CHAPTER 1

POWER DEMAND CALCULATION

1.1. FEATURES OF FACILITY
Main features of facility:
- Information about the location of the facility
- Length, wide, height (m)
- Area (m2)
- Environment temperature (oC).
- Environment type: Dirty/Normal/Clean
- Product of facility.
- Number of working shifts.
- Other requirements if any
1.2. DEVICE SPECIFICATIONS AND PLAN LAYOUT OF FACILITY:
- List of facility load.
- Plan layout of facility and machine layout
1.3. CLASSIFYING THE LOAD GROUP
The subgroup load is based on the following factors:
- Devices in the same group should have the same function.
- The devices in the group are arranged close to each other
- The device groups with nearly equal power capacity
- The load current of each device group is close to that of the standard Circuit
breaker
- The number of device groups should not be too much (depending on the size of
the facility).
1.4. ESTIMATION OF ACTUAL MAXIMUM KVA DEMAND OF FACILITY
Factors Ku and Ks allow the determination of the maximum power and apparent-
power demands actually required to dimension the installation.
Here: Ku - Factor of maximum utilization, Ks- Coincidence factor.
See eBook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
A18-A21.
1.5. ESTIMATION OF LIGHTING ACTUAL KVA DEMAND
 The lighting actual kVA demand can be determined by the estimated method.
See eBook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
A18.
Plighting = po.F (W, kW)
Plightting
Qlighting = cosϕ s (Var, kVar)
Slighting= √ P2lighting +Q 2lighting (VA, kVA)

cos ϕ = 0.5 (Fluorescent lamps uncompensated)

cos ϕ =1 (Incandescent lamps)
cos ϕ =0,6 (Discharge lamps uncompensated) and (0.8:Discharge lamps
compensated)
cos ϕ = 0,93 (Fluorescent lamps compensated)
Or :

Slighting = so.F (VA, kVA)

1.6- ESTIMATION OF THE TOTAL ACTUAL KVA DEMAND OF FACILITY
PF = Ppowerl+ Plighting
QF = Qpower + Qlighting

SF= √ P 2Fr +Q2F

Or:
S F=K s ∑ n K ui S i
i =¿ ¿

Where:SF is the total actual kVA of Facility.

See ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
A21.
1.7- DETERMINING THE LOCATION OF DISTRIBUTION BOARD FOR EACH
GROUP
The location of distribution board for each group depends on the following factors
- Distrubution board are located near the center of the load;
- Convenient for viewing the whole group of machines or the whole facility;
- Do not obstruct walkways;
- Near the doors;
- Good ventilation.
 CHAPTER 2

CHOICE OF POWER-SUPPLY SOURCES

2.1. CHOICE OF NUMBER ANG RATING POWER OF TRANSFORMER
1. Choice the number of transformer
 N=1, for type 3 households
 N>1, for type 1, 2 households
See ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
D16.
2. Choice the rating power of transformer
 For type 3 households
ST≥SF
 For type 1, 2 households
SF
ST ≥
1,3 ( N−1)
See ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
A22.
3. Choice the connection diagram of Substation
See ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
B24-B28.
4. Choice MV equipment of MV/LV Substation
 Choice FCO/LB-FCO or MV Circuit Breakker
 Choice MV-LA
See textbook “Electrical Power Supply”
5. Choice the replacement power source
In industry, usually the backup source is the generator set.
SG≤SF.
See ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” D20-
D21.
 Chapter 3

THE CONNECTION DIAGRAM

AND WIRING PLAN
3.1. REQUIREMENT OF CONNECTION DIAGRAM
- Ensuring power quality;
- Ensuring continuous power supply as required by the load;
- Safety in operation;
- Flexible when having trouble and convenient to repair;
- The wiring diagram is simple and clear.
3.2. TYPES OF CONNECTION DIAGRAM
1. Radial branched distribution
- Cable is usually used to supply power to the load;
- From main distribution board to distribution board, radial branched distribution
is often used;
- From distribution board to devices that often use radial diagrams for big power
equipment and branching diagrams for small power equipment;
- The branches from the distribution board should not be too much (n<10) and the
loads of these branches are of nearly equal capacity;.
- When assigning load capacity to branches, attention should be paid to the rated
current of standard CBs (6, 10, 20, 32, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100,125A);
- For load type 1, radial diagrams should only be used.
2. Busways for final distribution
For offices, laboratories and all modular premises subject to frequent rearrangements.
Specific advantages: A flexible, attractive and easily installed solution for final
distribution in locations where partitioning may change according to consumers
requirements.
 See textbook “Electrical Power Supply”

