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DICTIONARY
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 TEACH YOURSELF BOOKS

CONCISE
SWAHILI AND ENGLISH
DICTIONARY

BERKELEY HIGH SCHOOL

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 TEACH YOURSELF BOOKS

CONCISE
SWAHILI AND
ENGLISH
DICTIONARY
Swahili-English/English-Swahili
D. V. Perrott

NTC Publishing Group

Long-renowned as the authoritative source for self-guided
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1975 U.S.A. Originally published by Hodder and Stoughton Ltd.
Copyright 1965 by D. V. Perrott.
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 PREFACE
This dictionary forms a companion to Teach Yourself Swahili and is
intended to be of equal use to both English and Swahili-speaking
people. Although it is a Concise Dictionary, its Swahili section con-
tains all the words the compiler heard during thirty years’ residence in
East Africa, together with a selection of those taken for her own use
from the dictionaries of Krapf, Sacleux, and Madan and the writings
of Swahili authors, and a few present-day words not yet in any dic-
tionary. It must be remembered, however, that Arabic words and
words from other Bantu languages of the mainland are often intro-
duced into Swahili, and that variations in spelling and pronunciation
exist. Guidance on some of these will be found in the Alphabetical
Notes before the Swahili section.
The English vocabulary is based on that used in other Teach Your-
self dictionaries, adapted to the different circumstances of a tropical
country. Its ten thousand words have therefore been well tested and
found a satisfactory selection.
X/
7

The dictionary contains a Concise Grammar of the Swahili lan-

guage, but much fuller information is given in Swahili in this series.
The compiler wishes to thank the African friends who have helped
her by answering her queries, provided her with vernacular period-
icals, or checking the work to ensure its accuracy.
 CONTENTS

Preface v

Introduction i

A Concise Grammar 2

Notes on the Swahili

English Section 19

SWAHILI— ENGLISH DICTIONARY 23

Notes on the English

Swahili Section 81

ENGLISH— SWAHILI DICTIONARY 85

'
 INTRODUCTION
Swahili is a Bantu language which has incorporated words from
many other sources and so Bantuized them that even the speakers do
mot recognize that they are foreign words. Most have been introduced
Iby Arab and Indian settlers and traders; a few by Portuguese and
German colonists, and a large number by the English. English and
Arabic words are now being increasingly used. Arab introductions are
•distinctive, but one has to be on the lookout for disguised English ones,
e.g. nguo isiyofiti, a garment which does not fit. Most of these foreign
words, if nouns, are put into the N and MA classes (see page 2).
Bantu words consist of a root, the meaning of which is changed by
various prefixes and suffixes, and nouns are grouped in classes accord-
ing to their prefix. These prefixes affect other words in a sentence,
with the result that the word given in a dictionary is frequently
obscured by syllables added at the beginning and the end.
The Concise Grammar which follows is intended to summarize the
chief points to be remembered in using this dictionary. They are
dealt with more fully in another book in this series. Teach Yourself
Swahili, which anyone who has not studied the language is advised
to get.
 A CONCISE GRAMMAR
i. Nouns
Swahili nouns fall into various classes which, for convenience, are
usually grouped as shown in the Table of Concords on page 14, each
class with its singular and plural.
Class 1, the M-WA class (e.g. mtu watu) is the personal class;
with only one or two exceptions all the nouns in it denote human
beings. Nouns in other classes take the concords of this class if they
denote persons or animals.
Class 2, the M-MI class (e.g. mti miti) consists of the names of
things. Trees and plants are in this class.
Class 3, the N-class (e.g. njia njia) contains the names of most
animals and some fruits, and a large number of non-Bantu nouns.
Most of the Bantu nouns have dropped their initial «. As the plural
is the same as the singular, N-cla^s nouns are shown in the dictionary
with the plural sign (-), denoting that there is no change. The letter
n causes changes in some following letters, and these are given in a
note following this section.
Class 4, the KI-VI class (e.g. kitu vitu) consists mostly of the
names of concrete things. Words belonging to other classes can be
brought into this one by a change of their prefix to show smallness or
some diminution (e.g. mfuko, a bag kifuko, a little bag; kipofu, a
;

blind man). They then take the concords of this class, unless they
denote living beings and take the concords of Class 1 Where the noun
.

root is a monosyllable, or confusion might occur with another word,

the prefix kiji is used (e.g. mto, a river; kijito, a stream). Ki before
a vowel other than i becomes ch and therefore most nouns beginning
with ch belong to this class.
Class 5, the MA-class (e.g. yai mayai) has no singular prefix
except before a vowel or monosyllabic root when ji is prefixed (e.g.
jicho macho). Like the N-class it contains many non-Bantu words,
and there is nothing in the form of the word to show which of the two
classes it belongs to. Some words are well-established, but others vary,
so do not be surprised if you find a word marked (-) in the dictionary
used with a MA plural, or vice versa.
Just as nouns can be brought into the KI-VI class to show small-
ness, so they can be brought into the MA-class to show largeness.
Then they have no prefix in the singular (unless they require ji) and
ma in the plural (e.g. mtu watu, man, men; jitu majitu, giants;
fuko mafuko, large bags).
For more about the N and MA Teach Yourself Swahili,
classes see
chapters 5, 6, and 44, and for and smallness chapter 10.
largeness
Class 6 the U-class (e.g. uzi nyuzi) consists of nouns beginning
,

with u or, before a vowel, w. Most are abstract nouns (e.g. uzuri,
beauty) or names of substances (e.g. unga, flour) and these, of course,
have no plural. The others, with a few exceptions, take the plural of
the N-class with the usual changes caused by the letter n. As the
2
 3

plurals are shown in the dictionary, it is not necessary to remember

these, but the U-class is a very interesting one, and more can be found
about it in Teach Yourself Swahili, chapter 7.
Class 7, thePA -class, contains only one word, mahali, place (found
sometimes as mwahali or pahali) and all its concords are made with
the prefix pa. The other concords given in the Table are explained in
the note on Place on page 12.
Class 8, the KU -class, contains used as verbal-nouns
all infinitives
(e.g. kuimba, singing). It is not given separately in the Table, but
in the last column, under the prefix ku, there is a note “similarly
infinitives”. Infinitives begin with ku, and when used as nouns, all
their concords begin with ku or kw before a vowel.

Noun Prefixes
In the Table of Concords you will see two kinds of prefixes, called
there, Adjective Prefixes and Verb Prefixes. Here we are considering
the first kind only.
In the first four classes they are the same as the prefixes of the
nouns: m-wa, m-mi, n-n, kl-vl. In the MA-class there is a singular
prefix ji. This is put in brackets, because it is only used when the
adjective begins with a vowel. In the U-class the singular prefix is m
for adjectives, with one or two exceptions. Thus, taking the key-
words in the Table, and adding the adjective -zuri, good, we get mtu
mzuri, watu wazuri; mti mzuri, miti mizuri; njia nzuri, njia
nzuri; kitu kizuri, vitu vizuri; yai zuri, mayai mazvri; uzi
mzuri, nyuzi nzuri; mahali pazuri; kuimba kuzuri. As living
beings of any class take the concords of the personal class, the adjec-
tives with words like ndege, bird] kipofu, blind man, wall be mzuri
wazuri.

Changes before a Vowel

Some changes take place in these prefixes before a vowel, but not all
before the vowel i:

M becomes MW
MI MY in adjectives
KI CH
VI VY
U W
I Y
KU KW
N NY
LI, JI, ZI drop their vowel, and prefixes ending in A amalgamate
the A with a following E or I to make E.

Changes caused by N
Except in one or two monosyllables where it forms a separate syllable
and takes the stress (e,g. fichi) N is found in Swahili only before
d, g, j and z. Before a vowel it becomes ny, and before b, p, v or w
it becomes m. nl and nr become nd. Thus the following words all
belong to the N-class: ndege, nguo, njia, nzige, nyani, mbwa,
mpya, mvua, mbingu, ndimi (pi. of ulimi).
 4

Noun Suffixes
T^o suffixes can be added to nouns.
ji can be suffixed to a noun ending in a, formed from a verb, to show
habitual action: e.g. chunga, to herd', mchungaji, a herdsman, ni
changes the noun from denoting a thing to denoting a place, e.g. mji,
a town; mjini, to-the-town; hewa, the air hewani, in-the-air. These
;

adverbial nouns no longer take the noun class prefixes but the pre-
fixes shown in the Table under Place. More about them is said in the
note on Place on page 12.

2. Adjectives
In English we think of adjectives as words used with a noun, and
pronouns as words used without a noun. But if we use these names
(for convenience) in Swahili, we class as adjectives the words which
take, with a few exceptions, the same prefixes as the nouns. These
are (1) descriptive adjectives; (2) numbers; (3) the words -ingi, much,
many -ingine, some, other; and -ngapi, how many. It is easy to
;

remember these three words as they all contain ng.

Descriptive Adjectives
Bantu languages have very few adjectives, but Swahili has borrowed
several from Arabic. These do not take the Bantu prefixes. In the
dictionary a short line before a word shows that the right prefix must
be attached. Swahili having grown up as a spoken language, where
much can be conveyed through tone and gesture, as well as by the
context, some of the adjectives have a wide range of meaning:
-nyimivu (from nyima, to withhold) can denote economical, careful,
thrifty, niggardly, stingy, even miserly; -shupavu, intrepid, resolute,
obstinate, bigoted. It all depends on how you look at it!
There are several ways in which other adjectives can be made:
(1) By the use of -a, of, or -enye, having: maji ya moto, hot water;
watoto wenye afya, healthy children.
(2) By the use of bila or pasipo, without: mahali pasipo miti, a
place without trees, i.e. a treeless place; mji bila watu, an uninhabited
town.
(3) By the relative iliyo, which is, and *siyo, which is not: maneno
yaliyo kweli, true words; matendo yasiyo haki, unjust actions.
These relatives are used with ver£s, e.g. kitabu kiiichopotea, the
lost book; miti isiyofaa, useless poles. As will be seen from the
examples, the syllables in italics have to be changed according to the
noun class.
Adjectives follow the noun they qualify, except kila, every, which
precedes it. There are no special forms for comparison, zaidi, more;
kupita, to pass, or kuliko can be used Ali ni mrefu, lakini Juma
:

ni mrefu zaidi, Ali is tall, but Juma is taller; Ali ni mrefu kuliko
(or) kumpita Juma, Ali is taller than Juma.

Numbers
The numbers used in Swahili are a mixture of Bantu and Arabic
roots. The Arabic ones do not vary, but the Bantu ones (one, two,
and eight) take the adjective prefixes. In the N-class,
three, four, five,
however, the only one changed is -will, two, which becomes mbili.
 5

The numbers given below are those used in counting; when used as
adjectives the six just named must be given prefixes.
I moja 30 thelathini
2 mbili 33 thelathini na tatu
3 tatu 40 arobaini
4 nne 44 arobaini na nne
5 tano 50 hamsini
6 sita 55 hamsini na tano
7 saba 60 sitini
8 nane 66 sitini na sita
9 tisa (kenda) 70 sabini
10 kumi 77 sabini na saba
11 kumi na moja 80 themanini
12 kumi na mbili 88 themanini na nane
13 kumi na tatu 90 tisini
M kumi
kumi
na nne 99 tisini na tisa
15 na tano 100 mia
16 kumi na sita IOI mia na moja
17 kumi na saba no mia na kumi
18 kumi na nane 200 mia mbili
19 kumi na tisa (kenda) 250 mia mbili na hamsini
20 ishirini 999 mia tisa tisini na tisa
22 ishirini na mbili 1000 elfu
When the numbers denote order they are formed with -a, of, with the
right prefix siku ya kwanza, the first day siku ya pill, ya tatu .
:
; .

up to siku ya mwisho, the last.

-ingi, - ingine ,
- ngapi ,

These are the three other words that take the adjective prefixes;
like the other adjectives they follow the noun: unga mwingi, a lot of
flour watu wengine, other people
;
vltabu vingapi? how many
;

books?
How often? is shown by the word mara, time Is Mara ngapi?
How often ? Mara mbili, twice.

3. Pronouns
The lower half of the columns Table of Concords shows the verb
in the
prefixes (often called pronominal). These look very different from the
adjective prefixes, but actually they are remains of old noun prefixes
which have been dropped in Swahili. In other Bantu languages we
get umti, the tree, imiti, the trees, and u and 1 are equivalent to
saying it and they with a verb when referring to the M-MI class.
Similarly with the other classes. These prefixes have to be prefixed
to the verb whether the subject has been named or not, and also to
the other words shown at the side of the table.

Personal Pronouns
Before dealing with the other noun classes, we give here those
belonging to Class 1 :
 6

Possessive Verb prefix Verb prefix

e Pronoun pronoun subject object Of
mimi, I, me -angu ni- -ni- 1

wewe, you (one) -ako u- -ku-

yeye, him] she, her
he, •ake a- or yu- -m(w)- r
wa
sisi, we, us -etu tu- -tu-
ninyi, you (many) -enu m(w)- -wa-
wao, they, them -ao wa- -wa- m

this this (2) that having self

mimi 1

wewe huyu huyo yule mwenye mwenyewe

yeye J
anyone all which? who (rel.)
mimi
wewe > ye yote yupi? ambaye
«TQ1TA
yeye
these these (2) those having selves
sisi
ninyi hawa ha(w)o wale wenye wenyewe
wao •V

any all which? who (rel.)

-
sisi
ninyi wo wote wote wapi? ambao
wao
Note:
This (2)
i. is the form used when referring to someone just
mentioned.
2. possessive pronouns are shown with a hyphen because they
The
have to agree with the thing possessed, not with the possessor mimi :

na kitabu changu, I and my hook.

3. The subject prefix is the first syllable in a verb (unless the
negative ha precedes it) and the hyphen shows that it is to be joined
on to the verb with other prefixes. The object prefix comes in the
word immediately before the verb root and therefore has syllables
joining it on both sides.
4. A few much-used words are frequently joined to a shortened form
of the personal pronoun: mwanangu, my child’, wenzetu, our com-
panions’, babaye, his father, etc.

Possessive Pronouns
As the possessive pronouns given above all begin with a vowel the
changes referred to on page 3 will take place, u becoming w, etc.
So we get mtoto wangu, watoto wangu; mti wangu miti yangu;
njia yangu njia zangu; kitu changu vltu vyangu; yai langu
mayai yangu; uzi wangu nyuzi zangu; mahali pangu; kuimba
kwangu. In speaking of things -ake is used both for its and their :

miti na matunda yake, trees and their fruits.

Demonstratives
Swahili has no word for a or the, but it has three forms of demon-
strative where in English we have only two, this and that This is .

formed by the verb prefix preceded by h with the same vowel as in the
 7

prefix. That is formed by the verb prefix followed by -le. In the

Table of Concords these two words are given for each of the noun
classes, so there is no need to repeat them here. The other demonstra-
tive is this with its last letter changed to o. It is used when someone
or something has already been mentioned maneno hayo, for instance,
;

refers to words already written; maneno haya to those about to be

written.
Relatives
There are two ways of expressing who which, when, where, when
,

these words are used as relative pronouns. One is by the relative prefix
attached to amba-, and the other more usual one by the relative pre-
fix put into the verb. These relative prefixes are shown in the Table
of Concords, near the bottom of the columns, and are formed by the
verb prefix followed by the same o of reference as is used in this ( 2 ).
The amba relative is shown above in the section on personal pronouns,
and in the other classes it is formed in the same way. The other
relative will be explained in the section on Verbs.
The o of reference forms also the root of the Bantu words for all,
referring to the completeness of the thing mentioned, and for any
kitabu chote, the whole book vitabu vyote, all the books kitabu cho
chote, any book

4. The Verb
To Be
As in many other languages, the present tense of the verb to be is
irregular, and is best taken separately.
Connectives. When
am, is or are are merely connectives ni can be used
for all the noun classes, or even omitted altogether. In the negative
si replaces ni and cannot be omitted: chakula (ni) tayari, the food is
veady\ machungwa si mazuri, the oranges are not good. If it is
desired to stress the person the pronominal syllables ni u yu are used
instead of ni for the three persons singular, and tu m wafor the
plural; with si for all persons in the negative: Tu
wageni, We
are
strangers’, U nani? Who
are you? Si haki, It isn't fair. For things the
verb prefixes are used if necessary.
Place. The place syllables ko mopo can be added to the prefixes
given above to denote place: Upo wapi? Where are you? Nipo hapa,
I am here. Yuko wapi All? Where is Ali? Yumo
jikoni. He is in the
kitchen. The negative forms with persons are sipo hupo hayupo
hatupo hampo hawapo. In the other classes ha is prefixed: Kitabu
kipo? Is the book there? Hakipo, It is not here.
Emphasis. Ndi (a more emphatic form than ni) can be joined to a
shortened form of the personal pronouns or to the verb prefixes:
ndimi, It is I,ndiwe, it is you, ndiye, it is he, ndio, it is they. The
following verb should have both a relative prefix and an object one:
Ndicho kitabu nilichokitaka, This is the book which I wanted. These
forms are shown in the Table of Concords. Note also the following
words in common use: Ndiyo (it is so) = Yes Siyo, No; Ndipo, It is
there, or It is then; Ndivyo ilivyo, That’s how it is.
Relative. To make the relative the root 11 is used, preceded by the
subject prefix of the right class and followed by the relative prefix.
Here are the forms for reference
 8

Persons: nlllye tullo and for mti ulio, miti illyo

* uliye mlio things: njia iliyo, njia zilizo
aliye wallo kitu kilicho, vitu vilivyo
yai lililo, mayai yaliyo
uzi ulio, nyuzi zilizo
mahali palipo kuimba kuliko
;

For negative in all classes substitute si for li.

To Have
Have expressed in
is Swahili by be with, and what seems to be the
present tense of have is really I-with, you-with, etc.
affirmative nina tuna negative sina hatuna
una mna huna hamna
ana wana hana hawana
In the other classes the na is added to the verb prefix, prefixing ha
in the negative: Mti una miiba, the tree has thorns Mti hauna ;

miiba, the tree has no thorns. If there is an object the relative prefix
is added at the end: Unacho kitabu changu? Ninar/to. Have you
my book? (Yes) I have it.
The relative is the same as that for be followed by na. If there is
an object the -o prefix is attached to the na: Watu wasio na watoto,
people who have no children. Notice that the subject and object are
not always the same: Kitabu nViicho nacho, the book which I have (it).
The other tenses of to be and to have are conjugated like any other
verb, as shown in the next section.

Verb Tenses
The verb as given in a dictionaryis found only in the Imperative,,
e.g. Tazama! Look l preceded by ku in the Infinitive, kutazama,
or,
to look. Usually it is preceded by prefixes, in the order: Subject, Tense,
Relative, Object, with often a negative ha before them. If the verb
is reflexive the object prefix is replaced by ji. The prefixes given in
the Table of Concords serve both for subject and object. Those for
persons are slightly irregular, but are all shown in the Table of Verb
Tenses.
The tense prefixes are as follows:
Affirmative
a simple present; nataka, I want
na present continuous; ninataka, I am wanting
ta future; nitataka, I shall want
11 past; nil! taka, I wanted
ka connective; nikataka, and I wanted
ki if, when; nikitaka, if I want
nge, ngall, conditional; ningetaka, ningalitaka, if I wanted, if l
had wanted.
Negative
ku past; sikutaka, I did not want
ta future; sitataka, I shall not want
ja not-yet tense; sijataka, I have not wanted (yet)
sipo if-not; nisipotaka, unless I want
nge, ngall, conditional nlsingetaka, nlsin gall taka, if I did not
;

want, if I had not wanted.

 9

The subject prefixes already given in the Table of Concords are given
again in the table of Verb Tenses on page 16. In the simple present,
as the tense prefix begins with a vowel, they will be slightly modified,
combining with the a as in of in the Table of Concords.
In the negative tenses the negative prefix ha precedes all the subject
prefixes except those for / and you here hani becomes si, and
hau, hu.
Tenses without prefixes
The subjunctive, also used as a polite imperative, is formed by the
subject prefix followed by the verb with its last letter, if a, changed
to e. In the negative the prefixes remain the same, and the other
negative sign si precedes the verb Nitazame, Let me look Usiende,
:
;

Don’t go; Nifikiri, Let me think.

j

Verbs borrowed from Arabic end in i or u and the ending does not
change.
A habitual tense, used for any time and any person, is made with
the prefix hu: husema, they say; Magari hupita kila siku, Trains
pass every day. There is no corresponding negative tense.
The negative present is formed by the negative subject prefix,
followed by the verb, with its fina 1 letter, if a, changed to i Sitaki, :

I do not want; Hawafikiri, They don’t think.

The object prefix comes immediately before the verb:
Usingalimonyesha kitabu nisingali&ftaka, If you had not
shown me the book I should not have wanted it.
The Relative
On page 7 one way of expressing who which, when, or where when
,

used as relatives was explained. The commoner, and better way, is

to put the relative prefix into the verb. All the prefixes, except in the
singular of the personal class, end in o. They are in the Table of
Concords, and were given again in these notes on page* 8 with the
verb to be. The Table of Verb Tenses shows how to use them in the
present, past, and future tenses. Except in the simple present they
follow the tense prefix in the simple present the tense prefix is omitted
;

and they come at the end. This, however, is for the affirmative only.
In the negative there is only one form for all three tenses: subject
prefix, negative si, relative, verb, with object (if any) just before the
verb.
Compound Tenses can be formed with the past tense of kuwa (to be)
as shown at the bottom of the Table. The KI-tense given above for
if and when is also a present participle, nikitaka, I wanting.

and Imperative
Infinitive

The infinitive is preceded by ku to form the negative to is put after

;

the ku, very often with another ku kutotaka or kutokutaka, not to

:

want. A monosyllabic verb ( see below) must always have the second
ku: kutokuwa, not to be.
The infinitive is a verbal noun and takes the ku prefixes as shown in
the Table of Concords: Kusema ni kuzuri, na kutokusema ni
kuzuri, Speaking is good, and silence is good.
The imperative is the simplest form of the verb: Soma, read\ In
speaking to more than one person ni is added and the last letter of the
 10

verb, if changed to e Someni! This change to e is usually made

a, is :

in ithe singular as well if there is an object, and in leta, bring, even

without an object: Visome, read them (books); Nipe, give me; Lete,
bring (it). There are a few irregular imperatives: Njool Njoni! from
kuja, to come: Nenda! Nendeni! from kuenda, to go.
The negative subjunctive is used in place of a negative imperative:
Usisome or Msisome, Do not read. Usije, Do not come, etc.
Monosyllabic Verbs
There are a few verbs which, without the ku, have only one syllable
ku wa, to be; ku\fa, to die; kuja, to come; kuAz, to eat. For ease of pro-
nunciation, these retain the ku in the na, me, and ta tenses, in the
conditional, and after a relative pronoun: anakuja, he is coming;
watakuwa, they will be; nilichokula, which I ate. The ku is often
retained in the verbs enda, go, and isha, finish.

Impersonal Forms
There is, there are are translated by kuna, negative hakuna: Kuna
maji njiani? Hakuna. Is there water on the way? (No,) there isn’t.
For it, when used impersonally, the singular of the N-class, i, is used:
Yafaa tuende, it is good that we go, i.e. we had better go Haifa! kuche-
;

lewa, it’s not good to be late. Three very common phrases of this kind
are: haifai, better not; haiwezekani, it can’t be done; haidhuru, it
doesn’t matter.
There is also the hu tense, already mentioned, husema, they say.
Verb Suffixes
The following syllables can be attached to the end of a verb:
je,how? what? Ulijuaje? How did you know? Asemaje? What
does he say?
Pi. where? Wamekwendapi? Where have they gone?
ni, plural sign, forming the plural of the imperative. This ni can
also make a second plural of you as an object prefix in speaking
;

to more than one person the usual object prefix is wa (see

Personal Pronouns, page 6) but the singular ku can be used
with the suffix ni: Nimekuambia, I have told you (one person);
Nimekuambieni, I have told you (many). Notice that the
same change of the a to e takes place as in the imperative,
po, ko, or mo
can be added to the other tenses of the verb to be
just as they were to the present tense: Nitakuwapo, I shall be
there; Vitabu vikiwako, if the books are there; Hawakuwamo
nyumbani, They were not in the house.
For more about verbs consult Teach Yourself Swahili or any good
grammar.
Derivative Verbs
5.

Bantu languages have a very interesting and useful way of altering

the meaning of a verb by changes at the end. The notes here are to
guide the reader in the use of the dictionary and to enable him to
make out the meaning of verbs of this sort that he meets in his reading.
References are given to the relevant chapters of Teach Yourself Swahili
for further study if desired.
wa at the end of a verb (except kuwa) shows the passive, e.g.
 li

Piga, pigwa, to be hit; jibu, to answer; jibiwa, to be answered

to hit;
nunua, to buy; nunuilwa, to be bought. The apparent irregularities
in the last two words are explained in Teach Yourself Swahili
chapter 22.
ika or eka gives a meaning rather similar to the passive, but instead
of thinking of the act and who caused it, we think of the resulting
state; e.g. kikombe kimevunjwa, the cup has been broken (by some-
one) kikombe kimevunjika, the cup is broken Barua haikusomwa,
; ;

the letterwas not read Barua haikusomeka, the letter was unreadable.
;

A suffix na is sometimes added, and so we get the very common words,

patikana, be obtainable; wezekana, be possible; onekana, be visible;
julikana, be known. This form is usually called the stative, and there
is more about it in Teach Yourself Swahili, chapter 22.
ia or ea is a prepositional ending, showing to, for, etc., e.g. leta, to
bring letea, bring to; pata, to get; patia, get for; toa, to offer; tolea,
;

to offer to. Notice that in this form the object is the person, not the
thing; Kilete, bring it (the food); Niletee, bring-to me. See Teach
Yourself Swahili, chapter 34.
sha, za, nya as well as being ordinary verb endings, often denote
the causative form: anguka, fall; angusha, make fall (i.e. drop or
break down); jaa, get full; jaza, make full, fill; pona, get well; ponya,
make well, cure. Causative verbs can be made from adjectives by
adding sha: safl, clean; safisha, make clean; imara, firm; imarisha,
make firm. See Teach Yourself Swahili, chapter 39.
ana makes a reciprocal verb, denoting each other or one another:
penda, love; pendana, love one another; ona, see; onana, see each other
(i.e.meet). See Teach Yourself Swahili, chapter 37.
Of course, these derived verbs can also make other forms; e.g.
ponya, cure the causative form of pona, get better, can add a stative
ending, ponyeka, get cured or be curable; niletee, bring to me, can
make a passive, niletewe, be brought to me.
Doubling a verb shows either a repeated action, or some modification
of it: Mbona
unasitasita? Why do you go on hesitating? Anajari-
bujaribu, he is trying (but not very hard).
6. Adverbs
Adverbs, having nothing to do with nouns, do not need any class
prefix. There are, however, three adverbial prefixes which help to
form adverbs:
vi makes adverbs from adjectives: vizurl, vibaya, v(y)ema, etc.
It also makes adverbs like hivi, thus; vilevile, in the same way, and
is used as an adverbial relative in verbs: hivyo ulivyosema, thus as
you said, ki used with a noun denotes “in the manner of“ Simameni
:

kiaskari, stand like soldiers; amevaa kizungu, he is dressed in

European fashion.
pa, ku, and mu make adverbs of place: hapa, here; pale, there, etc.
They can also denote time: papa hapa, just then.
Apart from adverbs made with these prefixes there are a large
number without any prefix, showing how, when, or where. They will
all be found in the dictionary. Three of them are really intensifiers:
sana, mno and (sometimes) kabisa. Although the general meaning
is very, they can be translated in various ways: kimbia sana, run fast;
shika sana, hold tight; Umekaa mno, you have stayed a very long
 12

time. The reverse is shown by kidogo, a little Yuko mbali kidogo,

:

he if a little way off; kazi yake nzuri kidogo, his work is fairly good.
The chief interrogatives are: llni? when? wapi? where? namna
gani? how? kwa nini or mbona? why?
7. Place
As we saw, when considering nouns and their classes, there is one
Swahili word for place, mahaU. But neighbouring Bantu languages
have three words, and probably Swahili did too, in the forms of patu,
kutu, mutu, each with its own prefixes, roughly denoting at, to, and in.
When the Arabic word came into use these three words dropped
out, but their prefixes remained These are shown in the last column
.

of the Table of Concords. When the word mahali is used, the pa pre-
fixes are used with it; otherwise the pa prefixes denote a definite
position, or at a place; the ku an indefinite one, or to a place; and the
mu an inside one, in a place. These prefixes form adverbs like hapa,
here; they form the subject of the impersonal verbs there is and there
are, kuna, pana, mna and they are attached to the verb he to show
;

place nitakuwapo, I shall he there. But perhaps their most frequent

:

use is with verbal nouns: Yumo nyumbani mn/ake, he is in his

house; Amekwenda shambani kwhke, he has gone to his cornfield.
Anaslmama pale mlangoni pake, He is standing there at his door.
Many folk- tales begin “Hapo zamani paUkuwa na mtu”; Long
ago there was a man.

8. Prepositions and Conjunctions

Most of the work of these is done by the prepositional form of a verb,
and by the K A- tense, see pages 8 11. It is difficult to distinguish
,

prepositions from conjunctions; it is better to look upon them all as

words of association.
Many are made from the -a of association:
-a preceded by the class prefix makes of; majani ya mti, the leaves
of the tree. All the forms of of are shown in the Table of Concords.
-a preceded by ku makes kwa, to, from, with, for, etc.: Tuende
kwa mwalimu. Let us go to the teacher; Barua imetoka kwa nani?
Who has the letter come from? Kata kwa kisu, Cut it with a knife ;

Nimekuja kwa dawa, I have come for medicine. Kwa can be com-
bined with the possessive pronouns: Njoni kwangu, Come to me;
Naomba kwako, I ask from you; Ulifika kwake? Did you get to him?
Nakwenda kwetu, I am going home; Kwenu ni mbali? Is your home
far off? Tuende kwao, Let us go to their home.
ya with an adverb forms a preposition: Weka ndani. Put it inside;
Weka ndani ya nyumba. Put it in the house; Nipe zaidi. Give me
more; Watu zaidi ya ishirini, more than twenty people.
na can be translated in several ways: Lete chai na maziwa, Bring
teaand milk; Unaitwa na baba yako, You are called by your father;
Nenda na Hamisi, Go with Hamisi.
For the introductory that we use kama, ya kwamba, orya kuwa:
Alisema kama atakuja. He said that he would come.
Kama has other important uses:
if: Kama akija, If he comes.
whether Sijui kama atakuja, I don’t know whether he will come.
 13

like: Nyama ni nzurl leo, si kama ile ya jana; the meat is good
today, not like that of yesterday,
as : Fanya kama upendavyo, Do it as you like,
about kama futi kumi, about ten feet.
:

as though: Si kama (kwamba) aliona mwenyewe, It is not as

though he had seen it himself.
Dis-association is shown by:
au or ama, or: Nipe chai au maji, Give me tea or water.
wala, and not, nor: Sikumwona wala sikusikia habari zake,
I didn't see him, nor did I hear about him.
lakini or bali, but: Alikuja lakini sikumwona, He came but I
did not see him.
ila or isipokuwa, except: Hakuna watu ila mtoto mmoja tu.
There are no people, except one child.
Among other important words are ill, in order that kwa sababu, ;

because kwa hiyo, therefore', ingawa, although', ijapo, even if.

;

Instead of the introductory words Well, So, Now, etc., with which
many sentences begin in English, basi, hata, tena, ikawa are
common in Swahili.
For more about these words see Teach Yourself Swahili, chapters 32,
33, 36, 38
Orthography and Pronunciation
Comments are made on this, where necessary, in the following Note^
on the Swahili section of the Dictionary. It should be remembered that
Swahili words are stressed on the syllable before the last, and therefore
any suffixes move the stress forward e.g. kitdbu, book kitabuni, in
:
;

the book Amekw6nda, He has gone', Amekwend&pi? Where has

;

he gone?
 14

t
class,

WATU

of

sing,

in

except

-o-ote,

-enyewe,

-enye,

CONCORDS

Similarly

OF

TABLE

mahall.

-ao.

with

-enu

except

-etu

?
-ako
which

?
-angu
-pi

illarly ilarly

a e
u5 c?
 15

class,

i
sffi.s i
WATU

s
of

9 a ting,

S a
is <01 o So in

Iff] OBSBOV
\mamam a
except

a -o-ote,

-OB-OD
ii
« v
sit & dlitlifl
-enyewe,

Continued.

iSf
2 ®*r
* ®«M «
H
<-> JS -enye,
infinitives.

aFo-g sill 938 0

RDS
5
a
SimilarlySimilarly

B rlf 1 *
CONCO 3 Sf
ill sf lllioli

OF
l
«9
if
'«MW
tnahell.

s
TABLE ss I t -ao.

with

-enn

l o s. -eta
except

§a ?
-ako
which

-anga
J-pi

I His
s « a « —
a
-
m -3:2
i .7.
-« ^ « </>

wtj a a '*-
*j3 •««

Iff??
 16

TENSES

VERB
SWAHILI-ENGLISH
DICTIONARY
 NOTES ON THE SWAHILI-ENGLISH SECTION
A is pronounced like the English a in father For the class prefixes to
be used with the possessives -angu, -ako, my, your, etc., and
with -a, of, see page 6 and the Table of Concords. For the
suffix to be used with amba-, see page 7. Some words begin-
ning with a may be verbs in which the a stands for the subject
he or she, e.g. asema, she says', atakuja, he will come. These
will be found under S and J, i.e. sema and ja.

B is sometimes confused with V and doublets occur, e.g. buruga and

vuruga, and a word not found under B may be looked for under
V, and vice versa. In using an adjective beginning with B with
an N-class noun, remember that the N changes to M; e.g.
nyumba mbovu.
C is not found in the Swahili alphabet; its place is taken by K or S.
CH is the form the KI prefix takes before a vowel.
D is one of the few letters before which N can stand; therefore an
adjective beginning with d if used before an N-class noun will take
the prefix N e.g. nyumba ndogo. DH has the sound of the
:

English th in this, with, etc. It is found in words taken from the

Arabic, and is often pronounced, or even written as x.
E has the sound of the English a in say, but without the closer sound
made in English at the end. -enu, -etu, -enye, and -enyewe
take the verb prefixes, and -embamba and the other adjectives
the noun prefixes. See the Table of Concords. Note that -ema
with an N-class noun becomes njema.
G is always hard, as in get. The G, as in gem is shown by J.
soft English
GH, which occurs in a few Arabic words, is a throaty sound,
something between G and R. Many people pronounce it like G.
N can stand before G, and therefore adjectives beginning with g
prefix N with N-class nouns.

