Online crime reporting system

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Developing an online comprehensive CRIME REPORTING system to engage public,

NGOs, police and government agencies to be more quick, proactive and responsive to
fight with crime and criminals.

1.2PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT:

 Crime Reporting forms, progress tracking, proof attachments. On form submission
an SMS goes to regional police officer in case if its serious category crime where
quick attention is required.
 Facilitate crime and criminals search – region, crime-type, gender, age group wise
etc.
 Missing citizen or valuables reporting and search Recognition of citizen and other
users’ contribution in solving criminal issues.
 Secure registration and profile management facilities for detectives and security
agencies
 Facilitate communication between all stakeholders – Discussion forum/chat/
mail/polls.
Help book & time-to-time instructions to users through mail/sms
Strategic data and graphs for admin and police authority

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

 The aim of this project is to develop on line crime reporting and management system
which is equally accessible to the public, the police department and to the
administrative department

1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

 To provide maximum services to the users.

 To reduce the errors and the paper work that occur in the manual system.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
1
 Online crime reporting system

2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS

2.1 PROBLEM ANALYSIS

The organization does and maintains all the data manually. It writes down the data
about the sales, stock, work status, expenditure, approvals and service engineer’s
details in the records. All this is a very tedious job requiring everything to be done
manually.

Crime reporting system addresses all these by automating many of the tasks of the
organization. It relieves the employees by letting them do all the tedious jobs
electronically.
 All the work is done manually.
 No use of web services and Remoting
 Should wait for the approvals till the file reaches from desk to desk.
 Risk of mismanagement and of data when the project is under development.
 Less security.

2.2 SOLUTION OF THESE PROBLEMS

The development of the new system contains the following activities, which try to
automate the entire process keeping in view of the database integration approach.
1. User friendliness is provided in the application with various controls.
2. The system makes the overall project management much easier and flexible.
3. There is no risk of data mismanagement at any level while the project development is
under process.
4. It provides high level of security with different level of authentication.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
2
 Online crime reporting system

2.3 EXISTING SYSTEM

The system has the disadvantages like Existing system is time

consuming, Corrections & maintenance should be done manually.
It needs more power , There may be mistakes while maintaining data manually

2.4 PROPOSED SYSTEM

 An online solution is very useful as the solution is inherently distributive.

 This distributive characteristic of the online solution helps in getting the different
police stations to share information & get in contact with one another.
 The reports filled online are checked at the administrative department to use if any
information is lacking or to check the status of the report.

2.5 REQUIREMENTS
2.5.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
Content Description
HDD 20 GB min
40 GB recommended
RAM 1 GB min
2 GB recommended
CPU Pentium IV
2.5.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Content Description
OS Windows XP with SP2
Language Ms-visual studio .Net 2005
Back end SQL server 2005

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
3
Online crime reporting system

3. MODULES
3.1 Administrator Module
3.2Users module
3.3Public Module
3.1 ADMINISTRATOR MODULE
The responsibility of the administrator is to centrally control the data, register the
employees and users to all the departments and shifting the employees from one department
to other if needed.
The administrator can also have the rights to change the questions like adding,
modifying, deleting the records from the database.
The administrator provides the login names and password for all the users department
wise.
The administrator is responsible to answer all the questions posted by users.
3.2 USER AND PUBLIC MODULE
Each department will have one or more department heads and users. The
major responsibility of department head or user is to reports any types of questions.
The Administrator can add, modify or remove questions from all the subjects
based on reports wise.
All the questions posted by the users will be added to the list of existing
questions only when the department employees answers that question, simultaneously
a copy of answer is sent to user who initiated that question.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
4
Online crime reporting system

4 INTRODUCTION TO .NET

The .NET Framework is a new computing platform that simplifies

application development in the highly distributed environment of the
Internet. The .NET Framework is designed to fulfill the following
objectives:

 To provide a consistent object-oriented programming environment whether object

code is stored and executed locally, executed locally but Internet-distributed, or
executed remotely.
 To provide a code-execution environment that minimizes software deployment
and versioning conflicts.
 To provide a code-execution environment that guarantees safe execution of code,
including code created by an unknown or semi-trusted third party.
 To provide a code-execution environment that eliminates the performance
problems of scripted or interpreted environments.
 To make the developer experience consistent across widely varying types of
applications, such as Windows-based applications and Web-based applications.
 To build all communication on industry standards to ensure that code based on the
.NET Framework can integrate with any other code. The .NET Framework has two
main components: the common language runtime and the .NET Framework class
library. The common language runtime is the foundation of the .NET Framework.
You can think of the runtime as an agent that manages code at execution time,
providing core services such as memory management, thread management, and
remoting, while also enforcing strict type safety and other forms of code accuracy
that ensure security and robustness. In fact, the concept of code management is a
fundamental principle of the runtime. Code that targets the runtime is known as
managed code, while code that does not target the runtime is known as unmanaged
code. The class library, the other main component of the .NET Framework, is a
comprehensive, object-oriented collection of reusable types that you can use to
develop applications ranging from traditional command-line or graphical user
interface (GUI) applications to applications based on the latest innovations provided
by ASP.NET, such as Web Forms and XML Web services.
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
5
Online crime reporting system

The .NET Framework can be hosted by unmanaged components that load the
common language runtime into their processes and initiate the execution of managed
code, thereby creating a software environment that can exploit both managed and
unmanaged features. The .NET Framework not only provides several runtime hosts,
but also supports the development of third-party runtime hosts.
For example, ASP.NET hosts the runtime to provide a scalable, server-side
environment for managed code. ASP.NET works directly with the runtime to enable
Web Forms applications and XML Web services, both of which are discussed later in
this topic.
Internet Explorer is an example of an unmanaged application that hosts the
runtime (in the form of a MIME type extension). Using Internet Explorer to host the
runtime enables you to embed managed components or Windows Forms controls in
HTML documents. Hosting the runtime in this way makes managed mobile code
(similar to Microsoft® ActiveX® controls) possible, but with significant
improvements that only managed code can offer, such as semi-trusted execution and
secure isolated file storage.
The following illustration shows the relationship of the common language
runtime and the class library to your applications and to the overall system. The
illustration also shows how managed code operates within a larger architecture.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
6
Online crime reporting system

4.1 FEATURES OF THE COMMON LANGUAGE

RUNTIME
The common language runtime manages memory, thread execution, code execution,
code safety verification, compilation, and other system services. These features are
intrinsic to the managed code that runs on the common language runtime.
With regards to security, managed components are awarded varying degrees of trust,
depending on a number of factors that include their origin (such as the Internet,
enterprise network, or local computer). This means that a managed component might
or might not be able to perform file-access operations, registry-access operations, or
other sensitive functions, even if it is being used in the same active application.
The runtime enforces code access security. For example, users can trust that an
executable embedded in a Web page can play an animation on screen or sing a song,
but cannot access their personal data, file system, or network. The security features of
the runtime thus enable legitimate Internet-deployed software to be exceptionally
featuring rich.
The runtime also enforces code robustness by implementing a strict type- and code-
verification infrastructure called the common type system (CTS). The CTS ensures
that all managed code is self-describing. The various Microsoft and third-party
language compilers
Generate managed code that conforms to the CTS. This means that managed
code can consume other managed types and instances, while strictly enforcing type
fidelity and type safety.
In addition, the managed environment of the runtime eliminates many common
software issues. For example, the runtime automatically handles object layout and
manages references to objects, releasing them when they are no longer being used.
This automatic memory management resolves the two most common application
errors, memory leaks and invalid memory references.
The runtime also accelerates developer productivity. For example, programmers
can write applications in their development language of choice, yet take full
advantage of the runtime, the class library, and components written in other languages
by other developers. Any compiler vendor who chooses to target the runtime can do
so. Language compilers that target the .NET Framework make the features of the

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
7
Online crime reporting system

.NET Framework available to existing code written in that language, greatly easing
the migration process for existing applications.