3.3. CHOOSE THE TYPE OF CABLE

 XLPE/PVC Cable: From EMSB to MDB;
 PVC/PVC Cable: From MDB to DB
 PVC Cable: From DB to device
3.4. CHOOSE THE DISTRIBUTION BOARD
1. Type of Distribution Board
 EMSB: Electrical Main Switch Boad
 MDB: Main Distribution Board
 DB: Distribution Board
2. Structure and selection of Distribution Board
See ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
E15-E24.
3.5. BUILDING THE PRINCIPLE CONNECTION DIAGRAM
3.6. BUILDING THE PLAN LAYOUT CONNECTION DIAGRAM
 CHAPTER 4
SIZING AND PROTECTION OF CONDUCTORS
4.1. General
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” G5)
1. Practical method for determining the smallest allowable cross-sectional area of circuit
conductors
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” G7)
2. General method for cables
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” G7)
3. Recommended simplified approach for cables
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” G15)
4. Sizing of busbar trunking systems
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” G17)
4.2. Select Power Cable
1. Select cable type
- Cooper Cable, 1C/2C/3C/4C
- XLPE/PVC isulation, 1C, for cable from EMSB to MDB;
- PVC/PVC isulation, 1C, for cable from MDB to DB;
- PVC isulation, 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C from DB to load.
2. Select of Installation Method
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
G8&-G9, G12- G14)
3. Select Cross Sectional Area of Circuit Conductor
IB
IZ ¿ K
- IZ : Current carrying capacity of the cable in the reference installation method (A),
or Rated Current of Circuit Breaker which can protect cable.
- K: Correction factor depends on the installation method.
 (see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
G10- G16)

4. The test conditions

a. Maximum voltage drop limit
Δ U% ¿ 5% Un (TCVN 9206-2012_
(see also ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international
standards” G19).
∆ U =√ 3 I B (Rcos+Xsin)L
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
G20).
b. Minimum cross sectional area of cable
F≥Fmin (TCVN 9207-2012)
Where: F is the cross sectional area of cable; Fmin the minimum permitted cross
sectional area of cable
c. The thermal constraints of the circuit cable
F ≥ I sc √ t sc / K
Where: Isc is the short circuit current; tsc is short circuit time (Cutting time of proteted
devices, such as CB, Fuse); K is a factor depending of the cable conductor material.
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
G30, G33).
d. The maximum length of cable
L≤Lmax
Where: L is the length of cable; Lmax is the maximum permitted length of cable
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
G31, G32).
 CHAPTER 5
CHOICE OF CIRCUIT BREAKER AND
DISTRIBUTION BOARD

5.1. Functions of Circuit Breaker

(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
H11).
5.2. Characteristics of a circuit breaker
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
H13).
5.3. Selection of a circuit breaker
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
H18).
5.4. Types of distribution switchboards
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
E15).
5.5. Form of distribution switchboards
(see ebook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards”
E21).
5.6. Selection of distribution switchboards
Selection Conditions:
 Type of distribution board: EMSB, MDB, DB.
 Form of distribution board: Form 1, Form 2, Form 3, Form 4.
 Material: Metallic or thermal plastic
 Degree of protection: IP
 Operating Voltage:1–3 phases, 220/380VAC
 Number of circuits:
* Incoming: MCB, ELCB, 1P, 2P, 3P
 * Outgoing: MCB, ELCB, 1P, 2P, 3P
 Capacity: No. of pole
 Standard accessories: Comb busbar, N bar, E bar and name plate.

THE TYPICAL SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM OF POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM

FOR FACILITY

DT

MCCB

MDB

MCCB MCCB MCCB MCCB

MCCB MCCB MCCB MCCB

DB1 DB2 DB3 DLB

MCB MCB MCB MCB MCB MCB MCB MCB

M M M M M M M

MDB (Main Distribution Board): Tủ phân phối chính.

DB (Distribution Board): Tủ động lực.
MCCB (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker).
MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker).
DT (Distribution Transformer): Máy biến áp.
DLB (Distribution Lighting Board): Tủ chiếu sáng
 CHAPTER 6
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
AND GROUNDING SYSTEM DESIGN
6.1. Principle of lightning protection
(See eBook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” J8-J11;
NFC 17-102:2013, TCVN 9385:2012).
6.2. Design of the electrical installation protection system
(See eBook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” J13-J23,
“Electrical safety curriculum”, chapter 7).
6.3. Design lightning protection system for facility
(See related documents on website www.quyenhuyanh.com)
6.4. Earthing schemes
(See eBook “Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards” E11-E
13, “Electrical safety curriculum”, chapter 3).
6.5. Design grounding system for facility
(See related documents on website www.quyenhuyanh.com)
 CHAPTER 7
BILL OF QUANLITY

REFERENCE

1. Group Schneider, Electrical Installation Guide According to IEC international standards,

2018.
2. Quyen Huy Anh,“CAD in Electrical Engineering”, HCM city National Publisher
2008.
3. Quyen Huy Anh, “Handbook of electrical design, according to recent standards”,
UTE, 2018, T1, T2.
4. Related documents on website: www.quyenhuyanh.com.
5. TCVN 9206:2012
6. TCVN 9207:2012.