Ejercicios Clase
Ejercicios Clase
Chapter 2.
1.1. Draw a component block diagram for each of the following
feedback control systems.
(a) The manual steering system of an automobile
(b) Drebbel’s incubator
(c) The water level controlled by a float and valve
(d) Watt’s steam engine with fly-ball governor
In each case, indicate the location of the elements listed below and
give the units associated with each signal.
• the process
• the process desired output signal
• the sensor
• the actuator
• the actuator output signal
• the controller
• the controller output signal
• the reference signal
• the error signal
Notice that in a number of cases the same physical device may
perform more than one of these functions.
1.7 Feedback control requires being able to sense the variable being
controlled. Because electrical signals can be transmitted, amplified,
and processed easily, often we want to have a sensor whose output is
a voltage or current proportional to the variable being measured.
Describe a sensor that would give an electrical output proportional
to:
(a) temperature
(b) pressure
(c) liquid level
(d) flow of liquid along a pipe (or blood along an artery) force
(e) linear position
(f) rotational position
(g) linear velocity
(h) rotational speed
(i) translational acceleration
(j) torque
1.8 Each of the variables listed in Problem 1.7 can be brought under
feedback control. Describe an actuator that could accept an electrical
input and be used to control the variables listed. Give the units of the
actuator output signal.
Solució n
1.1
Salida
a)
Entrada Controlador
Carro
feedforward
Controlador GA-
FUZZY
Visió n del
conductor
b)
actuador proceso calor
Entrada
switch Intensidad de
llamada
Sensor
Contenedor de
mercurio y alcohol
c) controlador
entrada flujo de agua
nivel del agua
Vá lvula Tanque
sensor
Float
Carga
d)
planta
entrada
Vá lvula de
Motor de vapor
vapor
Sensor
Fuerza
centrifuga
1.7 )
1.8 )