While the runtime is designed for the software of the future, it also supports
software of today and yesterday. Interoperability between managed and unmanaged
code enables developers to continue to use necessary COM components and DLLs.
The runtime is designed to enhance performance. Although the common
language runtime provides many standard runtime services, managed code is never
interpreted. A feature called just-in-time (JIT) compiling enables all managed code to
run in the native machine language of the system on which it is executing.
Meanwhile, the memory manager removes the possibilities of fragmented memory
and increases memory locality-of-reference to further increase performance.
Finally, the runtime can be hosted by high-performance, server-side
applications, such as Microsoft® SQL Server™ and Internet Information Services
(IIS). This infrastructure enables you to use managed code to write your business
logic, while still enjoying the superior performance of the industry's best enterprise
servers that support runtime hosting.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
8
 Online crime reporting system

4.1.1 .NET FRAMEWORK CLASS LIBRARY

The .NET Framework class library is a collection of reusable types that tightly
integrate with the common language runtime. The class library is object oriented,
providing types from which your own managed code can derive functionality. This
not only makes the .NET Framework types easy to use, but also reduces the time
associated with learning new features of the .NET Framework. In addition, third-party
components can integrate seamlessly with classes in the .NET Framework.
For example, the .NET Framework collection classes implement a set of interfaces
that you can use to develop your own collection classes. Your collection classes will
blend seamlessly with the classes in the .NET Framework.
As you would expect from an object-oriented class library, the .NET Framework
types enable you to accomplish a range of common programming tasks, including
tasks such as string management, data collection, database connectivity, and file
access. In addition to these common tasks, the class library includes types that support
a variety of specialized development scenarios. For example, you can use the .NET
Framework to develop the following types of applications and services:
 Console applications.
 Scripted or hosted applications.
 Windows GUI applications (Windows Forms).
 ASP.NET applications.
 XML Web services.
 Windows services.
For example, the Windows Forms classes are a comprehensive set of reusable types
that vastly simplify Windows GUI development. If you write an ASP.NET Web Form
application, you can use the Web Forms classes.
4.1.2 CLIENT APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
Client applications are the closest to a traditional style of application in Windows-
based programming. These are the types of applications that display windows or
forms on the desktop, enabling a user to perform a task. Client applications include
applications such as word processors and spreadsheets, as well as custom business
applications such as data-entry tools, reporting tools, and so on. Client applications

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
9
Online crime reporting system

usually employ windows, menus, buttons, and other GUI elements, and they likely
access local resources such as the file system and peripherals such as printers.
Another kind of client application is the traditional ActiveX control (now
replaced by the managed Windows Forms control) deployed over the Internet as a
Web page. This application is much like other client applications: it is executed
natively, has access to local resources, and includes graphical elements.
In the past, developers created such applications using C/C++ in conjunction
with the Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC) or with a rapid application
development (RAD) environment such as Microsoft® Visual Basic®. The .NET
Framework incorporates aspects of these existing products into a single, consistent
development environment that drastically simplifies the development of client
applications.
The Windows Forms classes contained in the .NET Framework are designed to
be used for GUI development. You can easily create command windows, buttons,
menus, toolbars, and other screen elements with the flexibility necessary to
accommodate shifting business needs.
For example, the .NET Framework provides simple properties to adjust visual
attributes associated with forms. In some cases the underlying operating system does
not support changing these attributes directly, and in these cases the .NET Framework
automatically recreates the forms. This is one of many ways in which the .NET
Framework integrates the developer interface, making coding simpler and more
consistent.
Unlike ActiveX controls, Windows Forms controls have semi-trusted access to a
user's computer. This means that binary or natively executing code can access some
of the resources on the user's system (such as GUI elements and limited file access)
without being able to access or compromise other resources. Because of code access
security, many applications that once needed to be installed on a user's system can
now be safely deployed through the Web. Your applications can implement the
features of a local application while being deployed like a Web page.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
10
Online crime reporting system

4.2 ASP.NET
4.2.1 SERVER APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
Server-side applications in the managed world are implemented through runtime
hosts. Unmanaged applications host the common language runtime, which allows
your custom managed code to control the behavior of the server. This model provides
you with all the features of the common language runtime and class library while
gaining the performance and scalability of the host server.
The following illustration shows a basic network schema with managed code
running in different server environments. Servers such as IIS and SQL Server can
perform standard operations while your application logic executes through the
managed code.
4.2.2 SERVER-SIDE MANAGED CODE
ASP.NET is the hosting environment that enables developers to use the .NET
Framework to target Web-based applications. However, ASP.NET is more than just a
runtime host; it is a complete architecture for developing Web sites and Internet-
distributed objects using managed code. Both Web Forms and XML Web services use
IIS and ASP.NET as the publishing mechanism for applications, and both have a
collection of supporting classes in the .NET Framework.
XML Web services, an important evolution in Web-based technology, are
distributed, server-side application components similar to common Web sites.
However, unlike Web-based applications, XML Web services components have no UI
and are not targeted for browsers such as Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator.
Instead, XML Web services consist of reusable software components designed to be
consumed by other applications, such as traditional client applications, Web-based
applications, or even other XML Web services. As a result, XML Web services
technology is rapidly moving application development and deployment into the highly
distributed environment of the Internet.
If you have used earlier versions of ASP technology, you will immediately
notice the improvements that ASP.NET and Web Forms offers. For example, you can
develop Web Forms pages in any language that supports the .NET Framework. In
addition, your code no longer needs to share the same file with your HTTP text
(although it can continue to do so if you prefer). Web Forms pages execute in native
machine language because, like any other managed application, they take full
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
11
 Online crime reporting system