H enters into several prefixes which will, of course, have to be dis-

carded before looking for the word in the dictionary. For ha as
a negative prefix see page 7. For hu as a tense prefix see page
9; and for ha hi hu as the first syllables of this and these see
pages 6-7.
H
now takes the place of the Arabic KH, and words heard or
written with that sound should be looked for under H.
I is pronounced as the English ee in see. For the concords of -ingi and
-ingine, see page 5. I is the subject prefix of verbs used with
nouns of the N-class, e.g. Nyumba inavuja. The house is leaking ;

here the second word will be found under V.

J Notice the uses of the syllable ji:

(1) A singular prefix in some MA-class nouns, e.g. jlcho, an eye.

10
 20

(2) A singular prefix denoting largeness, e.g. jumba, a palace

* (from nyumba).
(3) A reflexive verb prefix denoting self', kuficha, to hide ;
kujificha, to hide oneself. In many cases the meaning is slightly
changed, kujiona,
e.g. to see oneself, means to be conceited. A
selection of these verbs is given in the dictionary, with the ji in
italics.
(4) As a suffix at the end of a noun it can denote a customary
occupation, e.g. wachezaji, the players.
K enters into many prefixes, which it may be convenient to summarize
here, although they are more fully explained in the grammar
section.
ki (1) Noun and verb prefix in the KI-VI class; the verb as
well as its subject will begin with ki.
(2) Diminutive prefix by which a thing can be made smaller,
e.g. kichupa, a little bottle. Such words will be found in the
dictionary in their original form, e.g. chupa.
(3) In a verb, coming after the subject prefix, it makes the
IF tense or the present participle: Akija, If or when he comes
Nilikuona ukija, I saw you coming.
ko refers to place. See page" 7.
ku (1) Aplace syllable, see note on page 12.
(2) The object prefix in a verb, denoting you, as in nili£aona
above.
(3) The infinitive prefix. When used as a noun
the infinitive is
it takes the ku concords: Kuja &«»ako £«menifurahisha Sana,
Your coming has made me very happy.
ka ( 1 ) Although ki has taken its place in Swahili, ka is the old
Bantu prefix for smallness and is sometimes found in Swahili,
katoto, a little child.
(2) Following the subject prefix in a verb it shows an action
subsequent to the previous one; it thus takes the place of and :

Alikuja akaniambia. He came and told me.

L is frequently heard as R and R as L, therefore a word not found
under one letter should be looked for under the other. Li is the
verb prefix used with singular nouns of the MA-class and so
many words beginning with li are verbs: e.g. linauma, it hurts,
is the verb uma.

M Most of the nouns beginning with M

belong to the first class, if
people, and to the second if things. Plural nouns beginning with
mi are given under their singular or m mw.
Words beginning
with maare usually plurals in the MA-class: machungwa, for
instance, will be found in the dictionary as chungwa. But some
have no singular, e.g. maji, water and others are abstract nouns
with another form beginning with u, e.g. uasi or maasi, rebellion.
Any word not found under ma
should be looked for under u or
the letter following the ma.
mo and mu
are place prefixes.
N For N as the prefix of the N-class, see note on page 3.
na, and, with, by, is frequently joined to a pronoun in a
shortened form : naml nawe naye nasi nanyi nao, and I, and
 21

you, etc. At the beginning of a verb it is the prefix of the -a- of

the simple present tense preceded by ni, I: Nataka, I want.
ni is the subject prefix I Niende, Let me go it is also used with
all persons and things as a copula: Chakula ni tayari, the food
is ready.
ny is the form n
takes before a vowel other than i. It must be
pronounced like the ni in onion, e.g. nyama is two syllables,
nya-ma, not ne-a-ma or ni-a-ma.
ng’ has the sound of ng in singing; there must be no g sound
in it, even when it begins a word.
O is pronounced like the French or German O, i.e. without the closed
sound at the end of our English O.
P For pa as a place prefix see page 12.
-pi, which? is preceded by a verb prefix: Mti upi? Which tree?
Miti ipi? Which trees? Mtu yupi? Which man? It can also be
added to the end of a verb to show where? Wamekwendapi?
Where have they gone?
Note that the monosyllabic verb pa, give, must always have a
personal object, e.g. Nitan'tfpa fedha, I will give them the money.
N before P becomes m, hence we get nyumba mpya, a new
house ; pya being a monosyllable,
in the singular of the MA-class,
ji is prefixed, neno
new word.
jipya, a
R occurs only in foreign words, and the nouns in this section belong
to the MA or N-class. But there is considerable confusion between
the Arabic R and the Bantu L.
S is always pronounced as the S in this the sound of the S in these is
;

written with z. Many speakers interpose an i between s and a

following consonant, so we find stawi and sitawi, prosper others
change the s to sh, and we get stuka, situka, shtuka, all in use
for be startled.
r ta is an Arabic prefix and words with this prefix are frequently
introduced into Swahili. Several of them are in the dictionary.
If you find one that is not, take off its ta and look for a word of
three syllables having the same consonants this will be the same
;

word in its Swahili form: e.g. takabali, kubali; tabaruki,

bariki; tanafusi, nafasi, etc. The syllable ta after the subject
prefix in a verb, shows the future tense.
th represents the sound of the English th in thin its sound in ;

then is written dh. Both are Arabic sounds, and Swahili speakers
often replace th by 8 just as they do dh by z.
,

LJ is pronounced as 00 in tool, without any y sound; yu in Swahili

sounds the same as the English word you. The prefix U forms
abstract nouns from nouns, adjectives, and verbs: mfalme, king ;

ufalme, kingdom -chache, few; uchache, fewness; kupenda,

;

to love; upendo, love. It is, of course, impossible to give every

abstract noun that could be made in this way, and any that are
not found in the dictionary should be looked for under the other
abstract prefix ma or under the letter following the U.
U is also the verb prefix for the singular of the M-MI class,
and you (one person), and therefore many words beginning
for
with u are verbs. U before a vowel becomes w.
 22

V VI or VY usually denotes the plural of the KI-VI class,and nouns

such as vitu will be found in the singular, under K. It is also an
adverbial prefix, e.g.vizuri, well vibaya, badly.
;

W is the form U takes before a noun; wema, for instance, is an

abstract noun formed from the adjective -ema, good.
wa is the plural prefix of the personal class; nouns beginning
with wa should be looked for under M, and verbs under the root:
e.g. Watu wamefika: look for mtu and fika.
wa is also the root of the verb to be being a monosyllabic verb
;

it keeps the ku of the infinitive in most of its tenses.

Y is the form i takes before a vowel, so ya, yangu, yako, etc., are the
possessives of, my, your, etc., for the plural of the M-MI class,
the singular of the N-class, and the plural of the MA-class:
milima ya Kenya, the Kenya mountains nyumba yangu, my ;

house', mayai yako, your eggs, ya is also the subject and object
prefix for the MA-class.
ye, a shortened form of yake or yeye attached to the end of
is
some words: nduguye, his brother’, baadaye, after that ndiye, ;

it is he, etc. For the personal prefix yu see page 6.

Z is frequently heard for the Arabit dh, and vice versa. Za, zi, and zo
are concords of nouns in the N-class plural.
A 23 ALI
A Agano Jipya, the New Testament
Agano la Kale, the Old Testa-
-a, of ment
abiri, to travel as passenger agia, to befit; to suit
abiria(-), a passenger agiza, to order; direct; agizwa,
abirisha, to convey as passenger be ordered
abudu, to worship; abudiwa, be agizo(ma), directions
worshipped agua, to divine; predict; agu-
acha, to leave; let; achwa, be left liwa, be predicted
achama, to open mouth wide ahadi(-), a promise
achana, to leave one another; ahera(-), place of future life
diverge ahidi, to promise; ahidiwa, be
achia, to leave to promised
achilia, to forgive; achiliwa, be ahidiana, to promise one another
forgiven ahirisha, to postpone
achilio(ma), forgiveness aibika, be disgraced
achisha maziwa, to wean a child aibisha, to put to shame
ada(-), a fee aibu(-), shame
adabu(-), good manners aidha, moreover; next
adha(-), trouble aili, to blame
adhabu(-), punishment aina(-), kind; species
adhama(-), honour; glory ainika, be specified
adhana(-), Moslem call to prayer ainisha, to classify; distinguish
adhibika ; adhibiwa, be punished ajabu(ma), a wonder; wonder-
adhibisha adhibu, to punish
;
fully
adhimisha, to honour ajali(-), fate
adhini, to call to prayer ajili, sake; kwa ajili ya, because
adhuhuri, noon of
adibisha, to train in good man- ajiri, ajirisha, to hire for work;
ners ajiriwa, be hired
adili, righteous; just ajizi(-), slackness
adilisha, to teach right conduct aka, to work as mason
adimika, be scarce akali, a few
adimu, rare; unobtainable -ake, his; hers; its
adui(ma), an enemy akiba(-), reserve; store
afa(ma), a calamity; ill-omened akili(-), mind; intelligence; clever
person idea
afadhali, preferable; preferably akina, relations ; connections
afikiana, to make an agreement akina mama, the women-folk;
afisa(ma), an officer akina sisi, people like us
afisi(-), an office -ako, your/s
afu, afua(-), deliverance from ala(-), tool; utensil
calamity ala(ny), a sheath
afua, to deliver; save alama(-), a mark; sign
afya(-), health alaslri(-), afternoon
afyuni(-), opium alfabeti(-), alphabet
aga, to take leave of alfajiri(-), before dawn
agana, to say Goodbye; to make Alhami8i, Thursday
an agreement alika, alisha, i to click; crackle;
agano(ma), an agreement 2 to invite; summon
ALL 24 ARU
Allah, God andamana, to follow in proces-
almaria(-), braid; embroidery sion
almasi(-), a diamond andika, i to set in order; set the
ama, either; or table; 2 to write; to enrol
amali(-), action; occupation andikia, to write to; andikiwa,
amana(-), pledge; deposit be written to
amani(-), peace andiko(ma), something written
amara(-), urgent business anga(-), the sky; light
amari(-), cable angaa, angaza, to shine ;
give
amba-, who; which; vitu amba- light
vyo, things which angalia, to pay attention; take
amba, to abuse care angaliwa, be taken care of
;

ambaa, to skirt; avoid -angalifu, careful; attentive

ambata, to stick to angama, to hang in mid-air
ambatana, to stick together angamia, to perish
ambatisha, to cause to adhere angamiza, to destroy
ambia, to tell; say to; amblwa, -angavu, clear; shining
be told angaza, to give light
ambika, to bait a trap angika, to hang up; angikwa, be
ambilika, be approachable; aff- hung up
able ,-angu, my; mine
ambo(ma), glue; gum angua, to throw down; hatch
ambua, to peel off; ambuka, to eggs anguliwa, be taken down
;

come off hatched

ambukiza, to infect anguka, to fall
ambukizo(ma), infection anguko(ma), a fall; a ruin
ami, amu, paternal uncle angusha, to throw down: make
amia, to guard crops f rom birds fall
amiwa, be guarded angusho(ma), destruction
amini, to believe; aminiwa, be anika, put out to dry anikwa, be ;

believed put out

amini, -aminifu, faithful ankra(-), invoice
aminika, be trusted anua, to take in, from rain, etc.
aminisha, to entrust anuka, to clear up weather (

amka, to awake anwani(-), the address

amkia, amkua, to greet anza, to begin
amri(-), command; authority anzisha, to start off; institute;
amriwa, be ordered anzishwa, be started off
amsha, to awaken someone -ao, their/s
amua, to arbitrate; judge; amu- apa, to take an oath
liwa, be judged apisha, to put on oath
amuru, to command apiwa, be sworn to
amwa, to suck the breast; apiza, to curse
amwisha, to suckle apizo(ma), a curse
ana, he has arabuni(-), a deposit; guarantee
-anana, soft; gentle ardhi(-), soil; ground
ana8a(-), luxury; pleasure ari(-), eagerness; self-respect
andaa, andalia, to prepare; arifu, to inform; arifiwa, be in-
jiandaa, to make oneself formed
ready aroba, four
andaliwa, be ready arobaini, forty
andama, to follow; andamwa, arusi(-), a wedding; maarusi,
be followed by the bridal couple
ASA 25 BAN
asall(-), honey; syrup babuka, be disfigured
asante, thank you badala(-), a substitute
asherati( - ), fornication profligate badala ya, instead of
;

ashiki(-), strong desire badili, badilisha, to change; ex-

ashiria, to make a sign to; change
ashiriwa, be signalled to -badilifu, changeable; unstable
asi, to disobey; rebel badilika badiliwa, be changed
;

asili(-), origin; nature badiliko(ma), change

asilia, genuine; original bado, not yet; still
askari(-), a soldier bafta(-), thin white calico
askofu(ma), a bishop bagua, to separate; segregate;
asubuhi(-), morning baguliwa, be separated
atamia, to sit on eggs bahari(-), the sea
athari(-), a mark; blemish baharia(ma), a sailor
athiri, to mark; mar bahasha(-), envelope; bag; bun-
Ati, I say! dle
atika, to plant out bahati(-), luck; chance; bahatl
atua, to split; crack; atuka, be nasibu, a lottery
cracked bahatisha, to guess; take a
au, or chance
aua, to survey; inspect; auliwa, bahili(-), a miser; miserly
be surveyed baina ya, between; among
aula, important; better bainika, be clear; manifest
auni(-), help bainisha, to show clearly
awali(-), the beginning; first baisikeli(-), a bicycle
aya(-), a verse; short section baki(ma), remainder
ayari(-), a cheat; a rogue baki, to remain over
azali, without beginning; eternal bakiza, to leave over
azima, i to borrow; lend; 2 a bakora(-), a walking-stick
charm bakshishi(-), a tip
azimia, azimu, to intend; azi- bakuli(-), a basin
miwa , be intended balaa(ma), a calamity
azimio(ma), intention; plan balehe, to reach puberty
aziri, to disparage publicly ball, but; on the contrary
azizi(-), a treasure; excellent balozi(ma), a consul; ambassador
bamba, to hold ;
arrest ;
bambwa,
B be arrested
bana, to squeeze hold by pressure
;

baa(ma), 1 disaster; plague; banda(ma), a barn, shed

2 public bar bandari(-), a harbour
baada ya, after bandi(ma), stitching
baadaye, afterwards bandia(-), home-made doll
baadhi, some bandika, to attach; stick on;
baba(-), father bandikwa, be stuck on
baba mkubwa; baba mdogo, bandua, to strip off banduliwa, ;

paternal uncle be stripped off

babaika, to babble banduka, to get detached from
babaiko(ma), meaningless talk bangi(-), bhang (hemp)
babaisha, to cause confused bangili(-), a bangle
speech bango(ma), mudguard; protec-
babata, to tap lightly tive sheath
babu(-), grandfather banika, fix in a spit
babua, to strip off with fingers banja, to crack nuts
BAN 26 BOM
banzi(ma), spit for roasting benibeni, askew; awry
b2To(ma), i board for game or benuka, to bulge: protrude
divination; 2 goal; points beti(-), 1 small leather pouch;
bapa(ma), a broad flat surface 2 verse of a song
bara(-), a continent; mainland beza, to scorn
barabara(-), 1 highroad; 2 ex- -bezi, disdainful
actly right bia(-), co-operation
baradhuli(ma), a simpleton biashara(-), commerce
barafu(-), ice bibi(-), grandmother; lady
baragumu(ma), a war-horn Biblia, Bible
baraka(-), blessing; prosperity -bichi, unripe; uncooked; damp
baraza(-), verandah; council- bidhaa(-), merchandise
house bidi, to be obligatory; imeni-
baridi(-), cold, coolness bidi, I feel bound to
bariki, to bless: barikiwa, be bidii(-), energy; effort; jibidi-
blessed isha, to exert oneself
barizi, to hold a reception attend biga(ma), earthenware beer-pot
;

a council bikari(-), drawing compasses

barua(-), a letter bikira(ma), a virgin
baruti(-), gunpowder bikiri, to deflower; bikiriwa,
bashiri, to predict; bring news; lose virginity
bashiriwa, be announced pre- bila, without
;

dicted bilashi, in vain

basi, well! That’s all bilauri(-), a glass; tumbler
basi(ma), a bus bilingani(ma), aubergine
bastola(-), a pistol bima(-), insurance
bata(ma), a duck bin, son of
bata la bukini, a goose binadamu, son-of-Adam; a hu-
bata mzinga, a turkey man being
bati(ma), galvanized iron sheets bindo(ma), a fold of loincloth
batili, batilisha, to annul: bati- used as pocket
lika, be annulled cancelled
;
bingwa(ma), an expert
batili, invalid; worthless binti(ma), daughter
batiza, to baptize birika(ma), kettle; tank
batobato(ma), coloured mark- bisha, to knock; oppose
ings bishana, to wrangle
bawa(ma), a wing bisi, popcorn
bawaba(-), a hinge bisibisi(-), a screwdriver
bawabu(ma), a doorkeeper bitana(-), thin lining material
-baya, bad -bivu, ripe
bayana, certainty biwi(ma), a rubbish heap
beba, to carry on back ( child ); bizari(-), curry powder
bear cobs (maize) bizimu(-), buckle; brooch
beberu(ma), a he-goat; a strong blanketi(ma), a blanket
man boboka, to blurt, out
bega(ma), shoulder boga(ma), a pumpkin
behewa(ma), 1 inner courtyard; bohari(ma), a warehouse
2 compartment of train bokoboko, a mashy substance
bei(-), price bokoka, to come off (as handle)
bekua, to parry boma(ma), a fort; government
bemba, to wheedle; seduce office
bembeleza, to coax; soothe bomba(ma), a pump; pipe;
bendera(ma), a flag; banner chimney
BOM 27 CHA
bomoa, to break down; bomo- burudisha, to cool; refresh
lewa, be broken down burudisho(ma), relaxation
bomoka, to collapse buruga, to stir up
bomoko(ma), a demolished build- burura, to drag
ing busara(-), prudence
bonde(ma), a valley bustani(-), a garden
bonge(ma), a lump; ball of busu, to kiss
string, etc. butu, blunt
bonyea, to sink in buu(ma), maggot; grub
bonyeka, to be dented buyu(ma), calabash
bonyeza, to press in bwaga, to throw down; bwaga
bopa, be soft; sink in moyo, throw off cares; rest
bopo(ma), a soft place; mud-hole bwana(ma), master; gentleman
bora, fine; excellent bwawa(ma), swamp; bog
boriti(ma), thick pole; beam bweni(-), sleeping quarters for
boronga, to bungle girls or boys
borongo(ma), spoilt work bweta(-), small box
-bovu, rotten; worthless
bua(ma), stem of maize, millet, CH
etc.
buba, yaws For prefix ch see page 2
bubu(ma), a dumb person cha, of
bubujika, to bubble out cha, 1 to dawn; 2 to reverence
bubujiko(ma), a bubbling-up chacha, to ferment; go sour
buburushana, to scuffle chachari(ma), restlessness
budi, a way out; alternative; sina chachatika, to tingle
budi, I must -chache, a few; not much
buibui(-), i a spider; 2 woman’s
-chafu, dirty
covering-cloak chafua, to soil; mess up; chafu-
bukua, to ferret out scandal liwa, be messed up
bulula, a tap chafuka, be in disorder
buluu, blue chafuko(ma), muddle; disorder
bumba(ma), a lump; cluster of chafya, a sneeze piga chafya, to ;

bees, etc. sneeze

bumbuaza, to confuse; perplex chaga, to do vigorously; be pre-
bumbuazi(-), perplexity; help- valent
confusion
less chagiza, be insistent; pester
bumburuka, be startled rush ;
off chagua, to choose; vote for;
bumburusha, to startle ;
frighten chaguliwa, be chosen
away -chaguzi, critical; fastidious
bunda(ma), a parcel; bale chai(-), tea
bundi(ma), an owl chakaa, to grow old wear out ;

bunduki(-), a gun chakacha, to rustle

bungu(ma), a boring insect chakarisha, to make a rustling
bungua, to bore holes in wood, noise
grain, etc. chaki(-), chalk
bunguka, be worm-eaten chakula(vy), food
buni(-), coffee berries chakura, to scratch the ground
buni, to compose; make up; chale(-), incisions; tribal marks
buniwa, be invented imaginary
;
chali, flat on back
burashi(-), a brush chama(vy), a society; wana-
bure, 1 free of charge; 2 useless chama, members
burudika, be refreshed chambega, on the shoulders
CHA 28 CHO
chambo(vy), bait - chekwa, in large quantities
chambua, to clean cotton, vege- chelewa, be late
tables, etc. cheleza, to keep overnight
chamchela(-), a whirlwind chelezo(vy), a raft; buoy
chamshakinywa, breakfast; first chembe(-), a grain
food of the day chemchemi(-), a spring of water
chana, to comb hair; to split chemka, to bubble up; boil
leaves for plaiting chemsha, to boil
chandalua(vy), mosquito net chenezo(vy), a measuring-line
chane(-), slit leaves for plaiting chenga, a dodge; piga chenga,
-changa, young to dodge
changa, i to chop up; 2 to collect chengachenga, small bits; grains
(money, etc.) chenza(ma), tangerine orange
-changamfu, cheerful cheo(vy), measure; rank
size;
changamka, be cheerful chepe(ma), ill-bred person
changamsha, enliven chepechepe, moist; soppy
changanua, to separate; analyse cherehani(-), sewing machine
changanya, to mix -cheshi, amusing
changanyiko(ma), a mixture chetezo(vy), a censer
changarawe(-), grit; gravel cheti(vy), certificate; pass; chit
chango(-), contribution; levy -£heua, to eructate; chew the cud
chango(vy), hook; peg cheza, to play
changua, to dismember chezacheza, be loose-fitting
chanikiwiti, light green chezea, to play with; to mock;
chanja, to cut; vaccinate; cha- chezewa, be mocked
njwa, be vaccinated chicha(-), grated coconut
chano(vy), wooden tray chimba, to dig; chimbika, be
chanua, to put forth leaves; to dug
flower chimbua, to dig out
chanuo(-), a comb chimbuka, to appear
chanyata, to slice up; wash care- chimbo(ma), a pit; quarry
fully chimbuko(ma), a pit; source
chanzo(vy), a beginning chimvi, ill-omened person or
chapa(-), a mark; print; piga animal
chapa, to print chini, on the ground; chini ya,
chapua, to speed up; chapua under; below
miguu, stamp; walk quickly chinja, to slaughter
chapuchapu!, Hurry up! chipua, chipuka, to sprout
chapukia, be well-flavoured chipukizi(ma), young plant
chapwa, insipid chocha, to prod
charaza, do with vigour or skill chochea, to stir up; provoke
chatu(-), a python choka, to get tired
chawa(-), a louse; lice chokaa(-), lime; whitewash
chaza(-), an oyster chokoa, to poke out
checha, to cut into small pieces chokochoko(-), discord
cheche(-), spark; small piece chokoza, to provoke
chechemea, to limp -chokozi, annoying
cheka, to laugh; laugh at choma, to stab; to burn; cho-
chekecha, to sieve mwa, be stabbed; burnt
chekecheke(-), a sieve chombo(vy), 1 any kind of uten-
chekelea, to smile sil; 2 sailing vessel
chekesha, to amuse chomeka, to stick into
cheko(ma), a roar of laughter chomoa, to draw out
CHO 29 DAL
chomoza, to burst forth chuma, 1 to gather flowers or
chonga, to cut to shape fruit; 2 to gain by trade
chongea, to slander; chongewa, chumba(vy), a room
be slandered chumvi(-), salt
chongelezo(ma), talebearing chuna, to skin
chongo, one-eyed chunga, 1 to look after; shepherd
chongoa, cut to a point 2 to sift
chongoka, be sharp, jagged -chungu, bitter
chonyota, to smart chungu(vy), cooking pot
choo(vy), i cess-pit, lavatory; chungu(-), j an ant; 2 a heap
2 faeces; urine chungua, chunguza, to scrutin-
chopi, limping ize
chopoa, pull out; snatch away chungulia, to peep at; inspect
chopoka, let slip carefully; chunguliwa, be scru-
chora, to engrave; chorachora, tinized
to scribble chungwa(ma), an orange
choroko(-), small peas chuo(vy), a book; school
chosha, to fatigue; -a kuchosha, chupa, to jump down
dreary; tiresome chupa(-), a bottle
chota, take up little by little chura(vy), a frog
choto(ma), small amount churuzika, to trickle away
-chovu, tiring chuuza, to trade
chovya, to dip; immerse; cho- chwa, to set (sun)
vywa, be immersed chwea, chwelewa, be overtaken
choyo, greed by dark
chozi(ma), i a tear-drop; 2 a
sunbird D
chubua, to graze the skin
chubuka, be grazed daawa(-), a lawsuit
chubuko(ma), a raw place dada(-), sister; dadiye, his sister
chuchu(-), a teat dadisi, be inquisitive
chuchumia, to reach up to dafina(-), treasure
chuguu(ma), an ant-heap daftari(-), account-book; regis-
chui(-), a leopard ter, etc.
chuja, to filter; strain; chujwa, dafu(ma) a young coconut
t

be strained dagaa(-), whitebait

chujio(-), a strainer dai, to claim; jidai, to claim
chujo(-), the strained product falsely
chujuka, to fade dai(ma), a claim
chuki, hatred; resentment daima, constantly; -a daima,
chukia, to hate; dislike; chu- perpetual
kiwa, be disliked daiwa, be sued
chukiza, to inspire aversion; daka(ma), a recess
chukizwa, be offended daka, to pounce on; catch
chukizo(ma), a disgusting thing dakika(-), a minute
chukua, to carry; chukuliwa, be dakiza, to interrupt; contradict
carried dakizo(ma), an objection; con-
chukuana, to agree together; be tradiction
relevant daktari(ma) a doctor t

chukuliana, bear with one an- dakua, to let out secret

other dalali(-), an auctioneer; broker
chukuza, employ as porter dalasini(-), cinnamon
chuma(vy), iron, steel dalili(-), a sign
DAM 30 DUM
damu(-), blood dhikika, be hard-pressed
daftiga, to scoop up carefully dhili, to humiliate; dhiliwa,
danganya, to deceive; danga- be humiliated
nywa, be deceived dhili(-), mean condition
-danganyifu, crafty -dhilifu, mean; insignificant
danganyika, be deceived dhoofika, to lose strength
danganyo(ma), a deception dhoofisha, to weaken
danguro(ma), a brothel dhoruba(-), a storm
daraja(ma), a bridge; steps; rank dhulumu, to treat unjustly;
daraka(ma), responsibility oppress; dhulumiwa, be op-
darasa(ma), a class; classroom pressed
dari(-), ceiling; flat roof dhuru, to harm; dhurika, be
darubini( - ) , telescope micro-
;
harmed
scope dia(-), a ransom; compensation
dau(ma), native dhow dibaji(-), a preface
dawa(-), medicine; dawa ya didimia, to sink down
viatu, shoe-polish didimisha, to force down
debe(ma), 4-gallon oil tin dimbwi(ma), a pool
deka, be conceited dini(-), religion
dekeza, to spoil a child dira(-), mariner's compass
dekua, bring down at one blow \diriki, to be in time to
dema(-), a fish-trap dirisha(ma), a window
demani(-), end of south mon- divai(-), wine
soon; lee-side diwani(ma), a councillor
dengu(-), lentils doa(ma), a blotch; stain
deni(-), a debt dobi(ma), a laundryman
dereva, driver dodoki(ma), a loofah
desturi(-), custom -dogo, small
dhabihu(-), a sacrifice dokeza, to hint
dhahabu(-), gold dokezo(ma), a hint
dhahiri, evident dola, the government
dhaifu, weak dona, donoa, to peck at
dhalimu, unjust dondoa, to pick up bit by bit;
dhalimu(ma), a tyrant make a selection
dhamana(-), surety; bail dondoo(ma), selections; antho-
dhambi(-), sin logy
dhamini, to guarantee donge(ma), a lump; ball of
dhamiri(-), conscience thread, etc.
dhana(-), a supposition donoa, to peck; strike (snake)
dhani, to think; suppose doria(-), a patrol
dhara(-), harm dosari(-), a blemish
dharau(-), contempt; scorn dua(-), a petition; prayer
dharau, to despise; dharauUwa, duara(-), a circle; wheel
be despised dubu(-), a bear
-dharaulifu, discourteous dubwana(ma), a monster
dharuba(-), a blow dudu(ma), large insect
dhati(-), free-will; determination duduka, be pock-marked
dhihaka(-), ridicule dufu, insipid
dhihaki, to ridicule; dhihakiwa, dugi, blunt
be ridiculed dugika, be blunt
dhihirisha, to show clearly; duka(ma), shop
dhihirika, be clear dukiza, to eavesdrop
dhiki(-), distress dumaa, be stunted; stupid
DUM 31 FAN
dume(ma), a male animal Enyi!, You!
dumisha, to cause to continue enzi, might; dominion
dumu, to continue; persevere epa, to avoid
dunduliza, to save up epea to miss the mark
,

dungu(ma), raised platform for -epesi, 1 quick; 2 light in weight;

bird scarers 3 easy
duni, inferior epua, to take pot off fire
dunia(-), the world epuka, to avoid epukwa, be ;

dunisha, to underrate; despise avoided

dutu(ma), a wart, pimple, etc. eropleni(-), aeroplane
duwaa, be dumbfounded -etu, our/s
eua, to purify ceremonially
E -eupe, white
•eusi, black
eda(-), wife’s period of mourning Ewe!, You there!
edashara, eleven ezeka, to thatch; ezekwa, be
egama, to lean thatched
egamia, to lean on ezua, to take thatch off
egemea, see tegemea
eka{-), an acre F
•ekundu, red
elea, i be intelligible; 2 to float fa (kufa), to die
eleka, to carry on back or hip faa, be useful; proper
elekea, be inclined to be probable fadhaa( - ) , dismay
;

