EVIDENCE

REFERENCE:
Regalado, F. Remedial Law Compendium. Vol. II

I. Introduction
Read Wigmore on Evidence. Vol. 1, pp. 1-20
People of the Philippines vs. Moner, G.R. No. 202206, March 5, 2018

II. Importance of Proof

P.T. Cerna Corp. v. CA, G.R. No. 91622, April 6, 1993
Saguid v. CA, G.R. No. 150611, June 10, 2003
Macasero v. Southern Industrial Gases, Phils., G.R. No. 178524, January 30, 2009
Dela Llanbo vs. Biong, G.R. No. 182356, December 4, 2013 (factum probandum vs. factum
probans)

III. Admissibility of Evidence

Rule 128, Secs. 1 to 4; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Reyes v. CA, 216 SCRA 25 (1993)
People v. Turco, G.R. No. 137757, August 14, 2000
Maza vs. Turla, G.R. No. 187094, February 15, 2017
Mancol vs. DBP, G.R. No. 204289, Nov. 22, 2017

B. Relevance:
Rule 128, Secs 3 & 4; read Regalado annotations
Case:
Office of the Court of Administrator vs. Judge A. Lerma,
A.M. No. RTJ-07-2076, October 12, 2010

C. Competence:
Rule 128, Sec 3; read Regalado annotations
People vs. Valdez, G.R. No. 129296, September 25, 2000

D. Exclusionary Rules under the 1987 Constitution

(a) Sections 2 and 3, Art. III
(b) Section 12, Art. III
(c) Section 17, Art. III

3. Statutory Rules of Exclusion

(a) R.A. 1405, Law on Secrecy of Bank Deposits
(b) R.A. 4200, otherwise known as the Wiretapping Act
Cases:
Sibayan vs. Alda, G.R. No. 233395, January 17,2018
Ganaan v. IAC, 145 SCRA 112 (1986)
Salcedo-Ortañez v. CA, 235 SCRA 111 (1994)
Ramirez v. CA, 248 SCRA 590 (1995)
Martinez vs. People of the Philippines G.R. No. 198694, February 13, 2013
People vs. Cogaed, G.R. No. 200334, July 30, 2014
Ambre vs. People, G.R. No. 191532, August 15, 2012
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Veridiano vs. People, G.R. No. 200370, June 7, 2017

IV. What Need Not Be Proved

A.
Rule 129, Secs. 1 to 4; Rule 10, Sec. 8; read Regalado annotations
B. Cases:
1. Judicial Notice
City of Manila v. Garcia, 19 SCRA 413 (1967)
Baguio vs. Vda. de Jalagat, 42 SCRA 337 (1971)
Prieto v. Arroyo, 14 SCRA 549 (1965)
Yao Kee v. Sy Gonzales, 167 SCRA 736 (1988)
Nedlloyd Lijnen B.V. Rotterdam v. Glow Laks Enterprises, Ltd., G.R. No. 156330,
November 19, 2014
Tabuena v. CA, 196 SCRA 650 (1991)
People v. Godoy, 250 SCRA 676 (1995)
BPI Savings v. CTA, 330 SCRA 507 (2000)
Genesis Transport Service, Inc v. Unyon ng Malayang Manggagawa ng Genesis Transport,
G.R. No. 182114, April 5, 2010
Atienza vs. Board of Medicine, G.R. No. 177407, February 9, 2011
Enriquez Vda. de Catalan v. Catalan – Lee, G. R. No. 183622, February 8, 2012
Noveras vs. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014
Medina vs. Koike, G.R. No. 215723, July 27, 2016
FASAP vs. PAL, G.R. No. 178083, March 13,2018

2. Judicial Admissions
Lucido v. Calupitan, 27 Phil. 48 (1914)
Torres v. CA, 131 SCRA 24 (1984)
PLDT v. Pingol, No. 182622 September 8, 2010
Josefa vs. Meralco, G.R. No. 182705, July 18, 2014

