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CCNA Training OSPF Tutorial 2

This document provides an overview of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. It explains that routers using OSPF establish adjacencies by sending Hello messages to discover neighbors. It also describes some key parameters in the Hello message, including the Hello interval, Dead interval, and area number. Once adjacency is established, routers exchange link state advertisements and database description packets to share routing information. The router with the higher router ID becomes the master and initiates the database synchronization process.

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111 views

CCNA Training OSPF Tutorial 2

This document provides an overview of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. It explains that routers using OSPF establish adjacencies by sending Hello messages to discover neighbors. It also describes some key parameters in the Hello message, including the Hello interval, Dead interval, and area number. Once adjacency is established, routers exchange link state advertisements and database description packets to share routing information. The router with the higher router ID becomes the master and initiates the database synchronization process.

Uploaded by

okotete evidence
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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11/1/2020 CCNA Training » OSPF Tutorial

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OSPF Tutorial
December 3rd, 2010 Go to comments

For example, R1 wants to find out if it has any neighbor running OSPF it sends a Hello message to the multicast
address 224.0.0.5. This is the multicast address for all OSPF routers and all routers running OSPF will proceed
this message.

If an OSPF router receives an OSPF Hello packet that satisfied all its requirement then it will establish
adjacency with the router that sent the Hello packet. In this example, if R1 meet R2’s requirements, meaning it
has the same Hello interval, Dead interval and AREA number, R2 will add R1 to its neighbor table.

+ Hello interval: indicates how often it sends Hello packets. By default, OSPF routers send Hello packets every
10 seconds on multiaccess and point-to-point segments and every 30 seconds on non-broadcast multiaccess
(NBMA) segments (like Frame Relay, X.25, ATM)

+ Dead interval: number of seconds this router should wait between receiving hello packets from a neighbor
before declaring the adjacency to that neighbor down

+ AREA number: the area it belongs to

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Now R1 and R2 are neighbors but they don’t exchange LSAs immediately. Instead, they sends Database
Description (DD or DBD) packets which contain an abbreviated list of the sending router’s link-state database.

The neighbors also determine who will be the master and who will be the slave. The router which higher router-
id will become master and initiates the database exchange. The receiver acknowledges a received DD packet by
sending an identical DD packet back to the sender. Each DD packet has a sequence number and only the master
can increment sequence numbers.

R1 or R2 can send Request to get missing LSA from its neighbors


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R2 sends back an LSAck packet to acknowledge the packet

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Comments (5) Comments

1. alpholove75
December 28th, 2019

Hey Dex,

Did you take your ICND1 exam on November 16, 2019 ? If yes, how was it ?

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