when | was t school. Human bones (find) by archaeologists yesterday. My car sone (F@pair) at the moment, s0 I can't give you a lft New York es (Say) tO be one of the most dangerous cities in the world. Hopefully, all forms of discrimination (wipe out) by the end of this century ‘The object of the active verb becomes the subject in the passive sentence. The active verb changes into a passive form and the subject of the active verb becomes the agent which is either introduced with “by” or is omitted. Ic cri saw tho apr talus, arpa otyloue Romi the corte or words ch 'Someone, people, |, etc. They will give more information soon. = More information will be given soon. "by them" ‘5 omitted) By + agent isused to say who or what did the action. She was knocked down by a lorry. With + instrument or material is used to say what the agent used. The policeman was stabbed with a knife. eros followed by a preposition (ook after, accuse of etc) take the preposition immediately after them when turned into the passive. She looks after her daughter well. Her daughter is looked after wel. For verbs which take two objects, it is more usual to begin the sentence with the person. “They gave her all the details. = She was given all the details. (more usual than: All the details were given to her.) ‘In passive questions with who, whom or which we do not omit by. Who offered her the job? = Who was she offered the job by? Make, hear, help, see are followed by ato: 2 in the passive. They saw him cross the street. = He was seen ‘fcr0ss the street. Note that hear, see, watch can be followed by a present participle in the active and passive. We heard him playing the guitar. = He was heard playing the guitar. ‘Change the sentences from the active into the passive. Omit the agent where it can be omitted. The British eat over thirty million hamburgers each year. «Over thirty milion hamburgers are eaten by the British each year. Who wrote "One Hundred Years of Solitude?” The bad weather has spoiled my holiday plans... Do they always pay their workers on time? The children picked the strawberries. .. She saw them go out. You should wash those walls before you paint them.3 Passive Voice / Causative Form Penguin have translated all her books into English. He objects to people telling him what to do. “Tesco are converting the old bank into a supermarket. ‘They told him not to say anything to her. Did they give you a reward for finding their cat? .. ‘The nurses take very good care of the patients. Everyone heard her shouting at the students. . Why have they given him a promotion? love people giving me presents. oe When we got to the theatre, they had sold all the tickets. - ‘The police have just arrested the man who broke into our house, What did he tell you to do? ... aera : Oxfam will hold a fashion show next week. ‘They are holding the next World Cup in France. When did they demolish that building? ‘The officers took the suspect in for questioning. .. Will they hand out free T-shirts at the concert? ‘ Does the school provide accommodation for all new teachers? .. Change the sentences from the passive into t 4. Why was James asked to leave the club? ..hy did they ask James to leave the club?.. They love being invited to parties. 3 si aan ‘The best cream cakes are made by Sayers. . By the end of the party, all the food had been eaten. ° Sanchez was beaten by Graff in the Women's Tennis Final My glasses must have been thrown away by mistake. ee ‘The building is being examined by Health and Safety experts this week. ~~ Wino was the television invented By? «nnn She was heard complaining about tne new timetable. . She was sent a telegram by the Queen on her 100th birthday. The English language is now spoken by over two billion people worldwide, . iy overdrat is being extended by the bank tomorrow. . Hundreds of free gifts are being given away by Donels this Saturday... Why haven't the beds been made yet? .. Tate being taken for granted. «nnn ’ ‘The tickets should have been booked weeks 890... ‘Anew shopping centre is being bult on the outskirts of town. ‘Why was I not told about the meeting? ..vnwromnnensn Further information can be obtained from your local post office. When will you be interviewed for the post? Fill in by or with. 1 This suit was designed ...by... Armani “Carmen” was composed 2 This cake is filed... fresh cream. , The coat was lined .. 3. Who was Australia discovered .... ‘The food will be provided .. 4 Ford cars are made .. experts. ‘The stew was flavoured ... . Bizet. fur. .. caterers. = garlic. B The baby was Covered ......