V. Real and Demonstrative Evidence

Rule 130; Sec. 1; Sec. 2; Read Sec. 21, R.A. No. 9165, Regalado annotations
Cases:
Sison v. People, 250 SCRA 58 (1995)
People v. Berdadero, G.R. No. 179710, June 29, 2010
People v. Prajes and Mala, G.R. No. 206770, April 2, 2014
People v. Sabdula, G.R. No. 184758, April 21, 2014
People v. Gamata, G.R. No. 205202, June 9, 2014
People v. Saldivar, G.R. No. 207664, June 25, 2014
People v. Villarta, G.R. No. 205610, July 30, 2014
People v. Balaquiot, G.R. No. 206366, August 13, 2014
People v. Cabrera, G.R. No. 190175, November 12, 2014
People v. Mercado, G.R. No. 207988, March 11, 2015
Republic vs. Gimenez, G.R. No. 174673, January 11, 2016
People vs Gayoso, G.R. No. 206590, March 27, 2017

VI. Best Evidence Rule

Rule 130, Secs. 2 to 8; read Regalado annotations
Rule 132, Secs. 25 and 27; Electronic Commerce Act (R.A. 8792)
Secs. 5, 6 to 15
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Rules on Electronic Evidence ("REE")
Rule 2, Sec.1; Rule 3 Rule 4; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Air France v. Carrascoso, 18 SCRA 155 (1966)
People v. Tan, 105 Phil. 1242 (1959)
People v. Tandoy, 192 SCRA 98 (1990)
Gaw v. Chua, G.R. No. 160855, April 16, 2008
US v. Gregorio, 17 Phil. 522 (1910)
Fiscal of Pampanga v. Reyes, 55 Phil 905 (1931)
Vda. de Corpus v. Brabangco (C.A.) 59 O.G. 8262 (1963)
Compania Maritima v. Allied Free Workers, 77 SCRA 24 (1977)
Villa Rey Transit v. Ferrer, 25 SCRA 845 (1968)
Michael & Co. v. Enriquez, 33 Phil. 87 (1915)
De Vera v. Aguilar, 218 SCRA 602 (1983)
Lee vs. People, G.R. No. 159288, October 19, 2004
Tegimenta Chemical vs. Oco, G.R. No. 175369, February 27, 2013Spouses Tapayan vs.
Martinez, G.R. Nol 207786, January 30, 2017
Dept. of Education v. Del Rosario, G.R. No. 146586 January 26, 2005
Napocor v. Codilla G.R. No. 170491, April 4, 2007
MCC Industrial Sales v. Sangyong, 536 SCRA 418 (2007)
Ang v. CA, G.R. No. 182835, April 20, 2010
Maliksi vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 203302, March 12, 2013
Enojas vs. People, G.R. No. 204894, March 10, 2014

BPI vs. Mendoza, G.R. No. 198799, March 20, 2017

VII. Parol Evidence Rule

Rule 130, Sec. 9; read Regalado annotations
Art. 1403, Civil Code
Cases:
Enriquez v. Ramos, 6 SCRA 219 (1962)
Canuto v. Mariano, 37 Phil. 840 (1918)
Yu Tek v. Gonzales, 29 Phil. 384 (1915)
Land Settlement & Dev. Corp. v. Garcia Plantation, 7 SCRA 750 (1963)
Maulini v. Serrano, 28 Phil. 640 (1914)
PNB v. Seeto, 91 Phil. 756 (1952)
Woodhouse v. Halili, 93 Phil. 526 (1953)
Robles v. Lizarraga, 50 Phil. 387 (1927)
Cruz v. CA, 192 SCRA 209 (1990)
Lechugas v. CA, 143 SCRA 335 (1986)
Inciong v. CA, 257 SCRA 578 (1996)
Ortañez v. CA, 266 SCRA 561 (1997)
Tong v. Go Kiat Kun, G.R. No. 196023, April 21, 2014
Rebusquillo v. Spouses Gualvez, G.R. No. 204029, June 4, 2014
Eagleridge Development Corp. vs. Cameron Granville, G.R. No. 204700, November 24,
2014
Spouses Paras vs. Kimwa Construction, G.R. No. 171601, April 8, 2015
Felix Plazo Urban Settlers vs. Lipat, Sr., G.R. No. 182409, March 20, 2017

