Minitab

Ramar Bose (PhD)

Research Scholar, Anna University
Introduction Minitab
• Explore data with graphs

• Conduct statistical analyses

• Assess quality

• Design an experiment
Projects and worksheets
Projects contain one or more worksheets. Worksheet (.MTW) files store the following items:
Project (.MPJ) files store the following items:

• Worksheets • Columns of data

• Graphs • Constants

• Session window output • Matrices

• Session command history • Models for response variables

• Dialog box settings • Design objects

• Window layout • Column descriptions

• Options • Worksheet descriptions

Open and examine a worksheet

Worksheet (.MTW) files store the following items

Data types

Numeric data
Text data
Date/time data
Graphing Data
Minitab graphs include the following features:

 Pictorial galleries to help you choose a graph type

 Flexibility in customizing graphs
 Graph elements that you can change
 Option to be automatically updated
 A histogram is an accurate representation of the
Explore the data distribution of numerical data. It is an estimate of the
probability distribution of a continuous variable and was
Create a paneled histogram first introduced by Karl Pearson

1. If not, open the sample data set,

ShippingData.MTW.

2. Choose Graph > Histogram

3. Choose With Fit, and then click OK

4. In Graph variables, enter Days.

5. Click Multiple Graphs, and then click the By

Variables tab.

6. In By variables with groups in separate panels,

enter Center

7. Click OK in each dialog box.

Interpret the results
Rearrange the paneled histogram

1. Right-click the histogram, and then choose Panel.

2. On the Arrangement tab, in Rows and Columns, select
Custom. In Rows, enter 3. In Columns, enter 1.
3. Click OK.

The mean delivery times for each shipping center are

different:
• Central: 3.984 days
• Eastern: 4.452 days
• Western: 2.981 days
Edit the title and add a footnote
Relationships Between Two Variables

Create a scatterplot with groups

1. Choose Assistant > Graphical Analysis.
2. Under Graph relationships between
variables, click Scatterplot (groups).
3. In Y column, enter Days.
4. In X column, enter Distance.
5. In Number of X columns, choose 1
6. In X1, enter Center
7. Click OK.
Summary report
Diagnostic report
Descriptive statistics report

Report card
Arrange multiple graphs on one page
Create a graph layout
1. Ensure that the scatterplot summary report
is active, and then choose Editor > Layout
Tool.
2. To arrange two graphs on one page, in
Rows, enter 1
3. Click the summary report and drag it to the
right side of the layout.
4. Click the right arrow button to place the
paneled histogram in the left side of the
layout.
5. Click Finish.
Save a Minitab project

1. Choose File > Save Project As

2. Browse to the folder that you want to save your files in.

3. In File name, enter First_Project.

4. Click Save.
Analyzing Data
 Descriptive statistics are brief descriptive coefficients that
summarize a given data set, which can be either a
representation of the entire population or a sample of

Display descriptive statistics it. Descriptive statistics are broken down into measures of
central tendency and measures of variability, or spread.

1. Open the sample data, ShippingData.MTW.

2. Choose Stat > Basic Statistics > Display Descriptive
Statistics.
3. In Variables, enter Days.
4. In By variables (optional), enter Center Status.
5. Click Statistics.
6. Uncheck First quartile, Median, Third quartile, N
nonmissing, and N missing
7. Check N total.
8. Click OK in each dialog box
Perform an ANOVA
1. Choose Stat > ANOVA > One-Way.
2. Choose Response data are in one column for all
factor levels.
3. In Response, enter Days. In Factor, enter Center.
4. Click Comparisons.
5. Under Comparison procedures assuming equal
variances, check Tukey.
6. Click OK.
7. Click Graphs.
8. Under Data plots, check Interval plot, Individual
value plot, and Boxplot of data.
9. Under Residual plots, choose Four in one.
10. Click OK in each dialog box.
ANOVA graphs

One-way ANOVA: Days versus Center

Assessing Quality
You can customize Minitab's control charts in the following ways:

 Automatically update the chart after you add or change data.

