International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 4 Issue 1, Jan – Feb 2018

RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

A REVIEW PAPER ON HOME AUTOMATION

1
Nikita Baidya , 2Prem Kumar S
1Final Year UG Student, B.Tech ECE, DR.B.R.Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Port Blair
2Technical Analyst, Sovtech, Dbrait Campus, Port Blair.

Abstract:
Automation of a device has a wide scope for this Generation as well as in forthcoming generation. In this
wide scope, Mobile communication technology is playing a major role in the world of automation. This article is
fully based on low cost and reliable home control monitoring system for accessing and controlling devices and
appliances remotely using Android based Smart phone application. While using this technology the system
improves the living standard at home, reduces human effort, energy efficient and time saving and thus make a
smart home .And also it was very helpful for providing support to disabled people and fulfil their needs in home
and thus they leads a normal life. The proposed systems consist of android mobile, Arduino Uno board, Wi-Fi
module and a relay circuit. We are using Wi-Fi technology to monitor the device because of its accuracy, high
range and instant connectivity. This module controls the home appliances with a very ease of installation and it is
user friendly.

Keywords — Automation, Android, Wi-Fi module.

I. INTRODUCTION: This paper will provide the future access

to control the various home appliances with the
Home automation is become more help of android smart phone.
beneficial because of its safety and security. A. HOME AUTOMATION:
Nowadays, home automation became more Home Automation is a unique system
advance and precise to monitor all the home that can control and establish communication
appliances. Home automation system become between nearly all aspects of your house. [1]
energy efficient and highly approachable smart Home Automation is a term used to describe the
home technique. It involves basic features to working together of all household amenities and
maintain the user satisfaction and comfort. [3] appliances. For example, a centrally-
This proposed system is a precise combination of microcontroller panel can have the capability to
Android smart phone and embedded system control everything from heating, air
which include Arduino Uno Board, Wi-Fi conditioning, security system, lighting and
module and Relay circuit.[4] overall electrical appliances. [3] Home
In this paper, we used a Wi-Fi wireless automation can include controlling aspects of
technology to monitor the device. An android our home remotely through a computer or any
application is installed in a mobile device i.e. mobile equipment, programming electronics
android smart phone and it has inbuilt switch devices to respond automatically to some
interface of all the appliances separately in it. conditions or scenarios or centralizing the
Through which all the respective devices can be control of a variety of appliances in our home
control and monitor individually. into a single control center. For example,
The Wi-Fi module receives the command Control of lights in and around our house from
from mobile phone and passes to relay circuit. As one central location so there is no need to get
per the given signal from the user, the relay out of to that place or go to downstairs if we
circuit switched ON/OFF the respective devices. forgot to turn OFF or ON any appliances, just
The main purpose of using Wi-Fi wireless we can control remotely. [5]
technology is to provide a greater extent to range It is essential that the different
and better feasibility.[2] controllable appliances be interconnected and

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 International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 4 Issue 1, Jan – Feb 2018

communicates with each other. The main purpose mentioned the advantages of the home
of Home automation is to control or monitor automation, which not only reduces the human
signals from different appliances, or basic efforts, but it is also energy efficient and time
services. A smart phone or web browser can be saving. Moreover, they have included that it is
used to control or monitor the home automation also help to the handicapped and old aged people
system.[1] to control the home appliance without any
II. LITERATURE SURVEY: difficulties.
A.IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNET OF THINGS We need module so that the range will be
FOR HOME AUTOMATION: high as well as it can operate in different
Mamata Khatu, Neethu Kaimal, Pratik frequencies.
Jadhav and Syedali Adnan Rizvi [1] they This drawback is overcome by our
presented a paper on the implementation of model.Wi-Fi based networks work at 2.4, 3.6 and
Internet of things for home automation. This 5 GHz. In addition, it can extend up to range
paper mainly focused on IoT coverage that 100m.
connects all the variety of objects like smart C. HAND GESTURE BASED HOME AUTOMATION
phone, tablets, digital cameras and sensors in the FOR VISUALLY CHALLENGED:
internet and thus provides many services and Smitha M, T.Ayesha Rumana and Sutha P
huge amount of data and information. They also [3] published a paper entitled Hand gesture based
focused on Cloud computing, Cloud based Home Automation for Visually Challenged
platform help to connect the things that surrounds People. They have designed a device for the
as so that we can easily access anything at any visually challenged people to help them to
time and in any place. They have illustrated operating the home appliances. They have used
sensing as a service on cloud by using certain MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems)
application like Augmented Reality, Agriculture, accelerometer which is used to sense the
Environment monitoring etc. and finally they accelerations of a hand in corresponding three
have proposed a prototype model for providing perpendicular direction that is (x y z) and thus
sensing as a service on cloud. transmit the signal to wireless protocol using
The society need new and scalable, Radio frequency. The gesture templates were
compatible and secure solutions for both the stored in a microcontroller at the receiver end.
management of the ever broader complexly The received gesture and the hand gesture were
networked Internet of Things. compared by the templates. If the corresponding
Security concern is overcome by this gesture were matched with the templates then
model since we are using Wi-Fi Wireless accordingly home appliances were controlled. In
Equivalent Privacy (WEP) and Wi-Fi Protected addition, these devices were help for the old aged
Access (WPA) are two most used security person too.
accesses used in Wi-Fi Since they have used four types of gesture
B. BLUETOOTH BASED WIRELESS HOME and stored in the microcontroller and it processed
AUTOMATION further. However, we need the system to be
SYSTEM USING FPGA:
automated without the use of gesture.
B.Murali Krishna, V.Narasimha Nayak,
We do not need the gesture to be stored in
K.Ravi Kishore Reddy, B.Rakesh, P.Manoj
the controller. Nowadays, the application can be
Kumar and N.Sandhya [2] they presented a paper
used by any means of people by the option
on the Bluetooth based Wireless Home
“TALKBACK” in the android application.
automation system using FPGA.They primarily D. HOME AUTOMATION USING ATmega328
focused on Bluetooth technology. With the help MICROCONTROLLER AND ANDROID
of the Bluetooth module (HC-05) and Android APPLICATION:
Phone, they control the home appliances, which S.Anusha, M.Madhavi and R.Hemalatha
all connected to FPGA board. Thus, they have [4] presented a paper on Home automation using