VIII. Interpretation of Documents

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Rule 130, Secs. 10 to 19; read Regalado annotations
Arts. 1370 to 1379, Civil Code
Cases:
Lambert v. Fox, 26 Phil. 588 (1914)
Capital Insurance v. Sadang, 21 SCRA 1183 (1967)
Marquez vs. Espejo, G.R. No. 168387, August 25, 2010
Cahayag vs. Commercial Credit Corp., G.R. No. 168078, Jan 13, 2016
Diampoc vs. Buenaventura, GR. No. 200383, March 29, 2018

IX. Qualifications of Witnesses

A. Presumption of Capacity
Art. 37, New Civil Code
Cases:
Catalan v. Basa, G.R. No. 159567, July 31, 2007
People v. Abaigar, G.R. No. 199442, April 7, 2014
People v. Paras, G.R. No. 192912, June 4, 2014
People v. Fernandez, G.R. No. 193478, June 23, 2014

B. Mental Incapacity or Immaturity

Rule 130, Secs. 20 & 21; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
People v. De Jesus, 129 SCRA 4 (1984)
People v. Rafanan, Jr., G.R. No. L-54135 November 21, 1991
People v. Salomon, 229 SCRA 402 (1993)
People v. Mendoza, 254 SCRA 18 (1996)
Marcos vs. Heirs of Dr. Navarro, G.R. No. 198240, July 3, 2013
People vs. Obogne, G.R. No. 199740, March 24, 2014
People v. Roxas, G.R. No. 200793, June 4, 2014
People vs. Corpuz, G.R. No. 208013, July 3, 2017

C. Spousal Immunity
Rule 130, Section 22; read Regalado annotations
Art. 215, Family Code
Cases:
People v. Castañeda, 88 SCRA 562 (1979)
People v. Francisco, 78 Phil. 694 (1947)
Lezama v. Rodriguez, 23 SCRA 1166 (1968)
Alvarez v. Ramirez, 473 SCRA 72 (2005)

D. Dead Man's Statute

Rule 130, Section 23; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Guerrero v. St. Claire's Realty & Co., 124 SCRA 553 (1983)
Abraham v. Recto-Kasten, 4 SCRA 298 (1962)
Goñi v. CA, 144 SCRA 222 (1986)
Tongco v. Vianzon, 50 Phil. 698 (1927)
Lichauco v. Atlantic Gulf, 84 Phil. 330 (1949)
Razon v. IAC, 207 SCRA 234 (1992)
Hko Ah Pao vs. Ting, G.R. No. 153476, September 27, 2006

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X. Privileged Communications
Eagleridge Development Corp. vs. Cameron Granville, G.R. No. 204700, November 24,
2014
Belen vs. People of the Phils., G.R. No. 211120, Feb. 13, 2017

A. Marital Privilege
Rule 130, Sec. 24(a); read Regalado annotations
Cases:
People v. Carlos, 47 Phil. 626 (1925)Ordoño v. Daquigan, G.R. No. L-39012 January 31,
1975
People v. Castañeda, Jr., GR. No. L-46306 February 27, 1979

B. Attorney-Client Privilege
Rule 130, Sec. 24(b); read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Uy Chico v. Union Life, 29 Phil. 163 (1915)
Regala v. Sandiganbayan, 262 SCRA 124 (1996)
Barton v. Leyte Asphalt & Mineral, 46 Phil. 938 (1924)
Orient Insurance v. Revilla, 54 Phil. 919 (1930)
People v. Sandiganbayan, 275 SCRA 505 (1997)
Hadjula vs. Madianda, A.C. No. 6711, July 3, 2007

C. Physician-Patient Privilege,
Rule 130, Sec. 24 (c); read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Lim v. CA, 214 SCRA 273 (1992)
Krohn v. CA, 233 SCRA 146 (1994)
Chan vs. Chan, G.R. No. 179786, July 24, 2013