advantage of the runtime. In contrast, unmanaged ASP pages are always scripted and
interpreted. ASP.NET pages are faster, more functional, and easier to develop than
unmanaged ASP pages because they interact with the runtime like any managed
application.
The .NET Framework also provides a collection of classes and tools to aid in
development and consumption of XML Web services applications. XML Web
services are built on standards such as SOAP (a remote procedure-call protocol),
XML (an extensible data format), and WSDL (the Web Services Description
Language). The .NET Framework is built on these standards to promote
interoperability with non-Microsoft solutions.
For example, the Web Services Description Language tool included with
the .NET Framework SDK can query an XML Web service published on the Web,
parse its WSDL description, and produce C# or Visual Basic source code that your
application can use to become a client of the XML Web service. The source code can
create classes derived from classes in the class library that handle all the underlying
communication using SOAP and XML parsing. Although you can use the class
library to consume XML Web services directly, the Web Services Description
Language tool and the other tools contained in the SDK facilitate your development
efforts with the .NET Framework.
If you develop and publish your own XML Web service, the .NET Framework
provides a set of classes that conform to all the underlying communication standards,
such as SOAP, WSDL, and XML. Using those classes enables you to focus on the
logic of your service, without concerning yourself with the communications
infrastructure required by distributed software development.
Finally, like Web Forms pages in the managed environment, your XML Web
service will run with the speed of native machine language using the scalable
communication of IIS.
4.2.3ACTIVE SERVER PAGES.NET
ASP.NET is a programming framework built on the common language runtime that
can be used on a server to build powerful Web applications. ASP.NET offers several
important advantages over previous Web development models:
• Enhanced Performance. ASP.NET is compiled common language runtime code
running on the server. Unlike its interpreted predecessors, ASP.NET can take
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
12
 Online crime reporting system

advantage of early binding, just-in-time compilation, native optimization, and caching

services right out of the box. This amounts to dramatically better performance before
you ever write a line of code.
• World-Class Tool Support. The ASP.NET framework is complemented by a rich
toolbox and designer in the Visual Studio integrated development environment.
WYSIWYG editing, drag-and-drop server controls, and automatic deployment are
just a few of the features this powerful tool provides.
• Power and Flexibility. Because ASP.NET is based on the common language runtime,
the power and flexibility of that entire platform is available to Web application
developers. The .NET Framework class library, Messaging, and Data Access
solutions are all seamlessly accessible from the Web. ASP.NET is also language-
independent, so you can choose the language that best applies to your application or
partition your application across many languages . Further, common language runtime
interoperability guarantees that your existing investment in COM-based development
is preserved when migrating to ASP.NET.
• Simplicity. ASP.NET makes it easy to perform common tasks, from simple form
submission and client authentication to deployment and site configuration. For
example, the ASP.NET page framework allows you to build user interfaces that
cleanly separate application logic from presentation code and to handle events in a
simple, Visual Basic - like forms processing model. Additionally, the common
language runtime simplifies development, with managed code services such as
automatic reference counting and garbage collection.
• Manageability. ASP.NET employs a text-based, hierarchical configuration system,
which simplifies applying settings to your server environment and Web applications.
Because configuration information is stored as plain text, new settings may be applied
without the aid of local administration tools. This "zero local administration"
philosophy extends to deploying ASP.NET Framework applications as well. An
ASP.NET Framework application is deployed to a server simply by copying the
necessary files to the server. No server restart is required, even to deploy or replace
running compiled code.
• Scalability and Availability. ASP.NET has been designed with scalability in mind,
with features specifically tailored to improve performance in clustered and
multiprocessor environments. Further, processes are closely monitored and managed
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
13
 Online crime reporting system

by the ASP.NET runtime, so that if one misbehaves (leaks, deadlocks), a new process
can be created in its place, which helps keep your application constantly available to
handle requests.
• Customizability and Extensibility. ASP.NET delivers a well-factored architecture that
allows developers to "plug-in" their code at the appropriate level. In fact, it is possible
to extend or replace any subcomponent of the ASP.NET runtime with your own
custom-written component. Implementing custom authentication or state services has
never been easier.
• Security. With built in Windows authentication and per-application configuration, you
can be assured that your applications are secure.
4.2.3 LANGUAGE SUPPORT
The Microsoft .NET Platform currently offers built-in support for three
languages: C#, Visual Basic, and JS cript.
WHAT IS ASP.NET WEB FORMS?
The ASP.NET Web Forms page framework is a scalable common language runtime
programming model that can be used on the server to dynamically generate Web
pages.
Intended as a logical evolution of ASP (ASP.NET provides syntax compatibility with
existing pages), the ASP.NET Web Forms framework has been specifically designed
to address a number of key deficiencies in the previous model. In particular, it
provides:
 The ability to create and use reusable UI controls that can encapsulate
common functionality and thus reduce the amount of code that a page developer has
to write.
 The ability for developers to cleanly structure their page logic in an orderly
fashion (not "spaghetti code").
 The ability for development tools to provide strong WYSIWYG design
support for pages (existing ASP code is opaque to tools).

ASP.NET Web Forms pages are text files with an .aspx file name extension. They
can be deployed throughout an IIS virtual root directory tree. When a browser client
requests .aspx resources, the ASP.NET runtime parses and compiles the target file
into a .NET Framework class. This class can then be used to dynamically process
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
14
Online crime reporting system

incoming requests. (Note that the .aspx file is compiled only the first time it is
accessed; the compiled type instance is then reused across multiple requests).
An ASP.NET page can be created simply by taking an existing HTML file and
changing its file name extension to .aspx (no modification of code is required). For
example, the following sample demonstrates a simple HTML page that collects a
user's name and category preference and then performs a form post back to the
originating page when a button is clicked:
ASP.NET provides syntax compatibility with existing ASP pages. This
includes support for <% %> code render blocks that can be intermixed with HTML
content within an .aspx file. These code blocks execute in a top-down manner at page
render time.
CODE-BEHIND WEB FORMS
ASP.NET supports two methods of authoring dynamic pages. The first is the method
shown in the preceding samples, where the page code is physically declared within
the originating .aspx file. An alternative approach--known as the code-behind
method--enables the page code to be more cleanly separated from the HTML content
into an entirely separate file.
INTRODUCTION TO ASP.NET SERVER CONTROLS
In addition to (or instead of) using <% %> code blocks to program dynamic content,
ASP.NET page developers can use ASP.NET server controls to program Web pages.
Server controls are declared within an .aspx file using custom tags or intrinsic HTML
tags that contain a runat="server" attributes value. Intrinsic HTML tags are handled
by one of the controls in the System.Web.UI.HtmlControls namespace. Any tag that
doesn't explicitly map to one of the controls is assigned the type of
System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlGenericControl.
Server controls automatically maintain any client-entered values between round trips
to the server. This control state is not stored on the server (it is instead stored within
an <input type="hidden"> form field that is round-tripped between requests). Note
also that no client-side script is required.
In addition to supporting standard HTML input controls, ASP.NET enables
developers to utilize richer custom controls on their pages. For example, the following
sample demonstrates how the <asp:adrotator> control can be used to dynamically
display rotating ads on a page.
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
15
 Online crime reporting system