- @ blanket. ‘The Royal Wedding was watched ....... million 92Passive Voice / Causative Form Change into the passive. ), Samuel Block apened a restaurant in the centre of Macclesfield. He had or over five year, but he only completed tater local businessmen raised ‘sum of money. A top hotelier has trained the waiters and they will wear ‘designed uniforms to fit in with the restaurant's modem look. They have famous chef from France and they are gong to ive him complete contol daily menu. The verbs believe, expect, feel, hope, know, report, say, think etc are used in the following passive patterns in personal and impersonal constructions. '* subject (person) + passive verb + to inf Doctors expect he will cover soon. (personal construction) He is expected to recover soon. + It+ passive verb + that-clause Itis expected that he will recover soon. (impersonal construction) ‘Turn the following into the passive as in the example: They say he is a millionaire. 6) They thi he his enced om ao He ...i3 said to be a millionaire. He . : It is said that he is a milionaire.. It They expect the plane will be landing soon, 7 They expect he'll pass his exams. pe Pia Sc 5 He ie Thay believe he was working illegally @ They say she lied to the police. He .. so She .. It tt They say he is feeling better. 9 They say they miss too many lessons. Be ts They .. tt er its It They thought he had been brave to do so, 410 They know she was always late for work He : " She... . tt it Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words. The teacher scolded Jim for not paying attention, was Jim ...Wvas scolded by the teacher... for not paying attention. Bb Peverts comes er nor her greiner was ‘She Most people think that broken homes cause a lot of social problems. thought It. “ An editor wil check the article. . her grandmother. 1. Gause a lot of social problems. be ‘The article an editor. The traffic warden will give you a ticket if you park there. be You : . if you park there. Alot of men enjoy football is Football... 7 The builder wil have finished the extension by July. been The © The teacher has given the students their homework. have The 1 a lot of men. ..- by July. their homeworkPassive Voice / Causative Form They are blaming Martin for the accident. is Martin ene a . They are going to preview the film tomorrow evening. is ‘The film sani ‘They will have settled the matter by this afternoon, been The matter so. ne si . by this afternoon a Look at the notes, then write a report using the passive. Yet again we experienced an earthquake last night. ww for the accident. tomorrow evening. ‘A remote area in northern Spain/shake/by an earthquake last night. Several vilages/totally destroy/and many people/leave/homeless. The total extent of the damage/stil not known/but luckily few casualties/ report as people/wam/of the danger earlier and many villages/evacuate. Victims of the earthquake now/ offer/shelter [in foca churches/where food and erink/provde, oO Rewrite the following text in the passive. | after 20 years of civil war, the Lebanese government is rebuilding Beirut. They will construct new offices ang | hotels. The authorities must also expand Belrut airport. Luckily, bombing did not destroy archaeological sites. | By the year 2000, bulcing companies will have completed most of the work. Labanon's new look wil tracy many tourists in the future. A few groups have already visited this Middle Eastern paradise. i Rewrite the following text in the passive. | The critics have greeted with enthusiasm “Turning Point”, Marvin Morton's new play. They regard it as his most mature work. Morton wrote it after he had studied people's behaviour for a considerable time. On the, | opening night the audience called Morton onto the stage and applauded him loudly. They are staging the play at the Apollo Theatre where they expect thousands of people to see it. Film companies have asked Morton to write a script for a film based on the play. We do not know yet whether Morton will seriously consider the proposal Look at the picture and the prompts and make sentences using the passive. You can also use your own ideas. sea/pollute - waste/dump/for years - companies! finellast year - action/take - new laws introduced/soon - protest marches/organised/ recently - people/ask not swim/at present - fishermen/advise/fish elsewhere - hope/problem solve/two years - volunteers/ask/help/cleah up. The sea has been polluted. etcPassive Voice / Causative Form Causative Form ert. a "+ We use have + object + past participle to say that we arrange for someone to do something for us. s He asked the mechanic to repair his car. He had his car repaired. (He didn’t do it himself - the mechanic did it) pon Present Simple She looks after her children. She has her children looked after. Present Continuous She is looking after her children, She is having her children looked after. "Past Simple She looked after her children, She had her children looked after. Past Continuous She was looking after her children. She was having her children looked atter. uture Simple She will look after her children. She will have her children looked after. Future Continuous She will be looking after her children. She will be having her children looked after. Present