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 International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 4 Issue 1, Jan – Feb 2018

AT mega Microcontroller and Android 1. Main Controller

application. In this paper they have describe the 2. Interfaces
design and development of a remote household 3. Control methods
appliance control system using the ATmega328
microcontroller and android mobile through A. MAIN AUTOMATION CONTROLLER:
GSM technology. In addition, this appliances 1) ARDUINO UNO BOARD
The 8-bit AT mega 328P microcontroller based
remotely using the SMS-based system that on Arduino UNO is used in this proposal is to control the
satisfying user needs and requirements. Thus, all different components like Wi-Fi module and relay circuit
electrical household appliances can be controlled networks. The advantage to having a separate controller is
by sending a text message from an Android to focus only on the desired task.
mobile. 2) INTERFACES:
An Interface is the way we interact with the Home
For Controlling, the remote appliances automation controller. There are many types of interfaces
carried out by sending a SMS message from a like Touch Panels, Keypads, Remotes, Mobile Devices and
mobile phone, which again congestion process Internet.
and make system, complicated for the disabled In this proposal, we used a Mobile device
persons. (Android smart phone).Nowadays it is a very common
device for every user. We need to install an appliance
Here, we does not carry out this controller application in it. In addition, within the mobile
technique, we are using simple open source interface it can be able to control all the respected
android application through Wi-Fi we can appliances of the home.
directly control the entire appliance with a greater Wouldn't it be nice to be upstairs, pull out your
extent. Thus, intend to be a reliable method. mobile phone, and turn off all the lights in your house with
E. E-MAIL INTERACTIVE HOME AUTOMATION the press of a button right before you go to bed?
SYSTEM: 3) CONTROL METHODS:
We now have a controller, interfaces to interact
Sirisilla Manohar and D.Mahesh Kumar with the controller, and sensors that tell the controller what
[5] presented a paper on E-mail interactive Home things are occurring in the house.
automation system. They have enlighten on a Controllers can communicate and control the many
basic home automation application on the public different parts of a Home Automation System in a variety
domain through the subject of E-mail ID.The of ways. Some of these are IP (Internet Protocol sp), Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth, Zig-bee, IR, Serial Data, and Relays (for
switching action were done by LED indication.
motorization).
They provide a basic application of home
automation using GVT app, which can be easily B. Wi-Fi technology:
implemented and used as efficiently. The coding Wi-Fi is a great option when you cannot
which they provide is generic and flexible in get Ethernet wiring to desired locations. It is a
user-friendly manner and can be controlled in any good medium for communicating to different
application like power control, surveillance etc locations in the house, and will allow large bits of
easily. In addition, all the results were generated information to be passed back and forth with no
by a series of E-mail sent to the user of G-mail wires. It is always best if we can get a wire to the
account. location you are trying to control, but sometimes
For each and every interrupts one email this is not possible or would be cost prohibitive.
will generated and will send to the user of the G-
mail account, which again a tedious process. Advantage of using Wi-Fi technology:
We can easily control the appliances
• Equipment can be placed almost
instead of going through such process. anywhere
• No unsightly cords running through
III.PROPOSED SCHEME:
your home
Home Automation usually is comprised
of three main parts: • No need for additional Ethernet output
• Provide wide range and more efficient

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 International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 4 Issue 1, Jan – Feb 2018

IV.PROPOSED BLOCK DIAGRAM: has a capability of handling seven different relays

at a time. A single Darlington pair consists of two
bipolar transistors and operates in the range of
500mA and 600mA.

V. IMPLEMENTATION:
For the implementation of our model,
firstly we had developed a Webpage and tested
successfully. The flow model for the control of
appliances with a Webpage was given below:

Figure 1
ARDIUNO CONTROLLER
W5100 ETHERNET CHIP

In this system, we are going to make a home

SERVER
automation system using ESP8266 Wi-Fi module
and Arduino Uno Controller R3. With the help of
these modules, we will be able to control lights, RELAY DRIVER
electric fan and other home appliances through a
Wi-Fi application using our Android Smart DEVICE1 DEVICE3

phone. All the appliances will be connected to DEVICE2

relays, which are controlled by the Arduino.

