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AIRCOVE - Cooling Load Calculation

Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1. Sensible heat load = 110 kW 2. Latent heat load = Rate of moisture removal x Latent heat of vaporization = 50 kg/hr x 2450 kJ/kg = 122.5 kW 3. Supply air temperature = 18°C 4. Room conditions: 25°C DB, 19°C WB 5. Using psychrometric chart: - Room air humidity ratio = 0.0115 kg/kg dry air - Enthalpy at room conditions = 45.5 kJ/kg dry air 6. Energy balance: Sensible load = Mass flow rate x Cp x (Supply air temp -

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105 views37 pages

AIRCOVE - Cooling Load Calculation

Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1. Sensible heat load = 110 kW 2. Latent heat load = Rate of moisture removal x Latent heat of vaporization = 50 kg/hr x 2450 kJ/kg = 122.5 kW 3. Supply air temperature = 18°C 4. Room conditions: 25°C DB, 19°C WB 5. Using psychrometric chart: - Room air humidity ratio = 0.0115 kg/kg dry air - Enthalpy at room conditions = 45.5 kJ/kg dry air 6. Energy balance: Sensible load = Mass flow rate x Cp x (Supply air temp -

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Sol S.
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AIRCOVE

Cooling Load Calculation


Procedure in designing a
Summer AC Plant
1. Select the inside design conditions.
2. Determine the outside design conditions.
3. Determine the ventilation requirements of
the space to be served.
4. Estimate the maximum sensible heat gain
and maximum latent heat gain in the space
which are to be served.
Procedure in designing a
Summer AC Plant
5. Study the layout and uses of space
served and decide upon the most
practicable method of zoning, the number
of zones required and the rooms to be
served bye ach zone.
6. Select the equipment and design the
duct work
Heat Sources for Cooling Load
Sensible Heat Gains in Space
• Heat transmission to the structures
or to barriers such as doors, floors,
windows, ceilings and partitions
existing on the two sides of the
structures.
Sensible Heat Gains in Space
• Heat from solar effect under these:
–Transmitted by radiation through
glass and absorbed by inside surfaces
and furnishings
–Absorbed by walls and roofs exposed
to sun rays and transferred to the
inside
Sensible Heat Gains in Space
• Heat introduced with infiltration air or air
leakage into the space
• Heat load from occupants in the space
• Heat load from machines, appliances, lights
and combustion equipment
• Heat to be extracted from materials and
products brought in at higher temperature
than the room temperature
Sensible Heat Gains in Space
Sensible Heat Gain in Space
Latent Heat Gains in the Space
• Infiltration by air leakage and by vapor
pressure difference
• Moisture from occupants
• Moisture from internal sources such as wet
surfaces, combustion equipment and other
appliances
• Moisture from material such as product in
the space
Outside Ventilation Air
• Sensible heat gain due to
temperature difference
• latent heat gain due to moisture
difference
Miscellaneous

• Supply duct heat gain


• Supply duct air leakage
• Supply from power input
Ventilation Standards
Consider 100% fresh air supplied to
the room
Psychrometric Chart for 100% fresh air
100% fresh air
Let QS = sensible heat
QL = latent heat
QS = mscp(tr - ts)
QL = ms(ωr - ωs)(hfg)
ms = mass flow rate of supply air, kg/s
cp = specific heat of air = 1.0062 KJ/kg-K
ts = temperature of the supply air
ωs = specific humidity of the supply air
tr = room air temperature
ωr = specific humidity of the room air
hfg = 2454 KJ/kg
∆M = amount of moisture removed from the air
= mo(ωo - ω1)
Refrigerating capacity = mo(ho - h1)
Airconditioning Load = QS + QL
Refrigeration Load = Airconditioning Load +
Ventilation Load
Ventilation Load = mo(ho - hr)
With Recirculation
Psychrometric Chart with recirculation
With By-Pass Factor
By mass balance: my + md = ms
By energy balance:
myDBTy + mdDBTd + = msDBTs
myDBTy + (ms - my)DBTd + = msDBTs
my DBTs− DBTd
=
ms DBTy−DBTd
Problem
• In an air-conditioning unit, 3.5 m3/s of air at
30oC DB, 50% RH, and standard atmospheric
pressure, enters the unit. The leaving
conditions of the air are 15oC DB and 90%
RH. Calculate:
– The refrigerating capacity
– The rate of water removal from the air, kg/s
Figure
Psychrometric Chart
Solution
From Psychrometric Chart:
ω1 = 0.0133 kg/kgda
ω2 = 0.0096 kg/kgda
h1 = 64.21 KJ/kgda
h2 = 39.28 KJ/kgda
v1 = 0.877 m3/kgda
Solution
a) Refrigerating Capacity (RC)
RC = ma (h1 – h2)
= ( 3.5/0.877)(64.21 – 39.28)
= 99.5 kw
b) ∆M = Rate of water removal
= ma (ω1 - ω2)
= (3.5/0.877) (0.0133 – 0.0096)
= 0.015 kg/s
Problem
• In an air – conditioned room, the sensible heat
load is 20 KW and the latent heat load is
10KW. Outside air is at 30oC and 50% RH.
The room is to be maintained at 20oC DB and
15oC WB. 100% outside air is supplied with
reheater to satisfy the space conditions. Supply
air temperature is 17oC. Determine:
– The refrigeration load
– The capacity of the supply fan
– The heat supplied to the reheater.
Figure
Psychrometric Chart
Solution
Given: QS = 20 Kw
QL = 10 Kw
From Psychrometric Chart:
outside air at 30oC and RH = 50%
ωo = 0.0133 kg/kgda
ho = 64.21 KJ/kgda
vo = 0.877 m3/kgda
Solution
Recirculated air:
ωr = 0.00851 kg/kgda
hr = 41.72 KJ/kgda

From: QS = mscp(tr - ts)


20 = ms (1.0062)(20 – 17)
ms = 6.63 kg/s
Solution
QL = ms(ωr - ωs)(hfg)
10 = 6.63 (0.00851 - ωs) (2454)
ωs = 0.0078954 kg/kgda
For state point s:
ts = 17o C and ωs = 0.0078954 kg/kgda
vs = 0.8321 m3/kgda
hs = 37.11 KJ/kgda
Solution
State point 1
ω1 = ωs = 0.0078954 kg/kgda
RH = 100%
t1 = 10.44oC
h1 = 30.4 KJ/kgda
Solution
a) Refrigeration Load = AC load+Ventilation Load
AC Load = QS + QL
= 20 + 10
= 30 Kw
Ventilation Load = mo (ho -hr)
= 6.63(64.21 – 41.72)
= 149.1 Kw
Ref. Load = 179.1 Kw
Solution
b) Vs = supply fan capacity
= ms vs
= (6.63) (0.8321)
= 5.52 m3/s
c. QR = heat supplied to the reheater
= ms (hs –h1)
= 6.63 (37.11 – 30.4)
= 44.5 Kw
Problem
• An auditorium is to be maintained at a
temperature of 25oC DB and 19oC WB. The
sensible heat load is 110 kw and 50 kg/hr of
moisture must be removed. Air is supplied to
the auditorium at 18oC. Determine:
– The mass flow rate of the supply air;
– The relative humidity of the supply air;
– The dew point and WB temperature of the supply air
– The latent heat and the SHR

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