Perfect She has looked after her children. She has had her children looked after. ki _ Present Perf. Continuous. She has been looking after her children. She has been having her children looked after. Bs "Past Perfect She had looked after her children. She had had her children looked after. | Past Perf. Continuous She had been looking after her children. She had been having her children looked after. it ‘She can look after her children She can have her children looked after. a She likes looking after her children. She likes having her children looked after. "+ The verb to have, when used in the causative, forms its negations and questions with do/does (Present S.) and did (Past S). She doesn't have the flowers arranged. Did you have the clothes ironed? and Get can be used instead of have in the causative. Did you havelget your hair cut? tes, The causative can be used instead of the passive to express accidents or misfortunes. fact He had his cheek bruised in a fight. (= His cheek was bruised in a fight.) Read the situations, then write sentences using the causative form. 7 The optician is testing her eyes. What is she doing? «..She's having her eyes tested... 2 fhe doesn't drive more carefully, the police will take away his licence. What will happen to him? . This tne tomorow, an ari wl be painting her son's porta What will she be doing? 5 = Someone is cutting down the tree in our garden at the moment. What are we doing? ... They can vaccinate your children against smallpox. What can you do? She will hire someone to build @ shed for her. What will she do? Ke se The dentist is polishing Tom's teeth, What is Tom doing? The police are towing away his car. What is happening to him? ‘Someone dry-cleans his suits every month. What does he do? He has been paying a therapist to massage his back. What has he been doing? .. ‘i Sally gets a hairdresser to dye her hair every month. What does she do? SeDo you ask someone to type your essays? ...Da,you have your assay typed?. Her photographs haven't been developed yet. 5 2 She doesn't like asking people to do her shopping, Have you asked them 10 installa burglar alarm for you? {didn’t use to employ someone to do the housework for me. .~ ‘The doctor examined her wound. . 2 He ian't going to take his glasses to be adjusted today. Dial the detective order the constable to follow the suspect? « You should ask someone to collect your mail while you are away’ ~ wears sens Did the doctor set Gary's broken leg? : Wil she get someone to check her washing machine for her? .. Werre going to ask them to send us a copy of the contract, wx. Vise the chauffeur been driving Mary's kids to schoo! for years? Was his arm broken in a car crash? ‘ How many times has the plumber fixed John’s tap this year’ « Make/nave + object + bare infinitive are used to express that someone causes someone else to something, but their meaning is slightly diferent. Fe made Liz send a fax. (He insisted that Liz should send a fax.) He had Liz send a fax. (He asked Liz to send a fax.) oe ee ects to inf i used to show that someone persuades someon ise 19 do something, at ie husband to cut the ess. (he persuaded her husband fo cut the grass) Rephrase the following using have, make or get as in the example. He insistod that Pete left immediately. ..He made Peter leave immediately. Janet persuaded Diane to drive her to the airport z My car radio is being fitted by Gary today. She asked her sister to translate the article. [finaly persuaded the landlord to change the IOCKS. a My mother insisted that | should wear a dress to the wedding [il ask John to pick me up at the station. i ca ‘Sue persuaded her colleagues to change thelr minds. ... {can't believe he asked me to return the cheque. He insisted that they should stay at home. —— Ti try to persuade him to give you the money he owes YOu. ~~~ “The receptionist asked her to wait outside his office. The doctor insisted that she should go to hospital He asked the porter to camry hs luggage. 1 2 a] 4 5 6 a 8 9. Shes going to ask them to rewrite the assignment. 10 "1 12 13 14 Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words. 14 They arranged for medical supplies to be flown into the region. had ‘They ..had medical supplies flown... into the region. 2 Ashark bit Tony's leg off. got TonyPassive Voice / Causative Formlg A lawyer will have to sign this document for you. have You .. Why did you insist that | buy this horrible cheese? make Why on She pays someone to clean the cleaned She The labourers were forced fo work seven days a weel made THEY on Someone will probably mug you if you walk through that part of town, get YOU aan so if you walk through that part of town, They will take away your licence if they catch you driving that way. have You . away if they catch you driving that way. She arranged for her neighbour to walk her dog while he was away. had She Please don’t insist that | cook dinner tonight. make Please .. Someone stole their car while they were asleep. had They Her nose was broken in the accident. got She... sntnnnnnnannnnmsnnnnsssnnne HME BOCIEN. Did you insist they rewrite the composition? make Did . She hited someone to make new curtains for her house. had She He got someone at the garage to adjust adjusted He . this document signed by a lawyer. .. this horrible cheese? \dows every month. every month. seven days a week. by her neighbour while she was away. 1 dinner tonight. while they were asleep. the composition? 