-elekevu, quick to learn fadhaika, be troubled

elekeza, to show the way; direct fadhaisha, to disquiet
eleleza, to follow a pattern fadhiii(-), a favour
elewa, to understand fadhili, do a kindness to
eleza, to explain fafanisha, fafanua, to liken to;
elezo(ma), explanation make clear
elfeen, two thousand fafanuka, be clear
elfu, a thousand fafanusha, to explain make clear ;

elimisha, to educate; elimika, fagia, to sweep fagiwa, be swept

;

be educated fagio(ma), a broom

elimu(-), knowledge; science fahali(ma), a bull
-ema, good fahamika, be comprehensible
-embamba, narrow; thin fahamisha, to inform; remind
embe(ma), a mango -fahamivu, intelligent
enda, to go fahamu( - consciousness
) ,

endeka, be passable fahamu, to know; understand

endekeza, to adapt; put right; fahari(-), splendour
spoil a child fahirisi(-), table of contents;
endelea, to continue; progress index
endesha, to drive faida(-), profit
enea, be spread out be sufficient
;
faidi, to profit from
eneo(ma), area faini(-), a fine
eneza, to spread abroad measure
;
fali(-), augury of good or bad
fit luck
enezi(ma), distribution fanaka(-), prosperity
engua, to skim off fanana, to resemble
-enu, your/s fananisha, to compare
-enye, having fanikiwa, to prosper
-enyewe, self fanusi(-), a hand-lamp
FAN 32 FUK
fanya, to do; make finga, to protect by charms
fartyika, be done; be doable fingirika, fingirisha, to roll
fanyiza, to make along
fara, level measure fingo(ma), a charm
faradhi(-), obligation finya, to pinch; make too narrow
faragha(-), seclusion; faraghani, finyana, be shrivelled wrinkled
;

in private finyanga, to make pots

faraja(-), consolation finyo(ma), a narrow place; a
faraka(-), a division crease
farakana, be estranged fisadi(ma), a corrupt person;
farakano(ma), a sect seducer
farasi( - ), a horse fisha, to kill
fariji, to console; farijika, be fisi(-), a hyena
comforted fisidi, to corrupt; seduce
fariki, to die fitina(-), discord
farisi, expert; capable fitini, fitinisha, make discord
fasaha, fasihi, elegant in speech fiwa, be bereaved
or writing foka, to burst out; boil over
fasiki(-), a profligate fora(-), a success; a win
fasiri, to interpret; translate; forodha, The Customs
fasiriwa, be translated Trasila(-), a measure c. 35 lbs
fataki(-), fireworks; crackers, etc. fua, 1 to wash clothes; 2 to work
fatiha, opening of the Koran; in iron; 3 to husk coconuts
prayer for the dead fuata, to follow; fuatwa, be
faulu, to succeed followed
fedha(-), silver; money fuatana, to accompany
fedheha(-), shame fuatisha, to copy
fedheheka, be put to shame fuawe(-), an anvil
fedhehesha, to put to shame fudifudi, (to lie) face downwards
fell, i an act; 2 a misdeed fudikiza, turn upside down
fenesi(ma), jakfruit fufua, to revive
fieha, to hide; fichwa; fichika, fufuka, to come to life
be hidden fuga, to keep livestock
fidhuli, insolent fugo(ma), stock-keeping; animal
fidi, to ransom given in payment
fidia(-), a ransom fuja, to bungle; waste
fifia, to fade fujo(ma), mess; disorder
a kidney fukara(-), a destitute person
fika, to arrive fukarika, become poor
fikara(-), meditation fukarisha, make poor
fikia, to reach; overtake fukla, 1 to fill in a hole; 2 to give
fikicha, to crumble; rub out smoke
fikichika, be friable fukiza, to fufnigate
fikiliza, to bring about fukizo(ma), vapour; fumes
ftkira(-), reflection fuko(ma), 1 an excavation; 2 a
fikiri, to consider; fikiriwa, be mole
considered fukua, to dig out; fukuliwa, be
fikirisha, to make one think dug out
fikisha, help someone to arrive fukuto(ma), sweat
filimbi(-), a whistle; pipe fukuza, to drive away; fukuzwa,
filisi, to ruin be driven away
filisika, to go bankrupt fukuzana, to chase one another
fimbo(-), a light stick fukuzano(ma), a persecution
FUL 33 GEtJ
fulana(-), vest fuu, fuvu(ma), empty shell; the
fulani, a certain person or thing skull
fuliza, fululiza, to keep on doing
fuzi(ma), shoulder
continue fuzu, to succeed win ;

fuma, to weave; knit fyata, to put between legs; fyata

fumania, to take in the act ulimi, control your tongue
fumaniwa, be caught doing
fyatua, let off a gun or trap
fumba, to close; mystify fyatuka, go off suddenly
fumbata, to grasp fyeka, to cut down bush
fumbo(ma), a dark saying; fyeko(ma), cleared space for cul-
mystery tivation
fumbua, to unclose; reveal fyoa, to reap by cutting
fumua, to unravel; unpick fyonza, to suck
fumukana. to disperse
funda, i to pound; 2 to gulp; 3 to G
instruct
fundi(ma), a craftsman gaagaa, to roll from side to side
fundika, to make a knot gadi(ma), a prop
fundisha, to teach gadimu, to prop; shore up;
fundo(ma), a knot gadimiwa, be propped up
funga, to fasten; to fast; fungwa, gaidi(ma), a bandit
be fastened gamba(ma), bark; scale
funganya, fungasha, to pack gambusi(-), native banjo
fungate(-), seven-days honey- ganda(ma), shell; pod; skin of
moon fruit
fungu(ma), 1 a portion; 2 a sand- ganda, to coagulate; freeze
bank; heap; 3 a group gandama, be frozen, coagulated
fungua, to unfasten; open; fu- gandamia, adhere to
ll gull wa, be opened gandamiza, to press; compress
funguka, to come undone gando(ma), crab’s claw
funika, to cover; funikwa, be gandua, to pull away; rescue
covered ganga, to mend; heal
funua, to uncover; reveal gango(ma), a splint; splice
fununu(-), a rumour gani?, what kind of?
funza(ma), maggot; jigger ganzi(-), numbness; kufa ganzi,
funza, to instruct go numb
funzo(ma), instruction gao(ma), a handful
-fupi, short; low gari(ma), a wheeled vehicle
fupisha, to shorten gatl(-), landing-stage
fura, to swell; effervesce gauni(ma), a dress
furaha(-), joy gawa, gawanya, to divide; ga-
furahi, to rejoice; furahiwa, be wiwa, be divided
rejoiced at gawia, gawanyia, give a share
furahisha, to dehght to
furika, to overflow gazeti(ma), magazine; newspaper
furiko(ma), a flood gego(ma), a molar tooth
furufuru(-), confusion gema, to tap (for rubber, palm-
furukuta, be restless wine, etc.)
furushi(ma), a bundle genge(ma) ,
precipice ravine
;

futa, 1 to wipe; obliterate; 2 to -geni, strange; -a klgeni, foreign

unsheathe gereji(ma), a garage
futika, to stick into belt, etc. gereza(ma), a prison
futua, to pull out -geugeu, changeable
GEU 34 HAJ
geuka, geuza, to turn round; gugumia, to gulp down
change gugumiza, to stutter
ghadhabika, be angry guguna, to gnaw
ghadhabu(-), anger gumba, sterile; kidole gumba,
ghafilika, be taken unawares the thumb
ghafula, suddenly; unexpectedly -gumu, hard; difficult
ghairi, to change one’s min d; guna, to grunt show discontent
;

ghairi ya, without gundi(-), adhesive gum

ghala(-), store-room gundua, to catch unawares;
ghali, scarce; expensive startle; gunduliwa, be come
ghalika, to rise in price upon unexpectedly
ghamu(-), grief gunga, to keep a taboo
gharama(-), expense gunia(ma), a sack
gharika(-), a flood guno(ma), grumbling
gharikisha, to inundate gunzi(ma), a maize cob
gharimia, to bear the expense gurudumu(ma), a wheel
of gusa, to touch; guswa, be
ghasi, to disturb touched
ghasia(-), disturbance gusika, be touchable
ghiliba, rivalry guta, to shout
ghilibu, get the better of gutu(ma), a stump
ghofira(-), absolution gutua, to startle; gutuka, be
ghoshi, to adulterate startled
ghuba(-), a gulf gwaride, military parade
giza(-), darkness
goboa, to break off strip off
; H
gQdoro(ma), a mattress
gofu(ma), a broken-down house For other words with H
prefixes
gogo(ma), a log see page 19
gogota, to tap baba, few; very little
goigoi, lazy; useless habari(-), news; habari za,
gololi(ma), a marble about
goma, to strike work Habeshi, Abyssinia
gomba, gombana, to quarrel hadaa, to cheat; hadaiwa, be
gombea, to compete for; dispute cheated
gombeza, to reprimand hadaa(>), trickery
gombo(ma), leaf of book hadhara(-), a meeting; in front
gome(ma), bark; shell of
gonga, to knock hadhari(-), caution
gongana, to collide hadhari, be cautious; jihadharil,
gongo(ma), a cudgel Look outl
gongomea, to nail up; gongo- hadi, until; up to
mewa, be nailed up hadithi(-), a story
gota, to tap hadithia, to narrate; hadithiwa,
goti(ma), a knee; piga magoti, be told
kneel down hafifu, insignificant
gubeti(-), prow of native vessel hai, alive
gubika, to cover; gubikwa, be haiba, noble bearing
covered haidhuru, it doesn't matter
gubua, to uncover haini(-), a traitor; to betray
gudi(ma), a dock haja(-), need; request
gudulia(ma), water- jar hajambo, he is well
gugil(ma), a weed haji(-), pilgrimage to Mecca
HAK 35 HIM
haki(-), justice; right; -a haki, harufu(-), odour
just hasa, especially
hakika(-), certainty hasara(-), loss; damage
hakikisha, to make sure hasira(-), anger
hakimu(ma), a judge hasiri, to damage; hasiriwa, be
hakuna, no; there is not damaged; incur loss
halafu, afterwards hata, until; up to; hata kidogo,
halaiki(-), a crowd not at all
halali, lawful hatamu(-), bridle
halalisha, to legalize hatari(-), danger
hali, state;U hali gani? How are document; hati ya
hati(-), ma-
you? ombi, application form
halifu, to rebel against; disobey hatia(-), guilt
halisi, genuine; truly hatima( - ), end hatimaye, finally
;

halmashauri(-), a council hatirisha, to endanger

halzeti, olive oil hatua(-), a step; pace
hama, to move away; hamia, to hawa(-), strong desire; hawa
move to nafsi, egotism
-hamaji, migratory haya(-), modesty; bashfulness
hamaki, to get angry suddenly; hayawani(-), a beast
quick temper hazina(-), treasury
hamali(ma), a porter hedaya(-), a costly gift
hamamu(-), public baths hedhi( - ), menses
hame(ma), a deserted village hekaheka, shouts of encourage-
hamira(-), yeast ment
hamisha, to move people; banish hekalu(ma), temple
hamu(-), a yearning hekaya(-), a legend
hanamu, oblique; sloping edge hekima(-), wisdom
handaki(ma), a trench hema(-), a tent; piga hema,
hangaika, be anxious pitch a tent
hangaiko(ma), anxiety hema, to pant for breath
hangaisha, make anxious hemera, to search for food
hani, to condole with heri(-), happiness; Kwa heri,
hapa, here Goodbye
hapana, no; there is not herufi(-), a letter ( alphabet
hapo, there; then hesabia, consider to be
hara, to have diarrhoea hesabu(-), accounts; arithmetic
-harabu, destructive hesabu, to reckon; hesabiwa, be
haraka(-), haste reckoned
harakisha, to hustle heshima(-), honour; respect
haramla(ma), bandit; pirate heshimu, to honour heshimiwa,
;

haramu, prohibited be honoured

harara(-), body heat; hot temper hewa(-), air
hari(-), heat hiari(-), choice; free-will; -a
-haribifu, destructive hiari, voluntary
haribika, be spoilt hidi, to convert; hidiwa, be con-
haribu, to destroy; spoil verted
harimisha, to excommunicate; hifadhi, to preserve; hifadhiwa,
declare illegal be preserved
harimu(ma), forbidden persons hiji, to go on pilgrimage
or things hila(-), craftiness
hariri(-), silk hima(-), haste; quickly
harisha, to cause diarrhoea purge
;
himaya(-), protection
HIM 36 INI
himidi,topraise(God) himidiwa,
;
husika, to apply to; be concerned
be praised with
himili, to bear; support husu, to concern
himiza to urge haste
, husuda(-), envy
hini, hinisha, to withhold from husudu, to envy; husudiwa, be
hirizi(-), a charm; amulet envied
hisa(-), a share; portion hususa, special; especially
hisani(-), kindness hutubu, to preach
hitaji, to need; hitajiwa, be huzuni(-), grief
needed huzunika, be grieved
hitilafiana, be different huzunisha, to grieve
hitilafu(-), difference; blemish
hitimu, to finish education I
hivi, hivyo, thus
hizi, to disgrace iba, to steal
hodari, brave; capable ibada(-), worship
hodi, May I come in? A ns. karibu Ibilisi, the Devil
hofia, be afraid for ibia, to rob ibiwa, be robbed
;

hofu(-), fear idadi(-), a number; bila idadi,

hohe hahe, utterly destitute uncountable
hoi, in a bad state ^idara(-), a Government Depart-
hoja(-), subject under discussion; ment
business idhini(-), permission
hoji, to interrogate idhini, idhinisha, to sanction;
hojiana, to discuss authorize
homa(-), fever idi(-), Moslem festival
honga, to bribe; pay toll iga, igiza, to imitate
hongeza, i extort payment; 2 to igizo(ma), imitation; dramatiza-
congratulate tion
hori(-), 1 a creek; 2 a manger ijapo, although
hotuba(-), a sermon; address ijara(-), wages
hua(-), a kind of dove ijumaa, Friday
huba(>), love; friendship ikiwa, if
hubiri, to preach ikiza, to lay across
hudhuria, to attend a meeting iktisadi(-), economy
hudhurio(ma), attendance ila, except; ilakini, but
huduma(-), service; ministry ila(-), a flaw
huenda, perhaps ilani(-), a notice; proclamation
huisha, to give life to ill, in order that
hujambo?, Are you well? imamu, Mosque minister
huko, huku, here; there; huko imanl(-), faith
nyuma, meanwhile imara, firm
hukumu(-), judgement Imarisha, make firm
hukumu, to judge; hukumiwa, imba, to sing
be judged imla, dictation
hulka(-), human condition, char- inama ; inamisha, to bend down
acteristics, etc. inda(-), spite
huluku, to create ingawa, although
humo, humu, in there -ingi, many; much
huru, free ingia, to enter ingiwa, be entered
;

huruma(-), compassion -ingine, some; other

hurumia, show mercy to ingiza, to admit; put in
husiana, be relevant ini(ma), the liver
INJ 37 JIP
InjiU, the Gospel jaribu, to try; test; jaribiwa, be
inshallah, God willing tested
inua, to lift up inuliwa, be
; lifted jaribu(ma)y temptation
trial;
up jasho(-), sweat; toka jasho, to
inuka, to get up perspire
inzi(ma), a fly jasiriy to venture; -jasiri, daring
ipi?, which? jasisi, to spy
isha, to finish; be finished jasusi(ma), a spy
ishara(-), a sign; signal jawabu(ma), an answer; a matter
ishi, to live jaza, to fill
ishilio(ma), stopping point jaziy to bestow on
ishirini,twenty je?y well? -je, how?
ishiwa na, to have none left Jehanum, Hell
isipokuwa, unless jela(-), prison
islamu, Moslem religion jemadari(ma), a commanding
ita, to call; itwa, be called officer
itika, to answer a call jembe(ma), a hoe
itikio(ma), response jeneza(-), a bier
iva, to get ripe be well-cooked
; jenga, to build; jengwa, be
iwapo, if built
jengo(ma), a building; building
J materials
jeraha(ma), a wound
ja (kuja), to come jeruhi, to wound; jeruhiway be
jaa(-), a rubbish-heap wounded
jabali(ma), rocky prominence jeshi(ma)y an army
jadi(-), lineage jeuri(-), violence
jadili, to cross-question jia, to come to; jiwa, be visited
jadiliana, to debate jibini(-), cheese
jadiliano(ma), a debate jibu, to answer jibiwa, be
;

jaha(-), good fortune answered

jahazi(ma), a dhow jibu(ma)y an answer
jaji(ma), a judge jicho (macho), an eye
jalada(-), a book cover For prefix JI see page 20
jali, to heed; respect jVendesha, be automatic
jalia, to grant; jaliwa, be granted jifanya, to pretend
jalidi, to bind a book jfgamba, to brag
jamaa(-), family; relatives jjhadhari, take care
jamala(-), courtesy jfhini, to abstain from
jambia(-), Arab dagger jike (majike), female animal
jam bo (mambo), a matter some- jiko (meko), cooking place;
;
ji-
thing; jambo!, a greeting koni, kitchen
jamhuri(-), a republic jikwaa, to stumble
jamii(-), a group: collection jimbo(ma), province; county
jamii, to have intercourse jina(ma), a name
jamvi(ma), plaited mat -jinga, stupid; ignorant
jana, yesterday jini(ma), a genie
jangwa(ma), desert jino (meno), a tooth
jani(ma), a leaf how
jinsi,
-janja, cunning ymyima, to deny oneself
japo, although jVona be vain
,

jaribio(ma), an experiment; trial jionl, evening

jaribosi, metal foil y/patia, to acquire
JIP 38 KAL
jipu(ma), abscess kaanga, to fry; kangwa, be
jirani(ma), neighbour fried
y«sifu, to boast kaango(-), a frying-pan
yistahi, have self-respect kaba, to press, throttle; kabwa,
jVsuka, to balance oneself be throttled
jitahidi, make an effort kabari(-), a wedge
y/tanguliza, put oneself forward kabati(ma), a cupboard
y*tegemea, be self-reliant kabidhi, to entrust to; kabi-
jitihadi(-), an effort dhiwa, be entrusted with
jitu(majitu), a giant -kabidhi, economical; miserly
jiuzulu, abdicate kabidhi(-), charge; guardianship
;Vvuna, to boast; /Vvunia, pride kabila(-), tribe
oneself on kabili, to face towards
jiwe (mawe), a stone kabiliana, to confront one an-
jogoo(ma), a cock other
johari(-), a jewel kabisa, absolutely
joho(ma), an Arab robe kabla (ya), before (time)
joka(ma), a huge snake; dragon kaburi(ma), a grave
joko(ma), a kiln kadamnasi, in front of
jongea, jongeza, to move along kadhalika, likewise
jongoo(ma), a millipede kadha, various; such-and-such
jora(ma), a bale of cloth kadha wa kadha (kwk), etcetera
jo to, heat (etc.)
jozi(-), a pair kadhi(ma), Moslem judge
jua(ma), the sun kadiri, kadirisha, to evaluate;
jua, to know; juliwa, be known kadiriwa, be estimated
j uana, to know one another kadiri(-), amount; moderation
juha(ma), a simpleton kadiri ya, about
juhudi(-), zeal kafara(-), a sacrifice
jukwaa(ma), stage; scaffolding kafi(ma), a paddle
julikana, be known kafiri(ma), an infidel
julisha, make known kaga, to protect by charms
juma(ma), a week kago(ma), a protective charm
Jumamosi, Saturday kagua, to inspect; audit; kagu-
Jumapili, Sunday liwa, be inspected
jumba(ma), a hall; large house kahaba(ma), a prostitute
jumbe(ma), a Chief kahawa, coffee (after grinding
jumla(-), the total kaidi, to contradict; be obstinate;
jumlisha, to add up -kaidi, obstinate
jumuiya(-), a society; association kaimu(ma), an agent
juta, to regret kaka(ma), elder brother
juto(ma), remorse kakakaka, in a hurry
juu, up; above; juu ya, over; -kakamizi, stubborn
down from kakamua, to struggle to do some-
juujuu, superficially thing
juzi(ma), day before yesterday kakao(-), cocoa
juzu, be fitting; behove kakara, struggling; wrestling
kakawana(ma), a strong well-
K built man
kalamka, be quick-witted
kaa(ma), charcoal; coal; embers kalamkia, to outwit; kala-
kaa(-), a crab mkiwa,
be outwitted
kaakaa(ma), roof of mouth kalamu(-), pen; pencil
KAL 39 KA\
kale, old times; -a kale, old; -a karaha(-), disgust
kikale, old-fashioned karakana(-), a factory
kale na kale, for ever and ever karama(-), a gracious gift
kalenda(-), calendar karamu(-), a feast
-kali, sharp; fierce karanga(-), groundnuts
kalika, kaliwa, be inhabited karani(ma), a clerk
kama, to squeeze; milk karata(-), playing-cards
kama, i as, like; 2 if, whether; karatasi(-), paper
3 that; 4 about karibia, to draw near
kamari(-), gambling karibiana, to converge
kamata, to seize; kamatwa, be karibisha, welcome; kari-
to
seized bishwa, be welcomed
kamba(-), 1 rope; 2 lobster; 3 karibu! Come in!
honeycomb karibu, near; nearly
kambi(-), a camp karimu, generous
kambo, step- baba wa kambo, karipia, to rebuke karlpiwa, be
; ;

stepfather rebuked
kame, arid karipio(ma), a reprimand
kamia, to extort by threats kariri, to repeat, recite
kamili, -kamilifu, perfect; com- karne(-), a century
plete kasa(-), a turtle
kamilika, be completed, perfec- kasa, less by; kasa robo, three-
ted quarters
kamilisha, to complete, make kasha(ma), a box
perfect kashifa(-), slander; libel
kamio(ma), threatening demands kashifiwa, be slandered
kampuni(ma), company kashifu, to slander
kamsa(-), an alarm kasi, with force
kamua, to squeeze; kamuliwa, kasia(ma), an oar
be squeezed kasidi, intentionally
kamusi(-), a dictionary kasirani(-), anger
kamwe, never not at all
;
kasirika, to be angry
kana, to deny kasirisha, to anger
kana kwamba, as if kasisi(ma), a priest
kanda, to knead kaskazi(-), north-wind; the hot
kandika, to plaster; kandikwa, season
be plastered kaskazini, the north
kandiko(ma), clay for plastering kasoro, less by; a blemish
kando, aside; kando ya, beside kasuku(-), a parrot
kanga(-), 1 women's garment; kaswende(-), syphilis
2 guinea-fowl kata(-), a ladle
kanikana, be deniable kata, to cut; to decide; katwa, be
kaniki, dark cotton material cut
kanisa(ma), a church kataa, final; decisive
kanuni(-), a rule; principle kataa(-), a section; a part of
kanusha, to refute kataa, to refuse; kataliwa, be
kanya, to forbid, rebuke refused
kanyaga, to trample on, tread; katani(-), sisal
kanyagwa, be trodden on kataza, to forbid; katazwa, be
kanzu(-), men's garment forbidden
kao(ma), dwelling-place katazo(ma), a prohibition
kaputula(-), shorts kati, katikati, in the middle
karafuu( - ) , cloves kati ya, between ; among
KAT 40 KIF
katibu(-), a clerk- kiazi(vi), potato
kiitika, in; out of; off kibaba(vi), grain measure c. 1 pt.
-katili, cruel kibali, acceptance; favour
katiza, to cut short kibanda(vi), shed; hut
katua, to polish; katuliwa, be kibandiko(vi), anything stuck on
polished kibano(vi), tweezers, pincers, vice,
kauka, to get dry etc.
kauli(-), expressed opinion kibanzi(vi), splinter
kauri(-), a cowrie shell; china kibao(vi), slate; shelf, board
kausha, to dry kibarua(vi), a casual labourer
-kavu, dry kiberiti(vi), a match; sulphur
kawa(-), a plaited dish-cover kibeti(vi), a dwarf
kawaida(-), custom; usage kibiongo(vi), a hunchback
kawia, to delay kibofu(vi), bladder
kawilisha, to detain kiboko(vi), hippopotamus
kawisha, to get into arrears kibonyeo(vi), a dent
kayamba(-), a rattle kibuhuti, perplexity
kaza, to make fast; emphasize; kiburi(-), pride
kazwa, be emphasized kiburudisho(vi), anything re-
kazana, to make a united effort freshing
kazi(-), work kibuyu(vi), a calabash
-ke, female kibweta, small box
kefu, kifu(-), sufficiency kichaa, insanity
kekee(-), a boring tool kicha(vi), bunch of palm-leaf
kelele(ma), uproar; shouting strips
kemea, to rebuke; kemewa, be kichaka(vi), bush; copse
rebuked kichala(vi), bunch of fruit
kenda, nine kichefuchefu, nausea
kengele(-), a bell; piga kengele, kicho, awe
to ring kichochoro(vi), alley; passage
kengeua, to turn from the right kichomi(vi), a stabbing pain
way kichuguu(vi), an anthill
kera, to irritate, worry kichwa(vi), head
kereketa, to irritate kidau(vi), an inkpot
kero(-), importunity kidevu(vi), chin
kesha, to stay awake keep watch
; kidhi, to grant; satisfy; kidhi-
kesho, tomorrow wa, be granted
kesho kutwa, day after tomorrow kidimbwi(vi), a pool
kesi(-), a lawsuit kidogo, a little; kidogo kidogo,
keti, to sit down gradually
KH is now written as H. For kidokezi(vl), a clue
prefix KI see page 20 kidole(vi), a finger; toe; kidole
ki, it is gumba, thumb
kiada, carefully; distinctly kidonda(vi), an ulcer
kiaga(vi), a promise kidonge(vi), a pill; small lump
kiambaza(vi), a partition wall kidudu(vi), small insect
kianga, sunshine kielekezo ; kielelezo(vi), direc-
kiangazi, the hot season tions; pattern
kiapo(vi), an oath kifaa(vi), a useful thing
kiarabu, Arabic kifaduro, whooping cough
kiasi, amount; moderation; -a kifani(vi) ; kifano(vi), something
kiasi, temperate similar
kiatu(vi), shoe kifaranga(vi), chicken
KIF 41 KIN
kifaru(vi), rhinoceros kiko(vi), i tobacco pipe; 2 elbow
kifichifichi, stealthily kikoa(vi), co-operation; a team
kificho(vi), concealment kikombe(vi), a cup
kifijo(vi), applause kikomo(vi), end
kifiko(vi), arrival kikoromeo(vi), larynx
kifo(vi), death kikosi(vi), a band; a troop
kifua(vi), chest; chest complaint kikuku(vi), a bracelet
kifudifudi, prostrate kikumbo(vi), a shove
kifundo(vi), a knot kikuza-sauti, microphone
kifungo(vi), a button; fastening kila, every
kifungoni, in prison kilaji, food
kifuniko(vi), a lid kile, that
kifupi, briefly kilele(vi), a peak; tree-top
kifurifuri, brimming over kilema(vi), a lame person
kifusi(vi), debris kilemba(vi), a turban
kigae(vi), piece of broken pot; a kileo(vi), an intoxicant
roof-slate kilima(vi), a hill
kigego(vi), ill-omened child or kilimi, uvula
animal kilimo, agriculture
-a kigeni, unusual kilindi(vi), deep water
kigeugeu, changeableness kilio(vilio), a mourning; lamenta-
kigingi(vi), a tethering-peg tion
kigongo(vi), a hump kilo(-), a kilogramme
kigosho(vi), a deformed arm kiluwiluwi(vi), a tadpole; mos-
kigugumizi, stammering quito larva
kigwe(vi), braid, cord, etc. kima(-), 1 a monkey; 2 price
kiherehere, anxiety kimaada, genuine
kihoro, great grief kimacho, alert
Kiingereza, the English language; kimbia, to run
-a kiingereza, English kimbilia, to run to safety
kiini(vi), inner part; kernel kimbilio(ma), a refuge
kiinimacho, jugglery; magic kimbiza, to drive away; ki-
kiitikio(vi), refrain; response mbizwa, be driven away
kijaluba(vi), small metal box kimbunga(vi), typhoon
kijana(vi), a youth kimelea(vi), a parasite
kijicho, envy; malice kimetameta(vi), a sparkling light
kijidudu(vi), a germ; microbe kimia, network; trellis
kijiji(vi), a village kimo, height
kijiko(vi), a teaspoon kimombo, the English language
kijiti(vi), a small stick; peg kimu, to provide for
kijito(vi), a brook kimulimuli(vi), firefly
kijivu, grey kimwa, be put out; be sulky
kijumba(vi), a small compart- kimwondo(vi), meteor
ment; a cell kimya, silence; silently
kijumbe(vi), a go-betvveen kina, same as akina
kikaango(vi), a frying-pan kina(vi), 1 depth; 2 rhyme
kikaka, a rush, hurry kinai, to be 1 satisfied 2 surfeited
;

kikao(vi), position; place of resi- kinaisha, to satisfy; to nauseate

dence kinanda(vi), stringed instrument
kukapu(vi), plaited basket kinara(vi), candlestick
-a kike, female kinaya(-), self-sufficiency
kikiki, firmly kinga, to ward off; guard; ki-
kikisa, to perplex ngwa, be protected
KIN 42 KIT
kinga(-), an obstruction kipusa, rhino horn; a young girl
kifigalingali on the back
,
kiraka(vi) f a patch; spot
kingama, to lie across kiri, to acknowledge
king!, much kiriba(vi), water-skin
kingine, another kirihi, to abhor
kingiza, to protect; ward off kirimu, be generous to
kinu(vi), mortar for pounding kiroboto(vi), a flea
corn grinding mill
;
klsa(vi), story; report
klnubi(vi), a Nubian harp kisahani(vi), a saucer
kinundu(vi), a knob -a kisasa, modern; up-to-date
kinyaa, filth; disgust kisasi, revenge
kinyemi, something good kisha, then; afterwards
kinyesi, excrement kishaufu(vi), a trinket
kinyevu, humidity kishawishi(vi), an incentive
kinyonga(vi), a chameleon kishenzi, uncivilized ( abusive)
kinyongo, illfeeling; kwa ki- ki8himo(vi), burrow; small hole
nyongo, unwillingly kishindo(vi) t a shock
kinyozi(vi), a barber kisi, kisia, to estimate; kisiwa,
kinyume, the contrary; back- be estimated
wards kisigino(vi), heel; elbow
kinywa(vi), mouth 'kisima(vi), a well
kinywaji(vi), a beverage kisio(ma) t estimation
kinza, kinzana, to oppose; ob- kisirani(-), misfortune
struct kisiwa(vi), island
kioja(vi), a marvel ki8ogo(vi), back of head; kupa
kiolezo(vi), a pattern; sample kisogo, turn the back on
kiongozi(vi), a leader, guide kisonono, gonorrhoea
kionjo(vi), a taste kisu(vi), knife
kionyo(vi), a hint kisua(vi) t a garment
kioo(vi), glass; mirror kisulisuli, giddiness
kipaji(vi), a gift kisura f a pin-up
kipaku, speckled kita, to stand firm; fix firmly
kipande(vi), a piece kitabu(vi), a book
kipandio(vi), step; rung kitakia(vi), a pad
kipatanisho, a reconciling gift kitalu(vi), a fenced enclosure
kipawa(vi), i a gift; 2 a ladle kitambaa(vi), a cloth; material
kipengee(vi), a side-path; subter- kitambo, a short period
fuge kitana(vi), a comb
kipenyo(vi), an opening kitanda(vi), a bed
kipenzi(vi), darling; favourite kitanga(vi), 1 palm of hand;
kipeo( vl), the highest point maxi-
;
2 pan of scales 3 plaited mat
;

mum kitanl, linen; flax

kipepeo(vi), butterfly kitanzi(vi), a loop
kipimio(vi), a scale to measure kitasa(vi), a lock
with kitefutefu, sobbing
kipimo(vi), measurement kitembe, a lisp
kipindi(vi), a period of time kitendawili(vi), a riddle
kipini(vi), a nose ornament kithiri, to increase
kipofu(vi), a blind person kiti(vi), a seat; mwenye-kiti,
kipokeo, by turns chairman
kipunguo, deficiency kitisho(vi), a threat
kipunguzi, discount kito(vi), a jewel
kipunjo, slyly kltovu(vi), the navel
KIT 43 KON
kitoweo(vi), side-dish eaten with kodi, kodisha, to rent, let
main dish kodolea macho, stare, glare at
kitu(vi), an object; a thing kofi(ma), the open hand; piga
kitubio(vi), a penance kofi, to slap; piga makofi, to
kituko(vi), feeling of fear; alarm clap
kitumbuizo(vi), a lullaby kofia(-), hat; cap
kitundu(vi), a cage koga(-), i mould; blight; 2 to
kitunguu(vi), an onion show off
kituo(vi), a resting-place; pause kohoa, to cough
kiu, thirst kojoa, to urinate
kiumbe(vi), a created thing; kokota, to drag along; kokotwa,
human being be dragged
kiume, male -kokotevu, dilatory
kiunga(vi), suburb kokwa(-), stone of fruit; nut
kiungo(vi), a joint kolea, be well-seasoned
kiuno(vi), the waist koleo(ma), tongs
kiunzi(vi), framework koleza, to season food
kivimbe(vi), a swelling koma, to come to an end
kivivu, lazily komaa, be full-grown; ripe
kivuko(vi), a ford komamanga(ma), a pomegran-
kivuli(vi), a shadow; shade ate
kivumbi, commotion komba, to hollow out; kombwa,
kivumi, a rumour; reputation be hollowed out
-kiwa, solitary; desolate kombe(ma), large dish; anything
kiwambo(vi), a screen; anything bowl-shaped
stretched over a frame kombe(-), kome(-), kinds of sea-
kiwanda(vi), a workshop shells
kiwango, position in life; corre- kombeo(ma), sling for throwing
sponding duty stones
kiwanja(vi), a plot of ground kombo(ma), i scraps of food;
kiwasho, irritation inflammation
;
2 malformation
kiwete(vi), a cripple komboa, to redeem; kombo-
kiwi, dazzle lewa, be redeemed
kiwiko(vi), wrist; ankle komeo, to bolt, bar a door;
kiwimbi(vi), a ripple komewa, be barred
kiyama(vi), the general resurrec- komeo(ma), bolt or bar
tion komesha, to bring to a stop
kiyoga(vi), mushroom; toadstool komoa, to unbar; komolewa, be
kiyowe(vi), a scream unbarred
kizazi(vi), a generation komwe(-), seeds used as marbles
kizibo(vi), a cork; stopper konda, to get thin
kizibuo(vi), a corkscrew konde(ma), i the fist; 2 a field
kizimba(vi), a coop; hutch kondoo(-), a sheep; kikondoo,
kizingiti(vi), the threshhold meekly
kizio(vi), hemisphere konga, to grow old
kiziwi(vi), a deaf person kongoa, to extract nails
kizuizi(vi), an impediment kongoja, to walk feebly; ji ko-
kizuka(vi), an apparition ngojea, walk with a stick
kizunguzungu, dizziness kongoka, to come apart
ko kote, anywhere; wherever kongolea, to take to pieces
kobe(ma), a tortoise kongomea, to put together; nail
kochokocho, abundantly up
kodi(-), tax; rent -kongwe, old, worn-out
KON 44 KUU
konokono(-), a snail kumbuko(ma), memory; memor-
kanyeza, give covert sign; wink ies
konzi(ma), a fist; fistful kumbukumbu, a souvenir
koo(ma), i throat; 2 a breeding kumbusha, to remind
animal kumbu8ho(ma), reminder
kopa, to borrow kuml, ten
kope(ma), 1 a loan; 2 eyelids and kuna, to scratch; grate
lashes kuna, there is; there are
kopesha, to lend kundaa, be stunted
kopo(ma), a tin; can kunde(-), small beans
korija(-), a score kundi(ma), a flock; group
-korofi, evil-minded kunga(-), confidential teaching
koroga, to stir kungugu(-), mist, fog
korokoni, a lock-up kungumanga(-), nutmeg
koroma, to snore; grunt kunguni(-), a bug
korongo(ma), 1 a heron; 2 a kunguru(ma), a crow
donga kung’uta, to winnow
korosho(ma), a cashew nut kung’uto(ma), a sifting tray
korti(ma), lawcourt kungwl(ma), instructor at initia-
kosa(ma), a fault; mistake tion rite or marriage
kosa, to fail; to err kuni, firewood(-)
A
kosana, to disagree kunja, to fold kunjwa, be folded
;

kosea, to make a mistake kunjamana, to be wrinkled,

kosekana, be missing creased
kosesha, to lead astray kunjo(ma), wrinkle; crease
kotekote, everywhere kunjua, to unfold; smooth out;
koti(ma), a coat kunjuliwa, be unfolded
kovu(-), a scar -kunjufu, genial
kua, to grow Kunradhi, Excuse me
kuba(-), vaulted roof; dome kunyanzi(ma), a wrinkle; crease
kubali, to agree to kupe(-), cattle tick
kubalika, be acceptable; kuba- kupua, to shake off throw off
;

liwa, be accepted kupuka, to rush off

-kubwa, large; great kura, a lot; piga kura, cast lots
kucha(ma), a claw kurunzi(-), searchlight; electric
kucha(-), sunrise; kuchwa, sun- torch
set kusanya, to collect; kusanywa,
kufuli(-), a padlock kusanyika, be collected
kufuru, to blaspheme kusanyiko(ma), an assembly
kuhani(ma), Jewish priest kushoto, the left side
kuku(-), a hen kusi, the south monsoon kusini, ;

