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OC3140 HW/Lab 7 Estimation: of METOC Mean and Variability

This document provides solutions to 5 problems related to calculating confidence intervals from sample data. The problems involve determining 95% and 99% confidence intervals for a population mean (problem 1), calculating the necessary sample size to estimate a population mean within 0.5°C at 95% confidence (problem 2), constructing a 98% confidence interval for a population mean height from sample data (problem 3), finding a 95% confidence interval for the mean of container volumes (problem 4), and determining a 90% confidence interval for the variance of salinity measurements (problem 5).

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31 views

OC3140 HW/Lab 7 Estimation: of METOC Mean and Variability

This document provides solutions to 5 problems related to calculating confidence intervals from sample data. The problems involve determining 95% and 99% confidence intervals for a population mean (problem 1), calculating the necessary sample size to estimate a population mean within 0.5°C at 95% confidence (problem 2), constructing a 98% confidence interval for a population mean height from sample data (problem 3), finding a 95% confidence interval for the mean of container volumes (problem 4), and determining a 90% confidence interval for the variance of salinity measurements (problem 5).

Uploaded by

Stevy Cahya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OC3140

HW/Lab 7 Estimation of METOC Mean and Variability


1. The mean temperature of a random sample of 36 stations is calculated as 26o C .
Find the 95 % and 99 % confidence intervals for the population mean temperature.
Assume that the population standard deviation is 3o C .

Solution:

This is a large sample size with know STD (See Ch.6 p7-p8),


n  36 , x  26 ,   3 , L     x  z .
2 n

For

1    95% ,  0.025 ,
2

the standard normal distribution table (Ch. 3 p23) shows that

z0.025  1.96 ,

 3
L     x  z  26  (1.96  )  26  0.98 ,
2 n 36

thus,

25.02    26.98 .

The 95 % confidence interval for the population mean temperature is [25.02,


26.98] o C .

For

1    99% ,  0.005 ,
2

the standard normal distribution table (Ch. 3 p23) shows that

z0.005  2.57 ,
 3
L     x  z  26  (2.57  )  26  1.285 ,
2 n 36

thus,

24.715    27.285 .

The 99% confidence interval for the population mean temperature is


 24.715, 27.285 o C .

2. How large a sample is required in problem-1 with 95 % confident that our


estimate of  is off by less than 0.5o C ?

Solution:

n  36 , x  26 ,   3 ,

For

1    95% ,

we have

 0.025 , z0.025  1.96 .
2

From

z  0.5 ,
2 n

we have
 z 
2

n 2   138.29 .
 0.5 
 
 

The sample size must be larger than 138.

3. The heights of a random sample of 50 college students showed a mean of 174.5


centimeters and a standard deviation of 6.9 centimeters.
(a) Construct a 98% confidence interval for the mean height of all college
students.
(b) What can we assert with 98% confidence about the possible size of our error if
we estimate the mean height of all college students to be 174.5 centimeters?
Solution:
This is a large sample size but without the population STD, so the t test will be
used, n=50, x  174.5 and s  6.9 .
(a)   0.02 , t0.01  2.406 ,
s 6.9
L     x  t  174.5  (2.4  )  174.5  2.34 , 172.16    176.84
2 n 50
(b) Error=2.34

4. The contents of 7 similar containers of sulfuric acid are 9.8, 10.2, 10.4, 9.8, 10.0,
10.2, and 9.6 liters. Find a 95 % confidence interval for the mean of all such
containers, assuming an approximate normal distribution.

Solution:

This is a small sample with unknown STD. So it is base on the t distribution.


Compute as the s-statistics (Ch.6 p8-p9),

 1
n  7 , x  10 , 1    0.95 ,  0.025 , s    x  x   0.283 .
2

2 n 1

The t-distribution table (Ch.5 p17) shows that

t0.025  2.447 ,

s 0.283
L     x  t  10  (2.447  )  10  0.2617 ,
2 n 7

9.7383    10.2617 .

The interval is [9.7383, 10.2617].

5. A salinity data (in ppt) set contains: 36.4, 36.1, 35.8, 37.0, 36.1, 35.9, 35.8, 36.9,
35.2, and 36.0. Find a 90 % confidence interval for the variance of the salinity,
assuming a normal population.
Solution:

Confidence intervals of  2 follow the  2 distribution (Ch.5 p8-p12, Ch.6 p9-


p11),

1
  xi  x   0.2862
2
x  36.12 , n  10 , d . f .  n  1  9 , s 2 
n 1


1    0.9 ,  0.05 ,  2  0.05,9   16.919 ,  2  0.95,9   3.325 ,
2

 
  n  1 s  n  1 s   9  0.2862 9  0.2862 
2 2

L    
2
    0.1522, 0.7747 
 2    16.919
, ,
  3.325 
2
1
 2 2 

we have

0.1522   2  0.7747 or 0.39    0.88 .

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