0 do .. for her house, .. at the garage. Oral Development 10 Architects are looking at plans for a luxurious hotel for Smithson International. In pairs ‘comment on the jobs that have already been done, are being done, will be done, or will have been done, then make sentences using the causative. You can use your own ideas. 10 June Things done: decorate VIP suites, build staff accommodation block, paint reception area Things being done: build swimming pool, decorate dining room, furnish lounge, paint rooms Things to be done: landscape gardens, build ccar park Things that will have been done by the end of ext month: install phones, fit bathrooms, equip sports centre(J) Passive Voice / Causative Form Dp Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words. 1. Fire has completely destroyed the left wing of the house. been The lett wing of the house ...has been completely destroyed by... fire 2. Under no circumstances must you remove books from the library, removed Under no circumstances .. from the library Ie stl possible to find copies of ther album at selected music stores, found Copies of their albUM en nssiininnsnene at Selected music store Don't you object to people asking you for favours al the time? being Don't you object to as all the ti “The teacher insisted that all latecomers remain behind atthe end ofthe class made The teacher nnn om ss at the end of the cla I don't appreciate people not paying me on time. being I don't appreciate .. ae ee mss OF You have to wear safety helmets at all times. worn Safety helmets = i at all ti ‘These remains are believed to date back to the Bronze Age. these Wess si 2 back to the Bronze Why did they make the decision without consuiting me? made Why a suse Without their consulting me! ‘Anne persuaded her brother to lend her the money. got ‘Anne EUR ERRORS | her the mor ‘John has invited me to his birthday party have ' John's birthday pay Id better get a mechanic to look over the car before we set off for Spain. looked ‘I'd better Jnsnvene BOFOFE We Set off for S We have not yet finalised detals for the wedding. been Details Aren't you going to ask someone to repair the roof before winter sets in? have Aren't you ‘The office now handles al transactions on computer. handled All transactions . a Use the words in capitals to form a word that fits in the space in the same lin Each year of (0) ...marriage... is associated with a certain anniversary gift. A couple's first anniversary Is (1 known as their paper anniversary, The reason why paper was chosen is unclear, but there are a number of traditions associated with this (2) One thing the couple do on their first anniversary is to eat a piece of their (8)... Wedding cake. This piece has usually been (4) ‘after the reception and saved for the ‘occasion. In this way, they remember their wedding vows and the choice they have made to spend the rest of their lives together. ‘Another tradition is for the couple to exchange paper gifts. A \writing set, for instance, would be a suitable gift. What the paper ismeant to (5) nue 18 hard to say, but it may be a ‘SYMBOL, (6) veverenssssn that the couple have made a formal legal REMIND Wiss 3 AGREE Clocks and (6) ux. watches are also associated with SPECIAL first wedding anniversaries, but again itis uncertain why. Jres ne? me nes Age ne? ney, arty ain ing in? ster Consolidation 6) the correct particle( Phrasal Verbs with: keep company with | 1 Go...over.. the rules of the game once more. 90 in front 2 Yougo . and we'll follow close behind. K on: break a promise, agreement, etc | ==. I've dacided to go the teaching job. with: become ill 4 The bomb will go . in two minutes. or: 1) attack, 2) apply for 5 Sheis so beautiful she is going . a beauty for: enter a competition contest. 41) explode, 2) (of food) go bad 6 He stayed in bed after going the flu 1) be extinguished, 2) mix socially 7 My father disapproves of the people | go 71) examine details, 2) repeat 8 Bring some wood; the fire is going bbe enough for everyone to have a share 9 You should never go a promise. = 10. There weren't enough sandwiches to go .. back: 1) hesitate, 2) control, 3) keep a secret 11 She Went sn him with a knife jon: wait 42 The bank has been held ........ twice this year. fout: 1) endure, 2) last | 13 Hold a minute while | get my jacket. jup: 1) delay, 2) rab (sb or sth) 44 Willthe car hold... until we get to a garage? —— 15 The roadworks held the trafic. 