kulabu(-), a hooked instrument; the south

hook kusudi(ma), intention; kwa ku-
kule, there sudi, intentionally
kuliko, than kusudi, kusudia, to intend;
kulungu(-), bushbuck kusudiwa, be intended
kumba, kumbana, to push, kuta, to come upon
jostle kutana, to meet
kumbatia, to embrace; kumba* kutano(ma), a meeting
tiwa, be embraced kuti(ma), a coconut leaf
Kumbe!, Behold kutu, rust; tarnish
kumbikumbi(-), flying ants kutwa, day
all
kumbuka, to remember -kuu, great; -kuukuu, worn-out
KUU 45 LIL
kuume, the right side lalnika, be softened
kuvu(-), mould; mildew lainlsha, make smooth, soft
kuwa, to be; kuwapo, to be laiti!, if only!
present laki, go to meet; lakiwa, be met
kuwadi(ma), a procurer lakini, but; however
kuwili, two-sided lala, to sleep; lie down
kuza, to enlarge; exalt lalamika, to cry for mercy
kuzimu, place of the dead lalamlko(ma), an appeal for
kwa, to; by; with; for mercy
kwa heri, goodbye lamba, to lick; lambwa, be
kwa hiyo, therefore licked
kwa kuwa, kwa sababu, because lami(-), tar
Kwa nini?, Why? lango(ma), gate; portal
kwaa, to stumble; trip over laumiwa, be blamed
kwajuka, to fade; get spoilt laumu, to blame
kwama, to get jammed lawama(ma), reproach; blame
kwamba, that laza, to lay down; lazwa, be laid
kwangua, to scrape down
kwani, why? because lazlma(-), necessity; obligation
kwanza, first; at first lazlmlka, lazimiwa, be obliged
kwapa(ma), armpit; kwapani, to
under the arm lazimisha, to compel
Kwaresima, Lent lazimu, to be obligatory
kwaruza, to grate; graze lea, to bring up a child
-kwasi, wealthy legalega, be loose; rickety
kwata(-), drill; parade legea, to be slack, loose
kwatua, to clean; kwatuka, be -legevu, slack, lazy
clean and tidy legeza, to loosen
kwaza, cause to stumble lemaa, be disfigured; maimed
kwazo(ma), a stumbling block lemaza, to cripple; maim
kwea, to go up lemea, to burden; lemewa, be
kwekwe(-), weeds burdened
kweli, truth; true lemeza, to oppress
kwenye, towards; to lenga, i to aim; 2 to slice
kwepua, to snatch lengelenge(ma), a blister
kweza, to raise lengo(ma), aim
-kwezi, climbing leo, today
kwikwi(-), hiccup lepe(ma), drowsiness
leso(-), handkerchief; scarf
L leta, to bring; fetch; letwa, be
brought
la! No; not so! letea, to bring to; letewa, be
la (kula), to eat; liwa, be brought to
eaten levuka, to get sober
laana(-), a curse levya, to intoxicate
laani, to curse; laaniwa, be lewa, to get drunk
cursed lia, to utter a sound; to cry
labda, perhaps licha, not only
ladha(-), flavour lika, be eatable
laghai, to cheat likiza, to give leave; send away
-laghai, dishonest llklzo(-), vacation; leave
laiki, what is fitting be fitting
;
1111a, to weep for; lillwa, be wept
lain!, smooth; soft for
LIM 40 MAG
lima, to plough; hpe; limwa, be maamuzi, arbitration
ploughed maana(-), the meaning; the rea-
limau(ma), a lemon son; because
limbika, to wait till ripe; li- maandalio, preparations
mbikwa, be waited for maandamano, procession
limbuka, to enjoy the firstfruits maandazi, confectionery
limbuko(ma), firstfruits maandiko, writings
linda, to guard; lindwa, be maangalizi, watchfulness
guarded maanguko, a fall
linga, put together for comparison maanisha, to denote
lingana, to match maarifa, knowledge
linganisha, to compare and maarufu, well known
rectify maasi, rebellion
linganya, to harmonize maawio ya jua, sunrise
lini?, when? maazimio, intention
lipa, to pay; lipwa, be paid mabaya, evil
lipiza, to exact payment mabishano, contention
lipizo(ma), a forced payment mabomoko, ruins
lipo(ma), a payment; recompense maburudisho, recreation
lipu(-), plaster; piga lipu, to machachari, disturbance
plaster a wall imachafuko, disorder
lipuka, to flare up; explode machela(-), hammock
macheo, sunrise
lisha, to feed; graze; Ushwa, be
fed macho, eyes
liwa, be eaten machozi, tears
liwaza, to console machukio, sulkiness
liwazo(ma), consolation machungani, pasture
loga, to bewitch; logwa, be madaha, gracefulness; -enye
bewitched madaha, attractive
logoa, to remove a spell madahiro, elegance
londea, hang round hoping for madai, claims
something madaraka, responsibility
Iowa, lowana, to get drenched madhahabu(-), altar
loweka, loweza, put to soak madhali, while; seeing that; since
lozi(ma), an almond madhara, harm
lugha(-), language madhehebu, customs; sect
lulu(-), a pearl madhubuti, reliable
lungula, to extort money; black- madhumuni, intention
mail madini(-), metal
madoadoa, mottling, spots
M maelekeo, tendency
maelezo, explanation
For prefix ma see page 20 maendeleo, progress
maadamu, while; as maenezi, distribution
maadili, honourable conduct mafaa, utility
maafa, disaster mafua, a cold
maafikano, maagano, an agree- mafuatano, a following-together
ment mafundisho, mafunzo, teaching
maagizo, commands; directions mafuriko, overflow; flood
maaguzi, predictions mafuta, oil; fat
maakuli, diet mafya, fire-stones
maalum, special magadi, soda
maamkio, maamkizi, greetings magazlni(-), warehouse
MAG 47 MAP
mageuzi, fluctuations makusudi, on purpose; purpos-
magharibi, the west ing
magofu, broken-down houses makutano, a crowd
magugu, weeds makuti, coconut leaves for thatch-
mahabusi, a prisoner ing
mahali, a place; mahali pote, makuu, i good qualities; 2 self-
everywhere importance
mahame, a deserted place malaika(-), 1 angel; 2 soft down
maharagwe, beans malaji, diet
mahari(-), marriage payment malalamiko, supplication
maharimu, close relations (for- malale sleeping-sickness
t

bidden marriage) malalo, malazi, sleeping accom-

mahindi, maize modation
mahiri, skilful malango, initiation teaching
mahitaji, needs malaya, a prostitute
mahususi, special malezi, upbringing
maili(-), mile mali(-), wealth; property
maisha, life malidadi, well-dressed; smart
maishilio, livelihood malimbuko, firstfruits
maiti(-), corpse malimwengu, worldly affairs
maizi, to know malipo, recompense; payment
majadiliano, debate malisho, pasture
majaliwa, things granted by God maliza, to finish
majani, grass; leaves malkia(-), queen
maji, water mama(-), mother
majilio, coming mama mkubwa, mama mdogo,
majira, season; ship’s course maternal aunt
majisifu, boasting mamba(-), a crocodile
majivu, ashes mambo, affairs; difficulties
majivuno, boasting mamlaka(-), authority
majonzi, grief manati(-), a catapult
majusi(ma), astrologer mandari(-), a picnic
majuto, remorse mandhari(-), scene; view
majuzi, recently manjano, turmeric; yellow
Maka, Mecca manowari(-), battleship
makaa, fuel; embers manufaa, usefulness useful ;

makaburini, cemetery things

makala(-), a written article manukato, perfume
makali, the sharp edge of knife manyoya, feathers
makamasi, a cold manyunyu, a shower
makamu, deputy; Vice-; Acting- manza(-), litigation
makao, makazi, residence manzili, state of life
makaribisho, welcoming maombezi, intercessions
makatazo, embargo, prohibition maombi, petitions
makelele, noise; shouting maongezi, conversation
makinda, young birds maongozi, guidance
makini(-), serenity; calm maono, feelings
makokoto, pebbles mapaa, roof
makopa, dried cassava cooked mapambazuko, dawn
maksai, castrated animal mapangilio, rotation {crops)
maktaba, library mapatano, agreement
makufuru, blasphemy mapatilizo, retribution
makuruhi, offensive mapato, receipts; income
MAP 48 MBA
mapema, early ^
rrfapendezi, pleasing things
matandiko, furnishings, bedding
matanga, days of mourning
mapenzi, good-pleasure matangazo, proclamation ad- ;

mapigano, fighting vertisement

mapindi, windings matata, trouble
mapokeo, tradition matatizo, perplexing matters
maponea, livelihood mate, saliva
mara(-), a time; at once mateka, plunder, captives
mar a moja, once; at once matembezi, a stroll, trip; gad-
maradhi, sickness ding about
maradufu, double matengenezo, arrangements
marahaba ( answer to greeting), mateso, sufferings
Thankyou mateteo, matetezi, arguments in
marashi, perfume law-suit
marehemu(-), the departed matilaba(-), motive
marejeo, return matokeo, sequel; result
marhamu, ointment matope, mud
maridhawa, plentiful matubwitubwi, mumps
marijani(-), coral matukano, abuse
marika, contemporary im age, matumaini, hope
initiation, etc. matumbo, entrails
marisaa, shot matusi, vile abuse
marmarl(-), marble mauaji, massacre
marufuku, forbidden mauguzi, medical treatment
masalio, masazo, left-overs mauidha, good advice
masamaha, forgiveness maujudi, what is to be expected
mashairi, poetry Maulana, Lord
mashaka, troubles maulizo, interrogation
mashapo, dregs; residue maumbile, created state; nature
mashariki, the east maumlvu, pains
mashindano, contest; match maungo, limbs
mashine, machine mauti(-), death
mashtaka, accusation mavi, excrement
mashua(-), a boat mavu(-), hornet
mashudu, dregs; residue mavuno, the harvest
mashuhuri, renowned mawaidha, and so on; further-
masihara(-), a jest more
masika(-), the rainy season mawe, stones; weights
masikilizano, agreement mawese, palm-oil
masikitiko, regrets mawindo, prey from hunting
masilahi, reconciliation mazao, crops; produce
masimulizi, a story, news mazigazi, optical illusion; mir-
masingizio, slander age
Masiya, Messiah maziko, a funeral
masizi, soot mazingaombwe, magic, jugglery
maskani, dwelling place mazingira, environment
maskini, poor, miserable mazingiwa, blockade
masurufu, housekeeping money maziwa, milk
masuto, open accusations mazoea, habits
matako, buttocks mazungumzo, conversation
matakwa, wants For prefix Msee page 20
matamko, pronunciation mbaazi(-), pigeon-peas
matamvua, fringe mbalamwezi, moonlight
MBA 49 MEK
mbali, far; mbalimbali, dif- mchaguo(mi), an election
ferent mchaguzi(wa), an elector; a
mbamia(-), okra fastidious person
mbandiko(mi), anything stuck mchai(mi), tea-bush lemon-grass ;

on mchakacho(mi), a rustling
mbano(mi), pincers; vice; etc mchana(mi), daytime; mchana
mbao(-), planks, timber kutwa, all day
mbashiri(wa), a soothsayer mchanga, sand
mbata(-), copra mchanganyiko(mi), a mixture
mbavu(-), ribs; side; mbavuni, mchango(mi), a worm
alongside mchawi(wa), a sorceror
mbawa(-), wings mche(mi), a seedling
mbayuwayu(-), a swallow mchele(mi), husked rice
mbega(-), colobus monkey mcheshi(wa), an entertaining
mbegu(-), seeds person
mbele(ya), in front o'f; before mchenza(mi), tangerine-orange
mbeleko(-), child’s carrying-cloth tree
mbembe(wa), a smooth-tongued mchefco(mi), a game
man; seducer mchi(mi), a pestle
mbenuko(mi), a bulge; protru- mchicha(mi), spinach
sion mchirizi(mi), a gutter
mbezi(wa), a scornful person mchokoo(mi), a pointed stick
mbigili(mi), a thornbush mchokozi(wa), an annoying per-
mbill, two son
mbilikimo(-), a pygmy mchongelezi(wa), a tale-bearer
mbingu(-), the sky mchoro(mi), engraving; scribble
mbinguni, heaven mchukuzi(wa), a porter
mbini(wa), a forger mchumba(wa), fianc6, fiancee
mbinja(-), a whistle; piga mbi- mchungaji(wa), shepherd; herds-
nja, to whistle man
mbio(-), running; piga mbio, to mchunguzi(wa), inquiring per-
run son
mbishl(wa), an argumentative mchungwa(mi), an orange tree
person mchuuzi(wa), a trader
mbiu(-), a proclamation mchuzi(mi), gravy sauce
;

mbizi(-), a dive; piga mbizi, to mchwa, termites

dive mdai(wa), claimant; mdaiwa-
mboga(-), vegetables (wa), defendant, debtor
mbogo(-), a buffalo mdakizi(wa), an eavesdropper
mbolea(-), manure mdalasini(mi), cinnamon
mbona?, why? mdeni(wa), a debtor
mbu(-), mosquito mdhalimu(wa), unjust oppressor
mbuga(-), low-lying grassy plain mdhamini(wa), a sponsor; gua
mbugi(-), small bells rantor
mbung’o(-), tsetse fly mdomo(ml), lip; beak
mbuni(-), an ostrich mdudu(wa), insect
mbuni(mi), coffee bush mdukizi, see mdakizi
mbuyu(mi), baobab tree mdukuo(mi), a poke; nudge
mbuzl(-), a goat mdumu(mi), a can, mug, jug
mbwa(-), a dog mdundo(mi), a drumming
mbweha(-), a jackal; fox mea, to grow plants (

mcha Mungu, mchaji, a god- mega, to break a piece off

fearing man meka, to grow
MEL 50 MIZ
n}eli(-) t a ship mgongo(mi), the back
mema, good things mgonjwa(wa), a sick person
memeteka, to sparkle mgono(mi), fish- trap
mende(-), cockroach mgoto(mi), a tapping, beating
meno, teeth ( see jino) mguu(mi), leg; foot
menya, to peel, shell mgwisho(ml), a fly-switch
meremeta, metameta, see me- Mhabeshi(wa), an Abyssinian
meteka mhamaji(wa), an emigrant
methali, see mithali mhamiaji, an immigrant
meza(-), i a table; 2 to swallow mharabu(wa), a vandal
mezani, dining-room Mheshimiwa, the Honourable
mfadhili(wa), a benefactor mhimili(mi), a support
mfalme(wa), a king Mhindi(wa), an Indian
mfano(mi), an example; parable mhisani(wa), a kind person
mfanya(wa), a doer mhitaji(wa), a person in need
mhubiri(ma), a preacher
mfasiri(wa), a translator, inter-
preter mhudumu(wa), a minister, ser-
mfenesi(mi), a jakfruit tree vant
mfereji(mi), a ditch mhnni(wa), a vagrant
mfldhuli(wa), an insolent per- mhunzi(wa), a blacksmith
son mia f a hundred
mfiko(mi), range; reach miayo, yawning; kupigamiayo,
mflnyanzi(ma), a potter to yawn
mfitini(wa), a mischief-maker mifugo, livestock
mfo(mi), a torrent mihindi, maize
mforsadi(mi), a mulberry tree mila(-), traditional customs
mfu(wa), a dead person milele, eternity; for ever
mfuasi(wa), a follower milia, striped
mfuko(mi), a bag miliki, to rule over; milikiwa,
mfulizo, mfululizo(mi), a series to be ruled
mfumbi(mi), a water-channel milionl, million
mfumi(wa), a weaver milki(-), dominion
mfungwa(wa), a prisoner mimba(-), pregnancy
mfuo(mi), a furrow mimbari(-), pulpit
mfupa(mi), a bone mimi, I, me; mimi mwenyewe,
mfuto(mi), 1 abolishment; 2 I myself
plain, undecorated work mimina, to pour out
mgambo(mi), a proclamation miminika, to be poured out; to
mganda(mi), a sheaf overflow
mganga(wa), a native doctor min aj ill,
because of
mgawo(ml), a dividing; distribu- minghairi, without, except
tion mintarafu, concerning
mgemi(wa), a tapper for palm- minya, to squeeze out
wine miongoni mwa, among
mgeni(wa), a stranger; guest Misri, Egypt
mghalaba(-), commercial com- mithali, a proverb, similitude
petition mithali ya like; as if f

mgogoro(mi), an obstacle mithili8ha, to compare

mgomba(mi) a banana plant
l minnzi, whistling
mgomvi(wa), a quarrelsome per- mivuo, bellows
son miwani, spectacles
mgongano(mi), a collision; mizani,scales for weighing
knocking together mizungu, clever ruses
MJA 51 MLO
mjadili(wa), a debater mkoa(mi), district; region
mjakazi(wa), a female slave mkoba(mi), wallet
mjane(wa), widow; widower mkogo(mi), showing-off
mjanja(wa), a cunning person mkojo(mi), urine
mjasirl(wa), a venturesome per- mkoko(mi), mangrove
son mkoma(wa), leper
mjasusi(wa), a spy mkomamanga(mi), pomegra-
mjeledi(ml), a whip nate tree
mjengaji(wa), a builder mkondo(mi), current
mjeuri(wa), a violent man mkonga(mi), elephant’s trunk
mji(mi), town, village mkonge(mi), sisal plant
mjinga(wa), foolish, ignorant mkongwe(wa), very old person
person mkono(ml), arm, hand
mjomba(wa), uncle mkoo(wa), a slattern; hooligan
mjukuu(wa), grandchild mkorofi(wa), a villain
mjumbe(wa), delegate mkorosho(mi), cashew-nut tree
mjusi(wa), a lizard mkosaji(wa), a sinner
mjuvi(wa), an impudent person Mkristo(wa), a Christian
mjuzi(wa), an experienced saga- mkubwa(wa), a superior
cious person mkufu(mi), a chain
mkaaji(wa), mkaazi(wa), a resi- mkuki(mi), a spear
dent mkuku(mi), keel of ship
mkaguo(mi), an audit, inspec- mkulima(wa), a grower of crops
tion mkunga(wa), a midwife
mkaguzi(wa), an inspector, audi- mkunjo(mi), a fold, crease
tor mkurugenzi( wa) a leader Chan-
f ;

mkahawa(mi), a cafe, a bar cellor of University

mkaidi(wa), an obstinate person mkutano(mi), a meeting
mkale(wa), an ancestor mkuu(wa), chief person
mkandaa(mi), a mangrove mkwaju(mi), tamarind tree
mkanju(mi), a cashew-nut tree mkwaruzo(mi), a scraping; trail
mkano(mi), a denial of snake
mkarafuu(mi), a clove tree mkwe(wa), an in-law
mkarimu(wa), a generous person mlafi(wa), a greedy person
mkasa(mi), an event mlaghai(wa), a cheat
mkasi(mi), scissors mlango(mi), door, gate
mkataa, final mle, in there
mkataba(mi), a contract mlegevu(wa), a slack person
mkate(mi), bread, loaf mlevi(wa), a drunkard
mkatili(wa), a cruel person mlezi(wa), a child's nurse
mkato(mi) t a deduction mlia(mi), coloured stripe
mkazo(mi), force; emphasis mlima(mi), mountain, hill
mke(wa), wife; mkewe, his wife mlimaji (wa), a cultivator
mkebe(mi), a tin mlimau(mi), lemon tree
mkeka(mi), plaited mat mlimbiko(mi), a saving-up
mkesha(mi), a vigil mlimbuko(mi), using for first
mkia(mi), tail time after waiting
mkichaa(wa), a mad person mlimwengu(wa) t
inhabitant of
mklmbizi(wa), a runaway; a the earth
pursuer mlingoti(mi), a mast, pole
mkingamo(mi), obstacle mlinzi(wa), a guard
mkinzani(wa), an obstructionist mlio(mi), a cry, a sound
mklwa(wa), a friendless person mlozi(wa) a sorceror
t
MLO 52 MSA
mlozi(mi), an almond tree mparuzo(ml), rough work
mlungula(mi), blackmail mpasi(wa), a grasping avaricious
mluzi(mi), whistling person
mmea(mi), plant; vegetation mpasua(wa) mbao, a sawyer
mmomonyoko(mi), soil erosion mpasuko(mi), a crack; split
mnada(mi), an auction sale mpatanishi(wa), reconciler
mnadi(wa), auctioneer mpayukaji(wa), a gossiper
mnafiki(wa), hypocrite mpekuzi(wa), a prying person
mnajimu(wa), an astrologer mpelekwa(wa), one sent out
mnamo, about mpelelezi(wa), a spy; a detective
mnanasi(mi), pineapple plant mpendwa(wa), mpenzi(wa), a
mnara(mi), tower loved one
mnazi(mi), coconut tree mpenyezi(wa), a smuggler
mndimu(mi), lime tree mpenyezo(mi), illicit entry bribe ;

mng’aro(mi), brightness mpera(mi), guava tree

mngoja(wa), mngojezi(wa), a mpiko(mi), pole for carrying load
guard, keeper mpimaji(wa), surveyor
mno, exceedingly mpindano(mi), cramp
mnofu(mi), flesh-meat mpinduzi(wa), a revolutionary
mnong’ono(mi), a whispering mpingo(mi), ebony
mnukio(mi), a sweet smell ^mpini(mi), handle
mnuko(mi), a bad smell mpinzani(wa), an opposer
mnunuzi(wa), a buyer mpira(mi), rubber
mnyama(wa), an animal mpishi(wa), a cook
mnyamavu(wa), a silent person mpitaji(wa), a passer-by
mnyang’anyi(wa), a robber mpotevu(wa), a wasteful person
mnyenyekevu(wa), a humble mpotovu(wa), an unprincipled
person person
mnyofu(wa), an upright man mpumbavu(wa), a fool
mnyonge(wa), a sick, weak per- mpunga(mi), rice before hvsking
son mpungate(mi), prickly pear
mnyoo(mi), a worm mpurukushani(wa), a slipshod
mnyororo(mi), chain, fetters worker
moja, one; moja moja, one by mpwa(wa), nephew, niece
one; moja kwa moja, straight mpweke(wa), solitary person
on mraba(mi), square
mojawapo, one of mradi(mi), intention
Mola, Lord God mrama(mi), rolling motion
moma(-), puff-adder mrembo(wa), well-dressed per-
momonyoka, be eroded son
moshi(-), smoke Mreno(wa), a Portuguese
mosi, one mrija(mi), reed; pipe
moto(mi), fire, heat Mrima, East African Coast
moyo(ml), heart mruko(mi), a jump; a flight
mpagazi(wa), a porter Mrumi(wa), an Ancient Roman
mpaji(wa), a generous giver msaada(mi), help
mpaka(mi), boundary msafa(mi), line; row
mpaka, until; up to; as far as msafara(mi), an expedition
mpangaji(wa), a tenant msafiri(wa), a traveller
mpango(ml), a plan Msahafu, Koran; Bible
mpanzi(wa), a sower msahaulifu(wa), a forgetful per-
mpapai(mi), pawpaw tree son
mparuzi(wa), careless worker msaidizi(wa), a helper
MSA 53 MTE
msaka(wa), a trapper; hunter msiri(wa), a confidant
msala(mi), i a closet; lavatory; msisimko(mi), excited feeling
2 a prayer-mat msitu(mi), bush; woodland
msalaba(mi), a cross; crucifix msomaji(wa), a reader
msaliti(wa), a traitor msongano(mi), a crowd
msameheji(wa), a forgiving per- msonge(mi), a round house
son mstaarabu(wa), a civilized per-
msanaa(wa), msanii, a skilled son
craftsman mstadi(wa), a skilled worker
msasa(mi), sandpaper mstari(mi), line; row
msemaji(wa), a fluent speaker mstatili(mi), a rectangle
msengenyi(wa), a calumniator mstiri(wa), a concealer
mseto, a mash; pur£e msufi(mi), kapok tree
mshahara(mi), wages; salary msukosuko(mi), a disturbance
mshairi(wa), a poet msuluhishi(wa), a peacemaker
mshale(mi), an arrow msumari(mi), a nail
mshangao(mi), astonishment msumeno(mi), a saw
mshari(wa), an evil-minded man mswaki(mi), a toothbrush
mshaufu, showy frivolous person mtaa(mi), adistrict
mshauri(wa), counsellor mtaalamu(wa), scientist; scholar
mshazari, slanting mtafiti(wa), an inquisitive person
mshindaji(wa) ;
mshindi(wa), mtai(mi), a scratch
winner mtaimbo(mi), a crowbar
mshinde(wa), loser mtajo(mi), a mention
mshindo(mi), noise; bang mtama(mi), millet
mshipa(mi), muscle; vein mtambatamba(wa), a brag-
mshipi(mi), belt; sash gart
mshiriki(wa), a sharer; com- mtambo(mi), a spring; machine
municant mtangatanga(wa), a loiterer
mshoni(wa), tailor mtangulizi(wa), leader; pioneer
mshono(mi), sewing mtanguo(mi), abolishment
mshtaki(wa), accuser; plaintiff mtani(wa), a familiar friend
mshtakiwa(wa), the accused; mtatizo(mi), an entanglement
defendant mtawa(wa), a devout person
mshtuko(mi), a jerk mtawala(wa), a ruler
mshuko(mi), descent mtazamaji(wa), a spectator
mshumaa(mi), candle mtego(mi), a trap
mshupavu(wa), an intrepid ob- mtekaji(wa), a marauder
stinate man mtelemko(mi), a downward slope
msiba(mi), misfortune; grief mtembezi(wa), a walker tourist ;

msichana(wa), a young girl gadabout

msikiaji(wa), a hearer mtemi(wa), native chief
msikiti(mi), a mosque mtendaji(wa), active person; a
msikivu(wa), an attentive obed- doer
ient person mtende(mi), date palm
msikwao(wa), a homeless person; mtengenezaji(wa) t an adminis-
displaced person trator; editor
msimamizi(wa), overseer; fore- mtepetevu(wa), a slack, lazy
man person
msimu(mi), a season mteremeshi(wa), a genial,
msimulizi(wa), a narrator friendly person
msindani(wa), competitor mteremo(mi), comfort; cheer-
msingi(mi), building foundation fulness
MTE 64 MWA
mtesa(wa), a persecutor mundu(ml), a scythe
mfeswa(wa), a victim Mungu(mi), God; a god
mteteaji(wa), an advocate murua, elegant; refined
mtetemeko(mi), earthquake mustarehe, repose; comfort
mteule(wa), a chosen person Muumba(wa), Creator
mteuzi(wa), fastidious, critical muwa(mi), sugarcane
person mvazi(wa), a well-dressed man
mti(mi), tree; stick; wood mvi(-), grey hair
mtihani(mi), school examination mvinyo, wine; spirits
mtii(wa), an obedient person mviringo(mi), a circle
mtindi(mi), buttermilk; cream; Mvita, Mombasa
beer mvivu(wa), an idler
mtindo(mi), sort; style mvua(-), rain
mtini(mi), fig-tree mvuke(mi), vapour; gas
mtiririko(mi), trickling; gliding; mvuko(mi), a ford
trail of snake mvulana(wa), boy; youth
mto(mi), i river; 2 pillow mvumbuzi(wa), a discoverer
mtoa(wa), mtoaji(wa), a giver mvunaji(wa), a reaper
mtongozi(mi), a seducer mvungu(mi), a cavity
mtopetope(mi), custard-apple mvurugo(mi), a muddle
tree >
mvuto(mi), pulling; persuasion
mtoro(wa), a truant; runaway mvuvi(wa), a fisherman
mtoto(wa), a child mwaga, to pour away
mtribu(wa), a musician mwagika, to be spilt
mtu(wa), a person mwaguzi(wa), a soothsayer
mtulinga(mi), the collar-bone mwaka(mi), a year
mtulivu(wa), a quiet person mwako(mi), a blaze
mtumba(ma), a bundle, bale mwali(w), a virgin bride
mtumbwi(mi), native canoe mwali(mi), a ray; a flame
mtume(mi), an apostle mwaliko(mi), a summons
mtumishi(wa), a servant mwalimu(w), a teacher
mtumwa(wa), a slave mwamba(mi), a rock
mtungaji(wa), an author mwamuzi(wa), a referee; judge
mtungi(mi), a waterpot mwana(w), a child; mwanangu,
mtungo(mi), an essay my child
mtupa(mi), fish-poison mwanachama(w), member of a
mtupo(mi), a throw society
mtutumo(ml), distant rumbling mwanadamu(w), human being
muda, period mwanafunzi(w), learner, disci-
muhimu, important; urgent ple
muhindi(mi), maize plant mwanakondoo(w), a lamb
muhogo(mi), cassava mwanamaji(w), a sailor
muhtasari, syllabus; summary mwanambuzi(w), a kid
muhula, a period of time mwanamke (wanawake), wo-
muhuri, a seal; tia muhuri, to man
seal, confirm mwanamume (wanaume), man
mujibu, what is fitting mwanamwali (wanawali),
mulika, to give light to maiden
mume(wa), husband mwananchi(w), citizen
mumo mumu, in there
; mwanasheria(w), lawyer
mumunya, to suck, munch, mum- mwandikaji(wa), a writer
ble mwandiko(mi), writing
mumunyika, to be friable mwanga, mwangaza(mi), light
MW A 65 NAB
mwanga(wa), wizard mwivu(wa), a jealous person
mwangalizi(wa), a caretaker mwoga(wa), a coward
mwangamizi(wa), a destroyer mwokaji(wa), a baker
mwangavu(wa), an intelligent mwokozi(wa), saviour
person mwombezi(wa), intercessor
mwangwi(mi), echo mwongo(wa), a liar
mwanya(mi), a gap mwongofu(wa), a converted per-
mwanzi(mi), bamboo son
mwanzo(mi), the beginning; mwovu(wa), an evil person
mwanzoni, at first mwuaji(wa), a murderer
Mwarabu(wa), Arab mwuguzi(wa), a sick-nurse
mwaridi(mi), rose-tree mwujiza(mi), a miracle
mwasherati(wa), an adulterer mwungano, mwungamano(mi),
mwashi(wa), a mason unification
mwasi(wa), a rebel mwungwana(wa), a gentleman
mwatuko(mi), crack; crevice mwuzaji(wa), a salesman
mwavuli(mi), an umbrella Myahudi(wa), a Jew
mweleka, wrestling; kushinda- myeyusho(mi), a solution; melt-
na mieleka, to wrestle ing
mwembe(mi), a mango tree Myunani(wa), ancient Greek
mwendo(mi) movement journey mzabibu(mi), grape vine
, ;

mwenendo(ml), conduct mzaha(mi), joking; ridicule

mwenge(mi), a firebrand mzalendo(wa), a patriot
mwenye(w), possessor of mzalishi(wa), a midwife
mwenyewe(w), the owner; him- mzao(wa), offspring
self mzazi(wa), a parent
mwenyeji(w), householder; host; mzee(wa), an old person; village
citizen elder
Mwenyezi, Almighty mzeituni(mi), olive tree
mwenzi(w), companion; mwe- mzembe(wa), careless idle person
nzangu, my companion mzigo(mi), a load
mwewe, a hawk; kite mzima?, Are you well? A ns:
m wezi(mi), moon month mwe-
;
mzima ;

zl mwandamo, new moon mzlmu(mi), spirit of dead person

mwiba(mi) a thorn
t
mzinga(mi), a beehive; a cannon
mwigaji(wa), imitator; actor mzingo(mi), circuit; winding
mwigo(mi), a copy mzinzi(wa) an adulterer t

mwiko(mi), i a spoon; 2 a mzishi(wa), a burier

taboo mzizi(mi), a root
mwili(mi), body mzoga(mi), a dead animal
mwimbaji(wa), a singer mzuka(mi), sudden apparition
mwinamo(mi), a slope mzungu(mi), clever device;
mwindaji(wa), a hunter something wonderful
Mwingereza(wa), Britisher Mzungu(wa), a European
mwingilio(mi), an entry mzunguko(mi), a going-round;
mwingine(we), someone else; turning-round
another
mwinuko(mi), an elevation N
mwisho(mi), the end; mwi-
showe, ultimately For prefix N see page 20
Mwislamu(wa), a Moslem na, 1 and 2 by 3 with
; ;

mwitu(mi), forest naam, yes

mwivi(we), mwizl(we), a thief nabii(ma), a prophet
NAD 56 NGO
nadhari(-), choice‘s ndivyo, thus
na&hifisha, to tidy ndiyo, yes; it is so
nadhifu, tidy; neat ndizi(-), banana
nadhiri( - ), a vow weka nadhiri,
;
ndoa(-), marriage
make a vow; ondoa nadhiri, ndoana(-), fish-hook
fulfil a vow ndoo(-), bucket
nadi, to announce; hold a sale ndoto(-), a dream; kuota ndoto,
nadra, unusual dream
to
nafaka(-), com ndovu, elephant
nafasi(-), spare time; oppor- ndugu(-), brother; kinsman
tunity ndui(-), smallpox
nafisika, be eased neema(-), favour; grace of God
nafsi(-), self; person neemeka, be comfortably off
nafuu(-), improvement neemesha, to provide well for
nahodha(ma), ship's captain nema, nemesha, to bend
naibu(ma), delegate; Acting- nemsi(-), good reputation
najisi, to defile nena, to speak
nakala(-), a copy Nenda!, Gol ^
nakawa, sound; good-looking -nene, thick; fat
nakili( -), a copy; to copy ... nenea, to speak against
nakshi(-), carving; decoration henepa, to get fat person (

nama, be flexible nenepesha, to fatten

namba(-), a number neno(ma), word
nami, and I, see page 20 nepa, to sag
namna(-), sort; pattern neva(-), a nerve
namua, to disengage ng’aa, to shine
nanasi(ma), a pineapple ng’akia, to snarl (dog)
nane, eight ngalawa(-), a dug-out canoe
nanga(-), an anchor ngama(-), ship’s hold
nani?, who? ng’ambo(-), the far side (river,
nasa, to trap; snare; naswa, be etc.)
caught ngamia(-), a camel
nasaba(-), lineage ng’amua, to realize
nasibu, to trace lineage jinasibu, ng’ang’ania, to pester
;