1. ASP.NET Web Forms provide an easy and powerful way to build dynamic
Web UI.
2. ASP.NET Web Forms pages can target any browser client (there are no script
library or cookie requirements).
3. ASP.NET Web Forms pages provide syntax compatibility with existing ASP
pages.
4. ASP.NET server controls provide an easy way to encapsulate common
functionality.
5. ASP.NET ships with 45 built-in server controls. Developers can also use
controls built by third parties.
6. ASP.NET server controls can automatically project both up level and down
level HTML.
7. ASP.NET templates provide an easy way to customize the look and feel of list
server controls.
8. ASP.NET validation controls provide an easy way to do declarative client or
server data validation.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
16
Online crime reporting system

4.3 ADO.NET OVERVIEW

ADO.NET is an evolution of the ADO data access model that directly addresses user
requirements for developing scalable applications. It was designed specifically for the
web with scalability, statelessness, and XML in mind.
ADO.NET uses some ADO objects, such as the Connection and Command
objects, and also introduces new objects. Key new ADO.NET objects include the
Data Set, Data Reader, and Data Adapter.
The important distinction between this evolved stage of ADO.NET and
previous data architectures is that there exists an object -- the Data Set -- that is
separate and distinct from any data stores. Because of that, the Data Set functions as a
standalone entity. You can think of the Data Set as an always disconnected record set
that knows nothing about the source or destination of the data it contains. Inside a
Data Set, much like in a database, there are tables, columns, relationships, constraints,
views, and so forth.
A Data Adapter is the object that connects to the database to fill the Data
Set. Then, it connects back to the database to update the data there, based on
operations performed while the Data Set held the data. In the past, data processing
has been primarily connection-based. Now, in an effort to make multi-tiered apps
more efficient, data processing is turning to a message-based approach that revolves
around chunks of information. At the center of this approach is the Data Adapter,
which provides a bridge to retrieve and save data between a Data Set and its source
data store. It accomplishes this by means of requests to the appropriate SQL
commands made against the data store.

The XML-based Data Set object provides a consistent programming model

that works with all models of data storage: flat, relational, and hierarchical. It does
this by having no 'knowledge' of the source of its data, and by representing the data
that it holds as collections and data types. No matter what the source of the data

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
17
 Online crime reporting system

within the Data Set is, it is manipulated through the same set of standard APIs
exposed through the Data Set and its subordinate objects.
While the Data Set has no knowledge of the source of its data, the managed
provider has detailed and specific information. The role of the managed provider is to
connect, fill, and persist the Data Set to and from data stores. The OLE DB and SQL
Server .NET Data Providers (System.Data.OleDb and System.Data.SqlClient) that are
part of the .Net Framework provide four basic objects: the Command, Connection,
Data Reader and Data Adapter. In the remaining sections of this document, we'll walk
through each part of the Data Set and the OLE DB/SQL Server .NET Data Providers
explaining what they are, and how to program against them.
The following sections will introduce you to some objects that have evolved,
and some that are new. These objects are:

 Connections. For connection to and managing transactions against a database.

 Commands. For issuing SQL commands against a database.
 Data Readers. For reading a forward-only stream of data records from a SQL
Server data source.
 Data Sets. For storing, remoting and programming against flat data, XML data
and relational data.
 Data Adapters. For pushing data into a Data Set, and reconciling data against a
database.
 When dealing with connections to a database, there are two different options:
SQL Server .NET Data Provider (System.Data.SqlClient) and OLE DB .NET Data
Provider (System.Data.OleDb). In these samples we will use the SQL Server .NET
Data Provider. These are written to talk directly to Microsoft SQL Server. The OLE
DB .NET Data Provider is used to talk to any OLE DB provider (as it uses OLE DB
underneath).
Connections:
Connections are used to 'talk to' databases, and are represented by provider-specific
classes such as SQL Connection. Commands travel over connections and result sets
are returned in the form of streams which can be read by a Data Reader object, or
pushed into a Data Set object.
Commands:
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
18
Online crime reporting system

Commands contain the information that is submitted to a database, and are

represented by provider-specific classes such as SQL Command. A command can be
a stored procedure call, an UPDATE statement, or a statement that returns results.
You can also use input and output parameters, and return values as part of your
command syntax. The example below shows how to issue an INSERT statement
against the North wind database.
Data Readers:
The Data Reader object is somewhat synonymous with a read-only/forward-only
cursor over data. The Data Reader API supports flat as well as hierarchical data. A
Data Reader object is returned after executing a command against a database. The
format of the returned Data Reader object is different from a record set. For example,
you might use the Data Reader to show the results of a search list in a web page.

4.3.1 DATASETS AND DATA ADAPTERS:

Data Sets:
The DataSet object is similar to the ADO Recordset object, but more powerful, and
with one other important distinction: the DataSet is always disconnected. The DataSet
object represents a cache of data, with database-like structures such as tables,
columns, relationships, and constraints. However, though a DataSet can and does
behave much like a database, it is important to remember that DataSet objects do not
interact directly with databases, or other source data. This allows the developer to
work with a programming model that is always consistent, regardless of where the
source data resides. Data coming from a database, an XML file, from code, or user
input can all be placed into DataSet objects. Then, as changes are made to the DataSet
they can be tracked and verified before updating the source data.
The GetChanges method of the DataSet object actually creates a second DatSet
that contains only the changes to the data. This DataSet is then used by a DataAdapter
(or other objects) to update the original data source.
The DataSet has many XML characteristics, including the ability to produce
and consume XML data and XML schemas. XML schemas can be used to describe
schemas interchanged via WebServices. In fact, a DataSet with a schema can actually
be compiled for type safety and statement completion.
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
19
 Online crime reporting system

4.4 DATA ADAPTERS (OLEDB/SQL)

The DataAdapter object works as a bridge between the DataSet and the source
data. Using the provider-specific SqlDataAdapter (along with its associated
SqlCommand and SqlConnection) can increase overall performance when working
with a Microsoft SQL Server databases. For other OLE DB-supported databases, you
would use the OleDbDataAdapter object and its associated OleDbCommand and
OleDbConnection objects.
The DataAdapter object uses commands to update the data source after
changes have been made to the DataSet. Using the Fill method of the DataAdapter
calls the SELECT command; using the Update method calls the INSERT, UPDATE
or DELETE command for each changed row. You can explicitly set these commands
in order to control the statements used at runtime to resolve changes, including the use
of stored procedures. For ad-hoc scenarios, a CommandBuilder object can generate
these at run-time based upon a select statement. However, this run-time generation
requires an extra round-trip to the server in order to gather required metadata, so
explicitly providing the INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE commands at design time
will result in better run-time performance.