16 Don't hold , tell me everything. 17 | was upset and unable to hold... . my Look at Appendix 1, then fill in the correct preposition. has absolutely no taste ...in... clothes. 13 Don't you have any pity .... the poor man? He succeeded ....... upsetting al his trends, 14. Don't iterfer@ anne thelt Papers ink Was a Bt MER anne Paula yesterday. 18 I've been longing wow..n.x 80Me Peace and quiet. you having trouble your car? 16 The detective Went smn Search the gt many people have such a talent acting stolen painting {s Very Sensitive «nme the needs of others, 17 The flat smells paint. This ticket is valid - two days only. 48 This ice-cream tastes os. almonds. 00k pity the beggar and gave him it. 19 It's important to make good use . your is completely unaware .. the trouble ___ ditionary. has cased. 20. She's not used .. being spoken to like that. iiren should be wamed ... the dangers 21. This voucher is valid .» all Smiths stores, of drugs. 22. Don't WOM «nn» Garfield. He'll be OK government feels uneasy ..the current 23. I'm not worthy... . such an honour. colitical situation: 24 The children were throwing stones IS NO SOlUtION .nn.nee YOUF problem, window. wa the Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words. He had no right to treat me so rudely. have He ...shouldn't have treated me... so rudely. The conference took place in a large hotel. held The COMFEFENCE rninnevnnn He has a good relationship with his parents. gets He ... He missed the end of the film because he fell asleep, due He missed the end of the film. |'m sure the suspect is telling lies. be The lies. People believe she lives in New York. believed She In New York. efConsolidation Ga For questions 1 - 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits space. Developing countries ‘There are (0) ..B... 140 countries which are known 35 ‘developing’, Jess developed and poor countries. ‘Athough there are great (1). between them they de nave & number of @) in common. For instance, many of the developing ‘countries oe wert A few (2). to this rule are Saud Arabia, Kuwee and Libya. However, because the economies of these three ‘countries (4) Le aely on one export oll they are stil vulnerable 1 tne world ~~ fargel oat ofthe developing countries stil have very litle IndustY. Farming is often the only way in which the country can make Ten yn werse, many of the countries only produce enough fore 0 keep wien populations alive. India is @ classic example of tis, £% 10 ther Ow" percent of ts 870 milion people work the lan fora Iving ‘Another feature which (6) less developed counties is ife expectinry, People die younger in developing ercntries because of the poverty in which they live, The Poor have inadequate diets (7) ... to developed countries, and healthcare is also more (8). to be inferior. mostly (8) roughly partly evenly changes disagreements differences varieties features sides faces signs separations B exceptions differences changes decide insist lean depend Most More Quite Even fastens connects attaches combines balanced ‘compared matched weighed likely probable possible definite oavaaeen2eoConsolidation [J Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use two to five words, ® I'll pack some sandwiches for the picnic, We may be hungry later. case I'l pack some sandwiches for the picnic... case We get hungry. later 7 Mary is very surprised she passed her driving test. thought Mary never .. SRE . her driving test. 2 get up early so that I can avoid the watt. order get up early - the traffic + The manager made all the staff work overtime. obliged ~All the staff eres overtime. er # Someone wil have to replace this broken window. es have This broken windOW rere. — si svete FOBIBCEM, nd © Allthe children liked their new French teacher 4) Popular The new French teacher .. all the children, id © You should learn to cook now. ry. time a to cook 7 There probably won't be any rain today, : UNlIKelY HIS rornoaernone .- any rain today, ; © Iwas easy for my team to win the match, n0 difficulty My team the match, 0. I The Triathion A Triathlon consists of three sports - swimming, (0) ...cycling... and running. in the Olympics, the event CYCLE is usually made up of a 1,500m swim, @ 40km bike ride and a 10km run. Elsewhere, a ————— of other events are held to VARY test the (2). of athietes. FIT The first modem race was held in Califomia as Fecently as 1974. The San Diego Track Club were the (3) . of the first event ORGANISE # and the distances were slightly (4) . ‘SHORT than those in today's Olympics. The first time the Triathlon put in an (8) uo APPEAR at the Olympics was in the 2000 Sydney Games, What made (6) nee was the grand setting [AIMEMORYE of the Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge. London is currently making (7). . PREPARE for a similar event in the 2012 Olympics. The majorty