to claim relationship ngano, 1 wheat; 2 a tale

nasibu(-), chance; kwa nasibu, ngao(-), a shield
unintentionally -ngapi?, How many? Saa
nasua, to take out of trap ngapi?, What time is it?
nata, to adhere; be sticky ngariba(-), a circumciser
nauli(-), fare ng’arisha, ng’ariza, to polish;
nawa, to wash hands or face shine
nazi(-), coconut ngazi(-), ladder; stairs
ncha(-), tip; point nge(-), scorpion
nchi(-), country ngiri(-), wart-hog
ndama(-), a calf ngisi(-), cuttlefish
ndani, inside ng’oa, to uproot
ndege(-), bird; omen ngoa, jealousy
ndevu(-), beard ngoja, to wait, wait for; ngo-
ndiga(-), root eaten in famine jewa, be waited for
ndimi, it is I, see page 7 ng’oka, be uprooted; come out
ndimi, see ulimi ng’olewa, be pulled out
ndimu(-), a lime ngoma(-), drum; dance
ndipo, then ng’ombe(-), cow; cattle
NGO 67 NYO
ngome(-), a stronghold nuksani(-), a mischievous action
ng’onda(-), sun-dried fish nukta(-), a second; a dot
ng’ong’a, to buzz nuna, to sulk; grumble
ngono, sexual intercourse mmdu(-), a hump
ngozi(-), skin; leather nungu(-), a porcupine
nguml(-), fist; pigana ngumi, to nung’unika, to grumble
box nunua, to buy; nunuliwa, be
nguo(-), clothes; material bought
nguruma, to growl; rumble nurisha, to show light
ngurumo(-), loud roar; thunder nuru, light
nguruwe(-), a pig nusa, to smell something
nguvu(-), strength; power nusu, half
nguzo(-), a pillar; strong pole nusura, almost
ngwe(-), small plot of ground nusurika, to be succoured in time
ni, is; are; I am of trouble
nia(-), intention; to resolve nusuru, to succour
nidhamu(-), discipline nya, to rain; urinate
nikaha(-), marriage nyakua, to snatch; nyakullwa,
ning’inia, to dangle, sway be snatched away
nini?, what? kuna nini?, what’s nyama(-), meat; animal
the matter? kvva nini?, why? nyamaa, nyamaza, to be quiet
ninyi, you -nyamavu, silent
nlra(-), a yoke nyamazi8ha, to silence
nishani(-), medal; badge nyambua, to pull to pieces;
njaa(-), hunger nyambuka, to fall to pieces
njama(-), confidential discus- nyangalika, a what’s-its-name
sion nyang’anya, to seize; rob; nya-
nje, outside ng’anywa, be robbed of
njema!, Good! nyangumi(-), a whale
njesi(-), hinge nyani(-), a baboon
njia(-), road; way nyanya(-), tomato
njiwa(-), a dove nyanyasa, to annoy
njoo, njoni, Come here! nyara, booty
njozi(-), a vision nya8i(ma), grass; reeds
njuga(-), ankle bells nyatl(-), a buffalo
njugu(-), groundnuts nyatia, creep up to
nne, four nyauka, to dry up; wither
noa, to sharpen; nolewa, be nyayo(-), footprints, track
sharpened nyemelea, to stalk nyemelewa,
;

nona, to getfat ( animals ) be taken by surprise

nondo(-), a moth nyenya, to ply with questions
nonesha, to fatten nyenyekea, to act humbly
nong’ona, nong’oneza, to whis- -nyenyekevu, humble
per nyesha, to rain; to send rain
nongwa(-), a grudge nyeta, be hard to please
-nono, fat ( animals nyigu(ma), a hornet
nta(-), wax nylka(-), dry grassland
nufaika, to prosper nyima, to withhold from
nuia, to intend -nyimivu, stingy
nuka, to smell {bad); nukia, to nylnyirika, to glide along
smell {sweet) nyoa, to shave; nyolewa, be
nukilia, nukiliza, to follow a shaved
scent -nyofu, upright
NYO 58 OTE
nyoka, to be straight; straight- ole, woe; ole wangu!, woe is
forward mel
nyoka(-), a snake olewa, see oa
nyonga(-), the hip oleza, to copy a pattern
-nyonge, weak; mean omba, to ask; beg
nyongeza(-), an increase; supple- ombea, to intercede for
ment omboleza, to lament
nyongo, bile; bitterness omekeza, to pile up
nyonya, to suck the breast omo(ma), forepart of ship
nyonyesha, to suckle omoa, to break up; dig up;
nyonyoa, to pluck out (feathers, omolewa, be dug up
hair) ona, to see; feel
nyonyoka, to fall out onana, to meet
nyonyolewa, be plucked ondoa, to take away; ondolewa,
nyonyota, to drizzle be taken away
nyosha, to stretch out ondoka, to go away
nyota(-), a star ondokeo(ma), departure
nyote, you all; ninyi nyote, all of ondoleo(ma), removal; forgive-
you ness
nyoya(ma), feather; wool _ onea, to oppress; onewa, be op-
nyuki(-), a bee pressed
nyukua, to pinch onekana, be seen
nyuma, behind ongea, to talk, converse
nyumba(-), a house; nyumbani, ongeza, to increase; ongezwa,
at home ongezeka, be increased
nyumbu(-), a mule ongezewa, to receive an increase
nyumbuka, to be elastic, flexible ongezo(ma), an increase
nyundo(-), a hammer ongoa, to guide aright; ongo-
nyuni(-), a bird lewa, be guided
nyunya, to drizzle ongoka, be converted
nyunyiza, to sprinkle ongoza, to direct
-nyuzinyuzi, fibrous onja, to taste; onjwa; onjeka,
nywa, to drink; nywewa, be be tasted
drunk; evaporate ono(ma), feelings
nywea, to shrink, shrivel onya, to warn onywa, be warned
;

nywele(-), hair onyesha, to show

nywesha, to give drink to onyeshano(ma), an exhibition
nzige(-), locust onyo(ma), a warning
opoa, to draw out; rescue;
O opolewa, be rescued
orodha(-), a list; tables, etc.
oa, to marry (man); olewa, be orofa( - an upper room storey ;

married (woman) -ororo, smooth; soft

oga, to bathe osha, to wash oshwa, be washed
;

ogelea, to swim osheka, be washable

ogesha, to bathe someone ota, i to grow; 2 ota ndoto, to
ogofya, to frighten dream; 3 ota jua, to bask
ogopa, to be afraid otamia, to sit on eggs
oka, to bake -ote, all; the whole
okoa, to save; okoka, okolewa, otea, to he in wait for
be saved oteo(ma), an ambush
okota, to pick up; okotwa, be otesha, 1 to grow plants; 2 to
picked up cause a dream
ovu 59 PAS
-ovu, wicked pamoja, together; pamoja na,
ovu(ma), evil with
ovyo, just anyhow pana, there is; there are
oza, i to marry ( parents priest ); ,
-pana, wide; flat
2 to go bad panda(-), 1 a crosspiece; fork;
njia panda, crossroads; mti
P wa panda, a forked stick
panda(-), 2 a trumpet; piga
For prefix PA see page 1 panda, blow a trumpet
pa, of panda, 1 to mount; go up; 2 to
pa, to give to; pewa, be given sow; plant
paa(-), small gazelle pande(ma), a block; large piece
paa(ma), roof of native house pandikiza, to plant out
paa, 1 to ascend 2 to scrape
;
pandikizo(ma), seedlings; plant-
paaza, to lift up ing-out
pacha(ma), a twin pandio(ma), steps for climbing
pachapacha, exactly alike pandisha, to raise
pachika, to insert between two panga(ma), a large bush-knife
things panga, 1 to arrange; 2 to rent;
pafu(ma), a lung 3 to co-habit
pagawa, be possessed to stack panganya,
pahali, see mahali pangilia, to alternate; inter-
paja(ma), thigh; pajani, on the pose
lap pangilio(ma), interposition rota-
;

paji(ma), forehead tion

paka(-), cat pangisha, to let accommoda-
paka, 1 to smear on; 2 to fix tion
boundary pango(ma), cave; den
pakacha(ma) plaited fruit basket pangusa, to dust; panguswa, be
,

pakana, be adjacent dusted

pakata, to nurse a child panua, to widen; panuliwa, be
pakia, to embark passengers or widened
cargo panuka, to get wider
pakiza, to load panya(ma), rat
pakua, to unload dish up panzi(ma), grasshopper
;

food pao(-), roofing poles; iron rods

pale, there; pale pale, just there; papa(-), a shark
just then papa, 1 to palpitate; 2 be porous
palia, to hoe up weeds papa hapa, just here; just then
palikuwa na, there was papai(ma), a pawpaw
pamba, to decorate; pambwa, papara(-), haste
be decorated papasa, to stroke; grope about
pamba(-), cotton papasi(ma), fever-tick
pambana, to meet in conflict papatika, to flutter
pambanisha, to bring together; papi, thin laths; upapi, a lath
contrast papo(ma), palpitation
pambanua, to separate; distin- papura, to rend claw ;

guish between paraga, to swarm up tree

pambanya, to browbeat paruparu, roughly
pambazua, to make clear paruza, to graze; be rough
pambazuka, to dawn pasa, to concern; behove; imeni-
pambizo(ma), margin pasa, it is my duty
pambo(ma), adornment Pasaka, Easter
PAS 60 PIN
pa$ha, cause to > get; pasha pendeza, to please
habari, inform; pasha moto, pendo(ma), love
warm up penga, to blow the nose
pasi(-), an iron; piga pasi, to pengine, sometimes another time ;

iron or place
pasipo, without pengo(ma), a gap; notch
pasisha, to inflict penya, to penetrate
pa8iwa, be liable for penye, at
pasua, to tear; split; saw penyeka, to be penetrable
pasuka, to burst; be torn; split penyeza, to introduce by stealth
pata, to get to bribe
pata(-), a hinge penzi(ma), desire; will
patana, to agree pepea, to wave; fan
patanisha, to reconcile peperuka, be blown away
patanisho(ma), reconciliation peperusha, to blow away
patikana, be obtainable; be pepesa, to blink
caught pepesuka, to stagger
patiliza, to punish visit on
;
pepeta, to winnow
pato(ma), an acquisition pepo(-), disembodied spirit
patwa, to be seized by; kupatwa Peponl, Paradise; Heaven
mwezi, be eclipsed pera(ma), guava
paua, to roof a house peremende(-), sweets
paya, payuka, to talk foolishly; pesa, money
be delirious peta, to bend round
payo(ma), foolish talk petana, petemana, be bent into
paza, see paaza a circle
pazia(ma), a curtain pete(-), a ring
peke, alone peke yangu, by my- peupe, an open place
;

self -pevu, mature

-a pekee; -a peke yake, unique; pevuka, be fully developed
lonely pewa, to receive see pa
;

pekecha, to drill hole peketeka,

;
pezi(-), fin of fish
be drilled -Pi?, who? which? what?
pekesheni(-), investigation pia, all; also
pekua, to scratch the ground pia, child’s top
-pekuzi, inquisitive picha( - ) , picture ; photograph
peleka, to send; take; pelekwa, piga picha, to photograph
be sent Piga, to hit; beat; pigwa, be
pelekea, to send to beaten
peleleza, to spy out pigana, to fight
pemba, to hook down; outwit pigano(ma), a battle; fight
pembe(-), i horn; tusk; ivory; pigilia, to ram concrete floors
2 an angle; corner pigo(ma), a blow
pembea(-), a swing; see-saw; to pika, to cook; pikwa, be cooked
swing pikipiki(ma), i stick thrown to
pembeza, to set swinging; to knock down fruit; 2 motorcycle
rock pill, two -a pili, the second kwa
; ;

penda, to love; like; pendwa, be pill, the other side

loved pilipili(-), pepper
pendana, to love one another pima, to measure, weigh, test;
pendeka, be popular pimwa, be measured
jipendekeza, to ingratiate one- pimika, be measurable
self pinda, to bend; fold
PIN 61 PUN
pindi(ma), a curve pooza, be paralysed; be dull, life-
pindika, be bent less
pindo(ma), a hem popo(-), a bat
pindua, to turn upside down po pote, anywhere; wherever
pinduka, be overturned popotoa, to wrench
pinduli(ma), a pendulum popotoka, be strained
pinga, to obstruct; pingwa, be pori(ma), treeless plain
thwarted poromoka, to descend with a rush
pingamana, be in opposition poromoko(ma), landslide; cata-
pingamizi(ma), an obstacle ract
-pingani, obstructive poromosha,to shower down
pingo(ma), a barrier; door-bar posa, to ask in marriage; poswa,
pingu(-), i fetters; 2 charm be courted
against evil posho(-), rations
pipa(ma), a barrel posta(>), post
pisha, to allow to pass pota, to twist; make string
pishi(-), a grain measure c. $ pote, everywhere
gallon potea, to get lost
pita, to pass -potevu, wasteful
pitika, be passed; be passable poteza, to lose; misuse
pitisha, to make pass; make way potoa, to distort, spoil
for -potofu, wrongheaded
pito(ma), a path potoka, be crooked; perverted
plau(*), a plough potosha, to pervert
poa, to get cool; feel better povu(-), froth; scum
podo(ma), arrow quiver poza, to cool, heal
-pofu, blind pua(-), nose
pofua, pofusha, to blind; po- -pujufu, shameless
fuka, get blind pukupuku, full to overflowing
pogo, lopsided pukusa, 1 to shower down 2 ;

pogoa, to lop, prune; pogolewa, strip maize off cob

be pruned pukuso(-), a congratulatory pre-
pokea, to receive; pokewa, be sent
received pukutika, to fall off in showers
pokeo(ma), tradition; custom puliza, to blow on; blow up
pokeza, to hand over puma, to throb
pokezana, to take turns pumbaa(ma), relaxation
pokonya, to take by force pumbaa, 1 be foolish 2 be relaxed ;

-pole, gentle pole!, a condolence

;
pumbaza, 1make a fool of; 2
polepole, slowly; gently take the mind off
polisi(ma), a policeman pumu(ma), lung
pombe, beer pumzi(-), breath
pomboo(-), a porpoise pumzika, to rest
pona, to get well punda(-), donkey
ponda, to crush by pounding; punda milia(-), zebra
pondwa, be crushed punde, a little
pondo(ma), a punting pole punga, to wave; to exorcize
pongeza, to congratulate punga pepo, to drive out a devil
pongezi, congratulations punga upepo, to have a change
ponya, to cure of air
ponyeka, be curable pungia mkono, to wave to;
ponyoka, to slip away beckon
ponyosha, to let fall pungua, punguka, to get less
PUN 62 ROS
-pungufu, deficient^., ramisi, to amuse oneself
puiigukiwa na, be short of ramli(-), divination
punguza, to make less ramsa(-), merrymaking; a fair
punja, to cheat; defraud randa, to show off to dance
;

punje(-), a grain of com randa(-), carpenter’s plane; piga

pupa(-), over-eagerness randa, to plane
purukusha, to treat with con- rangi(-), colour
tempt rarua, to tear, rend; raruka,
purukushani( -), wilful negligence raruliwa, be torn
puza, to treat lightly; talk non- rasi(-), a promontory, cape
sense; jipuza, play the fool rasilmali, assets; capital
-puzi, silly rasmi, official
pwa, to dry up; ebb ratibu, ratibisha, to arrange;
pwani, the coast ratibika, be in order
pwaya, be loose-fitting ratli(-), a pound ( weight
pwelea, to run aground; pwe- raufu, gentle
lewa, be aground ree(ma), ace of cards
pwewa, be dried up; hoarse -refu, long; tall; high; deep
pweza(-), cuttlefish refusha, to lengthen
pwita, to throb rehani(-), a pledge; weka re-
-pya, new hani, to pawn
rehema(-), mercy
R rehemu, to pity
rejareja, retail
rabsha(-), brawling rejea, to return; refer to
radhi, goodwill omba radhi, ask rekebisha, see rakibisha
;

forgiveness reli(-), railway

radi(-), thunderclap; piga radi, remba, to decorate
to thunder rembo(ma), ornament
rafiki(-), friend rembua, to disfigure
rafu(-), shelf riba(-), usury; interest
raha(-), rest; happiness ridhaa(-), agreement, content-
rahisi, cheap; easy; light ment
rahisika, to get cheaper, easier ridhi, to please, content; ridhika,
rahisisha, to cheapen; make be satisfied
easier; make light of ridhia, to approve
rai(-), i opinion; reflection; 2 ridhisha, to satisfy
ability rika(ma), a contemporary; rika
rai, rairai, to flatter, cajole moja, same age
raika, be cajoled ringa, to put on airs: be self-
raia(-), citizen; subject conceited
rakaa(-), Moslem prayers with ripota(-), a reporter
bows ripoti(-), a report
rakibisha, rekebisha, to put risasi, a bullet; tia risasi, to
together, assemble; put right solder
rakibishwa rekebishwa, be put risiti(-), a receipt
together, put right rithi, to inherit
rakibu, to mount; ride riziki(-), food and other needs
Ramadhani, Moslem month of robo, a quarter
fasting robota(ma), bundle; bale
ramani(-), a map roho(-), soul; spirit
rambaza, to cruise about for ropoka, to talk nonsense
fish roshani(-), balcony
RUB 63 SAN
ruba(-), leech saga, to grind; sagwa, sagika,
rubani(ma), a pilot be ground
rudi, to return; to punish; to sahani(-), plate; dish
shrink sahau, to forget; sahauliwa, be
rudisha, to give back; send back forgotten
rudishiwa, to receive back -sahaulifu, forgetful
mdufiwa, be doubled sahaulisha, to cause to forget
rudufu, to double sahihi(-), signature; attestation;
rufaani(-), legal appeal correct
ruhusa(>), permission sahihisha, to correct; attest
ruhusiwa; be permitted saidia, to help; saidiwa, be
ruhusu, to permit helped
ruka, to jump; fly saidiana, to co-operate
ruko(ma), a leap; flight sail!, to question: tsailiwa, be
rungu(ma), a knobbed stick questioned
rusha, to throw saka, to hunt; to trap
rusho(ma), a throw sakafu(-), concrete floor or roof
rushwa( - ), a bribe kula rushwa, sakama, to stick
;
fast
to take bribes saki, to fit tight
rutuba(-), moisture; fertility sakifii, to make concrete floor
rutubisha, to improve the soil sakifiwa, be concreted
etc. ;

ruzuku, to supply food and other sakini t to settle in a place

needs sakitu(-), hoar-frost
sala(-), a prayer
S Salaam!, Peace!
salama(-), peace; safety
saa(-), an hour; a clock; watch salamu( - ) , greetings
saba, seven sail, to pray
8ababu(-), reason; kwa sababu, salia, to remain over
because salimu, to greet; salimlwa, be
sabahi, to make morning visit greeted
sabalheri, Good morning salisha, to lead prayers
sabini, seventy saliti, to betray; salitiwa, be
sabuni(-), soap betrayed
saburi(-), patience; to be patient sama, to stick in the throat
sadaka(-), a religious offering samadi(-), manure
8adifu, correct; exact samaki(-), a fish
8adiki, to believe; sadikiwa, be samani(-), utensils of any kind
believed samawatl, sky-blue
sadikika, be believable sambaa, be scattered about
sadikisha, to convince sambamba, alongside
safari(-), a journey samehe, to forgive; samehewa,
safi, clean; pure be forgiven
safidi, to put in order; safidika, samli, ghee ( clarified butter)
be clear, orderly Sana, very; very much
safihi, be arrogant, rude Sana, to forge knives, hoes, etc.
safina(-), Noah's ark sanaa(-), skilled handicraft
safiri, to travel sanamu( - ) a statue photograph
, ;

safirisha, to send on a journey picture

8afisha, to clean sanda(-), a shroud
safu(-), a row; line; safu-safu, sandali - ) sandal-wood
(

in rows sandarusi(-), resin

safura(-), hookworm disease sanduku(ma), box; chest
SAN 64 SHI
sai^ifu, to compose>invent Sham, Syria; Bahari ya Sham,
sanii, to make with skill; invent Red Sea
the
sanjari, in a convoy shamba(ma), cultivated field;
santuri(-), a gramophone plantation
sarafu(-), a coin 8hambulia, to attack
sare, equality between two things shambulio(ma), an attack; sha-
a draw mbuliwa, be attacked
sarifu, to use words grammati- shangaa, to be astonished
cally shangaza, to astonish
sarufi, grammar shangazi(-), paternal aunt
sasa, now; sasa hivi, at once shangilia, to shout with joy;
sataranji(-), the game of chess shangiliwa, be received with
saumu(-), a fast rejoicings
sauti(-), sound; voice shangwe(-), rejoicings
sawa, equal; alike shani(-), an adventure; accident;
sawazisha, to make equal something unusual
sawia, just then shanta(-), a knapsack
sayari(-), a planet sharabu, to absorb; saturate
saza, to leave over shari(-), adversity; evil; kutaka
sazo(ma), remainder shari, to defy
sebule(-), entrance hall Sharifu, to esteem; -sharifu,
sedeka, be of long duration noble; honourable
sega(ma), honeycomb sharti(ma), obligation'; terms
sehemu(-), portion; fraction shashi(-), tissue
sema, to say; speak; semwa, be shaufu, to show off; -shaufu,
said affected
sembuse, much less; much more; shauku(-), strong desire
let alone shauri(ma), advice; to consult
semeka, to be utterable shavu(ma), the cheek; calf of
semezana, to talk together leg; biceps
senea, be blunt shawishi, to persuade; shawl -
seng’enge(-), fencing wire shiwa, be persuaded
sengenya, to backbite; senge- shawishi(ma), inducement
nywa, be spoken ill of shayiri(-), barley
sentensi(-), a sentence shehena(-), freight
senti(-), a cent shemasi(ma), a deacon
seremala(ma), carpenter shemeji(-), brother- or sister-in-
Serikali, Government law
seta, to mash -shenzi, uncivilized
setiri, to conceal sherehe, triumphant rejoicing
Shaabani, month before Rama- sherehekea, to greet with re-
dhani joicings
shaba, copper sheria(-), a law
shabaha(-), i target; aim; 2 like- sherizi(-), glue
ness sheshe(-), beauty
shabihi, to resemble shetani(ma), evil spirit
shada( - ) a string of beads bunch
, ; 8hetri(-), ship’s stern
cluster, etc. shiba, be satisfied, filled with
8hahada(-), the Moslem creed shibe(-)i repletion
shahamu(-), fat grease shibisha, to satisfy fully
8hahidi(ma), a witness; martyr shida(-), hardship; scarcity
8hairi(ma), a poem shika, to hold fast; shlkwa, be
shaka, doubt held
SHI 65 SIM
shikamana, to cleave together 8hungi(ma), a plait of hair; a
8hikamuu, greeting to a superior; flaring lamp
A ns. marahaba 8hupaa, be firm, unyielding
shikilia, to hold on to shupatu(ma), plaited strip for
shikio(ma), handle; rudder bed
shikiza, to make fast -shupavu, obstinate
shikizo(ma), a prop, wedge, etc. shurutisha, to compel
shilingi(-), a shilling shurutisho(ma), compulsion
shimo(ma), a pit shusha, to lower
shina(ma),root and trunk; source shutumu, to upbraid; shutu*
8hinda, partly full miwa,be upbraided
shinda, to overcome; shindwa, shwari(-), a calm
be overcome si,not; siyo, no
shindana, to contend siafu(-), biting ants
shindano(ma), a contest siagi(-), butter
shindika, be overcome siasa, politics; orderliness
shindilia, to press down sibu, to afflict; strike; sibiwa, be
shindo(ma), loud sudden noise be struck
afflicted;
shinikizo(ma), a crushing mach- sidiria(-), a brassiere
ine; oil mill sifa(-), praise; reputation
shirika(ma), partnership sifiwa, sifika, be praised
shiriki, to share in sifongo(-), sponge
shirikiana, to share sifu, to praise; jisifu, to boast
shirikisha, to give a share to sifuri(-), nought; zero
shoka(ma), an axe siha(-), good health
8hokoa(-), forced labour; requi- sihi, to entreat
sition sihiri(-), witchcraft; to bewitch
shona, to sew; shonwa, be sewn sijambo, I am well
shonesha, to get a garment siki(-), vinegar
made sikia, to hear; sikiwa, be heard
shono(ma), sewing sikika, be audible
shoto, lefthandedness; kushoto, sikiliza, to listen
on the left sikilizana, to agree together
shtaka(ma), accusation sikio(ma), an ear
8htaki, to accuse; shtakiwa, be sikitika, to grieve
accused sikitiko(ma), grief
shtua, to startle; jerk -sikivu, attentive
shtuka, be startled siku(-), a day
shua, to launch a boat; shuliwa, sikukuu(-), a festival
be launched sikuzote, always
shudu(ma), refuse of oil-seed silabi(-), a syllable
shughuli(-), business silaha(-), weapon
shughulika, be busy silika(-), disposition; instinct
shuhuda(ma), testimony silimu, to become a Moslem
shuhudia, to witness to; shuhu- simadi, to manure
diwa, be witnessed to simama, to stand
shujaa(ma), a hero simamia, to superintend
shuka(ma), a loincloth; sheet simamisha, to halt; to erect
shukrani(-), gratitude 8imanga, to triumph over
8huku, to doubt simango(ma), ill-natured triumph
8hukuru, to thank; shukuriwa, simba(>), a lion
be thanked 8ime( - ) , a short sword
8hule(-), school simika, to set up; appoint
SIM 66 SUL
Simile! Make wayl. somo(ma), i a reading; 2 a
8iAio(-), i something new; 2 a lesson; 3 a confidential friend
saying, proverb songa, to press; songwa, be
simu(-), telegram pressed
simulla, to narrate; simuliwa, songamana, to writhe, twist to-
be told gether
slmullzi(ma), news; story songo(ma), a coil
sina, I have not songoa, songonyoa, to wring
sindano(-), a needle; piga si- staajabu, be surprised
ndano, give an injection staajablsha, to astonish
sindika, to press out oilseed or staarabika, be civilized
sugarcane -staarabu, wise; civilized
slndlklza, to accompany part of stadi, expert
the way staha,(-), respect
sindikizo(ma), oil-press; sugar- stahi, to respect; Stahl wa, be re-
mill spected
singizla, to slander; jisingizia, stahlli, to deserve
to pretend stahlllsha, to deem worthy
singizio(ma), slander stahlmlll, to put up with
sinia(-), metal tray - stahi vu, honourable
slnyaa, to shrivel up «takabadhl(-), a receipt
sinzla, to doze staklmu, to prosper
sinzilisha, to lull to sleep stara(-), concealment
sira(-), dregs, lees starehe, be at ease
siri(-), a secret starehesha, to put at ease
sisi, we; us; sisi wenyewe, we steshenl(-), railway station
ourselves 8timu(-), electricity
sisimizl(-), small ants stiri, to conceal; stlrika, be con-
sisimka, to tingle with excite- cealed
ment stuka, be startled stusha, to
;

sisitiza, to urge startle

sita, six subira(-), patience
sita, to hesitate; be uncertain sublrl, be patient
sltaha(-), ship’s deck sudi(-), success
sitawi, to prosper 8ufi(-), kapok
sitawisha, to cause to prosper sufu, wool
8itini, sixty sufurla(-), saucepan
8itiri, to conceal sugu(-), a callosity; callousness
sivyo, not so sugua, to scrub; suguliwa, be
siyo, no scrubbed
sizl(ma), soot suhublana, be friendly with
soga(ma), idle chatter; piga sujudu, to bow down in worship;
masoga, have a chat sujudlwa, be worshipped
sogea, sogeza, to move suka, to shake; to plait
soko(ma), market; sokonl, mar- sukarl(-), sugar
ketplace suke(ma), ear of corn
sokota, to twist sukuma, to push sukumwa, be
;

soksi(-), socks; stockings pushed

sokwe(-), a chimpanzee sukumana, to jostle
solo(-), seeds used as marbles or sukumlza, to thrust along
counters sukutua, to rinse mouth; gargle
soma, to read go to school
;
sullblsha, to crucify; sullbiwa,
somesha, to teach be crucified
SUL 67 TAM
8ulu, polish ; kupiga sulu, to tafuna, to chew; tafunwa, be
polish chewed
8ulubu(-), vigour, energy tafuta, to look for; tafutwa, be
suluhisha, to reconcile looked for
suluhu(-), reconciliation taga, to lay eggs; tagwa, be
8ululu(-), a pickaxe laid
8umaku(-), a magnet tagaa, to stride
sumbua, to annoy, trouble; Tahamaki!, Behold!
sumbuka, be annoyed taharuki, be in a hurry
8umbuo(ma), annoyance tahayari, be ashamed
sumu(-), poison tahayarisha, to shame
sungura(-), a hare tahiri, to circumcise; tahiriwa,
sura(-), i appearance; 2 chapter be circumcised
surua(-), measles tai(-), an eagle
suruali(-), trousers taifa(ma), a nation
susu(-), hanging shelf taja, to name; to mention
susuri(-), aimless moves from tajamala(-), a favour
place to place tajamali, do a favour
susurika, to be moved about taji(- ), a crown
suta, to accuse publicly tajiri(ma), a wealthy man; a
suto(ma), public accusations merchant
suza, to rinse tajirika, to get rich; tajirisha, to
swali(ma), a question enrich
taka(-), dirt; rubbish; takataka,
T odds and ends
taka, to want; to need; takiwa,
taa(-), a lamp be wanted
taabani, in distress takabali, to accept, agree
taabika, be in distress takabari, to show off
taabisha, to distress takasa, to cleanse; make bright;
taabu(-), distress takasika, be clean; bright
-taalamu, well-informed takata, become clear
taamuli( - ) , thoughtfulness -takatifu, holy
taarifa(-), a report takia(ma), a cushion
tabaka(-), a layer; lining takikana, be needed
tabana, to make incantations takiwa, see taka
tabasamu, to smile tako(ma), the base; butt-end
tabia(-), character; nature talaka(-), a divorce
tabibu(ma), a doctor talasimn(-), a charm
tabiki, be attached to; to line tama, final; decisive; tamati,
tabikisha, to attach a lining, finis
etc. tamaa(-), strong desire
tabiri, to predict; tabiriwa, be tamalaki, to rule
predicted tamani, to covet; long for;
tadi, to offend; tadi(-), rudeness, tamanika, be desired, desirable
evil action tamanisha, to allure
Tafadhali!, Please! tamasha(-), a show; pageant
tafakari, to meditate tamba, to strut proudly
tafiti, to pry into; -taflti, in- tambaa, to crawl; creep
quisitive tambarare(-), country
flat
taf rij a( - ) , recreation ; entertain- tambaza, to drag on the ground
ment tambaza maneno, to drawl
tafsiri, a translation -tambazl, creeping; crawling
TAM 68 TAZ
tambika, make offerings to the tanzia(-), announcement of a
dead death
tambiko(ma), propitiatory of- tao(ma), curve; arch
fering tapa, to shiver; struggle
tambua, to discern; recognize; tapakaa, be dotted about
understand tapanya, to disperse; scatter
tambulika, be well-known about
tambulisha, to make known tapanyika, be dispersed
-tambuzi, intelligent tapika, to vomit
-tamfu, pronounceable tapishi(ma), vomit
tamka, to pronounce tarabu(-), a concert
tamko(ma), pronunciation; ac- taraja(ma), hope; expectation
cent tarajia, to hope for; tarajiwa, be
-tamu, sweet; pleasant hoped for
tamutamu, sweets confection- tarakimu( - ) , numeral figure
; ;

ery taratibu(-), order; method

tanabahi, to consider carefully tarehe(-), date; chronicles
tanadhari, be on one's guard tarishi(ma), a messenger
-tanashati, neat, clean, well- tarizi, to embroider
dressed %v-_
taruma(ma), wooden support or
tanda, tandaa, be spread out t strut; spoke of wheel
tandika, tandaza, to spread tarumbeta(-), a trumpet
tandiko(ma), mat; bedding; awn- tasa, barren female
ing; etc. tasbihi(-), a rosary
tando(ma), tandabui(-), spider’s taslimu, cash payment
web taswira(-), a portrait; picture
tandu(-), centipede tata, tatanisha, to tangle; per-
tanga(ma), a sail plex
tangaa, be spread abroad tatanua, to disentangle; clear up
tangamano(ma), coming toge- a difficulty
ther tatarika, to crackle; chatter
tangatanga, to stroll about; tatika, be tangled; confused
dawdle tatiza, to puzzle
tangawlzi(-), ginger tatizo(ma), a problem
tangaza, to publish abroad tatu, three
tangazo(ma), a notice; proclama- tatua, to tear; solve a difl5.culty
tion tatuka, be torn
tangi(ma), a tank tauni(-), plague
tango(ma), small cucumber tausi(-), peacock
tangu, since; tangu leo, from tawa, to live in seclusion
today -tawa, devout
tangua, to cancel; annul; tangu - tawadha, to wash the feet
ka, be annulled tawala, to rule; tawaliwa, be
tangulia, to go before ruled
tanguUza, to put first tawanya,
to scatter; tawanyika,
tanguo(ma), cancellation; an- be scattered
nulment tawanyiko(ma), dispersion
tania, to treat with familiarity; tawaza, to instal as ruler
to chaff tawi(ma), a branch
tano, five taya(ma), jawbone
tanua, to stretch apart tayari, ready; fanya tayari, to
tanuu(-), a kiln prepare
tanzi(-), loop; noose tazama, to look at
TAZ 69 TII
tazamana, to look at one an- tengana, to leave one another;
other separate
tazamia, to expect; to inspect; tengemana, to settle down after
tazamiwa, be expected in- ; upheaval
spected tengemano(ma), settling down
tega, set ready; set a trap; tengenea, be in good order
tegwa, be trapped tengeneza, put in order; mend
tegemea, to lean on; rely on; tengenezo(ma), orderly arrange-
tegemewa, be relied on ment
tegemeo(ma), a support tepe(ma), braid; soldiers’ stripes
tegemeza, to support tepetea, be listless
tego(ma), charm to ensure wife’s -tepetevu, listless; limp
fidelity terema, be at ease
tegua, to let off a trap to sprain teremesha, set at ease
;

teguka, be sprained -teremeshi, genial

teka, i draw water from well; 2 tesa, to afflict; persecute; teswa,
to plunder; tekwa, be carried be persecuted
off teso(ma), suffering
teke(ma), a kick; piga teke, to teta, to dispute; speak against
kick tete(ma), a reed
tekelea, be fulfilled tetea, to speak on someone's be-
tekeleza, 1 to fulfil; 2 hold spell- half
bound tetemeka, to tremble
tekelezo(ma), fulfilment tetemeko(ma), earthquake
tekenya, to tickle; a jigger tetesi(-), a dispute
tekettfh, be burnt up destroyed
; tetewanga(-), chickenpox
teketeke, soft; tender teto(ma), argument
teketeza, to burn up; destroy teua, to select; teuliwa, be
tekewa, be bewildered selected
tekua, to break up; break down -teule, chosen
tele, in abundance -teuzi, fastidious; critical
teleka, put pot on fire thabiti, firm; resolute
telekeza, to halt ( for meal) thamani( - value
),

telemka, to descend thamini, to value

telemsha, to lower; let down thawabu(-), a reward
teleza, to slip; be slippery thelathini, thirty
teli(-), gold thread or braid snow
theluji(-) ,
tema, to slash; tema kuni, themanini, eighty
cut firewood; tema mate, to thenashara, twelve
spit thibitika, be proved; firm
tembea, to take a walk go about
;
thibltisha, to establish; prove
tembeza, to show round; hawk thibitisho(ma), verification
about thubutu, to dare
tembo(-), 1 elephant; 2 palm- thuluthu, a third
wine tia, toput; tiwa, be put
tena, again; then tiara(-), a child's kite
tenda, to do; tendeka, be done tibu, to treat medically
tende(-), dates tibua, to stir up, make muddy;
tendekeza, to achieve by
practice tibuka, be stirred up
tendewa, to undergo; be treated tifu(ma), dust
tendo(ma), an action -tifu, dustlike
tenga, to set apart; tengwa, be tifua, make a dust
set part til, to obey; tiiwa, be obeyed
TII 70 TUM
-tii, obedient tonge(ma) a small lump t

tifcisa, to shake ; tikiswa, be tongoza, to seduce; tongozwa,

shaken be seduced
tikisika, be shaky; unsteady tononoka, to flourish
tikiti(ma), a watermelon tope(ma), mud
timamu, complete topea, to sink in
timia, be completed topeza, to drag down; press in
-timilifu, perfect topoa, to extricate
timiza, to complete toroka, to run away
tindi, unripe; half-grown torosha, to entice away
tindika, to fall short; tindikiwa, tosa, cause to sink
be short of tosha, be sufficient
tinga, to shake; vibrate tosheleza, to satisfy
tingisha, to cause to shake tota, to sink; be drowned
tingitingi(-), a vibrating bridge -tovu, lacking
tini(-), figs towashi(ma), a eunuch
tiririka, to trickle; glide towe, potter’s clay
tisa, nine toweka, to disappear
tisha, to threaten; tishwa, be toza, to seize
threatened tua, to set down; stop
tishari(-), a lighter; barge tu, only -
.