1. ADO.NET is the next evolution of ADO for the .Net Framework.

2. ADO.NET was created with n-Tier, statelessness and XML in the forefront.
Two new objects, the Data Set and Data Adapter, are provided for these scenarios.
3. ADO.NET can be used to get data from a stream, or to store data in a cache
for updates.
4. There is a lot more information about ADO.NET in the documentation.
5. Remember, you can execute a command directly against the database in order
to do inserts, updates, and deletes. You don't need to first put data into a Data Set in
order to insert, update, or delete it.
6. Also, you can use a Data Set to bind to the data, move through the data, and
navigate data relationships

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
20
Online crime reporting system

4.4.1 SQL SERVER TABLES

SQL Server stores records relating to each other in a table. Different tables are
created for the various groups of information. Related tables are grouped together to
form a database.
PRIMARY KEY
Every table in SQL Server has a field or a combination of fields that uniquely
identifies each record in the table. The Unique identifier is called the Primary Key, or
simply the Key. The primary key provides the means to distinguish one record from
all other in a table. It allows the user and the database system to identify, locate and
refer to one particular record in the database.
RELATIONAL DATABASE
Sometimes all the information of interest to a business operation can be stored in one
table. SQL Server makes it very easy to link the data in multiple tables. Matching an
employee to the department in which they work is one example. This is what makes
SQL Server a relational database management system, or RDBMS. It stores data in
two or more tables and enables you to define relationships between the table and
enables you to define relationships between the tables.
FOREIGN KEY
When a field is one table matches the primary key of another field is referred to as a
foreign key. A foreign key is a field or a group of fields in one table whose values
match those of the primary key of another table.
REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY
Not only does SQL Server allow you to link multiple tables, it also maintains
consistency between them. Ensuring that the data among related tables is correctly
matched is referred to as maintaining referential integrity.
DATA ABSTRACTION
A major purpose of a database system is to provide users with an abstract view of the
data. This system hides certain details of how the data is stored and maintained. Data
abstraction is divided into three levels.
Physical level: This is the lowest level of abstraction at which one describes how the
data are actually stored.
Conceptual Level: At this level of database abstraction all the attributed and what
data are actually stored is described and entries and relationship among them.
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
21
Online crime reporting system

View level: This is the highest level of abstraction at which one describes only part of
the database.
ADVANTAGES OF RDBMS
 Redundancy can be avoided
 Inconsistency can be eliminated
 Data can be Shared
 Standards can be enforced
 Security restrictions ca be applied
 Integrity can be maintained
 Conflicting requirements can be balanced
 Data independence can be achieved.
DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS
A significant disadvantage of the DBMS system is cost. In addition to the cost of
purchasing of developing the software, the hardware has to be upgraded to allow for
the extensive programs and the workspace required for their execution and storage.
While centralization reduces duplication, the lack of duplication requires that the
database be adequately backed up so that in case of failure the data can be recovered.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
22
 Online crime reporting system

4.5 FEATURES OF SQL SERVER (RDBMS)

SQL SERVER is one of the leading database management systems (DBMS) because
it is the only Database that meets the uncompromising requirements of today’s most
demanding information systems. From complex decision support systems (DSS) to
the most rigorous online transaction processing (OLTP) application, even application
that require simultaneous DSS and OLTP access to the same critical data, SQL Server
leads the industry in both performance and capability
SQL SERVER is a truly portable, distributed, and open DBMS that delivers
unmatched performance, continuous operation and support for every database.
SQL SERVER RDBMS is high performance fault tolerant DBMS which is specially
designed for online transactions processing and for handling large database
application.
SQL SERVER with transactions processing option offers two features which
contribute to very high level of transaction processing throughput, which are
 The row level lock manager
ENTERPRISE WIDE DATA SHARING
The unrivaled portability and connectivity of the SQL SERVER DBMS enables all
the systems in the organization to be linked into a singular, integrated computing
resource.
PORTABILITY
SQL SERVER is fully portable to more than 80 distinct hardware and operating
systems platforms, including UNIX, MSDOS, OS/2, Macintosh and dozens of
proprietary platforms. This portability gives complete freedom to choose the database
sever platform that meets the system requirements.
OPEN SYSTEMS
SQL SERVER offers a leading implementation of industry –standard SQL. SQL
Server’s open architecture integrates SQL SERVER and non –SQL SERVER DBMS
with industries most comprehensive collection of tools, application, and third party

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
23
Online crime reporting system

software products SQL Server’s Open architecture provides transparent access to data
from other relational database and even non-relational database.
DISTRIBUTED DATA SHARING
SQL Server’s networking and distributed database capabilities to access data stored
on remote server with the same ease as if the information was stored on a single local
computer. A single SQL statement can access data at multiple sites. You can store
data where system requirements such as performance, security or availability dictate.
UNMATCHED PERFORMANCE
The most advanced architecture in the industry allows the SQL SERVER DBMS to
deliver unmatched performance.
SOPHISTICATED CONCURRENCY CONTROL
Real World applications demand access to critical data. With
most database Systems application becomes “contention bound” – which performance
is limited not by the CPU power or by disk I/O, but user waiting on one another for
data access . SQL Server employs full, unrestricted row-level locking and contention
free queries to minimize and in many cases entirely eliminates contention wait times.
NO I/O BOTTLENECKS
SQL Server’s fast commit groups commit and deferred write technologies
dramatically reduce disk I/O bottlenecks. While some database write whole data block
to disk at commit time, SQL Server commits transactions with at most sequential log
file on disk at commit time, On high throughput systems, one sequential writes
typically group commit multiple transactions. Data read by the transaction remains as
shared memory so that other transactions may access that data without reading it
again from disk. Since fast commits write all data necessary to the recovery to the log
file, modified blocks are written back to the database independently of the transaction
commit, when written from memory to disk.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
24
 Online crime reporting system

5. SOFTWARE DESIGN
5.1System Design
5.1.1 Scenario
A Scenario is “A narrative description of what people do and experience as they try to
make use of computer system and application. a scenario is a concrete focused,
informal description of a single feature of the system from the point of view of a
single actor.
Scenario Name: Admin, Login
Participating Actors: Admin, server
Flow of events:
1. The Admin has to fill the details like his username and password
2. The username and password are validated
3. He can enter into the site
Scenario Name: user Login
Participating Actors: User, server
Flow of events:
1. The User has to fill the details like his username and password
2. The username and password are validated
3. He can enter into the site
Scenario Name: Change Password
Participating Actors: Admin or User, server
Flow of events:
1. The user should fill in the form for change password
2. The fields are verified and a new password is given to him
Scenario Name: Theft
Participating Actors: Public , server
Flow of events:
1. The Public should fill in the form Theft.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
25
 Online crime reporting system

2. Then details are stored in the data base.

5.2 UML Diagrams:-

OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGN METHODOLOGY
UML is a notation that results from the unification of the object modeling technique
and object oriented S/W technology. UML has been designed for broad range of
application. Hence it provides constructs for a broad range of systems and activities.
An Overview of UML in four notations:-
1. Use Case Diagrams: -
Use cases are used during requirements elicitation and analysis. To represents the
functionality of the system. Use cases focus on the behavior of the system for external
point of view. The actors are outside the boundary of the system, where as the use
cases are in side the boundary of the system.
2. Class Diagrams: -
Class Diagrams to describe the structure of the system. Classes are abstraction that
specifies the common structure and behavior of the set of objects. Class diagrams
describe the system in terms of objects, class, attributes, operations and their
associations.
3. Sequence Diagrams: -
Sequence diagrams are used to formulize the behavior of t he system and to visualize
the communication among the objects. They are useful for identifying additional
objects that participate in the use cases. A Sequence diagram represents the
interaction that takes place among these objects.
4. Activity Diagrams: -
An activity diagram describes a system in terms of activities. Activities are a state that
represents the extension of a set of operations. Activity diagrams are similar to flow
chart diagram and data flow.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
26
Online crime reporting system