 Choose how to estimate parameters and control limits.
 Display tests for special causes and historical stages.
 Customize the chart, such as adding a reference line, changing the scale, and
modifying titles.
Assess process stability
Create an Xbar-S chart
1. Open the sample data, Quality.MTW.
2. Choose Stat > Control Charts > Variables Charts for
Subgroups > Xbar-S.
3. Choose All observations for a chart are in one column,
then enter Days.
4. In Subgroup sizes, enter Date
5. Click OK
Add stages to the control chart
1. Press Ctrl+E to open the last dialog box, or choose
Stat > Control Charts > Variables Charts for
Subgroups > Xbar-S
2. Click Xbar-S Options.
3. On the Stages tab, in Define stages (historical groups)
with this variable, enter Date.
4. Under When to start a new stage, select With the first
occurrence of these values, and enter 3/15/2013.
5. Click OK in each dialog box.
Add more data and update the control chart

1. Click the worksheet to make it active.

2. Click any cell in C1, and then press End to go to the
bottom of the worksheet.
3. To add the date, 3/24/2013, to rows 201–210:
1. Enter 3/24/2013 in row 201 in C1.
4. Add the following data to C2, starting in row 201: 3.60
2.40 2.80 3.21 2.40 2.75 2.79 3.40 2.58 2.50
5. Verify that you entered the data correctly.
Update the control chart Right-click the Xbar-S chart, then choose Update Graph
Now.
Change the x-axis labels to dates
1. Double-click the x-axis on the Xbar chart (the top
chart).
2. On the Time tab, under Time Scale, select Stamp.
In Stamp columns (1-3, innermost first), enter
Date.
3. Click OK.
4. Repeat for the x-axis on the S chart.
Perform a capability analysis
1. Choose Stat > Quality Tools > Capability Analysis > Normal.
2. Under Data are arranged as, select Single column. Enter Days.
3. In Subgroup size, enter Date.
4. In Upper spec, enter 6.
5. Click OK.
Designing an Experiment
DOE commands include the following features:
 Catalogs of designed experiments to help you create a design

 Automatic creation and storage of your design after you specify its properties

 Display and storage of diagnostic statistics to help you interpret the results

 Graphs to help you interpret and present the results

Create a designed experiment
Select a design
1. Choose File > New > Project.
2. Choose Stat > DOE > Factorial > Create
Factorial Design
3. Click Display Available Designs
4. Click OK to return to the main dialog box.
5. Under Type of Design, select 2-level factorial
(default generators).
6. From Number of factors, select 2.
7. Click Designs
8. From Number of replicates for corner points,
select 3.
9. Click OK to return to the main dialog box. All
the buttons are now enabled.
Enter the factor names and set the factor levels
Randomize and store the design
1. Click Options.
2. In Base for random data generator, enter 9.
3. Verify that Store design in worksheet is selected.
4. Click OK in each dialog box.
View the design
Enter data into the worksheet
1. In the worksheet, click the column name cell of C7 and
enter Hours.
2. In the Hours column, enter the data as shown below.

14.72 9.62 13.81 7.97 12.52 13.78 14.64 9.41 13.89 13.89
12.57 14.06
Analyze the design
Analyze the design
Minitab enables the DOE > Factorial menu commands, Analyze Factorial
Design and Factorial Plots. In this example, you fit the model first.

1. Choose Stat > DOE > Factorial > Analyze Factorial Design.
2. In Responses, enter Hours
3. Click Terms. Verify that A:OrderSystem, B:Pack, and AB are
in the Selected Terms box.
4. Click OK.
5. Click Graphs.
6. Under Effects Plots, select Pareto and Normal.
7. Click OK in each dialog box
Identify important effects
Identify important effects
Interpret the effects plots
The normal probability plot Window > Effects Plot for Hours
The Pareto chart, choose Window > Effects Pareto for Hours
Use the stored model for additional analyses
Create factorial plots
1. Choose Stat > DOE > Factorial > Factorial Plots.
2. Verify that the variables, OrderSystem and Pack,
are in the Selected box.
3. Click OK
Interpret the factorial plots
Predict the response
1. Choose Stat > DOE > Factorial > Predict.
2. Under OrderSystem, select New
3. Under Pack, select B
4. Click OK
Thank you.