tisho(ma), a threat tuama, to settle

tisini, ninety tubu, to repent
tita(ma), bundle of firewood or tufani(-), a storm
grass tufe(-), a ball; globe
titimka, be in excited state tuhuma(-), suspicion
titimua, to throw into confusion tuhumiana, to suspect one an-
toa, put forth;
to offer; give; other.
tolewa, be given tuhumu, to suspect
toba(-), penitence tui(-), juice of grated coconut
toboa, to bore a hole; tobolewa, tukana, to abuse; tukanwa, be
be bored abused
tofali(ma), a brick tukano(ma), abuse
tofauti(-), difference tukia, to happen
tofautisha, distinguish between tukio(ma), an occurrence; event
tohara(-), ceremonial cleanliness; -tukufu, glorious
circumcision tukuka, be worthy of glory
toja, to scarify; tattoo tukutika, to flutter; be agitated
tojo(ma), incision; tattoo tukutiko(ma) t nervous excite-
toka, to go out; come out; go ment
away -tukutu, restless
tokea, to appear; to happen tukuza, to exalt; glorify
tokeapo, henceforth tuli, quiet
tokeo(ma), the result tulia, be calm
tokeza, to put out; be prominent -tulivu, tranquil
tokomea, to vanish tuliza, to pacify
tokomeza, to reduce to nothing tuma, to send tumwa, be sent
;

tokosa, to cook in water or fat tumaini(ma), confidence

tolewa, see toa tumaini, to hope; tumalnlwa,
tomasa, to press gently be trusted
tona, to fall in drops tumainisha, give hope to
tone(ma), a drop; dot tumba(ma), a bud
tonewa, be dotted over tumbako(-), tobacco
TUM 71 UCH
tumbili(-), a monkey uaguzi, divination
tumbo(ma), stomach Uajemi, Persia
tumbua, to rip open; make hole uambukizo, infection
in tumbuliwa, be ripped open
; uaminifu, faithfulness
tumbuiza, to soothe by singing uangalifu, carefulness
tumbuka, to burst uangalizi(ma) y observation;
tumbukia, to fall into guardianship
tumbukiza, to push into uapo(ny), an oath
tumbuza, to penetrate uasherati, fornication; promis
tumia, to use tumiwa, be used
; cuity
tumika, be employed; be usable uasi, disobedience
tumikia, to serve ubaba, fatherhood
tunda(ma), a fruit ubadilifu, changeableness
tundika, see tungika ubaguzl, segregation
tundu(-), a hole; nest ubahili, miserliness
tunga, to put together; compose ubainisho(ma), clear evidence
tungamana, be in harmony ubale(mb), slices; strips
tungika, to hang up; suspend; ubalehe, puberty
tungikwa, to be hung ubani, incense
tungua, to take down; discon- ubao(mb), a plank
nect tunguliwa, be taken down ubapa(b), flat surface
;

tunu(-), a treasure ubaradhuli y gullibility

tunuka, to set one’s heart on ubashiri y prediction
tunukia, make a present to ubatili, worthlessness
tunza, to take care of Ubatizo, Baptism
tupa(-), a file; rasp ubavu(mb), a rib
tupa, to throw ubawa(mb), a wing
tupia, to throw at /to; tupiwa, be ubaya, evil
thrown at/to ubembe, wheedling; soliciting
-tupu, empty; bare ubichi, unripeness; rawness
tusi(ma), filthy abuse ubikira y virginity
tuta(ma), ridges for planting ubinadamu y human nature
tutika, to pile up; pile loads on ubingwa y skill
head ubini forgery
y

tutuma, to rumble ubishi, strife; joking

tutusa, to grope about in dark ubivu y ripeness
tuza, to reward ubongo, brain
tuzo(-), a prize; present ubora y excellence
twaa, to take twaliwa, be taken ubovu y rottenness
;

twanga, to husk grain by pounding ubuni inventiony

tweka, to hoist a flag ubutu, bluntness

tweta, to pant for breath uchache fewness y

tweza, to humiliate uchafu, dirt

twiga(-), a giraffe uchaguzi, discrimination; choice
twika, take up a head load uchaji y
awe fear of God ;

uchanga, immaturity
U uchao dawn y

uchawi, sorcery
For prefix U see page 21 uchechefu, fewness
ua(ma), a flower ucheshi good temper; wit
y

ua(ny), a courtyard uchi nakedness

y

ua, to kill uawa, be killed

;
uchokochoko, nagging
uadui, enmity I uchokozi, teasing
UCH 72 UKA
uchongelezi, slander ugolo, snuff
udhovu, tiredness ugomvi, strife
uchu, a craving ugonjwa(ma) y
illness
uchukuzi, transport ugua, to be ill; to groan
uchumba, marriage engagement ugumu, hardness; difficulty
uchumi, trade; earnings uguza, to nurse a sick person
uchungu, bitterness ugwe(n), cord
uchunguzi, investigation uhai, life
udadisi, curiosity uhaini, treachery
udakuzi, talebearing uhalifu, disobedience
udanganyifu, deceitfulness uhamaji, migration
udhaifu, weakness uhamiaji, immigration
udhalimu, injustice uhamisho, banishment
udhi, to annoy; udhika, be uharamia, piracy; outlawry
annoyed uharibifu, destruction
udhia, annoyance uhitaji y need
udhilifu, humiliation uhodari, courage
udhuru, excuse uhuni, vagabondage
udogo, smallness uhuru, freedom
udongo, soil; udongo ulaya, uhusiano, relevancy
cement 'Uigaji, imitation; play-acting
udugu, kinship Uingereza, England; Britain
udumu, perseverance Uislamu, Moslem religion
ufa(ny), a crack; cleft uizi, theft
ufafanuzi, interpretation ujamaa, family
ufagio(f), a broom ujana, youth
ufahamu, understanding ujane widowhood
y

ufalme, kingdom ujanja, cunning

ufananaji, resemblance ujaslri, daring
ufanisi, prosperity ujasusl, spying
ufasaha, elegance in use of ujazi, abundance
language ujazo, capacity
ufasiki, ufisadi, vice ujenzl, building
uftto(f), a thin pole uji, gruel
ufizi(f), gum of tooth ujima, co-operation
ufuatano, sequence ujinga, folly
ufufuko, ufufuo, resurrection ujira, wages
ufukara, destitution uj Irani, neighbourhood
ufuko, sea-shore ujumbe, a deputation
ufundi, craftsmanship ujuvi, impudence
ufunguo(f), a key ujuzi, experience; knowledge
ufunuo, revelation ukabidbi, economy; hoarding
ufupi, shortness ukadirifu, assessment modera- ;

ufupisho(ma), a summary; ab- tion

breviation ukaguzi, inspection
ufuta, oilseed ukahaba, prostitution
ufyozi, insolent contempt ukaidi, obstinacy
uga(ny), open space in village ukali, sharpness; severity
ugali, stiff porridge ukambaa(k), plaited rope
uganga, native medicine ukame, desolation
ugeni, strangeness; ugenini, ukamiltfu, perfection
abroad ukanda(k), belt; strap
ugeuzi, variation ukarimu, generosity
UKA 73 UNY
ukarani, work of a clerk ulingo, raised platform for watch-
ukashifu, libel; slander man
ukatili, cruelty ulinzi, protection
ukavu, dryness uliza, to question; ulizwa, be
uke, womanhood; female sex questioned
organs ulizo(ma), interrogation
ukili(k), plaited leaf strip ulozi, sorcery
ukilia, be intent on uma, to hurt; bite; sting; umwa,
ukindu, palm-leaf strips for plait- be bitten
ing umalidadi, smart appearance
ukiri, acknowledgement umande, dew
ukiwa, loneliness umaskini, poverty
ukoka, fodder grass umati, a crowd
ukoma, leprosy umba, to create; umbwa, be
ukombozi, ransom created
ukomo, discontinuance umbali, distance
ukonge, fibre umbia, to soar; glide; flare up
ukongwe, extreme old age umbile(ma), natural condition
ukoo, kinship umbo(ma), shape; form
ukorofi, brutality umbu(ma), (his) sister; (her)
ukosefu, deficiency brother
ukosi, back of neck; coat collar umbua, to disfigure
ukubwa, size; bulk ume, manliness; -ume, male
ukucha(k), fingernail; toenail umeme, lightning
ukufi(k), small handful umilele, eternity
ukufuru, blasphemy umio(m), internal throat
ukulima, agriculture umiza, to cause pain
ukumbi, porch umoja, unity
ukumbuko, recollection umri, age
ukumbusho(ma), a reminder; umua, to make the dough
memorial umuka, to rise, swell (dough;
ukunga, midwifery sea)
ukungu, mist; mildew unadhifu, neatness
ukunjufu, gaiety unafiki, hypocrisy
ukurasa(k), a page unajimu, astrology
ukuta(k), a wall unajisi, defilement
ukuu, greatness unda, to construct in wood
ukwato(k), a hoof undwa, be constructed
ukweli, the truth undani, a secret grudge
ulafi, greed unene, stoutness; thickness
ulaghai, deceit unga, flour; powder
ulaji(ma), food; diet unga, to join; ungwa, be joined
ulalo(ma), native bridge ungama, to confess
Ulaya, Europe ungamana, be united
ulegevu, slackness ungamanisha, to unite
ulevi, drunkenness ungana, to combine
ulezi(ma), upbringing ung’aro, brightness
ulimaji, agriculture ungo(ny), winnowing basket
ulimbo, birdlime ungua, be scorched, burnt
ulimi(nd), tongue Unguja, Zanzibar
ulimwengu, the world unguza, to burn, char
ulinganyifu, similarity; har- unyago, tribal initiation rite
mony unyamavu, quietness
UNY 74 UTA
unyang’anyi, usurpation; seizure uradhi, satisfaction
unyanya, disdain uraflki, friendship
unyenyekevu, humility uraia, citizenship
unyenyezi, haziness urefu, length
unyevu, dampness urembo, ornamentation
unyofu, uprightness urithi, inheritance
unyonge, weakness urujuani, purple
uo(ny), sheath; cover usafi, cleanhness; purity
uongo, falsehood usaha, pus
uoni, sight usahaulifu, forgetfulness
uovu, evil usahihi, correctness
upambanuzi, discrimination usalama, safety
upana, width usaliti, treachery
upandaji, planting usawa, level; equality
upande(p), side; direction usemaji, fluency
upanga(p), a sword usemi, speech
upangaji, arrangement; rent usermala, carpentry
upapi(p), narrow strip of wood ushahidi, witness
upara, bald head ushanga, beads
upatanisho, atonement ushaufu, vanity
upatu(p), a gong ushawishi, persuasion
upawa(p), a ladle ushi(ny), eyebrow; ridge
upele(p), a pimple ushikamano, adhesion
upelekaji, transmission U8hinde, defeat
upelekwa, mission ushindi, victory
upelelezi, investigation ushirika, partnership
upendano, mutual love ushuhuda, witness
upendo, love ushujaa, valour
upenu(p), a lean-to ushupavu, firmness; obstinacy
upenyezi, smuggling; bribery ushuru, tax
upeo, the limit; upeo wa macho, usia(ma), directions; a will
the horizon usia, to direct; bequeath
upepo(p), wind usikivu, attention; docility
upesi, quickly usiku, night; usiku kucha, all
upevu, maturity night
upi?, which? usimamizi, oversight
upimaji, measuring; valuation usingizi, sleep
upinde(p), a bow usitawi, prosperity
upindo(p), border; hem uso(ny), face; surface
upinzani, opposition ustaarabu, civilization
upishi, cookery ustadi, skill
upofu, blindness ustahili, merit
upokeaji, adoption ustahimilivu, forbearance
upole, gentleness ustahivu, respect
upotevu, waste usubi, sandflies; midges
upotoe, upotovu, perversity; usugu, callousness
depravity usukanl, steering gear
upungufu, deficiency usukumlzi, impulse
upunguzi, reduction uta(ny), a bow
upurukushani, negligence utabibu, medical treatment
upuzi, nonsense utaflti, inquisitiveness
upweke, loneliness utaji(t), a veil
upya, newness; anew utajiri, wealth
UTA 75 VIN
utakatifu, holiness uvutano, mutual attraction
utambaazi, a trail uvuvi, fishing
utambi(t), a wick uwakili, agency
utambuzi, intelligence uwanda(ny), a plain; plateau
utamu, sweetness pleasant- uwanja(w), open space among
;

ness houses
utando, a cobweb; film uweza, uwezo, power; ability
utangulizi, precedence; preface uza, to sell; uzwa, be sold
utani, a familiar friendship uzalendo, patriotism
utaratibu, orderliness uzani, weight; rhythm
utatu, trinity uzao, offspring
utawa, religious devotion uzazi, childbearing
utawala, government uzee, old age
utelezi, shpperiness uzembe, negligence
utendaji, activity uzi(ny), thread, string, wire
utenzi(t), a poem uzima, life; health
utepe(t), braid; tape; ribbon uzingo, a halo
utepetevu, listlessness uzinzi, adultery
utetezi, argument uzito, heaviness; weight
uteuzi, fastidiousness; fad uzoevu, familiarity
uthabiti, stability uzuizi, constraint; disadvant-
uti, backbone age
util, obedience uzulu, to dismiss; jiuzulu, to re-
utimizo, completion sign
utitiri, chicken-fleas uzulu(ma), dismissal; abdica-
utomvu, sap tion
utoshelevu, adequacy uzuri, beauty; make-up
utosi(t), crown of head uzu8hi, emergence; innovation
utoto, childhood
utovu, lack V
utu, manhood
utukufu, glory vaa, to wear; valika; vallwa, be
utulivu, peacefulness worn
utume, an errand vamia, to pounce upon; lie on
utumishi, service vazi(ma), a garment
utumizi, usefulness vema, well; good
utumwa, slavery via, to be stunted ;
spoilt
utundu, mischief vibaya, bad; badly
utungaji, composition vifaa, equipment
utungu, pain of childbirth vifijo,applause
utunzaji, taking care of vigelegele, trills of joy
utusitusi, darkness vigumu, difficult
uuaji, murder vika, to clothe; vikwa, be
uuguzi, nursing the sick clothed
uungwana, culture vile, those thus vilevile, just the
; ;

uvimbe, a swelling same

uvivu, idleness vilia, to clot
uvuguvugu, lukewarmness vilio(ma), contusion; bruise
nvuli, shade vimba, to swell; vimbiwa, be dis-
uvumba, incense tended
uvumbuzi, discovery vingi, many
uvumi, a rumour vingine, some; others
uvumilivu, forbearance vinginyika, to wriggle
VIN 76 WAZ
W
vingirlka,
along ^
vingirisha,

vinjari, to cruise about

to roll

wa (kuwa), to be; kuwa na, to

viringana, to be round have
viringisha, to bend round waa(ma), blotch; blemish
vita(-), war; battle waama, moreover
vivi hivi, in the same way wadi(-), watercourse; appointed
-vivu, idle; lazy time
viza, to spoil wadia, to be time; wakatl ume-
vizia, to spy on wadia, the time has come
vizuri, well wahi, be in time
volkeno(-), volcano wajibisha, to behove
vua, i to fish; 2 take off clothes; wajrbu, obligation
3 save wajihi, face; to present oneself
vuaza, to make a cut wajihiana, to meet face to face
-vuguvugu, lukewarm waka, to burn shine
;

vuja, to leak wakaa(-), a time

vuke(ma), vapour; steam wakala, agency
vukiza, to fumigate; cense wakati(ny), time
vnkuta, to work bellows wakf, consecrated charitable
;

vuli(-), the short rains foundation

vulio(ma), cast-off clothes wakia, an ounce
vuma, to blow; rumble wakili(ma), an agent
vumba(ma), bad fish smell wakiUsha, to appoint as agent
vumbi(ma), dust wala, neither; nor
vumbika, to cover up to ripen walakini, however
vumbua, to uncover; bring to wall, cooked rice
light walimwengu, people on earth
vumika, be rumoured wamba, to apply by stretching
vumilia, to bear patiently wambiso, an adhesive
-vumilivu, patient wana, see mwana
vumo(ma), rumbling wanadamu, human beings
vuna, to reap; jivuna, to boast wanda, to get fat
vunda, to smell high wanga, starch
vunde(ma), tainted food wapi?, where?
vungavunga, to crumple waraka(ny), letter; document
up;
work badly; bewilder wari, yard measure
vunja, to break; vunjika, be waridi(ma), a rose
broken wasaa, leisure
vuo(ma), a catch of fish washa, to light; to itch
vuruga, to stir; disarrange wasifu, to describe
vurugika, be stirred up; decom- wasili, arrival; to arrive
posed wasiwasi, disquiet
vurugu-vurugu, in confusion wastani, average
vurumisha, to whirl watu, people
vuruvuru, whirring wavu(ny), a net
vusha, to convey across wayawaya, to sway
vuta, to pull; attract; interest wayo(ny), a footprint
vuvia, to blow mouth or bellows) waza, to think; imagine
(

vuvumka, to develop quickly wazi, open

vuvuwaa, be speechless wazimu, madness
vyema, see vema waziri(ma), minister of state
vyombo, goods and chattels wazo(ma), thought; supposition
WEK 77 ZID
weka, to put; put by; appoint yamini(-), right hand; solemn
wekea, put aside for oath
-wekevu, thrifty yamkini, possibility; probably
weko(ma), place for putting yatima(-), an orphan
something yaya(ma), child's nurse
weledi, skilful yeye, he; him; she; her
wema, goodness ye yote, anyone
wembe(ny), a razor yeyuka, yeyusha, to melt
wengi, many ( people yowe(ma), a shout for help
wengine, some; others yuayua, to wander about
wengu, the spleen yugayuga, to stagger
wenzi, companions; wenzangu, yumba, to sway, stagger
my companions yumkini, same as yamkini
wepesi, quickness yungiyungi(ma), water-lily
werevu, shrewdness yupi?, who?
weusi, darkness
wevi, wezi, thieves Z
wewe, you
weweseka, to talk in sleep zaa, to bear offspring
wia, be owed by; wiwa, to zabibu(-), grapes
owe zaburi(-), a psalm
wika, to crow zagaa, to give light; zagawa, be
wiki(-), week lighted up
wilaya(-), district zaidi, more zaidi ya, more than
;

-will, two zaka(-), i tithes; 2 arrow-quiver

wima, upright zalisha, to act as midwife
wimbi(ma), a wave zaliwa, be born
wimbo(ny), song; hymn zama, to sink; dive
winchi(-), crane zama, zamani, a period time
;

winda, to hunt zamani, long ago

windo(ma), hunter's bag zambarau(-), damsons; purple
winga, to chase off zamu(-), period of duty; turn
wingi, abundance zana(-), weapons; gadgets; fit-
wingu(ma), a cloud tings
wino, ink zao(ma), produce
wishwa(-), husks zari(-), gold thread; brocade
wivi, wizi, theft zatiti, to prepare
-wivu, jealous; jealousy zawadi(-), a present
wiwa na, to owe zebaki, mercury
wizara, the Ministry zeituni(-), olives
woga, cowardice -zembe, negligent
wokovu, salvation zeze(-), kind of banjo
wote, everyone zia, zira, 1 to hate; 2 drive off
ants; 3 keep a taboo
Y ziada(-), increase; surplus
ziara(ma), 1 a tomb; 2 a visit
yaani, that is to say ziba, to stop up; zibwa, be
yabisi, hard and dry stopped up
Yahudi(ma), a Jew zibika, get stopped up
yai(ma), an egg zibua, to unstop
yakini, the truth; certainly zibuka, zibuliwa, be unstopped
yakinia, to resolve on zldi, to increase
yakinisha, to confirm zidio(ma) an increase
y
ZID 78 zuz
zidisha, to add more -zoelefu, familiar with
zidiwa, be hardpt-essed zoeleka, become customary
zlhi, suitability zoeza, to train by practice; jizo-
zika, to bury eza, to practise
zima, to extinguish zoezi(ma), an exercise
-zima, whole; well zohali(-), delay; negligence
zimia, to faint zohalika, to delay; be negligent
zimika, to go out, be extin- zomea, to hoot in derision
guished zomeo(ma), derision
zimua, to reduce strength; zimu- zonga, to wind round; zongoa, to
liwa, be reduced unwind
zimwl(ma), an ogre zongamana, be coiled round
zinaa(-), adultery zongamea, to coil round
zinda, be firm zozana, to nag one another
zindika, to make firm; protect zua, to bore through; bring to
with charms light; invent
zindiko(ma), a protective charm zuia, to prevent
zindua, to remove a spell; open zuiUka, be preventable
new building zuio(ma), an obstruction
zinduka, to wake with a start; zuka, to appear suddenly
be freed from a spell zulia(ma), a carpet
zinga, to go round turn round
;
zulika, to get dizzy
zingamana, to twist, wind {river) zulizuli(-), giddiness
-zingativu, thoughtful zumari(ma), a wind instrument
zingira, to surround zunguka, to go round; zungu-
zingiwa, be besieged kwa, be surrounded
zingo(ma), a bend; twist zunguko(ma), a circuit; revolu-
zingua, to unroll; take off spell; tion
zinguliwa, be freed from spell zungumza, to converse; jizu-
zini, to commit adultery ngumza, amuse oneself
zirai, to faint zungusha, to put round
-zito, heavy; serious; dull zuri(-), perjury; commit perjury
ziwa(ma), a lake; breast -zuri, beautiful
ziza, to impose a taboo zuru, to visit; zuriwa, be visited
zizi(ma), sheepfold; cowshed, etc. zurura, to wander about aim-
zizima, to get cold lessly
zizimia, to sink; disappear -zuzu, foolish
zizimua, to take chill off zuzua, make a fool of
zoea, zoelea, get used to zuzuka, be fooled, puzzled
ENGLISH-SWAHILI
DICTIONARY
r

*
 NOTES ON THE ENGLISH-SWAHILI SECTION
Nouns
As usual in Swahili dictionaries, the plural of a noun is shown in the
is
Swahili-English section, and reference should be made to that if
necessary. However, to avoid the frequent reference needed to dis-
tinguish between the MA and N classes, the nouns in the former are
shown in this section with the sign(ma), and the difficult plurals of the
N-class are also given. If it is remembered that nouns beginning with
m mw
or make their plural with wa for people and mi for things, and
that the plural of ki and ch is vi and vy, there should not be much
need to refer to the other section.
Verbs
Verbs are given with their infinitive prefix ku; this makes it easy
to distinguish them from nouns of the same form; e.g. signal,
ishara;
kuashiria. The noun is usually given first.
for both a
It often happens that the same word is used in English
transitive and an intransitive verb where in Swahili there
are two
different verbs: e.g. decrease, kupungua, kupunguza. If it
is re-

membered that za sha and nya are causative endings, it will be seen
at once that punguza means make less, and pungua will mean get
less e.g. Maji yamepungua, The water has
decreased Punguza maji.
;
:

Decrease the water. Reference to the Swahili Section should also make
it clear.

Adjectives and Pronouns

Those which require a prefix are shown with a short line in front,
and the right prefix will be found in the Table of Concords. The
relative iliyo and isiyo also require the right concords in
place of the
syllables in italics. These too will be found in the Table; see also
page 8. ...
There are two things which a Concise Dictionary cannot do.
, ,

( 1 ) It cannot
show the difference in pronunciation or stress between
two words spelt in the same way. Sow, the word for a female
pig is
pronounced differently from the word to plant seed. And the noun
desert is stressed differently from the verb. This may
puzzle an
African using the dictionary, but the English user will
meet no such
and the stress is always
difficulty, for Swahili is written phonetically,
on the syllable before the last. x .

It cannot usually give more than one word out of several

(2)
several Swahili
having the same meaning. There are, for instance,
Swahili section;
words for know, and these will be found in the
the most-used word,
but in the English section, under know, only
having the widest meaning, can be given. Where a
word has two or
and if there is any
three different meanings, they are marked
i, 2, 3,

doubt as to the one wanted reference can be made to

the Swahili
section.
81
 82

Prefixes and Suffixes

The English language has prefixes and suffixes by which a large
number of words nave been, and are being, formed. The most impor-
tant are those that negative or reverse the meaning of the original
verb. The notes given here are to help the African reader to under-
stand words of this kind that he may not find in the dictionary, and
to remind the English reader how to translate them.
un in dis mis
un is the chief negative prefix used with adjectives and verbs; e.g.
certain, hakika\ uncertain, si hakika', armed, -enye silaha un-
armed, bila silaha\ a healthy child, mtoto mwenye afya\ an un-
healthy child, mtoto asiye na afya. The prefix has also a reversive
force fasten, funga unfasten, fungua cover, funika uncover,
; ; ; ;

funua.
in is used like un, but the n changes sometimes to agree with the
following letter: e.g. convenient, -a kufaa inconvenient, isiyofaa
; ;

legal, halali illegal, si halali; mature, iliyopevuka; immature,

;

isiyopevuka. This prefix has also its own meaning of inside.

dis does more than merely negative; it gives an opposite meaning;
e.g. like, kupenda; dislike, kuchukia obey, kutii\ disobey, kuasi;
;

be contented, kuridhika be discontented, kunung’unika.

;

mis gives the meaning of (kukosea) use, kutumia misuse,

;

kutumia vibaya; understand, kuelewa misunderstand, kutoelewa

;

sawasawa lead, kuongoza; mislead, kuongoza vibaya.

;

less
less added to a noun makes an adjective with a negative meaning:
a waterless desert, jangwa bila maji a treeless plain, nyika
;

isiyo na miti a useless knife, kisu kisicho na faida. Some of these

;

adjectives have an opposite form with -ful: useful, careful, etc.

ness
Although English there are several ways of forming abstract
in
nouns, the most common one is by the suffix ness; cold, coldness;
holy, holiness tired, tiredness, etc. The meaning of any abstract
;

noun of this kind can be found by taking off the ness and looking for
the meaning of the adjective.

Present-day Suffixes
Apart from the prefixes and suffixes just given, and many others
less important, all of which are actually part of the word itself, there
are several loose prefixes much in use nowadays, usually attached to
a word by a hyphen. Some of the commonest are given below,
anti, kinyume cha: anti-aircraft guns, mizinga ya kupigana na
eropleni.
co, pamoja: co-education, mafundisho ya watoto wa kiume na kike
pamoja.
de, kuondoa: de -control, kuondoa mazuizi yaliyoamriwa.
ex, kutoka: ex-minister, waziri aliyetoka.
inter, wao kwa wao interdependence, kutegemeana.
non, not; non-poisonous, si ya sumu.
pre, kabla ya: pre-war, kabla ya vita kuu.
post, baada ya: post-war, baada ya vita kuu.
pro, kupendelea: pro -communist, mwenye kupendelea ukomunisti.
 83

re, tena: re-organize, kuratibisha upya.

sub, chini sub-committee, halmashauri ndogo.
super, kupita kiasi: super-market, duka kubwa mno.
trans, kuvuka: trans- Atlantic, kuvuka Atlantic.
vice, kaimu: Vice-captain, aliye chini ya kapiteni mwenyewe.
unilateral, -a upande mmojs \ bilateral, -apande mbili multilateral,
;

-a pande nyingi.
ABA 85 ACG
A abrasion, chubuko(ma)
abreast, sambamba
aback, kwa nyuma abridge, kufupisha
abandon, kuacha abridgement, mafupisho
abandon hope, kukata tamaa abroad, ugenini; pande zote
abase, kufedhehesha abrogate, kutangua
abashed (be), kufedheheka abrogation, tanguo(ma)
abate, kupungua, kupunguza abrupt, -a haraka
abbey, kanisa(ma) kuu abscess, jipu(ma)
abbreviate, kufupisha abscond, kutoroka
abbreviation, ufupisho(f); mkato absconder, mtoro
abdicate, abdication, kujiuzulu absence, be absent, kutokuwapo
abdomen, tumbo(ma) absentee, asiyekuwapo
abdominal, -a tumbo absent-minded, -sahaulifu
abduct, abduction, kutorosha absolute/ly, kabisa
aberration, upotoe absolution, ghofira
abet, kuendesha kwenye mabaya absolve, kuondoa hatiani
abeyance (be in), kuachwa kwa absorb, kunywa
muda be absorbed in, kushughulika
abhor, kukirihi sana
abhorrence, karaha absorbing, -a kuvuta sana
abhorrent, makuruhi abstain from, kujiepusha na;
abide, i kukaa mahali; 2 kuvu- kujinyima
milia abstemious, -enye kiasi
abide by, kushika abstinence, kujihinisha
abiding, -a kudumu abstract, 1 muhtasari; kutoa;
ability, akili; ustadi 2 -a kuwazika tu
abject, -nyonge be abstracted, kuwamo katika
abjection, unyonge fikira
ablaze (be), kuwaka abstruse, isiyofahamika upesi
able, hodari absurd, -a upuzi
be able, kuweza absurdity, upuzi
abnormal, si kawaida abundance, ujazi; wingi
abnormality, hitilafu abundant/ly, tele
aboard, melini; chomboni abuse, 1 kutumia vibaya; 2 kutu-
abode, maskani; kikao kana; matukano
abolish, kuondoa kabisa abusive, -fidhuli
abolition, ondoleo(ma) abut on, kupakana na
abominable, makuruhi abyss, shimo refu lisilopimika
abomination, chukizo(ma) academic, -a kuhusu elimu ya juu
aboriginal, -a asili accede to, 1 kukubali; 2 kurithi
aborigines, watu wa asili accelerate, kuhimiza
abortion, kuharibu au kuharibika acceleration, ongezo la mwendo
mimba accent, mkazo wa sauti
abortive, -a bure accent/uate, kukaza
abound, kujaa tele accept, kukubali; kupokea
about, j habari za; 2 yapata; acceptable, -a kupendeza
3 kuzunguka acceptance, acceptation, kibali
about to, tayari access, njia ya kufikia
above, juu (ya); zaidi (ya) accessible, -a kufikika
ACC 86 ADJ
accession, urithi wa cheo kikuu acknowledgement, 1 ukiri; 2
accessories, vifaa vya ziada shukrani; 3 cheti cha wasili
accessory, msaidizi katika uha- acme, kipeo
* lifu -a kusaidia acquaint, kujulisha
;

accident, tukio(ma); ajali be acquainted, kujuana

accidentally, kwa nasibu tu acquaintance, 1 ujuzi kidogo;
acclaim, kusherehekea 2 mtu umjuaye
acclamation, vifijo na vigelegele acquiesce, kukubali
be acclimatized, kuzoea tabia acquiescence, ukubali
ya ugenini acquire, kujipatia
accommodating, -enye hisani acquisition, pato(ma)
accommodation, mahali pa ku- acquisitive, -pasi
kaa acquit, kuondoa hatiani
accompaniment, mafuatano acquittal, ondoleo la hatia
accompany, kufuatana na; kusi- acre, eka
ndikiza acrid, -chungu
accomplice, mshirika katika acrimonious, kwa maneno ma-
tendo baya kali
accomplish, kutimiza acrobat, mstadi wa kujisuka kwa
accomplishment, i utimizo; 2 pembea, etc.
kazi ya ustadi across, toka upande mmoja
accord/ance, upatano mpaka upande wa pili
of his own accord, kwa hiari act, 1 kutenda 2 kuigiza hadithi
;

yake act, action, tendo(ma)