5.2.1CLASS DIAGRAMS

CASE DETAILS
STATUS
REGISTERAION Cid
cid number Id number Number

uid varchar(10) name varchar(20) Crime_type Varchar(20)

role varchar(500) Crime_date DateTime
ctypevarchar(20) username varchar(10)
password varchar(10) Location Varchar(20)
date datetime emailid varchar(30) Uid Number
status Varchar(10) Desc Varchar(200)

Desc Varchar(200)
 Add( )  Add( )
 Update( )  Update( )
 Add( )  Delete( )

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
27
Online crime reporting system

5.2.2USECASE DIAGRAM

Create Employee

Update Employee

Create Report

User

Update Report
ADMIN
User

Enter Case details

Complete Report for employee

Change Password
Employee

Reports Booking

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
28
Online crime reporting system

5.2.3COLLABORATION DIAGRAMS

Admin:

Changes the
DBS
status

creates the reports

Views / Enters The

case Details

Create Accounts

Login

ADMIN

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
29
Online crime reporting system

User:

Changes the
DBS
status

Views / Enters The

case Details

Create Accounts

Login

User

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
30
Online crime reporting system

Employee:

Changes the
DBS
Password

Views / Enters The

case Details

Create Accounts

Login

User

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
31
Online crime reporting system

5.2.4 SEQUENCE DIAGRAMS

Admin:

Enter Case
Details

ADMIN Create Create Report Complete

Employee Report for
Employee
Login

Createsan
userusrtuusrUser/Empl
oyee
Enters The Case details

Creates a Report to view the status

Creates a report to the employee he requires

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
32
Online crime reporting system

User:

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
33
Online crime reporting system

User Create Enter Case Views The

Account Details Report

Login

Creates an account

Enter Case Detials

View the report created by the Admin

Employee:

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
34
Online crime reporting system

Employee Create Enter Case Reports Change

Account Details Password

Login

Create Account

Gets User name & Password

Enters The case details

Reports are created by admin are viewes

Can change the password

5.2.5 STATECHART DIAGRAM

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
35
Online crime reporting system

Login

Enter case details

Updates the Cased Details

Creates reports

YES
NO Employee
Available

EXIT

5.2.6 ACTIVITY DIAGRAMS

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
36
Online crime reporting system

START

Admin
User Login

Invalid
Valid

Enter Case
details

Report a compliant

Updates the details

Reports for employees

STOP

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
37
Online crime reporting system

User Login

Invalid
Valid

Create an Account

Enter Case details

Updates the details

Reports for employees

STOP

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
38
 Online crime reporting system

5.3 DATABASE DESIGN

5.3.1 NORMALIZATION
It is a process of converting a relation to a standard form. The process is used to
handle the problems that can arise due to data redundancy i.e. repetition of data in the
database, maintain data integrity as well as handling problems that can arise due to
insertion, updation, deletion anomalies.
Decomposing is the process of splitting relations into multiple relations to eliminate
anomalies and maintain anomalies and maintain data integrity. To do this we use
normal forms or rules for structuring relation.
Purpose:
Normalization is carried out for the following four reasons:
 To structure the data
 To permit simple retrieval of data
 To simplify maintenance of data
 To reduce the need to restructure the data
Insertion anomaly: Inability to add data to the database due to absence of other data.
Deletion anomaly: Unintended loss of data due to deletion of other data.
Update anomaly: Data inconsistency resulting from data redundancy and partial
update
Normal Forms: These are the rules for structuring relations that eliminate anomalies.
5.3.2 FIRST NORMAL FORM:
A relation is said to be in first normal form if the values in the relation are
atomic for every attribute in the relation. By this we mean simply that no attribute
value can be a set of values or, as it is sometimes expressed, a repeating group.
5.3.3 SECOND NORMAL FORM:
A relation is said to be in second Normal form is it is in first normal form and it
should satisfy any one of the following rules.
1) Primary key is a not a composite primary key
2) No non key attributes are present
3) Every non key attribute is fully functionally dependent on full set of primary key.
5.3.4 THIRD NORMAL FORM:
A relation is said to be in third normal form if their exits no transitive
dependencies.
Transitive Dependency: If two non key attributes depend on each other as well as on
the primary key then they are said to be transitively dependent.
The above normalization principles were applied to decompose
the data in multiple tables thereby making the data to be maintained in a consistent
state.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
39
Online crime reporting system

5.4 TABLE DESCRIPTION

Admin
Fileld Name Constraint DataType
AdminID NOT NULL BIG INT
Name VARCHAR(50)
Password NOT NULL VARCHAR(50)
Role Char(25)
Email VARCHAR(25)
RegDate DateTime
Category
Fileld Name Constraint DataType
Code NOT NULL BIG INT
Name VARCHAR(50)
Category Description
Fileld Name Constraint DataType
Code NOT NULL BIG INT
List NVARCHAR(50)

Crs_Crime
Fileld Name Constraint DataType
CrimeID NOT NULL BIG INT
UID Int
CrimeType NOT NULL VARCHAR(50)
CrimeDate VARCHAR(25)
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
40
Online crime reporting system

CrimeTime VARCHAR(10)
Location VARCHAR(25)
LandMark VARCHAR(50)
PersonName VARCHAR(50)
PersonAge VARCHAR(25)
MurderedBy VARCHAR(20)
CrimeDesc VARCHAR(200)
Progress VARCHAR(15)
PersonImage IMAGE
Steal VARCHAR(20)
Fraud
Fileld Name Constraint DataType
fraudID NOT NULL INT
UID Int
FraudType VARCHAR(50)
FraudDate VARCHAR(25)
FraudTime VARCHAR(10)
Location VARCHAR(25)
Landmark VARCHAR(50)
FraudDescription VARCHAR(200)
PersonName VARCHAR(50)
Progrss VARCHAR(15)
PersonImage IMAGE

CRS_MissPersons
Fileld Name Constraint DataType
MissID NOT NULL INT
UID Int
MissPersonName VARCHAR(25)
MissGender VARCHAR(10)
MissAge VARCHAR(25)
MissDate VARCHAR(15)
MissTime VARCHAR(10)
MissPic IMAGE
MissProgress VARCHAR(15)
MissDesc VARCHAR(200)
CRS_Users
Fileld Name Constraint DataType
UserID NOT NULL INT
UserName VARCHAR(50)
Password VARCHAR(25)
Gender VARCHAR(15)
UserType VARCHAR(25)
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
41
Online crime reporting system

Address VARCHAR(500)
PhNo BIGINT
Email VARCHAR(25)
RegDate VARCHAR(50)