D. Priest-Penitent

E. State Secrets
Rule 130, Sec. 24 (e); read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Banco Filipino v. Monetary Board, 142 SCRA 523 (1986)
People vs. Ong, 432 SCRA 470 (2004)
Neri vs. Senate Committee, G.R. No. 180643, March 25, 2008
Akbayan vs. Aquino, G.R. No. 170516, July 16, 2008
In Re: Production of Court Records and Documents and the Attendance of Court officials
and employees as witnesses under the subpoenas of February 10, 2012 and the various letters
for the Impeachment Prosecution Panel dated January 19 and 25, 2012, February 14, 2012
Almora vs. Dela Rosa, G.R. NO. 234359, April 3, 2018

F. Parental & Filial Privilege

Rule 130, Sec. 25; read Regalado annotations
Art. 215, Civil Code
Case:
People vs. Invencion, G.R. No. 131636, March 5, 2003
Lee vs. CA, G.R. No. 177861, July 13, 2010

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G. Newsman's Privilege
R.A. 53, as amended by R.A. 1477
Cases:
People v. Ong G.R. No. 137348, June 21, 2004

H. Trade Secrets
BIR v. Office of the Ombudsman, G.R. No. 115103, April 11, 2002
Air Philippines v. Pennswell, 540 SCRA 217 (2007)

I. R.A. 10173 (Data Privacy Act of 2012)

J. R.A. No. 9285 "Alternative Dispute Resolution Act of 2004." Sections 9 to 12

Case:Federal Express Corp. s. Airfreight 2100, Inc., November 21, 2016, G.R. No. 216600

K. Revenue Memo Circular No. 12-208 (22 Feb 2018)

XI. Admissions and Confessions

A. Admissions Against Interest
Rule 130, Sections 26 & 32; read Regalado annotations
Case:
Viacrucis v. CA, 44 SCRA 176 (1972)
Keller & Co. v. COB, 141 SCRA 86 (1986)
People v. Paragsa, 84 SCRA 105 (1978)
People v. Alegre, 94 SCRA 109 (1979)
People v. Mejia, 275 SCRA 127
Stanley Fine Furniture Gallano, G.R. No.190486, November 26, 2014
BP Oil and Chemicals vs. Total Distribution, G.R. No. 214406, February 6, 2017
Heirs of Peter Donton vs. Stier, G.R. No. 216491, August 23, 2017

B. Compromises
Rule 130, Section 27; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Veradero v. Insular Lumber, 46 Phil. 176 (1924)
U.S. v. Torres, 34 Phil. 994 (1916)
People v. Godoy, 250 SCRA 676 (1995)
People v. De Guzman, 265 SCRA 228 (1996)
People v. Yparriguirre, 268 SCRA 35 (1997)
People v. Maqui, 27 Phil. 97 (1914)
People v. Prades, 293 SCRA 411 (1998)
San Miguel Corp. vs. Kalalo, G.R. No. 185522, June 13, 2012
Sps. Carbonell vs. Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co., G.R. No. 178467, April 26, 2017

C. Res Inter Alios Acta,

Rule 130, Section 28; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
People v. Alegre, 94 SCRA 109 (1979)
People v. Raquel, 265 SCRA 248 (1996)

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D. Exceptions to the Res Inter Alios Acta Rule
1. Partner's/Agent's Admissions
Rule 130, Section 28; read Regalado annotations

2. Coconspirator's Statements
Rule 130, Section 30; read Regalado annotations
People v. Cabrera, 57 SCRA 715 (1974)
People v. Yatco, 97 Phil. 941 (1955)
People v. Chaw Yaw Shun, 23 SCRA 127 (1968)
People v. Serrano, 105 Phil. 531 (1959)
Tamargo vs. Awingan, G.R. No. 177727, January 19, 2010
People vs. Bokingo, G.R. No. 187536, August 10, 2011
People vs. Cachuela, G.R. No. 191752, June 10, 2013