accordingly, kwa hiyo active, -epesi
accost, kuendea na kuamkia activity, utendaji
account, 1 hesabu; 2 masimu- actor, actress, mwigaji wa ha-
dizi dithi
account for, kueleza sababu actual/ly, hasa
on account of, kwa sababu ya acute, -kali
on no account, sivyo kabisa adamant, -gumu
be accountable, kupasiwa adapt, kuendekeza
accountant, mtunza hesabu adaptable, rahisi kubadilishwa
accumulate, kuongezeka kwa adaptation, mabadihko
kulimbikwa add, kujumlisha; kuongeza
accumulation, mkusanyo adder, nyoka
accuracy, usahihi addict, mwenye kushindwa na
accurate, sahihi tamaa fulani
accursed, -baya kabisa be addicted to, kuzoelea
accusation, mashtaka addition, nyongeza
accuse, kushtaki address, 1 anwani; kuandika an-
be accused, kushtakiwa wani; 2 hotuba; kuhutubu
accuser, mshtaki adept, mstadi
accustom, kuzoeza adequacy, utoshelevu
be accustomed, kuzoea adequate, -a kutosha
ace, ree; shujaa mkuu adhere, kuambatana; kushika
ache, maumivu; kuuma adhesion, ushikamano
achieve, kufanikiwa; kufaulu adhesive, gundi; -a kunata
achievement, 1 tendo bora; 2 adjacent, -a kupakana
utimizo adjoin, kupakana na
acid, -chungu adjourn, adjournment, kuahi-
acknowledge, 1 kukiri; 2 kuju- risha
hsha wasili adjudicate, kuamua
ADJ 87 AGG
adjudicator, rawamuzi advertise, kueneza sifa
adjure, kuapiza advertisement, tangazo(ma)
adjust, adjustment, kulingani- advice, shauri(ma)
sha; kusawazisha advisable, -a kufaa
administer, kusimamia advise, kutoa shauri
administration, serkali
;
usi- adviser, mshauri
mamizi advocate, mteteaji; kutetea
admirable, -zuri aerial, 1 -a hewani 2 uzi
;
wa redio
admiral, mkuu wa manowari aerodrome, kiwanja cha ero-
admiration, mshangao pieni
admire, kusifu aeronaut, rubani wa eropleni
be admired, kusifiwa aeroplane, eropleni; ndege
admissible, -a kukubalika affable, -kunjufu
admission, i ukiri; 2 ruhusa ya affair, jambo (mambo)
kuingia affect, 1 kugeuza; 2 kujifanya
admit, 1 kukiri; 2 kuingiza affected (be), 1 kugeuzwa; 2 ku-
admittance, ruhusa ya kuingia fanya ushaufu
admixture, mchanganyiko affectation, madaha
admonish, kuonya affection, upendo
admonition, onyo(ma) affectionate, -enye upendo
ado, udhia affidavit, hati ya maneno yaliyo-
adolescence, ubalehe apiwa
adolescent, kijana affiliate, kuingiza katika shirika
adopt (a custom) kupokea na ku- affiliation, ushirika
fuata; (a child) kupokea kama affinity, ujamaa; uvutaji
mwana affirm, kuyakinsha
adoption, upokeaji affirmation, yakini
adorable, -a kupendeza sana afflict, kutesa
adoration (God) ibada; (man) affliction, taabu
heshima na upendo affluence, utajiri
adore (God) kuabudu; (man) affluent, -tajiri
kupenda sana afford, kuwa na fedha au nafasi
adornment, mapambo ya kutosha
upandaji wa miti
adrift (be), kuchukuliwa bila afforestation,
rubani affront, twezo(ma); kutweza
adroit, mahiri afore-, mbele
adulation, sifa za kurairai aforesaid, iliyokwisha tajwa
adult, mtu mzima afraid (be), kuogopa
adulterate, kughoshi aft, nyuma; shetri
adulteration, ughoshi after, baada ya; nyuma ya
adultery, uzinzi afternoon, alasiri
commit adultery, kuzim afterthought, wazo la baadaye
baadaye
advance, kuenda au kuendesha afterwards,
mbele again, tena
advancement, maendeleo against, 1 kupambana na; 2 ku-
advantage, faida pinga; 3 kuegemea
advantageous, -a kuleta faida age, umri; muda mrefu
advent, majilio old age, uzee
adventure, shani aged, 1 -zee 2 umri wa
;

adventurous, -jasiri agency, 1 uwakili 2 kazi

;

adversary, adui; mshindani agent, 1 wakili; 2 kitenda kazi

aggravate, kuudhi; kuongeza
adverse, -a kupinga
adversity, msiba I
ubaya
AGG 88 AM
aggravation, uchokozi ongezo;
all, -ote
>la ubaya not at all, hata kidogo
aggregate, jumla all the better, afadhali sana
aggression, shambilio(ma) allay, kutuliza
aggressive, " a jeuri allegation, allege, kushtaki bila
aggressor, mwenye kuanzisha ushuhuda
matata alley, kichochoro
aggrieved, -enye uchungu alliance, mwungano
aghast (be), kushikwa na fa- alligator, mamba wa Amerika
dhaa allocate, allot, kugawanyia
agile, upesi wa mwendo allocation, mgawo; fungu(ma)
agility, wepesi allotment, mgawo; ngwe
agitate, kutikisa; kufadhaisha allow, kuruhusu
agitation, wasiwasi allowable, halali
agnostic, mwenye shaka allowance, kiasi kilichoruhusiwa
ago, zamani alloy, mchanganyiko wa madini
long ago, zamani sana allude to, kutaja kwa kifupi
agonizing, -a kuumiza mno allure, kuvuta kwa werevu
agony, maumivu makali alluring, -a kuvuta
agree, kupatana allusion, mtajo kwa machache
agree to, kukubali alluvial, -enye asili ya matope ya
agreeable, -a kupendeza mto
agreement, mapatano ally (allies), waliojiunga kwa
agriculture, kilimo; ukulima masharti fulani
aground (be), kupwelewa almanac, kalenda
ahead, mbele almighty, mwenyezi
aid, msaada; kusaidia almond, lozi(ma)
be aided, kusaidiwa almost, karibu
ailment, ugonjwa(ma) alms, sadaka; zaka
aim, shabaha; kupiga shabaha aloft, juu
air, hewa alone, peke yake
airs, madaha along, kwa mbele
airtight, isiyopitisha hewa alongside, mbavuni
ajar, wazi kidogo (door) aloof, mbali
akin, -a jamaa moja aloud, kwa sauti ya kusikika
alacrity, wepesi alphabet, alfabeti
alarm, mshtuko; kamsa; kutia already, kabla ya wakati kwisha ;

hofu also, pia; tena

alarming, -a kutia hofu altar, madhabahu
album, kitabu cha kutilia picha, alter, kubadili
etc. alteration, mabadiliko
alcohol, kileo alternate, siku kwa siku; zamu
ale, pombe kwa zamu, etc.
alert (be), kuwa macho alternative, njia ya pili
alias, jina la pili la kificho although, ingawa; ijapokuwa
alibi, dai la kuwapo mahali pe- altitude, urefu juu ya usawa wa
ngine bahari
alien, mgeni wa nchi au tabia altogether, kabisa
alienate, kufarakisha all together, -ote pamoja
alight, kushuka na kutua aluminium, madini nyepesi nye-
be alight, kuwaka moto upe
alike, -a kufanana always, sikuzote
alive, hai am, ni
AMA 80 ANT
amalgamate, kuungamana anchor, nanga
amalgamation, maungamano ancient, -a kale
amass, kukusanya chunguchungu and, na
amateur, af any aye kazi kwa kuji- anecdote, hekaya
furahisha tu anew, tena; upya
amaze, kushangaza angel, malaika
be amazed, kushangaa anger, hasira; kukasirisha
amazement, mshangao angle, pembe
ambassador, balozi(ma) angler, mvuvi
ambiguity, maneno ya kufaha- angry (be), kukasirika
mika kuwili anguish, huzuni kuu
ambiguous, a kufahamika kuwili animal, mnyama
ambition, nia ya kujiendesha animated, -kunjufu
mbele sana animation, ukunjufu
ambitious, -enye kutaka makuu animosity, chuki
ambulance, motakaa ya kuchu- ankle, kifundo cha mguu
kulia wagonjwa annals, tarehe na habari
ambush, oteo(ma); kuotea njiani annex, annexation, kujitwalia
ameliorate, kupoza annihilate, kuangamiza kabisa
amenable, -sikivu annihilation, maangamizi
amend, kutengeneza ifae zaidi anniversary, ukumbusho wa kila
amendment, matengenezo; ma- mwaka
badilisho I
annotate, kutia maelezo
make amends, kuridhisha announce, kutangaza
amenity, amenities, mapendezi announcement, tangazo(ma)
amiable, -kunjufu annoy, kuudhi
amicable, -enye urafiki annoyance, udhia
amid/st, miongoni mwa annual, -a kila mwaka
amiss (be) , kukosea annuity, fedha ilipwayo kila
amity, urafiki mwaka
ammunition, silaha za vita annul, kutangua
amnesty, masamaha ya walioiasi annulment, tanguo(ma)
I

serkali anoint, kupaka mafuta

among/st, katikati ya; miongoni anomaly, kitu kisichofuata ka-
mwa waida
amorous, -enye ashiki anonymous (anon), bila jina
amount, jumla; kiasi another, -ingine
amount to, kuwa sawa na answer, jibu(ma), jawabu(ma)
ample, -a kutosha answer (a question) kujibu; (a cdU)
amplify, kuongeza kuitika
amputate, amputation, kukata be answerable, kupasiwa
mkono au mguu I ant, siafu chungu, etc.
;

amuse, kuchekesha kufurahisha

;
white ants, mchwa
amusement, furaha antagonism, uadui ushindani
;

amusing, -a kuchekesha antagonist, adui mshindani

;

anaesthetic, dawa ya usingizi antagonize, kufanya adui

analogy, mfano antecedent, jambo lililotangulia
analyse, analysis, kuchanganua antelope, paa
anarchy, maasi ya raia anterior, -a nyuma
anatomy, elimu ya mwili na se- anthem, wimbo wa dini
hemu zake ant-hill, kichuguu
anthology, madondoo ya ma-
ancestor, mkale
shairi, etc.
ancestry, jadi
ANT 90 AJRA
anticipate, appetizing, -a kutamanisha cha-
anticipation, kuta-
zamia mbele kula
antics, matendo ya kuchekesha applaud, kupiga makofi
antidote, dawa ya kupoza nguvu applause, vifijo na makofi
ya sumu apple, tunda la kizungu
antipathy, chuki appliance, chombo cha kufanyia
antiquated, -a kikale kazi
antique, kitu cha zamani applicable, -a kuhusu
antiquity, zamani za kale applicant, mwenye haja
antiseptic, dawa ya kuzuia mi- application, 1 maombi; 2 bidii
krobi apply, 1 kupeleka maombi; 2 ku-
anvil, fuawe jitia kwa bidii; 3 kutia
anxiety, hofu; fadhaa apply to, 1 kupeleka maombi
be anxious, kuhofu kufadhaika
;
kwa; 2 kuhusu
any, -o -ote appoint, kuweka
anybody, anyone, ye yote appointment, 1 mapatano ya
anyhow, vyo vyote kukutana; 2 kazi; cheo
anything, cho chote, etc. apportion, kugawanyia
any time, wakati wo wote apportionment, mgawo
anywhere, po pote appraise, kukadirisha thamani
apace, upesi appraisement, kisio la thamani
apart, mbali appreciable, -a kiasi cha kupi-
apartment, chumba mika
let apartments, kupangisha appreciate, appreciation, ku-
vyumba thamini
apathy, utepetevu apprehend, 1 kufahamu; 2 ku-
ape, nyani hofia; 3 kukamata
aperient, dawa ya kuharis&a be apprehensive, kuhofia
apex, ncha ya juu apprentice, mwanafunzi wa kazi
apiece, kila moja approach, kukaribia
apologize, kuomba radhi be approachable, kufikika; ku-
apology, udhuru ambilika
apostle, mtume(mi) approbation, kibali; sifa
*
apostrophe, alama appropriate, 1 -a kufaa; 2 ku-
appal, kutisha jitwaha
appalling, -a kutisha appropriation, 1 iliyowekwa kwa
apparatus, zana maalum za kazi kazi fulani; 2 tliyotwaliwa
apparel, mavazi approval, kibali
apparent, dhahiri on approval, -a kurejezeka
apparition, mzuka approve, kukubali; kupendezwa
appeal, i maombi; kuomba; na
2 {legal) rufaani; kutaka ru- approximate/ly, karibu sawa-
fani sawa
appear, kutokea; kuonekana approximation, kisio(ma)
appearance, i tokeo(ma); 2 sura apt, -elekevu
appease, kutuliza aptitude, welekevu
appeasement, utulizo aptly, kwa namna ya kufaa
append, kutia mwishoni aquarium, tangi la kuwekea
appendage, nyongeza mwishoni samaki
appendix, 1 nyongeza; 2 sehemu aquatic, -a kuishi majini
ya utumbo Arab, Mwarabu
appertain to, kuhusu Arabia, Arabuni
appetite, tamaa ya chakula Arabic, Kiarabu
ARA 91 ASS
arable, -a kulimika artful, -erevu
arbitrary, isiyofuata kanuni article, 1 kitu; 2 makala; 3 ma-
arbitrate, kuamua sharti
arbitration, uamuzi artifice, 1 ufundi; 2 hila
arbitrator, mwamuzi artificial, -a kuigwa
arc, sehemu ya mzingo artisan, fundi(ma)
arch, tao(ma) artist, mwandishi wa picha
archaeology, uchunguzi wa ma- artistic, -zuri; -sanifu
mbo ya kale as, kama; -vyo; kwa sababu;
archer, mpiga upindi maadamu
architect, mwenye maarifa ya as if, kana kwamba
ujenzi as well, pia
arctic, -a kaskazini sana ascend, ascension, kupanda,
ardent, -enye shauku kupaa
ardour, shauku na bidii ascent, mwinuko
arduous, -a kuchosha ascertain, kupata kujua
are, see be ascetic, mwenye kujinyima anasa
area, eneo(ma) ash, majivu
arena, kiwanja cha michezo ashamed (be), kuona haya
argue, kubishana; kujadiliana aside, kando
argument, mabishano; majadi ask, kuuliza
liano ask for, kuomba
arid, kame askew, benibeni
arise (arose, arisen) kuinuka asleep (be), kulala
kutokea aspect, sura; elekeo(ma)
arithmetic, elimu ya hesabu aspiration, taraja; shauku
ark, safina; kasha(ma) I
aspire to, kutarajia; kuonea
arm, mkono shauku
armistice, mapatano ya amani y ass, punda
muda assail, kushambulia
armour, deraya kifuniko cha
;
I assassin, mwuaji kwa hila
chuma assassinate, assassination, ku-
arms, armament, zana za vita ua kwa hila
army, jeshi(ma) assault, shambulio(ma)
aroma, harufu nzuri assemble, kukusanya ;
kukusa-
arose, see arise nyika
around, kuzunguka assembly, mkutano
arouse, kuamsha assent, idhini; kukubali
arrange, kupanga; kutengeneza assert, kukaza ukweli
arrangement, mpango; mate- assertion, maneno yanayodai
ngenezo ukweli
array, i mpango; 2 mavazi ya assess, kupima kadiri
fahari assessment, kadiri ipasayo
arrears, kazi au fedha iliyo- assets, mali aliyo nayo mtu
kawia assign, kugawia
arrest, 1 kusimamisha; 2 kutia assignment, kazi apyopewa mtu
nguvuni assist, kusaidia
arrival, arrive, kufika assistance, msaada
arrogant, -a kutakabari assistant, maaidizi
arrow, mshale associate, mwenzi; kushirikiana
arson, kuchoma moto kusudi association, jumuia; chama
assortment, vitu vya aina nyingi
I

art, sanaa, hasa ya picha

artery, mshipa mkubwa wa damu assuage, kutuliza I
ASS Q2 AWO
assume, i kudhani; 2 kujitwalia audible, -a kusikika
assumption, dhana audience, watu waliokuja kusi-
assurance, hakika; matumaini kiliza
assure, kuondoa shaka audit, mkaguo; kukagua hesabu
asterisk, alama * auditor, mkaguzi wa hesabu
astonish, kushangaza aught, cho chote
be astonished, kushangaa augment, kuongeza
astonishing, -a ajabu augmentation, nyongeza
astonishment, mghangao aunt, mama mdogo; shangazi
astray (go), kupotea austere, bila anasa
astrology, unajimu austerity, ukosefu wa anasa
astronomy, elimu ya nyota authentic, -a kweii
astute, -erevu authenticate, kuthibitisha
asunder, mbali mbali; vipande author, mtungaji
vipande authority, 1 mamlaka; mwenye
asylum, mahali pa salama amri; 2 mjuzi wa habari fulani
at, penye authorize, kuruhusu
atheist, mkana Mungu be authorized, kuruhusiwa
atmosphere, hewa autobiography, maisha ya mtu-
atone, kufanya upatanisho ngaji mwenyewe
atonement, upatanisho automatic, -a kujiendesha
atrocious, -ovu kabisa automatically, kama mashine
atrocity, ukatili automobile, motakaa
attach, kufunga pamoja Autumn, Septemba; Oktoba;
be attached to, ku^mbatana na; Novemba
kupenda auxiliary, -a kusaidia
attachment, kifungo: upendano avail, faida; kufaa
attack, mashambulio; kushgimbu- be available, kupatikana
lia avarice, ubahili
attain, attainment, kufikia; ku- avaritious, -bahili
pata avenge, kulipiza kisasi
attainable, -a kufikika; -a kupa- avenue, njia yenye miti
tikana average, wastani
attempt, kujaribu averse to (be), kutopenda
attend, kuhudhuria aversion, machukio
attend to, kuangalia avert, kukinga
attendance, hudhurio(ma) aviation, usafiri wa hewani
attendant, mwangalizi aviator, rubani wa eropleni
attention, uangalifu avoid, kuepuka
pay attention, kuangalia, be avoidable, -a kuepukika
attentive, -angalivu: -sikivu await, kungojea
attest, kushuhudia awake (awoke), kuamka
attic, chumba cha juu be awake, kuwa macho
attire, mavazi award, tuzo; kutuza
attitude, hali ya moyo au mwili aware (be), kufahamu
attract, kuvuta away, mahali pengine
attraction, mvuto awe, kicho
attractive, -a kupendeza awful, -baya sana
attribute, sifa; kuhesabia awfully, sana
auction, mnada; kunadi awhile, kwa muda mfupi
auctioneer, mnadi awkward, -enye matata
audacious, -jasiri awning, tandiko la kukinga jua
audacity, u jasiri awoke, see awake
 )

AWR 93 BAT
awry, pogo banishment, uhamisho
axe, shoka(ma) banjo, gambusi
axis {of earth mhimili bank, 1 fungu la mchanga;
axle, chuma cha katikati ya ukingo(k) 2 benki ya fedha
;

magurudumu be bankrupt, kufilisika

banner, benders(ma)
B banns, tangazo la ndoa
banquet, karamu
baboon, nyani(raa) baobab, mbuyu
baby, mtoto mchanga baptism, ubatizo
bachelor, mtu asiyeoa baptize, kubatiza
back, mgongo; upande wa nyuma bar, 1 pingo(ma); kupinga; 2 baa
backbite, kuchongea ya hoteli
backbone, uti wa mgongo barbarian, mshenzi
back/wards, nyuma barbarous, -katili
backward, bado kuendelea vema barber, kinyozi
bacon, nyama ya nguruwe bard, mshairi
bad, -baya; -bovu bare, -tupu
go bad, kuoza barefaced, bila haya
bade, see bid barely, kwa shida
badge, alama ya kujulisha skuli, bargain, 1 mapatano; 2 pato la

etc. bahati; 3 kupigania bei

badly, vibaya barge, tishari(ma)
baffle, kutatiza; kuzuia barge in, kujiingiza bila adabu
baffling,-gumu bark, 1 gome la mti 2 kubweka
;

bag, mfuko barley, shayiri

baggage, mizigo barn, banda(ma)
bail, dhamana barometer, kipima-hewa
bairn, mtoto barracks, nyumba za askari
bait,chambo; kutia chambo barrel, pipa(ma)
bake, kuoka barren {land) kame; {animals)
baker, mwokaji tasa
balance, mizani; usawa; kusa- barricade, boma(ma)
wazisha barrier, mgogoro
balcony, baraza ya juu barrister, wakili wa sheria
bald, -enye upara barter, kubadilishana bidhaa
bale, robota(ma); mtumba base, 1 tako(ma); upande wa
ball, mpira; donge(ma) chini; 2 -baya; -nyonge
ballad, utenzi baseless, bila ushahidi
ballet, uigaji wa hadithi kwa bashful, -enye haya
dansi basic, -a msingi
ballot, kura basin, bakuli
bamboo, mwanzi basis, msingi
ban, katazo(ma); kukataza bask, kuota jua
banana {plant) mgomba; basket, kikapu
{fruit)
ndizi bass, sauti nene ya kiume
band, i utepe; 2 kundi(ma); bat, 1 popo; 2 kibao cha kuche-
zea mpira
3 ngoma
bandage, kitambaa cha kufungia batch, vitu vingi vya namna moja
dawa bath, chombo cha kuogea
bandit, haramia(ma) bathe, kuoga; kuogesha
bang, mshindo battle, pigano(ma); vita
banish, kuhamisha battleship, manowari
BAY 94 BES
bay, ghuba beginning, mwanzo
at bay, kukabili adui begrudge, kuhusudu
keep at bay, kukinga beguile, kuvuta kwa werevu
stand at bay, kukita behalf of (on), kwa ajili ya
bazaar, madukani behave, kutenda; kujiweka
be, kuwa, see page y well-behaved, mwenye adabu
beach, pwani; ufukoni behaviour, mwenendo; mazoea
beacon, moto wa kujulisha habari behead, kukata kichwa
beads, ushanga beheld, see behold
beak, mdomo wa ndege behind, nyuma (ya)
beam, i boriti(ma); 2 mwali wa be behindhand, kuchelewa
nuru behold (beheld) kutazama
beans, maharagwe, kunde, etc. be beholden to, kuonea shukrani
bear, dubu behove, kupasa
bear (bore, born/e) 1 kuchukua; being, kuwako
2 kuvumilia; 3 kuzaa human being, kiumbe; bina-
bear in mind, kukumbuka damu
bearable, -a kuvumilika belief, imani
beard, ndevu believe, kuamini kusadiki
;

bearer, mchukuzi be believable, kusadikika

beast, mnyama belittle, kudunisha
beat(beat, beaten) kupiga; ku- bell, kengele; njuga
shinda bellows, mivuo
be beaten, kupigwa; kushindwa belly,tumbo(ma)
beautiful, -zuri belong to, kuwa mali yake
beautify, kufanya -zuri where belongs, mahali pake
it
beauty, uzuri belongings, vitu alivyo navyo
became, become
see mtu
because, kwa sababu beloved, mpenzi
beckon, kupungia mkono below, chini (ya)
become (became, become) 1 belt, ukanda(k)
kuwa; 2 kufaa bench, ubao wa kukalia
becoming, -a kupendeza -a kufaa
;
bend (bent), kupinda
bed, 1 kitanda; 2 ngwe ya bustani beneath, chini ya
bedclothes, bedding, matandiko benediction, baraka
bee, nyuki benefaction, fadhili
bee-hive, mzinga beneficial, -enye manufaa
bee-line, njia moja kwa moja benefit, faida
beef, nyama ya ng’ombe benevolence, ukarimu
been, see be benevolent, -karimu
beer, pombe be bent, kupindika
beeswax, nta be bent on, kutaka sana
beetle, dundu, mende, etc. bequeath, kuusia; kuachia
befit, be befitting, kuagia; kufaa bequest, usia(ma); urithi
before, kabla (ya); mbele (ya) bereaved (be), kufiwa
as before, kama kwanza berry, tunda dogo kama forsadi
beforehand, mbele berth, 1 kituo cha meli gatini;
befriend, kufadhili 2 kitanda melini au garini
beg, kuomba beseech (besought), kusihi
began, see begin beside, kando ya; zaidi ya
beggar, mwombaji besides, tena; zaidi
begin (began, begun) kuanza; besiege, kuhusuru
kuanzisha besought see beseech
 )

BES 95 BLO
bespeak (bespoke, bespoken) biscuit, biskuti
kuagiza mbele bisect, kukata katika sehemu
best, bora kabisa mbili sawasawa
bestow on, kukirimia bishop, askofu(ma)
bet, kubahatisha fedha bit, 1 see bite; 2 kipande
betimes, raapema bit by bit, kidogo kidogo
betray, kusaliti; kudhihirisha bite (bit, bitten) kuuma
betrayal, usaliti bitter, -chungu
betroth, kufunga uchumba bitterness, uchungu
betrothal, uchumba black, -eusi; -a giza
better, -zuri zaidi black art, ulozi
be better, afadhali blackboard, ubao wa skuli
get better, kupata nafuu blackguard, ayari
between, kati ya blackmail, mlungula; kulungula
beverage, kinywaji blacksmith, mhunzi
beware, kujihadhari bladder, kibofu; ( football mpira
bewilder, kutia wasiwasi blade (grass) jani(ma); (knife)
be bewildered, kuona wasi- ubapa(b)
wasi blame, lawama(ma); kulaumu
bewilderment, wasiwasi be to blame, kuwa na hatia
bewitch, kuloga blameless, bila hatia
beyond, kupita blank, -tupu; pasipo mwandiko
bias, upendeleo; maelekeo blanket, blanketi(ma)
Bible, Biblia; Msahafu Mtaka- blaspheme, kukufuru
tifu blasphemy, ukufuru
bicycle, baiskeli blast, mshindo wa upepo; ku-
bid (bade, bidden), kuamuru pasua kwa baruti
bid farewell, kuaga blaze, ndimi za moto kuwaka ;

bid (bid, bid) kuzabuni mnadani sana

biennial, kila mwaka wa pili bleach, kufanya nyeupe
bier, jeneza bleak, -a ukiwa
big,-kubwa bleat, kulia kama kondoo
bigamy, .kuoa mke wa pili ki- bleed (bled) kutoka damu
nyume cha sheria blemish, ila
bigoted, -shupavu blend, kuchanganya; kupatana
bile, nyongo bless, kubariki
bilharzia, kichocho be blessed, kubarikiwa
bill, i mdomo wa ndege 2 hesabu blessing, baraka
;

ya fedha 3 sheria mpya

;
blew, see blow
billow, wimbi(ma) blight, kuvu; koga
bin, 1 sanduku kubwa au pipa; blind, -pofu
2 mwana wa blind man, kipofu
bind (bound) kufunga; kujalidi blindfold, kufunika macho
vitabu blindness, upofu
binding, 1 kitu kifungacho; ja- blink, kupepesa macho
lada 2 -a lazima
;
bliss, furaha kamili
biography, masimulizi ya maisha blister, lengelenge(ma)
ya mtu blizzard, tufani ya theluji
biology, elimu ya viumbe block, pande(ma) kuziba njia
;

bird, ndege; nyuni blockade, mazingiwa; kuhusuru

birth, uzazi blood, damu
birthday, ukumbusho wa siku ya bloodshed, uuaji
uzazi bloodthirsty, -katili
BLO 96 BRA
bloom, blossom, ua(ma); kutoa booking-office, mahali pa kunu-
maua nua tikiti
blot, blotch, waa(ma); kutia boom, 1 ngurumo; kunguruma;
mawaa 2 usitawi wa ghafula
blow (blew, blotto) {wind) ku- boot, kiatu kirefu
vuma; {mouth) kupuliza bootlace, kigwe cha kufungia
blow, dharuba; pigo(ma) viatu
blubber, mafuta ya nyangumi booty, mateka; nyara
blue, buluu; samawati border, mpaka; ukingo(k)
blunder, kosa(ma) kuchafua kwa border on, kupakana na
;

ujinga bore, 1 see bear; 2 kutoboa; ku-

blunt, butu bungua; 3 kuchosha
blurred (be), kutoonekana vema boredom, uchovu
blurt out, kupaya born (be), kuzaliwa
blush, rangi nyekundu; kugeuka borne (be), kuvumilika
rangi borough, mji mkubwa
boar, nguruwe dume borrow, kuazima; kukopa
board, ubao(mb) borrower, mkopi
on board, melini bosom, kifua
board and lodging, chakula na bosom friend, msiri
malazi botany, elimu ya mimea
boast, majivuno; kujivuna both, vyote viwili
boat, chombo; meli bother, matata; kusumbua; ku-
bode, kubashiri sumbuka
body, i mwili; 2 kundi(ma) bottle, chupa
bodyguard, askari wafuasi bottcm, upande wa chini
bog, bwawa(ma) bough, tawi(ma)
boggy, -a kutopea bought, see buy
boil, 1 jipu(ma); 2 kuchemka; boulder, mwamba
kuchemsha bounce, kumka kama mpira
boiler, chombo cha kupikia maji bound, 1 see bind; 2 mruko;
boisterous, -a nguvu kumka
bold, -jasiri be bound for, kuendea
make bold to, kuthubutu be bound to, kulazimika
boldly, kwa u jasiri be bounded by, kupakana na
bolster up, kuimarisha boundary, bounds, mipaka
bolt, 1 komeo(ma): kukomea; bountiful/ly, tele
2kukimbia kasi bounty, ukarimu
bomb, kombora(ma); kupigia bouquet, shada la maua
makombora bow, kuinama; kuinamia kichwa
bombardment, shambulio la bow, 1 upindi; 2 gubeti; 3 fundo
mizinga la utepe
bend, kifungo bowels, matumbo
bondage, utumwa bowl, bakuli; kufingirisha
bone, mfupa; {fish) mwiba box, sanduku(ma); kupiganangu-
bonfire, moto wa sherehe mi
bonnet, kofia box ears, kupiga kofi
bonus, ziada boxing, mchezo wa ngumi
book, kitabu boy, mtoto wa kiume
bookcase, mbao za kuwekea boyhood, utoto
vitabu bracelet, kikuku
book-keeping, ukarani wa hesa- bracing, -a kuburudisha
bu bracket, kiango; kiweko ukutani
BRA 97 BUF
brackets, vifungo bright, -enye kung'aa; -enye
brag, kujigamba akili; -changamfu
braid, utepe brighten, kutakata; kutakasa;
braille, chapa cha vitabu vya kuchangamsha
vipofu brightness, mng’aro
brain, ubongo; akili brilliant, -a kung'aa sana; -enye
brainless, -pumbavu akili nyingi
brake, kizuizi cha gari brim, ukingo(k)
bran, wishwa brimming over, kifurifuri
branch, tawi(ma) brine, maji ya chumvi
brand, aina; chapa bring(brought) kuleta
brand new, kipya kabisa bring to a stop, kukomesha
brandy, namna ya mvinyo bring up, kulea
brass, shaba nyeupe brink, ukingo(k)
brassiere, sidiria on the brink of, karibu sana
brave, hodari brisk, -epesi
bravery, ushujaa British, -a Kiingereza
brawl, kugombana kwa kelele brittle, -epesi kuvunjika
brazen, i -a shaba nyeupe; broad, -pana
2 -kavu wa macho broadcast, kueneza kotekote
breach, pengo(ma) katika boma; brocade, zari
kuvunja broaden, kupanua
bread, mkate broke, see break
breadth, upana be broken, kuvunjika
break (broke, broken) kuvunja broken-hearted, -enye huzuni
break news, kufunulia habari kuu
mbaya bronze, shaba nyeusi
breakdown, uangamizi; kikomo brooch, bizimu
breakfast, kifungua-kinywa brood, makinda; kuotamia; ku-
breast, kifua; maziwa shika tama
breath, pumzi brook, kijito
breathe, kuvuta pumzi broom, ufagio(f)
be breathless, kutwetatweta brother, kaka; ndugu
breed, aina; mbegu; kuzaa; brother-in-law, shemeji
kuzahsha brought, see bring
breeze, upepo brow, paji la uso; ukingo wa
brethren, ndugu mlima
brevity, ufupi browbeat, kupambanya
brew, kupika pombe brown, rangi ya kunde
brewer, mfanya pombe bruise, chubuko(ma); kuchubua
brewery, mahali pa kupika pombe brush, burashi; kupangusa
bribe, rushwa; kutoa rushwa brush up, kujikumbusha masomo
bribery, upenyezi brutal, -katili
brick, tofah(ma) brutality, ukatili
bricklayer, mwashi brute, hayawani
bride, bibi arusi bubble, povu kutoa povu ;

bridegroom, bwana arusi buck, paa dume

bridge, i daraja(ma); 2 mchezo bucket, ndoo
wa karata buckle, bizimu
bridle, hatamu bud, tumba(ma); kuchanua
brief, -fupi budget, taarifa ya gharama
briefly, kwa maneno machache buffalo, nyati
brigand, haramia(ma) buffet, meza ya kuandalia chakula
BUG 98 CAM
bug, kunguni bustle, kutaharuki
bugle, tarumbeta be busy, kushughulika
bugler, mpiga tarumbeta busybody, mpekuzi
build (built) kujenga but, lakini; ila
builder, mjengaji butcher, mwuza nyama
building, jengo(ma) butter, siagi
bulb, i shina kama kitunguu butterfly, kipepeo
2 kioo cha taa ya stimu buttocks, matako
bulge, kubenuka; kuvimba; mbe- button, kifungo; kufunga
nuko; uvimbe buttress, nguzo ya kuegemeza
bulk, ukubwa; sehemu kubwa buy (bought), kununua
bulky, -kubwa buyer, mnunuzi
bull, ng'ombe dume buzz, kung’ong'a
bullet, risasi by, na; kwa; karibu na
bulletin, tangazo fupi bystander, mwenye kuwapo
bullock, ng’ombe maksai
kudhulumu
bully, mjeuri; C
bulwark, boma(ma); mbavu za
meli cabin, kijumba melini
bump, pigo(ma); kugonga cabinet, i mawaziri wa halma-
bumptious, -a kiburi shauri kuu 2 kabati ndogo
;

bun, mkate mtamu cable, amari; simu ya baharini

bunch (fruit) kichala; ( flowers cactus, mpungate, etc.
shada cadet, mwanafunzi wa jeshi
bundle, bunda(ma) cadge, kulondea
bungalow, nyumba isiyo na orofa caf£, mkahawa
bungle, kuboronga kazi cage, tundu(ma); kizimba
bunk, kitanda melini au garini cajole, kubembeleza
buoy, boya(ma) cake, 1 mkate mtamu; 2 kipande
buoyant, -epesi cha sabuni 3 kugandamana
;

burden, mzigo calabash, buyu(ma)

burdensome, -zito calamity, maafa
bureau, afisi calculate, kuhesabu; kufikiri
burglar, mwizi calculation, hesabu; fikara
burgle, burglary, kuiba calendar, kalenda
burial, maziko calf (calves) 1 ndama; 2 shavu la
burn, kuwaka; kuungua; kuu- mguu
nguza call, kuita
be burnt, kuungua be called, kuitwa
burrow, kishimo cha mnyama; call for, 1 kuhitaji; 2 kuja kuchu-
kufukua kua
burst, kupasuka ghafula call on, kwenda kuamkia
burst in, kujivurumisha ndani call together, kukusanya
burst out, kutoka kwa nguvu call to mind, kukumbuka
bury, kuzika calling, wito
bus, basi(ma) callous, -gumu
bush, kichaka; mti mfupi callously, bila huruma
bushy, -enye nywele nyingi calm, shwari; utulivu; kutuliza
busily, kwa bidii calmly, bila wasiwasi
business, shughuli; kazi calumny, masingizio
busy, -enye kazi nyingi calve, kuzaa ndama
bust, kifua; sanamu ya kichwa na came, see come
kifua tu camel, ngamia
CAM 99 CAS
camera, kamera caravan, 1 gari la kukaliwa;
in camera, faraghani 2 msafara
camouflage, kudanganya macho carcass, mzoga
camp, kambi kupiga kambi
;
card, cardboard, karatasi nene;
campaign, matendo yenye ku- kadi
sudi fulani cards, karata
can (could), kuweza; kuruhusiwa care, hadhari; uangalifu
can, canister, kopo(ma); mkebe take care of, kutunza kuangalia
;