ESP8266 and Arduino
together act as a web Server and it will send Figure 2
control commands through the mobile application
i.e., android software.
This complete system has two parts. One is web
We are implementing with
page to control and other is the appliance to be
the help of ESP8266 Wifi Module, as it is a self-
controlled like motor, bulb etc.
contained SoC with integration of TCP/IP stack,
The web page consists of the login page,
which may help any microcontroller having
which is used for authentication of a particular
UART to access a Wi-Fi network. It can act as
appliance to particular user. Once we logged into
both Wi-Fi access point as well as a Wi-Fi client.
it we can control the particular device, which is
It is pre-programmed with AT commands, so we
associated to that user.
can easily access and configure it using a
The Ethernet shield allows an Arduino
microcontroller. First, we can connect ESP8266
Board to connect to the Internet. It is based on the
with Arduino Uno. The ESP8266 runs on 3.3V, it
Wiz net W5100 Ethernet chip. In addition, the
may damage if you connect it directly to 5V from
W5100 Ethernet shield uses the Ethernet library.
Arduino. Now we can connect relays to Arduino. A. Proposed System Implementation:
Here a ULN IC is connected which is used as
relay driver. Then all the AC devices are 1. Start
connected to relay output to ON/OFF the AC 2. System will be initialized.
devices. 3. Initially all control devices will be OFF after
power-on.
A. ULN IC: 4. Wi-Fi module will be initialized.
It is a relay driver IC and it is a Darlington 5. Open mobile application on Android smart
array having high voltages and high currents. It is phone.
made up of seven open collector Darlington pairs 6. Establish connection between Wi-Fi module
having common emitter which show ULN2003 and mobile application on Android Smart phone.

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 International Journal of Engineering and Techniques - Volume 4 Issue 1, Jan – Feb 2018

7. Waiting for control command to be received 2. B. Murali krishna, Narasimaha Nayak, Ravi
from Android mobile application. kishore Reddy, B.Rakesh,P. Manoj kumar,
8. Send control command (ON/OFF device) from N.Sandhya, “Bluetooth based Wireless home
Android mobile application. automation system using FPGA” , Journal of
9. Check received control command format. Theoretical and Applied Information
10. If received command is “ON” then turn ON Technology,31st July 2015,Vol-77 No.3.
the particular Device. 3.Smitha.M, T. Ayesha Rumana, Sutha.P, “Hand
11. If received command is “OFF” then turn OFF gesture based home automation for visually
the particular Device. challenged”, International journal of innovations
12. Stop. in engineering research and technology, Volume
2, Issue 4, Apr.-2015.
VI. APPLICATION: 4.Sirisilla Manohar,D. Mahesh Kumar, “Email
interactive home automation system”,
• Lighting control system IJCSMC, Vol. 4, Issue. 7, July 2015, pg.78 – 87 .
• Heating ventilation and air 5. Mrs. Latha A.P., Agarwal, Rishabh Rajgarhia,
conditioning(HVAC) Shashank Sinha,Nafiya Monis, “Home
• Appliance control with a smart automation using Android application and
grid Predictive Behaviour Implementation”,
• Indoor positioning systems International Journal of Engineering and
• Home automation for elderly and Techniques - Volume 1 Issue 3, May - June 2015.
disabled people 6. Shirisha Tadoju ,J.Mahesh, “Bluetooth
Remote Home Automation System using
VII. CONCLUSION: Android Application", International Journal of
Today, Android is the world’s powerful Advanced Technology and Innovative
mobile platform open source operating system to Research,Vol.07,Issue 10,August 2015.
fit easily whatever the functionality we had in our 7. Mukesh kumar,Shimi S.L, “Voice
mind. This article is about wireless home recognition Based Home Automation System
automation using Android mobile helps you to for Paralyzed People", International Journal of
implement such a fantastic system in our home at advanced Research in Electronics and
a very reasonable price using cost-effective Communication Engineering, Volume 4,Issue
devices. Thus, it overcomes many problems like 10,October 2015.
costs, inflexibility, security etc. In addition, will
provide greater advantages like it decrease our Author’s Profile:
energy costs, it improves home security. In
addition, it is very convenient to use and will
improve the comfort of our home. Nikita Baidya presently
pursuing her Under
8. REFERNCES: graduation final year in the
1. Mamata Khatu, Neethu Kaimal, Pratik Jadhav, Stream Electronics and
Syedali Adnan Rizvi, “Implementation of Communication Engineering
Internet of Things for Home Automation”, from Dr.B.R.Ambedkar
International Journal of Emerging Engineering Institute of Technology, Port
Research and Technology , Volume 3, Issue 2, Blair affiliated to
February 2015 . Pondicherry University. Her
area of interest are in Internet of things, Cloud
Computing, Computer networks.

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