3. Admission by Privies
Rule 130, Sec. 31; read Regalado annotations
Alpuerto v. Pastor, 38 Phil. 785 (1918)
City of Manila v. Del Rosario, 5 Phil. 227 (1905)
Aznar Brothers Realty vs. Sps. Ybañez, G.R. No. 161380, April 21, 2014
Tan Siok Kuan vs. Ho, G.R. No. 175085 , June 1, 2016

E. Confessions
Art. III, Section 17, 1987 Constitution
Rule 130, Sec. 33; read Regalado annotations
Rule 115(e).
Cases:
People v. Compil, 244 SCRA 135 (1995)
People v. Wong Chuen Ming, 256 SCRA 182 (1996)
People v. Alegre, 94 SCRA 109 (1979)
People v. Yip Wai Ming, 264 SCRA 224 (1996)
People v. Maqueda, 242 SCRA 565 (1995)
People v. Encipido, 146 SCRA 478 (1986)
People v. Endino, 352 SCRA 307 (2001)
People v. Abulencia, 363 SCRA 496 (2001)
People v. Malngan, 503 SCRA 294 (2006)
People v. Lauga, G.R. No. 186228, March 15, 2010
Ladiana v. People, G.R. No. 144293, December 4, 2002
People vs. Dacanay, G.R. No. 216064, Nov. 7, 2016
Tabobo III vs. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 220977, June 19,2017

XII. Conduct and Character As Evidence

Rule 130, Secs. 34 to 35; Sec. 51; read Regalado annotations
Rule 132, Sec. 14; read Regalado annotations
Section 30, Rule on Examination of a Child Witness
Cases:
U.S. v. Pineda 37 Phil. 457 (1918)
People v. Irang 64 Phil. 285 (1937)
People v. Soliman 53 O.G. 8083 (1957)
People v. Babiera 52 Phil. 97 (1928)
U.S. v. Mercado 26 Phil. 127 (1913)
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People v. Baring, G.R. No. 137933, January 28, 2002
Civil Service Commission vs. Belagan, G.R. No. 132164, October 19, 2004
People v. Lee, G.R. No. 139070, May 29, 2002

XIII. Hearsay Rule

A. Testimonial Knowledge
Rule 130, Sec. 36; read Regalado annotations
Cases
People v. Brioso 37 SCRA 336 (1971)
People v. Cusi 14 SCRA 944 (1965)
People v. Gaddi 170 SCRA 649 (1989)
Estrada v. Desierto 356 SCRA 108 (2001)
People v. Quidato 297 SCRA 1 (1998)
Unchuan vs. Lozada, G.R. No. 172671, April 16, 2009
People vs. Ibañez, G.R. No. 197813, September 25, 2013
People vs. Amin, G.R. No. 215942, Jan. 18, 2017
People vs. Umapas, G.R. No. 215742, March 22, 2017

C. Exceptions:

1. Dying Declaration
Rule 130, Sec. 37; read Regalado annotations
Cases
People v. Laquinon, 135 SCRA 91 (1985)
People v. Sabio, 2 SCRA 218 (1981)
People v. Salison, 253 SCRA 758 (1996)
People v. Gatarin, G.R. No. 198022, April 7, 2014
People vs. Palanas, G.R. No. 214453, June 17, 2015
People vs. Villariez, G.R. No. 211160, Sept. 2, 5015
People vs. Calinawan, G.R. No. 226145, Feb. 13, 2017

2. Declaration Against Interest

Rule 130, Sec. 38; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Lazaro vs. Agustin, G.R. No. 152364, April 15, 2010
People v. Majuri, 96 SCRA 472 (1980)
People v. Toledo, 51 Phil. 825 (1928)
Fuentes v. CA, 253 SCRA 430 (1996)
Dantis vs. Maghinang, G.R. No. 191696, April 10, 2013

3. Pedigree
Rule 130, Sec. 39; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Gravador v. Mamigo, 20 SCRA 742 (1967)
People v. Alegado, 201 SCRA 37 (1991)
Mendoza v. CA, 201 SCRA 675 (1991)
Tison v. CA, 276 SCRA 582 (1997)
Dela Cruz v. Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
People vs. Gallano, G.R. No. 184762, February 25, 2015

