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CRIME MAPPING C-WPS Office

This document discusses crime mapping and the CrimeStat program. Crime mapping uses geographic information systems to identify crime hot spots and patterns. The CrimeStat program inputs crime incident data and outputs spatial statistics and analysis that can be displayed in GIS maps. It provides tools for hot spot analysis, interpolation, journey-to-crime modeling, and other statistics to help law enforcement with crime mapping and analysis. While useful, crime mapping requires large data inputs to be effective.

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Ivylen Gupid Japos Cabudbud
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483 views4 pages

CRIME MAPPING C-WPS Office

This document discusses crime mapping and the CrimeStat program. Crime mapping uses geographic information systems to identify crime hot spots and patterns. The CrimeStat program inputs crime incident data and outputs spatial statistics and analysis that can be displayed in GIS maps. It provides tools for hot spot analysis, interpolation, journey-to-crime modeling, and other statistics to help law enforcement with crime mapping and analysis. While useful, crime mapping requires large data inputs to be effective.

Uploaded by

Ivylen Gupid Japos Cabudbud
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CRIME MAPPING CASE STUDIES IN BISLIG CITY SURIGAO DEL SUR

Discription of the Study:

Crime mapping is used by analyst in law enforcement agencies to map, visualize and analyze crime
incident pattern. It is a key component of crime analysis and a compStat policing strategy. Mapping
crime, using Geographic Information System (GIS), allows crime analyst to identify crime hot spots, along
with other trends and patterns. Crime mapping is a very important tool in managing and controlling
crime in an area. By analyzing the spatial and temporal data provided by maps investigator are able to
understand the crime patterns and trend it also help in resource allocation and in geographic profiling of
criminals and suspicious locations. In strategic crime analysis, crime mapping is utilize in a long term
applications to analyze the relationship between criminal activity and indicator of disorder such as a high
volume of vacant property or disorder calls for services; to assist in geographic and temporal allocation
of resources, such as patrol officers. The first maps of crime was created by ADRIANO BALBI and ANDRE
MICHEL GUERRY on 1829.

Statement of the Problem :

Even though crime maps are very useful to the public, it does not fully cover their safety and security
issues. Some of The cons that come with crime maps are that sometimes result in crime mapping having
a bias on historical problems as opposed to emergent patterns. Therefore, deployment error can easily
occur with the police department. Another disadvantage of crime mapping is that it requires a large
number of data in order to be effective, and this information must be processed into the GIS.

Review Related Literature :

CRIMESTAT PROGRAM AND CRIME MAPPING

CrimeStat is a spatial statistics program used in crime mapping. The program inputs

incident or point locations and outputs statistics that can be displayed graphically in a

geographic information systems (GIS) program. Among the routines are those for

summary spatial description, hot spot analysis, interpolation, space–time analysis, and

journey-to-crime modeling. Version 3.0 has a crime travel demand module for

analyzing travel patterns over a metropolitan area. The program and documentation
are distributed by the National Institute of Justice.

Introduction:

In this article, I will discuss the CrimeStat program and its potential uses for both

crime mapping as well as other GIS applications.

Crime mapping:

Modern law enforcement has a strong technology component involving forensics,

incident reconstruction, assailant profiling, database analysis, and a wide range of

specialized analytical components including crime mapping. Crime mapping is an

important technical function that is part of modern police enforcement. Police

analysts routinely map crime incidents in order to both detect general patterns of

crime that can focus their enforcement and prevention efforts as well to identify and

apprehend specific offenders who are committing crimes.

The CrimeStat program :

CrimeStat is a stand-alone Windows spatial statistics program for the analysis of

crime incident locations that can interface with most desktop GIS programs. The

purpose is to provide supplemental statistical tools to aid law enforcement agencies

and criminal justice researchers in their crime mapping efforts.


Spatial statistics in CrimeStat:

The following gives some examples of the statistics that are in the program.

Spatial description

There are a number of statistics for describing the general properties of a distribu-

tion. These involve simple descriptions of overall pattern (global characteristics),

descriptions of regional variation, and descriptions of small, concentrated clusters

(hot spots).

Hot spot analysis:

An extreme form of spatial autocorrelation is a hot spot. While there is no absolute

definition of a ‘‘hot spot,’’ it is often noted that incidents, particularly crime

Spatial modeling:

There are a number of tools in CrimeStat for spatial modeling. Typically, these

extrapolate beyond the values in the data set, either in space or in time.

Journey-to-crime analysis:

An important analytical tool for police departments seeking to apprehend a serial

offender is journey-to-crime analysis (sometimes known as geographic profiling).


Conclusion:

The integration of GIS into law enforcement has been an important technological

breakthrough for crime analysts and criminal justice researchers. The technology

has allowed police departments to monitor crime and other incidents in a much

more visual manner than was previously possible. GIS is almost universally used

within large, medium, and even small police departments. Nevertheless, the

sudden availability of large amounts of data has created problems in processingthe information for
these departments.

Over the course of a year, a large policedepartment will process hundreds of thousands of large
policedepartment will process hundreds of thousands of incidents so that visual maps by

themselves are insufficient for monitoring the levels of crime in a jurisdiction. Theamount of information
that is now documented by a crime mapping GIS system isenormous.Hence, there is a strong need for
statistical and other analytical tools that cansummarize and assess the important trends in the data.

CrimeStat is one of thetools that was developed to allow this processing to occur. It is clearly not the
onlytool that conducts spatial analysis of crime incidents. But, it is an important tool that been used by
crime analysts,criminal justice researchers, and even researchers from other fields. Over the years,we
have expanded the program to incorporate more needs as these have beenarticulated by users and law
enforcement personnel in general. After three versions,the program has developed way beyond the
original concept. In some ways, it is an exploration as new needs are emerging all the time andwe run to
keep up with these trends. In this sense, spatial statistics is, in itself, an

emerging field.

While the statistics impose a certain structure on the data,examining some aspects of spatial relations
and not others, the statistics themselvesare being created by the emerging needs of users. The
researchers need to keepabreast of the explorations of the analysts, while the reverse is also true.

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