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Mechanics of Materials Lab (Me-205L) : Experiment # 9

This document provides instructions for Experiment #9 on determining the Rockwell hardness of materials using a Rockwell hardness tester. The experiment aims to find the Rockwell hardness value of a test specimen and report the findings. Students will perform the Rockwell hardness test on mild steel specimens using different indenters and loads and record the results in a table. They will then analyze their results and discuss lessons learned in a 2-page lab report.

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Mushaf Khalid
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43 views16 pages

Mechanics of Materials Lab (Me-205L) : Experiment # 9

This document provides instructions for Experiment #9 on determining the Rockwell hardness of materials using a Rockwell hardness tester. The experiment aims to find the Rockwell hardness value of a test specimen and report the findings. Students will perform the Rockwell hardness test on mild steel specimens using different indenters and loads and record the results in a table. They will then analyze their results and discuss lessons learned in a 2-page lab report.

Uploaded by

Mushaf Khalid
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MECHANICS OF

MATERIALS LAB (ME-205L)


EXPERIMENT # 9
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
HITEC UNIVERSITY, TAXILA
EXPERIMENT # 9

Rockwell Hardness
Test
LAB INSTRUCTORS

• Lecturer Muhammad Mahad Shah (Section A & B)


• Lecturer Hafiz Ahmad (Section C & D)
• Lab Attendant Mansoor Ahmad
AIMS & OBJECTIVES
• A IM
• To determine the Hardness value of a specified material using Rockwell Hardness Testing
Machine

• OBJECTIVES
• Find the Rockwell Hardness Value of the test specimen
• Present your findings in a Lab Report with table & discussion
HARDNESS
• Hardness is another measure of the ability of a material to be deformed.
• DEFINITION: Hardness is measure of resistance to localized plastic deformation mechanical
indentation of abrasion i.e. PROPERTY OF MATERIAL TO RESIST SURFACE DEFORMATION.

• There are many different tests for hardness, but all measure the resistance of a material to
indentation, applying a known force to a tool of defined radius which is very much harder
than the material being tested.
• Empirical hardness numbers are calculated from measurements of the dimensions of the
indentation.

• Different types of Indentation Hardness Tests: Rockwell, Brinell,Vickers, Knoop


ROCKWELL HARDNESS TEST

• The test specimen is indented by and indenter (diamond cone or steel ball). A small
load is applied, the apparatus is zeroed, and then a larger load is applied and
removed. After a short time with the preload still applied, the remaining indentation
is read from the scale.
ROCKWELL HARDNESS TEST (CONTD.)
ROCKWELL HARDNESS TEST (CONTD.)

• Advantages of Rockwell Hardness Test:


• Speed (can be conducted quickly)
• Small Area of Indentation (non-destructive test)
• Hardness Value directly readable from Scale (no special optical instrument required)
• Reliable

• Indenters used:
• Diamond Cone: Used for harder materials (case-hardened steel and alloys)
• Steel Ball: Used for softer materials (e.g Aluminium, Copper etc.)
ROCKWELL HARDNESS SCALE

• Three Scales mostlyused:


• HRA: Used for hard materials, usually carbides (e.g Tungsten Carbide)
• HRB: Used for soft materials (e.g Aluminium)
• HRC: Used for hard materials (e.g hardened steel)

•Other Scales: HRD, HRE, HRF, HRK etc.


https://www.bergeng.com/mm5/downloads/hardness/rockwell_application_guide.pdf
EXPERIMENT - SETUP

• APPARATUS: Rockwell Hardness Tester,Test Specimen, Indenter,Weights

• Rockwell Hardness Tester


EXPERIMENT - PROCEDURE
1. Put a specimen on test anvil, and make it steady to the anvil relatively.
2. Revolve the manual wheel and make specimen to meet indenter until primary test load is loaded
on the specimen.
3. At this time, short hand should point at red position as long hand point at B & C position (See
Figure 2).

4. Adjust the dial indicator and keep long hand to pointing at B & C position.
5. Move forward the operating wrench and load total test load on the specimen.
6. Unload main test load by moving backward of the wrench after 10 seconds of the stop of the long
hand.

7. The keeping time for specimen with higher hardness can be shortened and vice versa.
8. Read out the hardness result value from dial indicator, diamond indenter adopts A/C scale, steel
ball indenter adopts B scale.
EXPERIMENT – TABLE & DATA

• Please watch the Performance Video before filling the empty spaces in the table.

Hardness
Initial Load Test Load Scale
Indenter Value
S.No. Material
Type
N N HR A/B/C

1 98.1 54 C

2 Mild Steel 98.1 70 A


LAB REPORT

• The lab report should include the following:


• Filled Table
• Discussion
• Learning experience from the experiment
• Commentary on the behavior of the specimen undergoing Rockwell Hardness Test
• Comments on the Rockwell Hardness Scale and Test
ATTENTION!
• Please go through the Lecture Videos and Slides provided.
• Lab Reports can be made and submitted in the form of lab groups.
• The Lab Report should be of 2 pages:
• 1 Page for Table
• 1 Page forDiscussion

• The Lab Report can be typed or hand-written:


• The graph can be hand-drawn or made in software.
• Hand-written report must be neat, legible and well-scanned.
• For typed report, the font size should be 12 (14 for Headings).

• Your lab report must include a Title Page.


• The lab report should be submitted as a PDF.
ADDITIONAL

• Disadvantages of Rockwell Hardness Test


• With increasing hardness, it becomes difficult to distinguish between different materials
• Worn-out indenter will give inaccurate results
• Not the most accurate hardness test
CONCLUSION

• Thank you!

• Any Questions?

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