Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________

STE-GE–Q2–W4-12

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

PASAY CITY WEST HIGH SCHOOL

MODULE IN GEOMETRY
STE- Grade 8
Second Quarter/ Week 4 / Day 3

OBJECTIVE: Illustrates the conditions for triangle congruence

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

• Illustrating the Conditions for Triangle Congruence

In this lesson, you will be able to learn that only three pairs of corresponding
congruent parts are needed to show that the two triangles are congruent.

TRY TO DISCOVER!
Based on the definition of congruent triangles, there should be six pairs of
congruent parts: three pairs of congruent sides and three pairs of congruent angles.
Can triangles be shown to be congruent if fewer parts are known to be congruent?

Given ∆𝐵𝐸𝐷 ≅ ∆𝐺𝑁𝑃 , let us list down the corresponding congruent parts.

̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐸 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝑁
̅̅̅̅ ≅
𝐷𝐸 ̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑁
̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝑃
∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐺
∠𝐸 ≅ ∠𝑁
∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝑃

Since measurements of sides and angles are positive real numbers, then the properties
for real numbers apply to them. In particular:
1. Reflexive Property: 𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑚∠𝐴
𝐴𝐵 = 𝐴𝐵
2. Symmetric Property: If 𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑚∠𝐵, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑚∠𝐵 = 𝑚∠𝐴.
If 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑃𝑄, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑃𝑄 = 𝐴𝐵.
3. Transitive Property: If 𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑚∠𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝐵 = 𝑚∠𝐶
then 𝑚∠𝐴 = 𝑚∠𝐶.
If 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑃𝑄 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃𝑄 = 𝑋𝑌,
then, 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑋𝑌.

We are going to consider postulates (statements accepted without proof) and theorems
on congruent triangles.

Conditions for Triangle Congruence

1. SSS Congruence Postulate

Two triangles are congruent if three sides of
one triangle are congruent respectively to three
sides of the other triangle.
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

2. SAS Congruence Postulate

Two triangles are congruent if two sides and
the included angle of one triangle are congruent
respectively to two sides and the included angle of the
other triangle.

3. ASA Congruence Postulate

Two triangles are congruent if two angles and
the included side of one triangle are congruent
respectively to two angles and the included side of the
other triangle.

4. SAA Congruence Postulate

If in two triangles, two pairs of corresponding
angles are congruent and the corresponding sides
opposite to one of the congruent angles are also
congruent, then the two triangles are congruent.

If there is an SAA Congruence Postulate, can SSA and AAA be true for triangle
congruence, too?
The following illustrations will show that two different triangles can be drawn using the
indicated measures.

Two sides and a nonincluded angle of ⊿𝐷𝐸𝐶 are congruent to two sides and nonincluded
angle of ⊿𝑃𝐿𝑀, but the two triangles do not seem to be congruent. Thus, SSA is not a test for
congruence of triangles.

Three angles of ⊿𝐸𝐷𝐴 are congruent to three angles of ⊿𝐽𝑂𝐵, but the two triangles do not
seem to be congruent. Thus, AAA is not a test for congruence of triangles.
PRACTICE EXERCISE 1

Use the diagram for numbers 1 – 7.The aim is

to prove that the two triangles are congruent.
1. Match vertex B with vertex ________.
2. Match vertex Z with vertex ________.
̅̅̅̅ and ________ are corresponding sides.
3. 𝐵𝐶
4. ________ and ̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑍 are corresponding sides.
5. ∠𝐴 and ________ are corresponding angles.
6. ________ and ∠𝑌 are corresponding angles.
7. ⊿𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ⊿_________.
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

PRACTICE EXERCISE 2:

Use the diagram for numbers 1 - 3.

The aim is to prove ⊿𝐽𝐺𝐵 ≅ ⊿𝐴𝐸𝑆.

1. Using the SSS congruence postulate,

show that ̅̅̅̅
𝐽𝐺 ≅ ______, ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝐵 ≅ ______
̅̅̅̅ ≅ ______.
and 𝐽𝐵

2. Using the SAS congruence postulate, show that

̅̅̅̅ ≅ ________, ∠𝐽 ≅ ________ and 𝐽𝐵
𝐽𝐺 ̅̅̅̅ ≅ ________.

̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ _________ and

3. Using the ASA congruence postulate, show that ∠𝐺 ≅ ________, 𝐺𝐵
∠𝐵 ≅ ________ .

In numbers 5 – 6, prove that ⊿𝐿𝐴𝐷 ≅ ⊿𝐵𝐸𝑆. Sketch your own figure.

4. Given ̅̅̅̅ 𝐵𝐸 . By the SSS congruence postulate, ̅̅̅̅

𝐿𝐴 ≅ ̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐷 ≅ ________ and ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐷 ≅ ________.

5. Given ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐸 ̅𝑆. By the SAS congruence postulate, ∠𝐷 ≅ ________ and ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝐷 ≅ ________.

6. Given ∠𝐿 ≅ ∠𝐵. By the ASA congruence postulate, ̅̅̅̅

𝐿𝐴 ≅ ________ and ∠𝐷 ≅ ________.

SUMMING UP

Conditions for Triangle Congruence

➢ If the three sides of one triangle are congruent to the three sides
of another triangle, then the triangles are congruent (Side-Side-
Side or SSS).
➢ If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are congruent
to two sides and the included angle of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent (Side-Angle-Side or SAS).
➢ If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent
to two angles and the included side of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent (Angle-Side-Angle or ASA).
➢ If in two triangles, two pairs of corresponding angles are
congruent and the corresponding sides opposite to one of the
congruent angles are also congruent, then the two triangles are
congruent. (Side-Angle-Angle or SAA).

PRACTICE EXERCISE 3:

Based from the figure on the right, fill in the blanks to make the statement true.

1. ∠𝐸𝐹𝐶 ≅ _________
2. ∆𝐷𝐹𝐴 ≅ _________
3. ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐸 ≅ _________
4. ∠𝐶𝐸 ≅ _________
5. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐸 ≅ _________
6. ∆𝐴𝐷𝐶 ≅ _________
7. ∠1 ≅ _________
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

8. ∠2 ≅ and ____________ are supplementary.

9. ∠4 ≅ and ____________ are supplementary.
10. ∠𝐵𝐴𝐸 ≅ _________
̅̅̅̅ = __________
11. 𝐹𝐷
12. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 _________
13. ∆𝐴𝐹𝐶 _________
14. If ∠𝐸𝐴𝐶 is 40°, then ∠𝐴𝐹𝐶 = __________
15. If ∠5 = 95° then ∠3 = __________

Integrated the Development of the Following Learning Skills:

➢ Communication Skills
A. Understanding of words / vocabulary: congruence, postulate, theorem
B. Following instructions / directions:
C. Reasoning
D. Responding to ideas
➢ Critical Thinking 4. Character
A. Observation A. Honesty
B. Analysis B. Accuracy
C. Explanation C. Working Independently
➢ Creativity D. Patience
➢ Problem Solving
➢ Writing

EVALUATION:
Read each question carefully. Choose the letter that corresponds to the best
answer.

1. How do we prove that two segments or two angles are congruent?

A. We need to show that they are corresponding parts of congruent triangles.
B. We need to show that they are parts of the same triangle.
C. We need to show that they are parts of different triangles.
D. We need to compare their measures.

2. Which is not a condition for triangle congruence?

A. AAA B. ASA C. SAA D. SAS

For items 3 and 4, refer to the given figure.

⊿𝑴𝑿𝒀 ≅ ⊿𝑴𝒁𝒀.

3. Which part of ⊿𝑴𝒁𝒀 is congruent to ̅̅̅̅̅

𝑀𝑋?
A. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑌 ̅̅̅̅
C. 𝑌𝑋
̅̅̅̅̅
B. 𝑀𝑍 D. ̅̅̅̅
𝑌𝑍

4. Which part of ⊿𝑴𝒁𝒀 is congruent to ∠𝑀𝑌𝑋?

A. ∠𝑀𝑋𝑌 B. ∠𝑀𝑍𝑌 C. ∠𝑀𝑌𝑍 D. ∠𝑀𝑍𝑋

5. If two angles and a nonincluded side of one triangle are congruent to two angles
and a nonincluded side of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent. What
congruence postulate illustrate this?
A. AAA B. ASA C. SAA D. SAS

Prepared by:

Digna B. de Leon
Pasay City West High School

References for Further Enhancement:

1. Geometry Textbook for Third Year by Julieta G. Bernabe, et.al., pages 90 - 92
2. Geometry by Virgilio L. Lopez, pages 48 - 49
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________