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4. Family Tradition
Rule 130, Sec. 40; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Ferrer v. de Ynchausti, 38 Phil. 905 (1918)
People v. Llanita, G.R. No. 134101, September 5, 2001
People v. Oden, G.R. No. 155511-22 , April 14, 2004

5. Common Reputation
Rule 130, Sec. 41; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Ferrer v. De Ichausti, 38 Phil 905 (1918)
City of Manila v. Del Rosario, 5 Phil 227(1905)

6. Res Gestae
Rule 130, Sec. 42; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
People v. Lungayan, 162 SCRA 100 (1988)
People v. Putian, 74 SCRA 133 (1976)
People v. Tolentino, 218 SCRA 337 (1993)
DBP Pool of Accredited Insurance vs. Radio Mindanao Network, G.R. NO. 147039, January
27, 2006
People v. Feliciano, Jr., G.R. No. 196735, May 5, 2014
People v. Estibal, G.R. No. 208749, November 26, 2014

7. Entries in the Course of Business

Rule 130, Sec. 42; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Land Bank v. Monet’s Export and Mfg. Corp., G.R. No. 184971, April 19, 2010
Llemos v. Llemos, G.R. No. 150162, January 26, 2007
Land Bank vs. Oñate, G.R. No. 192371, January 15, 2014
Advance Paper Corp. vs. Arma Traders Corp., G.R. No.176897, December 11, 2013

8. Official Records
Rule 130, Sec. 44; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Africa v. Caltex, 16 SCRA 448 (1966)
People v. Leones, 117 SCRA 382 (1982)
Manalo v. Robles Trans. Co., Inc. 99 Phil. 729 (1956)
People v. Cabuang, 217 SCRA 675 (1993)
People v. San Gabriel, 253 SCRA 84 (1996)

9. Commercial Lists
Rule 130, Sec. 45; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
PNOC Shipping v. CA, 299 SCRA 402 (1999)
Meralco vs. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 127598, February 22, 2000

10. Learned Treatises

Rule 130, Sec. 46; read Regalado annotations
Paje vs. Casiño, G.R. No. 207257, February 3, 2015
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11. Prior Testimony
Rule 130, Sec. 47; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
Tan v. CA, 20 SCRA 54 (1967)
Republic of the Philippines vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 152375, December 16, 2011

12. Child Abuse Exception

Section 28, Rule on Examination of a Child Witness

XIV. Opinion Rule

Rule 130, Secs. 48-50; read Regalado annotations
People v. Lee, G.R. No. 139070, May 29, 2002
Sultan v. Macabanding, A.C. No. 7919, October 8, 2014
Gebulle-Garpo vs. Garabato, G.R. No. 200013, January 14, 2015

B. Rule on DNA Evidence

Cases:
Dilag & Co. v. Merced 45 O.G. 5536 (1949)
U.S. v. Trono, 3 Phil. 213 (1904)
People v. Adoviso, 309 SCRA 1 (1999)
People vs. Vallejo, 382 SCRA 192 (2002)
Herrera v. Alba, G.R. No. 148220, June 15, 2005
People v. Umanito, G.R. No. 172607, October 26, 2007
Ong vs. Diaz, G.R. No. 171713, December 17, 2007
Lucas vs. Lucas, G.R. No. 190710, June 6, 2011

XV. Burden of Proof and Presumptions

Rule 131, Secs. 1 to 4; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
1. Civil Cases
Spouses Ramos vs. Obispo, G.R. No. 193804, February 27, 2013
Rivera vs. Spouses Salvador, G.R. No. 184458, January 14, 2015
People vs. Lipata, G.R. No. 200302, April 20, 2016

2. Criminal Cases
People v. Pajenado, 31 SCRA 812 (1970)
People v. Verzola, 80 SCRA 600 (1977)
People vs. Bacus, G.R. No. L-60388 November 21, 1991

