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Finite Element Procedures For Solids and Structures Linear Analysis

This document provides an introduction and overview of a video course on finite element procedures for linear analysis of solids and structures. The course objectives are to introduce modern and effective finite element methods and formulations for linear analysis, including implementation in computer programs. The first lecture covers basic concepts of engineering analysis, including discrete and continuous systems, problem types, and variational formulations. Examples of applying analysis to problems like a cooling tower, dam, and tire inflation are provided.

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Ratha Than
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184 views11 pages

Finite Element Procedures For Solids and Structures Linear Analysis

This document provides an introduction and overview of a video course on finite element procedures for linear analysis of solids and structures. The course objectives are to introduce modern and effective finite element methods and formulations for linear analysis, including implementation in computer programs. The first lecture covers basic concepts of engineering analysis, including discrete and continuous systems, problem types, and variational formulations. Examples of applying analysis to problems like a cooling tower, dam, and tire inflation are provided.

Uploaded by

Ratha Than
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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_____tt~---

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

MIT Video COurse

Video Course Study Guide

Finite Element
Procedures for Solids
and Structures­
Linear Analysis
Klaus-JOrgen Bathe
Professor of Mechanical Engineering, MIT

Published by MIT Center for Advanced Engineering study


Reorder No 672-2100
PREFACE
The analysis of complex static and dynamic problems in­
volves in essence three stages: selection of a mathematical
model, analysis of the model, and interpretation of the results.
During recent years the finite element method implemented on
the digital computer has been used successfully in modeling
very complex problems in various areas of engineering and
has significantly increased the possibilities for safe and cost­
effective design. However, the efficient use of the method is
only possible if the basic assumptions of the procedures
employed are known, and the method can be exercised
confidently on the computer.
The objective in this course is to summarize modern and
effective finite element procedures for the linear analyses of
static and dynamic problems. The material discussed in the
lectures includes the basic finite element formulations em­
ployed, the effective implementation of these formulations in
computer programs, and recommendations on the actual use
of the methods in engineering practice. The course is intended
for practicing engineers and scientists who want to solve prob­
lems using modem and efficient finite element methods.
Finite element procedures for the nonlinear analysis of
structures are presented in the follow-up course, Finite Element
Procedures for Solids and Structures - Nonlinear Analysis.
In this study guide short descriptions of the lectures and
the viewgraphs used in the lecture presentations are given.
Below the short description of each lecture, reference is made
to the accompanying textbook for the course: Finite Element
Procedures in Engineering Analysis, by K.J. Bathe, Prentice­
Hall, Inc., 1982.
The textbook sections and examples, listed below the
short description of each lecture, provide important reading
and study material to the course.
Contents

Lectures

l. Some basic concepts of engineering analysis 1-1

2. Analysis of continuous systems; differential and


variational formulations 2-1

3. Formulation of the displacement-based finite element method_ 3-1

4. Generalized coordinate finite element models 4-1

5. Implementation of methods in computer programs;


examples SAp, ADINA 5-1

6. Formulation and calculation of isoparametric models 6-1

7. Formulation of structural elements 7-1

8. Numerical integrations, modeling considerations 8-1

9. Solution of finite element equilibrium


equations in static analysis 9-1

10. Solution of finite element equilibrium


equations in dynamic analysis 10-1

1l. Mode superposition analysis; time history 11-1

12. Solution methods for calculations of


frequencies and mode shapes 12-1
SOME BASIC
CONCEPTS OF
ENGINEERING
ANALYSIS

LECTURE 1
46 MINUTES

I-I
SolIe basic ccnacepls of eugiDeeriDg ualysis

LECTURE 1 Introduction to the course. objective of lectures


Some basic concepts of engineering analysis.
discrete and continuous systems. problem
types: steady-state. propagation and eigen­
value problems

Analysis of discrete systems: example analysis of


a spring system

Basic solution requirements

Use and explanation of the modern direct stiff­


ness method

Variational formulation

TEXTBOOK: Sections: 3.1 and 3.2.1. 3.2.2. 3.2.3. 3.2.4


Examples: 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. 3.5. 3.6. 3.7. 3.8. 3.9.
3.10. 3.11. 3.12. 3.13. 3.14

1-2
Some basic concepts 01 engineering aulysis

INTRODUCTION TO LINEAR
ANALYSIS OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES

• The finite element method is now


widely used for analysis of structural
engineering problems.

• 'n civil, aeronautical, mechanical,


ocean, mining, nuclear, biomechani­
cal,... engineering

• Since the first applications two


decades ago,

- we now see applications


in linear, nonlinear, static
and dynamic analysis.
- various computer programs
are available and in significant
use

My objective in this set of


lectures is:

• to introduce to you finite - the calculation of finite


element methods for the element matrices
linear analysis of solids
and structures. - methods for solution of the
["Iinear" meaning infinitesi­ governing equations
mally small displacements and
linear elastic material proeer­ - computer implementations
ties (Hooke's law applies)j
.to discuss modern and effective
• to consider techniques, and their practical
usage.
- the formulation of the finite
element equilibrium equations

1·3
Some basic concepts of engineering analysis
REMARKS

• Emphasis is given to physical


explanations rather than mathe­
matical derivations

• Techniques discussed are those


employed in the computer pro­
grams

SAP and ADINA


SAP == Structural Analysis Program
ADINA =Automatic Dynamic
Incremental Nonlinear Analysis

• These few lectures represent a very


brief and compact introduction to
the field of finite element analysis

• We shall follow quite closely


certain sections in the book
Finite Element Procedures
in Engineering Analysis,
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
(by K.J. Bathe).

Finite Element Solution Process

Physical problem

Establish finite element


... - - ~ model of physical
problem

Revise (refine)
the model?
I
1
: I,-__S_ol_v_e_th_e_m_o_d_el_ _
I ~
~- - - iL-_I_n_te_r.;..p_re_t_t_h_e_re_s_u_lt_S_....J

1-4
SolIe basic concepts of engiDeering analysis

10 ft
15 ft

I,. 12 at 15°

Analysis of cooling tower.

K~~~~~-~,-Fault
\\(no restraint assumed)

Altered' grit
.,
E= toEc

Analysis of dam.

1·5
Some basic concepts of engineering analysis

B .
t­
W
o

E~~;;C=-------_ ....
F
Finite element mesh for tire
inflation analysis.

1·6
SolDe basic concepts of engineering analysis

Segment of a spherical cover of a


laser vacuum target chamber.

l,W

PINCHED CYLINDRICAL
p SHELL

-0.2 • 16x 16 MESH OD;:...,...----.---~~~~~~C


Mil EtW -50
""= 0.1 P- 100

-150 • 16x 16 MESH

~ C -200 -
BENDING MOMENT DISTRIBUTION ALONG DC OF DISPLACEMENT DISTRIBUTION ALONG DC OF
PINCHED CYLINDRICAL SHELL PINCHED CYLINDRICAL SHELL

1-7
SoBle basic concepts 01 engineering analysis

IFinite element idealization of wind


tunnel for dynamic analysis

SOME BASIC CONCEPTS


OF ENGINEERING
ANALYSIS

The analysis of an engineering


system requires:

- idealization of system

- formulation of equili­
brium equations

- solution of equations

- interpretation of results

1·8

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