of people participating will be (8). ‘ PROFESSION athletes, but amateurs can also take part,Part 1 | For questions 1 - 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Does the moon affect your behaviour? For thousands of years, the moon has captured our (0) ..C... . Although it can be seen during the day, it Is (1) ‘associated with things that come out after dark, like ‘werewolves and witches. For thousands of years, the moon has been considered to have ‘magical (2)... and itis still a symbol of the supernatural. Despite moon-landings in the second haif of the 20th century, the idea that the moon (8) soon UF minds and bodies remains (4)... . A number of studies have reported more murders at full moon, more bleeding during surgery, a greater number of accidents and suicides, and more disturbed (6)... In psychiatric hospitals. This apparent lunar influence has been called the ‘Transylvania Effect’ In fact, the word lunacy itself promotes this belief. However, Ivan Kelly of the University of Saskatchewan and James Rotton of Florida international University have put (©) wm their belief that the ‘Transylvania Effect’ does not actually exist at all Furthermore, they (7) “Transylvania Effect’ theories, saying they were scientifically incorrect. Kelly claims moon moods are probably (8) .... by psychological factors. “if you believe the moon affects you, you alter your behaviour accordingly. There is no ‘magic involved at all.” 0 A breath B thoughts (€)imagination _D._minds 1 A better B best © more D mostly 2 A talents B gifts © powers D strengths . 3A affects B concerns changes D alters 4A contemporary B popular © famous D fashionable 5 A manners B ways © actions D behaviour 6 Aon B away © forward Dup 7 A sacked B rejected © dropped D refused A resulted B led © caused DPractice Test 3 For questions 9 - 16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. | Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Tue sue of Wieurr ‘The Isle of Wight is a small island just (0) ..off.. the south coast of England near the towns of Portsmouth and Southampton. Cusen Victoria loved the isl@Nd (8) ee nenmae MUCh that she had Osbome House pulithere, which has not changed at al since the days when she (10)... US to visit with her huge family. (1)... ~~» tourist attractions include Butterfly World, where, (12) . : iPehame suggests, visitors can see a large range of butterflies, and two 2008, carey it is usually warm and sunny — (13) sn... for holidaymakers to enjoy the miles of clean beaches. Alternatively, for those (14) svrivanen WANE t0 be outdoors but don't like Surpathing, the Isle of Wight is an excellent place for cyclists. There are numorue line patrs which lead to picturesque vilages all over the island. Newpor., the ‘land's ceptar Feataar ray ans VB isa busy itle town wit lots of shops, Douteuee, restaurants and cafés. At the beginning of August, the island hosts the world’s most famous yachting event, which takes (16)... at Cowes. During Cowes Week, as itis known, every restaurant on the island is packed with peopie,Practice Test El Part 3 For questions 17 - 24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of come of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an ‘example at the beginning (0). ie There are people who spend years suffering from an (0)..jliness.... which doctors are not usually 7). . .. towards. Hypochondria is a (18). ‘term which describes an abnormal amount of worry about your health when there is nothing (A) scree wrong. Sufferers regularly visit their doctors with (20) «nnn ‘about serious symptoms which doctors cannot explain. Hypochondriacs are always (24) wenn @DOUt their health and often imagine that they are suffering from dangerous or incurable diseases. They waste doctors’ time \when they are really perfectly healthy. ‘The difference between hypachondriacs and patients is that they cannot be (22) enn . They continue to think there is something wrong with them. However, according to some doctors, this reaction should not be dismissed as all in their heads. Often, the pain is real and requires real (23) . ‘even when the illness is imaginary. For instance, (24) techniques ‘and psychotherapy can help.[ee For questions 25 - 30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words including the word given. There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘They worked hard on the project. effort They ..puta lot of effort... into the project. It wasn't necessary for Ann to tie up the dog. tied ADM sree You can try all you want, but you'll never convince me to help you. matter You'll never convince me to help you, .. — I do not run as fast as | did when I was younger. used | don't really want to get up so early in the morning. prefer ' . up $0 early in the morning. Although it was raining, we still went swimming. of In z enone A we still went swimming She will probably get the job. likely She =