3. Presumptions
Pascual v. Angeles, 4 Phil. 604 (1905)
Ormachea v. Trillana, 13 Phil. 194 (1909)
People v. Padiernos, 69 SCRA 484 (1976)
People v. Abetong, G.R. No. 209785, June 4, 2014
People v. Casabuena, G.R. No. 186455, November 19, 2014
Heirs of Liwagon and Dumalagan v. Heirs of Spouses Liwagon, G.R. No. 193117, Nov 26,
2014
Gepulle-Garbo v. Spouses Garabato, G.R. No. 200013, January 14, 2015

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XVI. Presentation of Evidence
A. Examination of Witnesses
Rule 132, Secs. 1 to 18; read Regalado annotations

Judicial Affidavit Rule

Ng Men Tam vs. China Banking Corp., G.R. No. 214054, August 5, 2015
Fairland Knitcraft Corp. vs. Po, G.R. No. 217694 , Jan 27, 2016
Lara’s Gift and Decors, Inc. vs. PNB General Insurers, G.R. No. 230429, Jan. 24, 2018
Lagon vs. Velasco, 208424, February 14, 2018

B. Rule on Examination of A Child Witness

A.M. NO. 004-07-SC, November 21, 2000
Cases:
People vs. Hermosa, G.R. No. 131805, September 7, 2001
Genil vs. Judge Rivera, A.M. No. MTJ-06-1619, January 23, 2006
People v. Ogan, G.R. No. 186461, July 5, 2010
People vs. Esugon, G.R. No. 195244, June 22, 2015
People vs. Golidan, G.R. No. 205307, Jan. 11, 2018

1. Examination in Open Court

People v. Estenzo, 72 SCRA 428 (1976)
Galman v. Pamaran, 138 SCRA 294 (1985)

2. Leading Questions
People v. Estenzo, G.R. No. L-41166, August 25, 1976
People v. Limbo, G.R. No. L-24810, March 29, 1926
People v. Cana, G.R. No. 139229, April 22 2002
People vs. Escultor, G.R. Nos. 149366-67, May 27, 2004

3. Impeaching One's Own Witness

Gomez v. Gomez-Samson, G.R. No. 156284, February 6, 2007

4. Cross-Examination
Cases:
Dela Paz v. IAC, 154 SCRA 65 (1987)
Fulgado v. CA, 182 SCRA 81 (1982)
Capitol Subd. v. Negros Occ. 52 O.G. 4672 (1956)
U.S. v. Mercado, 26 Phil. 127 (1913)

5. Impeachment by Bias
Cases:
U.S. v. Abel, 469 U.S. 45 (1984)
U.S. v. Harvey, 547 F.2d 720 (2d Cir.1976)

6. Impeachment by Prior Inconsistent Statement

Cases:
Villalon v. IAC, 144 SCRA 443 (1986)
People v. Resabal, 50 Phil. 780 (1927)
People vs. Zinampan, G.R. No. 126781, September 13, 2000

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7. Impeachment by Other Means
Cases:
U.S. v. Mercado, 20 Phil. 127 (1913)
Mosley v. Commonwealth, 420 SW2d 679 (1967)
Coles v. Harsch, 276 P. 248 (1929)
U.S. v. Medical Therapy Services, 583 F.2d 36 (2d Cir. 1978)
Newton v. State, 127 A. 123 (Md. 1924)
State v. Oswalt, 381 P. 2d 617 (1963)
Cordial vs. People, G.R. No. 75880 September 27, 1988

8. Refreshing Recollection
Cases:
People v. Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 135022, July 11, 2002

9. Recalling Witnesses
Cases:
People v. Del Castillo, 25 SCRA 716 (1968)
Victorias Milling Co., Inc. v. Ong Su, 79 SCRA 207 (1977)
People v. Rivera, 200 SCRA 786 (1991)
People vs. Ortillas, G.R. No. 137666, May 20, 2004
People vs. Abatayo, G.R. No. 139456, July 7, 2004