6. IMPLEMENTATIONS
6.1 SCREENSHOTS
Registration:

Crime admin:

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
42
Online crime reporting system

Login:

Home:

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
43
Online crime reporting system

Murder

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
44
Online crime reporting system

status

Change password:

Users Registration:

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
45
 Online crime reporting system

6.2 CODING
Code for Login Page:

Design Page

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true"

MasterPageFile="~/MasterPage1.master" CodeFile="Login.aspx.cs" Inherits="Login"
%>

<asp:Content ID="content1" runat="server"

ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1">

<link href="StyleSheet.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
46
Online crime reporting system

<center>

<table>

<tr>

<td colspan="2" class="heading" >Login</td></tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">

Email</td>

<td align="left">

<asp:TextBox ID="txtUserID" runat="server"

CssClass="controls"></asp:TextBox>&nbsp;<asp:RequiredFieldValidator
ID="reqUser" runat="server" ControlToValidate="txtUserID" ErrorMessage="Email
is Required"
ValidationGroup="group1"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator><asp:RegularExpressionV
alidator ID="regUser" runat="server" ErrorMessage="Enter Valid Email"
ControlToValidate="txtUserID" ValidationGroup="group1"
ValidationExpression="\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+
([-.]\w+)*"></asp:RegularExpressionValidator></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td align="left">

Password</td>

<td align="left">

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
47
Online crime reporting system

<asp:TextBox ID="txtPassword" runat="server" TextMode="Password"

CssClass="controls"></asp:TextBox>&nbsp;<asp:RequiredFieldValidator
ID="reqPass" runat="server" ControlToValidate="txtPassword"
ErrorMessage="Password is Required"
ValidationGroup="group1"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

</td>

<td align="left">

<asp:Button ID="btnLogin" runat="server" Text="Login"

OnClick="btnLogin_Click" ValidationGroup="group1" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td >

New User</td>

<td align="left">

<asp:HyperLink ID="hypRegister" runat="server"

NavigateUrl="~/Registration.aspx">Register</asp:HyperLink></td>

</tr>

</table>

</center>

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
48
Online crime reporting system

</asp:Content>

Code behind:
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

public partial class Login : System.Web.UI.Page

{
DataSet ds;
BLCRS objbl = new BLCRS();
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

}
protected void LinkButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{

}
protected void btnLogin_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (Page.IsValid)
{
ds = (DataSet)objbl.retLogin(txtUserID.Text, txtPassword.Text);
if (ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count > 0)
{

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
49
Online crime reporting system

Session["username"] = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0]["userName"].ToString();
Session["uID"] = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0]["UserID"].ToString();
Session["userType"] = ds.Tables[0].Rows[0]["usertype"].ToString();
Response.Redirect("home.aspx");
}
else
{
ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "alert('Your Login Details
are incorrect.Please try again')", true);
}
}
Session["userType"] = "MissAdmin";
Response.Redirect("home.aspx");

}
}

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
50
 Online crime reporting system

7. TESTING

As quality is very much important in all of applications to make it as good design.

Testing:
Testing is an important part of the development life cycle. The amount of testing is
required is related to the size and complexity of the application.
Testing strategies:-
A Strategy for software testing integrates software test cases into a series of well
planned steps that result in the successful construction of software. Software testing is
a broader topic for what is referred to as Verification and Validation. Verification
refers to the set of activities that ensure that the software correctly implements a
specific function. Validation refers the set of activities that ensure that the software
that has been built is traceable to customer’s requirements.
Web Application Testing is done in the following steps.
 Interface Testing
 Navigation Testing
 Component-Level Testing (Function Testing)
 Configuration Testing
 Security Testing
 Performance Testing

User Interface Testing:

All the interfaces that have been designed are reviewed whether up to the customer
requirement or not. While testing all interfaces we had verified for errors like
 Related to specific interface mechanisms for example proper execution of all
menu links that are provided in each page
 Related to all semantics of navigation and web application functionally that is
provided in each page. To perform the strategy we have followed several steps
 Tested to ensure that design rules have been applied for each and every page
those available to user without errors. Tested aspects are like fonts, color, borders and
tables.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
51
 Online crime reporting system

Testing Interface Mechanisms:

In this testing strategy we have tested for interface mechanisms like links, forms.
Links:
Each navigation link is tested to ensure that proper page is reached or not. We had
listed out all the links associated with each form and tested whether each link is
reaching its destination or reaching any bad or links to improper page.

Actually in this system the menu links will be generated dynamically based on type of
user.

Forms:
Testing forms has been done at two different levels i.e. at minimum level and
at more targeted level. At minimum level we have tested for:
1. Whether labels been correctly defined for fields.
2. Tested for appropriate defaults are available when the user does not select any
pull-down menu.
At more targeted level we have tested for:
1. Verified for whether form fields have proper width to enter data.
2. Verified for whether form fields preclude the user from entering text.
3. String longer than some predefined maximum.
4. Verified whether the tab key initiated proper movements between form fields.

Testing Interface Semantics:

After performing unit testing on each interface that has been designed we had
performed on testing interface semantics. In this strategy we had checked out whether
each interface is providing clear direction to fill forms, providing meaningful
feedback and maintains consistency of language and approach.

Usability tests:
In this testing we had verified up to, which level that, users can interact
effectively. Tests are designed to determine the degree to which the applications
interface makes users easy. We have designed test case so that usability testing can be
verified at different levels:
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
52
 Online crime reporting system

 Usability has been performed on each and every individual interface i.e.
forms.
 Usability has been performed on total application.
Component Level Testing:
This level of testing focused on tests that uncover errors in application
functions. Each applications function is a software module and is tested using black-
box techniques.
Component-level test cases are often driven by forms-level input. Once the
input has given, the user calls mechanism to initiate by clicking a button or other
control. In order to test the functions we have performed several methods:
 Equivalence Partitioning
 Boundary value Analysis
 Forced error Testing
Each component-level test case specifies all input values and the expected
output to be provided by the component. Some of the forms that have been tested
using these methods are tested below.
All the case design that has been specified in system design has
performed.