10. Exclusion of Witnesses

People v. Sandal, 54 Phil. 883 (1930)
Sec. of Justice v. Estrada, A.M. No. 01-4-03-S.C., June 29, 2001
Eristingco vs. Design Sources International, G.R. No. 193966, February 19, 2014\

D. Authentication and Proof of Documents

Rule 132, Secs. 19 to 33
E-Commerce Act, Secs. 5, 6-15;
REE, Rules 5, 6, 9 & 11
Cases:
Bunag v. CA, 158 SCRA 299 (1988)
Heirs of Lacsa v. CA, 197 SCRA 234 (1991)
Bartolome v. IAC, 183 SCRA 102 (1990)
Pacific Asia Overseas v. NLRC, 161 SCRA 122 (1988)
Zalamea v. CA, 228 SCRA 23 (1993)
People v. Monleon, 74 SCRA 263 (1976)
Salison v. People, 253 SCRA 758 (1996)
People v. Lazaro 317 SCRA 435 (1999)
People v. Burgos, 200 SCRA 67 (1991)
IBM Phils., Inc. v. NLRC, 305 SCRA 592 (1999)
Aznar v. Citibank, G.R. No.164273, March 28, 2007
Nuez v. CruzApao, 455 SCRA 288 (2007)
VidallonMagtolis v. Salud, A.M. No. CA-05-20-P, September 09, 2007
Patula vs. People, G.R. No. 164457, April 11, 2012
Heirs of Ochoa vs. G.S. Transport, G.R. No. 170071, July 16, 2012
Cercado-Siga v. Cercado, Jr., G.R. No. 185374, March 11, 2015
Dizon vs. Beltran, G.R. No. 221071, Jan. 18, 2017
Republic vs. Galeno, G.R. No. 215009, January 23, 2017
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E. Offer and Objection
Rule 132, Secs. 34 to 40; read Regalado annotations
Cases:
People v. Cariño, 165 SCRA 664 (1988)
Interpacific Transit v. Aviles, 186 SCRA 385 (1990)
De los Reyes v. IAC, 176 SCRA 394 (1989)
People v. Yatco, 97 Phil. 940 (1955)
PHILAMGEN v. Sweet Lines, Inc., 212 SCRA 194 (1992)
Catuira v. CA 236 SCRA 398 (1994)
Sheraton Palace v. Quijano (C.A.) 64 O.G. 9116
Vda. de Oñate v. Court of Appeals, 250 SCRA 283 (1995)
Heirs of Sabanpan vs. Comorposa, G.R. No. 152807 August 12, 2003
Heirs of Pasag vs. Parocha, G.R. No. 155483, April 27, 2007
Republic v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 188881, April 21, 2014
Corpuz v. People, G.R. No. 180016, April 29, 2014
Sabay v. People, G.R. No. 192150, October 1, 2014
Republic vs. Gimenez, G.R. No. 174673, January 22, 2016
Tapayan vs. Martinez, G.R. No. 207786, January 30, 2017
Guyamin vs. Flores, G.R. No. 202189, April 25, 2017

XVII. Weight & Sufficiency of Evidence

Rule 133, Secs. 1 to 7; read Regalado annotations
REE, Rule 7
Cases:
U.S. v. Lasada, 18 Phil. 90 (1910)
People. v. Abendan, 82 Phil. 711 (1948)
People v. Solayao, 262 SCRA 255 (1996)
People v. Lorenzo, 240 SCRA 624 (1995)
Lejano vs. People, G.R. No. 176389, December 14, 2010
Sison-Barias v. Rubia, A.M. No. RTJ-14-2388, June 10, 2014
Sultan v. Macabanding, A.C. No. 7919, October 8, 2014
Daluraya v. Oliva, G.R. No. 210148, December 8, 2014
People v. Solano, Jr., G.R. No. 199871, June 2, 2014
Espineli v. People, G.R. No. 179535, June 9, 2014
Heirs of Villanueva vs. Heirs of Mendoza,G .R. No. 209132, June 5, 2017
Tabuada vs. Tabuada, G.R. No. 196510, Sept. 12, 2018

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