Navigation Testing:
As every application has many links user may makes a move as he likes, but
links should be provided so that he can easily move from one page to other. At the
time of navigation testing we had verified whether each link that has provided might
travel user to correct page.
At the time of testing we had verified each and every internal links within the
application, external links to other application
8.1 Types of Testing
Black box testing And White box testing:-
Black Box Testing:
A black box testing alludes to test that are conducted at the software
interfaces. These are used to demonstrate that software functions operational, that
input is properly accepted and correctly produced.
White Box Testing:
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
53
Online crime reporting system

A white box testing on close examination of procedural logical paths

through software are tested by providing test case that exercise specific tests of
conditions are loops. Basic path testing is a white box testing technique that enables
the test case designer to derive a logical complexity of procedural design and use this
method as defining a basic set of paths.
Test cases derived to exercise the basic set are guaranteed to execute very
statement in the program at least onetime during testing.
The reason for choosing white box testing here this application does not
consist of logical paths. So, white box testing is chosen as application test and testing
is carried out through white box test.
In white box testing there are no big bugs found out, but small bugs are
identified and they are corrected immediately.
8.2 Test Cases
Test Case 1:
This determines whether the User is a valid one or not.
Input: The User name and password are given.
Output: If the User is not valid then the error message will be Displayed.
Test Case 2:
This determines whether the Public has entered all the required Information.
Input: The Name which is a mandatory field was not given.
Output: If the Name is not given an error message will be displayed.
Test Case 3:
When the user wants to change the password.
Input: User is required to login before he could change the Password
Output: If he attempts to change the password after login he can successfully change
the password by filling in the required form for changing the password otherwise an
error message will be displayed.
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
INTRODUCTION
Software testing is a critical element of software quality assurance and represents the
ultimate review of specification, design and coding. In fact, testing is the one step in
the software engineering process that could be viewed as destructive rather than
constructive.
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
54
 Online crime reporting system

A strategy for software testing integrates software test case design methods
into a well-planned series of steps that result in the successful construction of
software. Testing is the set of activities that can be planned in advance and conducted
systematically. The underlying motivation of program testing is to affirm software
quality with methods that can economically and effectively apply to both strategic to
both large and small-scale systems.
Implementation literally means to put into effect or to carry out. The system
implementation phase of the software deals with the translation of the design
specifications into the source code. The ultimate goal of the implementation is to
write the source code and the internal documentation so that is can be verified easily.
The code and documentation should be written in a manner that eases debugging,
testing and modification. System flowcharts, sample run on packages, sample output
etc.
Is part of the implementation?
An effort was made to satisfy the following goals in order specified.
 Minimization of Response Time.
 Clarity and Simplicity of the Code.
 Minimization of Hard-Coding.
 Minimization of the Amount of Memory Used.
Various types of bugs were discovered while debugging the modules. These ranged
from logical errors to failure on account of various processing cases.
System Security:
The protection of computer based resources that includes hardware, software, data,
procedures and people against unauthorized use or natural Disaster is known as
System Security.
System Security can be divided into four related issues:
 Security
 Integrity
 Privacy
 Confidentiality
SYSTEM SECURITY refers to the technical innovations and procedures applied to
the hardware and operation systems to protect against deliberate or accidental damage
from a defined threat.
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
55
 Online crime reporting system

DATA SECURITY is the protection of data from loss, disclosure, modification and
destruction.
SYSTEM INTEGRITY refers to the power functioning of hardware and programs,
appropriate physical security and safety against external threats such as eavesdropping
and wiretapping.
PRIVACY defines the rights of the user or organizations to determine what
information they are willing to share with or accept from others and how the
organization can be protected against unwelcome, unfair or excessive dissemination
of information about it.
CONFIDENTIALITY is a special status given to sensitive information in a database
to minimize the possible invasion of privacy. It is an attribute of information that
characterizes its need for protection.
SECURITY IN SOFTWARE
System security refers to various validations on data in form of checks and controls to
avoid the system from failing. It is always important to ensure that only valid data is
entered and only valid operations are performed on the system. The system employees
two types of checks and controls:
CLIENT SIDE VALIDATION
Various client side validations are used to ensure on the client side that only valid data
is entered. Client side validation saves server time and load to handle invalid data.
Some checks imposed are:
 VBScript in used to ensure those required fields are filled with suitable data only.
Maximum lengths of the fields of the forms are appropriately defined.
 Forms cannot be submitted without filling up the mandatory data so that manual
mistakes of submitting empty fields that are mandatory can be sorted out at the client
side to save the server time and load.
 Tab-indexes are set according to the need and taking into account the ease of user
while working with the system.
SERVER SIDE VALIDATION
Some checks cannot be applied at client side. Server side checks are necessary to save
the system from failing and intimating the user that some invalid operation has been
performed or the performed operation is restricted. Some of the server side checks
imposed is:
AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
Department of computer science
56
 Online crime reporting system

 Server side constraint has been imposed to check for the validity of primary key
and foreign key. A primary key value cannot be duplicated. Any attempt to duplicate
the primary value results into a message intimating the user about those values
through the forms using foreign key can be updated only of the existing foreign key
values.
 Various Access Control Mechanisms have been built so that one user may not
agitate upon another. Access permissions to various types of users are controlled
according to the organizational structure. Only permitted users can log on to the
system and can have access according to their category. User- name, passwords and
permissions are controlled o the server side.
 Using server side validation, constraints on several restricted operations are
imposed.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
57
 Online crime reporting system

8. CONCLUSION
It has been a great pleasure for me to work on this exciting and challenging
project. This project proved good for me as it provided practical knowledge of not
only programming in ASP.NET and VB.NET web based application and no some
extent Windows Application and SQL Server, but also about all handling procedure
related with “CRIME REPORTING SYSTEM” It also provides knowledge about the
latest technology used in developing web enabled application and client server
technology that will be great demand in future. This will provide better opportunities
and guidance in future in developing projects independently.
BENEFITS:
The project is identified by the merits of the system offered to the user. The merits of
this project are as follows: -
 It’s a web-enabled project.
 This project offers user to enter the data through simple and interactive forms.
This is very helpful for the client to enter the desired information through so much
simplicity.
 The user is mainly more concerned about the validity of the data, whatever he is
entering. There are checks on every stages of any new creation, data entry or updation
so that the user cannot enter the invalid data, which can create problems at later date.
 Sometimes the user finds in the later stages of using project that he needs to
update some of the information that he entered earlier. There are options for him by
which he can update the records. Moreover there is restriction for his that he cannot
change the primary data field. This keeps the validity of the data to longer extent.
 User is provided the option of monitoring the records he entered earlier. He can
see the desired records with the variety of options provided by him.
 From every part of the project the user is provided with the links through framing
so that he can go from one option of the project to other as per the requirement. This
is bound to be simple and very friendly as per the user is concerned. That is, we can

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
58
 Online crime reporting system

sat that the project is user friendly which is one of the primary concerns of any good
project.
 Data storage and retrieval will become faster and easier to maintain because data
is stored in a systematic manner and in a single database.
 Decision making process would be greatly enhanced because of faster processing
of information since data collection from information available on computer takes
much less time then manual system.
 Allocating of sample results becomes much faster because at a time the user can
see the records of last years.
 Easier and faster data transfer through latest technology associated with the
computer and communication.
 Through these features it will increase the efficiency, accuracy and transparency,
LIMITATIONS:
 The size of the database increases day-by-day, increasing the load on the database
back up and data maintenance activity.
 Training for simple computer operations is necessary for the users working on
the system.

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
59
Online crime reporting system

9. BIBILOGRAPHY

Author Book Name Publication

Professional c#2008 wrox publications

Ben Designing the User Addision Wesely Publications

Shneiderman Interface
Roger S. Software Engineering, A Tata McGraw Hill Publications
Pressman Practitioners Approach ,
fifth edition

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
60
Online crime reporting system

AVANTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

Department of computer science
61