canal, mfereji career, 1 maisha na kazi; 2 ku-

cancel, kufuta; kutangua enda mbio
cancellation, mfuto; mtanguo careful, -angalifu
candid, -nyofu careless, -zembe
candidate, mtaka kazi au cheo carelessly, bila uangalifu
fulani carelessness, uzembe
candle, mshumaa caress, kukumbatia kwa upendo
candlestick, kinara cha mshumaa caretaker, mwangalizi
candour, unyofu cargo, shehena
candy, tamutamu caricature, picha ya mtu ya ku-
cane, henzirani; fimbo chekesha
cane sugar, sukari ya miwa carnage, mauaji
canine, -a mbwa carnal, -a mwilini
cannibal, mtu alaye nyama ya carnival, sherehe
binadamu carnivorous, -a kula nyama
cannon, mzinga carol, wimbo wa furaha
cannot, can’t, see can carpenter, sermala(ma)
canoe, mtumbwi; ngalawa carpentry, usermala
canon, i kanuni 2 cheo cha kasisi carpet, zulia(ma)
;

canopy, tandiko(ma) juu ya kiti carriage, gari(ma); behewa(ma);

cha heshima uchukuzi
cantata, utenzi wa kuimbwa carrier, mchukuzi
canteen, mezani carry, kuchukua
canvas, kitambaa cha hema carry on, kuendelea
canvass, kuomba watu wasaidie carry out, kufikiliza
jambo fulani cart, gari la kukokotwa
cap, kofia; kifuniko carton, kibweta cha karatasi nene
capability, ufarisi cartoon, picha ya kuchekesha
capable, farisi cartridge, risasi
capacious, -enye nafasi nyingi carve, kuchora; kutia nakshi
ndani carving, mchoro; nakshi
2 kasha,
capacity, 1 ujazo; 2 nafasi; 3 akili case, 1 jambo; kesi;
cape, 1 rasi; 2 vazi la mabegani bweta, etc.
capital, 1 herufi kubwa; 2 mji in case, ikiwa
mkuu 3 rasilmali 4 bora
; ;
cash, fedha taslimu kubadili kwa
;

capitulate, capitulation, ku- fedha

cashbook, daftari ya fedha
omba masharti ya amani
capricious, -geugeu cashier, karani wa fedha
capsize, kupinduka juu chini cask, pipa(ma)
captain, kapiteni(ma); nahodha cassava, muhogo
captivate, kuvuta moyo casserole, chungu chenye ki-
captive, mateka; mfungwa funiko
captivity, utumwa; kifungo cast, 1 kutupa; 2 jamii ya waigaji
capture, kukamata be cast down, kuona majonzi
car, motakaa capt lots, kupiga kura
CAS 100 CHA
castaway, mpwelewa; maskini cellar, ghala ya chini
castigate, kuadhibu ;kulaumu cement, udongo ulaya; simenti
sana cemetery, makaburini
castle, ngome cense, kuvukiza
<&stor-oil, mafuta ya mbarika censer, chetezo
castrate, kuhasi censor, mkaguzi wa vitabu nk
castrated, maksai censorious, -epesi wa kulaumu
casual, i -a bahati; -a mara kwa censure, lawama
mara; 2 -zembe census, hesabu ya watu wa nchi
casualty, tukio baya; mtu ali- cent, senti
yeumia au kufa centenarian, mwenye umri wa
cat, paka miaka mia
catalogue, orodha centenary, ukumbusho wa miaka
catapult, manati mia
cataract, 1 poromoko la maji; centipede, tandu
2 ugonjwa wa macho central, -a kati
catarrh, mafua centre, palipo katikati hasa
catastrophe, msiba mkuu century, karne
catch (caught) kukamata; ku- cereal, nafaka
daka ceremonial, ceremony, ibada au
catch cold, kushikwa na mafua sherehe ya heshima
catch fire, kushika moto ceremonious, -a heshima
category, aina; jamii certain, 1 hakika; 2 baadhi ya;
caterpillar, mtoto wa kipepeo 3 fulani
cathedral, kanisa(ma) kuu make certain, kuhakikisha
catholic, katoliko certainly, bila shaka
cattle, mifugo certainty, hakika
caught, see catch certificate, cheti cha sahihi
be caught, kukamatwa certify, kutia sahihi
cauldron, sufuria kubwa cessation, ukomo
cause, 1 sababu; 2 kufanyiza chafe, 1 kuchubua; 2 kuudhi
causeless, bila sababu chaff, 1 wishwa; 2 utani; kutania
caustic, -kali; -a kuunguza chain, mnyororo; mkufu
cauterize, kuunguza chair, kiti
caution, 1 hadhari; uangalifu; chairman, mwenye-kiti
2 onyo(ma); kuonya chalk, chaki
cautious, -enye hadhari challenge, kutaka thibitisho-
cavalry, askari farasi chamber, chumba
cave, cavern, pango(ma) chameleon, kinyonga
cave in, kubomoka champion, mshinda wote
cavil, kutoridhika chance, nafasi; bahati; kubaha-
cavity, shimo(ma); mvungu tisha
cease, kukoma; kutulia chancellor (
University) mkuru-
ceaseless, bila kukoma genzi
ceiling, upande wa juu wa chumba change, kubadili; kugeuza
celebrate, kushangilia changeable, -a kigeugeu
celebrated, mashuhuri be changed, kubadilika; ku-
celebration, maadhimisho geuka
celebrity, mtu maarufu channel, mfereji
celerity, wepesi chant, kuimba
celestial, -a mbinguni chaos, machafuko makubwa
celibacy, kutokuoa chaotic, fujofujo
cell, kijumba; asili ya viumbe hai chapel, kikanisa
 ,

CHA 101 G1R

chaplain, padre wa hospitali, chickenpox, tetewanga
shule, jeshi, etc. chief, mkuu; -kuu
chapter, sura ya kitabu chiefly, hasa; zaidi
char, kuunguza child (children) mtoto; mwana
character, tabia childbirth, uzazi
characteristic, sifa ya tabia childish, -a kitoto
be characteristic, kupatana na childless, bila mtoto
tabia chill, homa ya baridi
charcoal, makaa ya miti chilly, -a baridi
charge, i kuagiza; maagizo; chimes, mlio wa kengele
2 kushtaki; mashtaka; 3 ku- chimney, bomba la kutoa moshi
gharimisha; gharama; 4 sha- chin, kidevu
mbulio(ma); kushambulia chink, ufa mwembamba
be in charge of, kuwa mwangi- chip, kibanzi
lizi chirp, kulia kama ndege
charitable, -enye hisani chivalrous, -enye jamala
charity, upendo; hisani chivalry, utu bora
charm, 1 hirizi; 2 uzuri chock-full, pomoni
charming, -a kupendeza chocolate, chokolade
chart, ramani choice, hiari
charter, 1 mkataba; 2 kukodisha choir, jamii ya waimbaji
(
eropleni etc.) choke, kukaba au kukabwa roho
chase, kukimbiza; kuwinda choose (chose, chosen) kucha-
chasm, ufa mkubwa gua
chaste, safi chop, kutema
chastise, kuadhibu; kupiga chopper, mundu
chastity, ubikira; usafi choral, -a kuimbwa
chat, kuzungumza chorus, wimbo ulioimbwa wote
chatter, kupayapaya pamoja
chatterbox, mwenye maneno me- chose, see choose
ngi be chosen, kuchaguliwa
chauffeur, dreva wa motakaa Christ, Kristo
cheap, rahisi christen, kubatiza
cheat, mjanja; kupunja Christian, Mkristo; -a kikristo
check, 1 kuzuia; 2 kusahihisha; Christmas, Krismas
3 mirabaraba chronic, -a kusedeka
cheek, 1 shavu la uso; 2 ukosefu chronicle, habari na tarehe
wa adabu chuckle, kuchekelea
cheeky, -kosefu wa adabu chunk, kipande kinene
cheer, kuchangamsha; kushangi- church, kanisa(ma)
lia churlish, bila adabu
cheer up, kuchangamka churn, mashine ya kusukia mazi-
cheerful, -kunjufu wa; kusukasuka
cheerless, bila furaha cigar, sigara
cheers, vifijo cigarette, sigareti
cheese, jibini cinders, makaa mafu
chemist, mwuza dawa cinema, sinema
cheque, cheki ya benki cipher, mwandiko wa fumbo
chequered, -enye mirabaraba circle, duara
cherish, kutunza circuit, mzunguko
chest, 1 kifua; 2 kasha(ma) circuitous, -a kuzunguka
chew, kutafuna circular, 1 -a duara; 2 tangazo-
chicken, kifaranga; kuku (ma)
cm 102 COB
circulate, kuzunguka; kuzu- clemency, huruma
ngusha clench, kukaza
circulation, i mzunguko; 2 ue- clergy, wahudumu wa Kanisa
nezi clerk, karani(ma)
cfrcumcision, tohara clever, -enye akili
circumcize, kutahiri click, mwaliko; kualika, kualisha
circumference, mzingo client, mtu afanyiwaye kazi
circumspectly, kwa hadhara cliff, jabali(ma)
circumstance, jambo(mambo); climate, tabia ya nchi
tukio(ma) climax, kipeo; kikomo
circumstances, hali manzili
;
climb, kupanda; kukwea
circumvent, kupinga kwa werevu cling to, kushikamana na
cistern, tangi(ma) clip, kibano; kubana; kukatakata
citizen, raia cloak, kifuniko; kusetiri
citizenship, uraia clock, saa ya mezani
city, mji mkubwa clod, bumba(ma)
civic, -a kuhusu mji clog, kuziba; kuzuia
civil, 1 -enye adabu 2 -a kiraia
; close, kufunga; kufumba
civilian, raia asiye askari close, karibu Sana
civilized, -staarabu clot, kuganda
clad, kuvikwa cloth, kitambaa; nguo
claim, kudai; kujidai; madai clothe, kuvika
claimant, mdai clothes, mavazi; nguo
clamour, makelele cloud, wingu(ma)
clan, ukoo cloud over, kutanda
clandestine, -a hila cloudless, biia mawingu
clap, kupiga makofi cloven, tliyopasuka
clarification, ubayana cloven hoof, kwato mbili
clarify, kubainisha cloves, karafuu
clash, kugongana kwa mshindo; clown, mpumbavu; mcheshi
kukosana club, 1 rungu(ma) 2 kilabu ;

clasp, kifungo; kufumbata cluck, mwito wa kuku kwa watoto

class, darasa(ma); aina wake
classics, maandiko maarufu clue, kidokezi
classification, mpango wa aina clumsy, -zito; si stadi
classify, kuainisha cluster, shada; kundi dogo
clatter, kishindo clutch, 1 mtambo wa motakaa;
clause, fungu la maneno; sharti- 2 kushikilia
(ma) co-, pamoja
claw, kucha(ma) Co., Company
clay, towe coach, 1 basi kubwa 2 mwalimu
;

clean, safi; kusafisha kufundisha

cleanliness, usafi coagulate, kuganda
cleanse, kusafisha coal, makaa ya mawe
clear, -angavu; dhahiri coal-mine, shimo la makaa
be clear, kuelea; kutakata coalesce, kuungamana
keep clear, kusimama mbali coalition, mwungamano
clear away, kuondoa coarse, -a kukwaruza
clearance, ondoleo(ma) coast, pwani
clearing, mahali palipofyekwa coastal, -a pwani
clearly, kwa dhahiri coat, 1 koti; 2 mpako; kupaka
cleave (cleft) kupasua cob (maize) gunzi(ma)
cleft, ufa(ny) cobbler, mshona viatu
 ;

COB 103 COM

cobra, nyoka; fira coma, usingizi mzito nusura kufa
cobweb, utando wa buibui comb, kitana; chanuo; kuchana
cock, jogoo(ma) combat, shindano(ma)
cockroach, mende combatant, mshindani
cocktail, mvinyo na divai combination, mchanganyiko
cocoa, kakao combine, kuungana
coconut {tree) mnazi; {nut) nazi; combustible, -a kushika moto
dafu(ma) combustion, mwako
code, i mpango wa sheria; come (came), kuja; kufika
2 mwandiko wa fumbo come across, kukuta
coerce, kushurutisha come by, kupata kwa bahati
coercion, shurutisho(ma) come down, kushuka
coffee {bush) mbuni {berries) buni
;
come in, kuingia; “Karibu!"
{drink) kahawa come to pass, kutokea
coffin, sanduku la maiti comedian, mcheshi
cogitate, kufikirifikiri comedy, hadithi ya kuchekesha
cognate, -a jamii moja comet, nyota yenye mkia
cogwheel, gurudumu lenye meno comfort, faraja; kufariji
cohere, kushikamana comfortable, -enye raha
coherence, cohesion, ushika- comfortless, bila raha
mano comic,, -a kuchekesha; gazeti la

coil, pindi; kupiga pindi watoto

coin, sarafu coming, majilio; kifiko
coincide, kuwa sawa kwa wakati comma, kituo (vi)
au mahali command, amri; kuamuru
coincidence, usawa wa bahati commandeer, kutwaa kwa la-

cold, baridi; mafua zima

get cold, kupoa commander, mwenye amri
catch cold, kushikwa na mafua commandment, amri
commemorate, kufanya uku-
collaborate, kushirikiana katika
kazi mbusho
collapse, kuanguka; kukunja- commemoration, ukumb isho-
mana (ma)
collapsible, -a kukunjwa commence, kuanza
collar, ukosi(k) commencement, mwanzo
collarbone, mtulinga commend, kusifu
collate, kulinganisha commendable, -a kusifiwa
colleague, mwenzi commendation, sifa
collect, kukusanya; kuchanga comment, maneno machache juu
collection, kusanyiko(ma) mcha- ;
ya habari fulani
commentary, uf afanuzi masi-
ngo ;

collectively, -ote pamoja mulizi ya redio

college, koleji commentator, msimulizi wa ha-
collide, kugongana bari
colliery, machimbo ya makaa commerce, biashara
commercial, -akuhusu biashara
colloquial, -a maongezi tu
commission, 1 agizo(ma); 2 wa-
collusion, mapatano ya hila
colonial, -a kikoloni jumbe; 3 ushuru
colonist, setla(ma) commit, kutenda
colony, koloni(ma) commit to, kuaminisha
commit oneself, kuweka ahadi
colour, rangi
column, i nguzo; 2 mpango wa committee, halmashauri
safusafu commodious, -enye nafasi
 COM 104 CON
commodity, kifaa; bidhaa competitor, mshindani
common, i -a kawaida; -a compile, kukusanya na kupanga
wote; 2 duni complacent, -enye uradhi; -ki-
commonly, kwa^kawaida naifu
commonplace, neno la sikuzote complain, kunung’unika
common-sense, busara complaint, 1 nung'uniko(ma);
commonwealth, ushirika wa ma- 2 ugonjwa
taifa complement, kitimizo
commotion, ghasia complementary, -a kutimiza
communal, -a kutumiwa na complete, kutimiza; -timilifu
wakaaji wote completely, kabisa
communicate, kupelekeana ha- completion, utimilifu; mwisho
bari; kushiriki complex, -a kutatanisha
communication, habari ; upele- complexion, sura; rangi ya uso
keaji wa habari complexity, matatizo; mwungo
communications, wa sehemu nyingi
njia za kusa-
firi
compliance, ukubali
communion, ushirika complicated, -enye hoja nyingi;
communism, njia ya utawala -enye matata
katika Russia complication, ongezo la matata
community, jamii ya watu wa- compliment, sifa; kusifu
kaao pamoja complimentary, -a heshima
compact, i maagano; 2 -a ku- compliments, salamu
kazwa pamoja ’
comply, kukubali
companion, mwenzi component, sehemu maalum ya
my companions, wenzangu kitu
companionship, urafiki comportment, mwenendo
company, kundi la watu; ka- compose, kutunga; kubuni
mpuni(ma) be composed of, kufrnywa kwa
comparable, -a kufanana composite, -enye sehemu nyingi
comparatively, kwa kulinganisha composition, mtungo; mchanga-
compare, kulinganisha, kufana- nyiko
nisha compound, 1 mchanganyiko
beyond compare, haina kifani kuchanganya; 2 kiwanja
comparison, mfano; ulinganyifu comprehend, kufahamu
compartment, kijumba; behewa- comprehensible, -a maana
(ma) comprehension, ufahamu
compass, dira comprehensive, -enye mambo
compasses, bikari mengi
compassion, huruma compress, kugandamiza
compassionate, -enye huruma comprise, kuwa na
compatibility, ulinganifu comprising, -enye
compatible, -a kupatana compromise, 1 kuridhiana; 2
compatriots, watu wa nchi moja kutia shaka
compel, kushurutisha compulsion, mashurutisho
compensate, kusawazisha; ku- compulsory, -a lazima
fidia
compunction, majuto
compensation, fidia; uradhi computer, mashine ya kuhesabu
compete, kupimana ubingwa; upesi
kushindana comrade, mwenzi(w)
competent, -enye akili ya kutosha conceal, kuficha
competition, mashindano concealment, maficho
competitive, -a kushindaniwa concede, kukubali
 ;

CON 106 CON

conceit, kiburi confederation, ushirika
conceited, -enye kiburi confer with, kushauriana
conceive, i kufahamu; 2 kuchu- conference, halmashauri
kua mimba confess, kuungama; kukiri
concentrate,concentration, 1 confession, maungamo; ukiri
kukusanya mahali pamoja; 2 confidant, msiri
kuongeza uzito na nguvu; confide in, kuambia kwa siri
5 kukaza fikira confidence, imani
conception, 1 mtungo wa mimba; confident, -enye imani
2 ufahamu confidential, -a siri
concern, 1 shughuli; 2 shaka confine, kufungia
be concerned, kupasiwa; ku- confinement, 1 kifungo; 2 uzazi
hangaika confirm, kuthibitisha
concert, tafrija ya muziki; tarabu confirmation, 1 uthibitisho; 2
concerted, kwa umoja Kipa Imara
concession, ukubali confiscate, confiscation, ku-
conciliate, kuridhisha mtwalia mtu mali yake
conciliation, upatanisho conflagration, moto mkubwa
conciliatory, -a kutuliza conflict, mapigano
concise, -fupi conflict with, kutopatana
conclude, 1, kumaliza; 2 kutana- conflicting, -enye tofauti
bahi conform with, kufuata
conclusion, mwisho neno mkataa conformation, umbo(ma)
;

concoct, kubuni; kuchanganya conformity, usawa

concoction, ubuni; mchanga- in conformity with, kwa ku-
nyiko fuata
concord, upatano confront, kukabili; kukabilisha
concourse, mkutano confuse, confound, kuchafua;
concrete, j -a kuonekana na kutatanisha
kugusika; 2 saruji confusion, machafuko; wasiwasi
concur, 1 kutokea sawia 2 kuku- confute, kukanusha
;

bali congeal, kuganda

concurrence, 1 matokeo ya congenial, -a kupendeza
sawia; 2 ukubali congestion, msongamano
concurrently, kwa wakati mmoja congratulate, kupongeza
condemn, kulaumu; kuhukumu congratulations, pongezi
condemnation, lawama hukumu congregate, kukusanyika
;

condensation, mabadiliko ya congregation, congress, kusa-

mvuke kuwa maji nyiko(ma)
condense, kupunguza ukubwa; conjecture, dhana; kudhani tu
kufupisha conjunction, mwungano
condescend, condescension, ku- in conjunction with, pamoja na
jinyenyekea conjuring, kiinimacho
condition, 1 hali; 2 sharti(ma) connect, kuunga
conditional, -enye masharti be connected, kuungana; ku-
conditionally, kwa masharti husiana
connection, kiungo uhusiano
condole with, kuhani ;

condolence, “Poleni!” jamaa

condone, kuachilia; kusamehe connive, connivance, kutozuia
conduct, mwenendo; kuongoza conquer, kushinda
conductor, kiongozi conqueror, mshindi
confectionery, vyakula vitamn conquest, ushindi
confederate, mwenye shanri moja conscience, dhamiri
 CON 100 CON
conscientious, -aminifu consult, kushauri
conscious, -enye fahamu consultation, shauri(ma)
conscription, kuandika askari consume, kula; kutumia
kwa lazima consumer, mnunuzi
c6nsecrate, consecration, ku- consumption, 1 ulaji; utumizi;
weka wakf 2 kifua kikuu
consecutive, -a kufuatana contact, kugusana; kukutana
consent, idhini; ruhusa; kuku- contagious, -a kuambukiza
bali; kuruhusu contain, kuwa na ( ndani )
consequence, jarabo litokealo contain oneself, kujizuia
kwa sababu fulani contaminate, kutia uchafu
consequently, kwa sababu hiyo contemplate, kutafakari; kuku-
conserve, conservation, kuhi- sudia
fadhi contemplation, fikira
consider, kufikiri contemporary, 1 -a wakati
considerable, -ingi kidogo mmoja; 2 -a siku hizi
considerate, -enye kufikiri we- contempt, dharau
ngine contemptible, -nyonge
consideration, i uangalifu 2 hoja contemptuous, -enye kiburi
;

consign, kupeleka content/ment, uradhi

consignment, vitu vilivyopele- be content, kuridhika
kwa contention, 1 kisa; 2 ugomvi
consist of, kuwa na contents, yaliyomo
consistency, uthabiti; uzito ‘continent, kontinenti(ma)
consistent/ly, bila kigeugeu continual, -a kila mara
consolation, faraja continually, sikuzote
console, kufariji continuation, mfulizo
consolidate, kuimarisha continue, kuendelea
conspectus, maelezo kwa ufupi continuous, bila kukoma
conspicuous, -a kuonekana sana contorted (be), kupotoka
conspiracy, mapatano ya hila contour, umbo(ma)
conspirator, mwenye shauri la contract, 1 kufupika; 2 mkataba;
hila kuafikiana
conspire, kufanyana shauri baya contraction, kifupisho
constable, polisi(ma) contradict, kukanusha
constancy, uthabiti contradiction, ukanusho; ubishi
constant, 1 thabiti 2 -a kila mara
; contradictory, -a kinyume
constantly, kila mara contrary, kinyume
constellation, jamii ya nyota on the contrary, bali
consternation, fadhaa contrast, tofauti; kupambanua
constipation, kufunga choo contravene, kuhalifu
constituent, sehemu moja ya contribute, kutoa fedha au msa-
mchanganyiko ada
constitute, kufanya contribution, kitu kilichotolewa;
constitution, 1 sheria ya serkali; habari zilizopelekwa kwa gazeti
2 hali ya mwili contrite, -enye toba
constrain, kulazimisha contrition, toba
constraint, nguvu; uzuizi contrivance, kipande cha ku-
construct, kufanyiza; kuunda fanyia kazi fulani
construction, uunzi(ma); mate- contrive, kuvumbua njia
ngenezo control, kutawala; kuzuia
constructive, -a kufaa controversial, -a kuleta mabi-
consul, balozi(ma) shano
CON 107 cou
controversy, mabishano corn, 1 nafaka; 2 sugu
convalescence, be convales- corner, pembe
cent, kutononoka baada ya cornet, tarumbeta
ugonjwa coronation, kutiwa taji
convenient, -a kufaa corporal, -a kuhusu mwili; cheo
convent, nyumba ya watawa cha askari
conventional, -a kawaida corpse, maiti
converge, kukaribiana correct, sahihi; kusahihisha
conversation, mazungumzo correction, matengenezo
converse, i -a kinyume; 2 kuzu- correspond, 1 kufanana; 2 kua-
ngumza ndikiana
conversely, kwa kinyume correspondence, 1 ulinganifu;
conversion, mbadiliko; wongofu 2 barua
convert, mwongofu kubadili ku-
; ;
corridor, njia nyembamba
ongoa corroborate, kuthibitisha
convertible, -a kuweza kubadi- corrupt, -bovu; -ovu; kupotoa
lika corruption, ubovu; upotovu
convey, kuchukua; kupeleka cosmetics, uzuri wa wanawake,
conveyance, uchukuzi; gari(ma) poda, etc.
convict, 1 mfungwa; kutia hati- cost, bei; gharama
ani; 2 kusadikisha costly, -a thamani
conviction, 1 hukumu; 2 wazo costume, mavazi
thabiti cot, kitanda cha mtoto
convince, kusadikisha cottage, nyumba ndogo
convincing, -a kusadikisha cotton, pamba
convoke, kualika cotton-wool, pamba ya dawa
convoy, kufuatana sanjari cough, kifua; kukohoa
convulsion, 1 kifafa; 2 msuko- could, see can
suko council, baraza; halmashauri
cook, mpishi; kupika councillor, diwani(ma)
cookery, upishi counsel, shauri(ma)
cool, -a baridi counsellor, mshauri
coop, kizimba count, kuhesabu
coop up, kuzuia; kufungia count on, kutumainia
co-operate, kusaidiana countenance, uso(ny)
co-operation, ushirika; ujima; counter, meza ya dukani
bia counter-, kwa kinyume
co-operative, -a kusaidiana counteract, kubatilisha
cope with, kuweza; kufaulu counteraction, pingamizi(ma)
copious, tele counter-attraction, jambo la
copper, shaba kuvuta upande mwingine
copra, mbata counterbalance, kusawazisha
copse, kichaka counterfeit, -a kuiga na kuda-
copulate, kujamii nganya
copy, nakala; mwigo; kunakili; counterfoil, ushahidi
wa staka-
kuiga badhi
coral, marijani countermand, kutangua amri
Coran, Kurani countersign, kuthibitisha kwa
cord, kamba; ugwe sahihi ya pili
cordial, -teremeshi countless, bila idadi
core, kiini countrified, -a kimashamba
cork, kizibo; kuziba country, 1 nchi; 2 mashambani
corkscrew, kizibuo county, jimbo(ma)
cou 108 CRU
couple, jozi; vitu viwili; kuunga creditor, mdai
pamoja creed, imani
coupon, cheti creek, ghuba ndogo
courage, ushujaar:,. creep (crept) kutambaa
cdurageous, -jasiri cremate, cremation, kuunguza
course, mwenendo; mfulizo maiti
of course, naam; bila shaka crescent, sura ya mwezi mwa-
in due course, kwa wakati wake ndamo
in the course of, katika crest, 1 kishungi; 2 kilele cha
court, i ua(ny); 2 nyumba ya mlima
mfalme; 3 korti; 4 kuposa crestfallen (be), kushushwa moyo
courteous, -enye adabu crevice, ufa(ny)
courtesy, jamala crew, mabaharia
courtship, uchumba cried, see cry
cousin, mtoto wa ndugu wa baba crime, uhalifu wa sheria
au mama criminal, mhalifu
covenant, agano(ma) crimson, rangi ya damu
cover, kifuniko; kufunika cringe, kunywea
covet, kutamani cripple, kiwete
covetous, -enye choyo crisis, kipeo
cow, ng’ombe criterion, kanuni
coward, mwoga critic, mpima uzuri
cow'ardice, woga criticism, 1 upimaji; 2 lawama
crab, kaa ya pwani 1
criticize, 1 kupima uzuri; 2 ku-
crack, kualika; kupasuka; ufa- laumu
(ny) croak, kulia kama chura
crackle, kutatarika crockery, vyombo vya udongo
cradle, kitanda cha mtoto mdogo crocodile, mamba
craft, 1 ufundi; 2 hila crooked, -a kupotoka
craftsman, fundi crops, mavuno
crafty, -erevu cross, msalaba; kuvuka: -enye
crag, mwamba uliochongoka chuki
cram, kushindilia cross-examine, kuhojihoji
cramp, mpindano wa mshipa cross-roads, njia panda
crane, 1 winchi; 2 korongo(ma) crossing, kivuko
crash, kuanguka kwa kishindo crosswise, -a kukingama
crate, sanduku la mbao crouch, kujinyata
crater, shimo la volkeno crow, kunguru; kuwika
craving, iichu crowbar, mtaimbo
crawl, kutambaa crowd, makutano; kusongana
crayon, kalamu ya rangi crown, taji kutia taji
;

crazy, -enye kichaa crucifix, msalaba

creak, kukwaruza crucify, crucifixion, kusulibi-
cream, maziwa ya mtindi sha
crease, finyo(ma); kufinya cruel, -katili
create, creation, kuumba cruelty, ukatili
Creator, Muumba cruet, kichupa
creature, kiumbe cruise, kusafiri kwa meli; ku-
credentials, barua za ushahidi vinjari
credible, -a kusadikika crumb, kombo(ma)
credit, sifa njema; kusadiki crumble, kufikicha
on credit, kukopesha crumple, kukunjakunja
creditable, -a kusifiwa crunch, kuchakacha
 ; ) ;

CRU 109 DEA

crusade, pigano juu ya uovu cutlery, visu, nyuma, etc., vya
crush, msongano; kusukumana; mezani
kuponda cuttlefish, pweza
crust, ganda la mkate cycle, 1 utaratibu wa mam bo
cry, mlio; kulia unaorudiarudia; 2 baisikeli
crystal, jiwe kama kioo cyclist, mpanda baisikeli
cub, mtoto wa simba cyclone, kimbunga
cucumber, tango(ma)
cud, cheu D
chew the cud, kucheua
cuddle, kukumbatia mtoto dagger, jambia
cull, kuteua daily, kila siku
culmination, upeo dainty, -zuri; -chaguzi
culpable, -enye hatia dairy, duka la maziwa
culprit, mwenye kukosa dally, kupoteza wakati
cultivate, kulima dam, boma la kuzuia maji
cultivation, kilimo damage, hasara; kutia hasara
culture, uungwana damn, kulaumu; kulaani
cultured, -staarabu damp, unyevu; chepechepe
cunning, werevu dance, dansi kucheza ngoma
;

cup, kikombe danger, hatari

cupboard, kabati(ma) dangerous, -a hatari
curable, -a kuponyeka dangle, kuning’inia; kuning'iniza
curator, mwangalizi dare, kuthubutu
curb, kizuizi; kuzuia daring, -jasiri
cure, kuponya; dawa dark, giza; -eusi
curio, kitu cha shani darling, mpenzi
curiosity, i kitu cha shani; darn, kutililia uzi
2 udadisi dart out, dash out, kutoka
curious, -a ajabu ghafula
currant, zabibu kavu date, tarehe
currency, fedha ya nchi out of date, -a kikale
current, i mkondo wa maji; 2 -a up to date, -a kisasa
siku hizi date ( tree mtende; {fruit) tende
curry, bizari daughter, binti
curse, laana; kulaani daunt, kutia hofu
cursory, -a juujuu dauntless, -shupavu
curt, -a haraka; -fupi dawdle, kutangatanga
curtail, kufupisha dawn, daybreak, mapambazuko
curtain, pazia(ma) kupambazuka
curve, pindi; tao day, siku
curved, -a tao all day, mchana kutwa
cushion, takia(ma) day after tomorrow, kesho
custard, kastadi kutwa
custard - apple, topetope(ma) daytime, mchana
stafeli(ma) dazed (be), kupumbaa
custodian, mlinzi dazzle, kutia kiwi
custody, ulinzi; kifungo deacon, shemasi(ma)
custom, desturi dead person, mfu
customary, -a kawaida deaf person, kiziwi
customer, mnunuzi deafen, kushinda masikio
customs, ushuru wa fordhani deal (dealt), kugawa
cut, kukata a good deal, wingi
DEA 110 DEL
deal with, kushughulika na deeply, sana
dealer, mchuuzi deer, mnyama kama kulungu
dear, i -penzi; 2 ghali deface, kuumbua
dearth, ukosefu defamation, masengenyo
death, kifo; mauti defamatory, -enye kuvunja sifa
debar, kukataza defame, kusengenya
debase, kushusha default, kukosa kufanya
debased, -dhilifu defeat, ushinde; kushinda
debate, jadiliano(ma); kujadili- be defeated, kushindwa
ana defect, ila
debris, kifusi defective, -enye ila
debt, deni defence, 1 ulinzi; 2 mateteo
debtor, mdeni defend, 1 kulinda; 2 kutetea
decade, miaka kumi defendant, mshtakiwa
decadent, -a kupooza defer, kuahirisha
decay, kuoza; kuchakaa defer to, kunyenyekea
decease, kifo; kufa defiance, ukaidi
the deceased, marehemu defiant, -kaidi
deceit, deception, udanganyifu deficiency, upungufu
deceitful, -enye hila deficient, -pungufu
deceive, kudanganya deficit, kipunguo
decency, adabu defile, 1 mwanya mwembamba;
decent, -zuri kupita mmoja mmoja; 2 kunajisi
deceptive, -danganyifu 'defilement, unajisi
decide, 1 kuamua; 2 kukusudia define, kubainisha
decimal, sehemu za kumi; desi- definite, dhahiri
mali definition, ubainisho
decipher, kufumbua maandik© ya deflect, kugeuza upande
fumbo deflower, kubikiri
decision, 1 maamuzi; 2 niathabiti deformed (be), kulemaa
decisive, -a kukata shauri deformity, kilema
deck, sitaha; kupamba defraud, kupunja
declaration, tangazo(ma) deft, -epesi
declare, 1 kutangaza; 2 kusema defy, kutaka shari
kwa nguvu degenerate, kurudia hali mbaya
declension, mshuko degeneration, uharibifu wa tabia
decline, 1 kukataa; 2 kupungua degradation, aibu
decompose, kuoza degrade, kushusha; kuaibisha
decorate, kupamba degree, cheo cha elimu; kadiri
decoration, pambo(ma); nishani by degrees, kidogo kidogo
decoy, kutega kwa hila dejected, -enye moyo mzito
decrease, upunguo; kupungua dejection, huzuni
decree, amri; kuamuru delay, kukawia; kukawisha
decrepit things ) -kuukuu ( people )
( ;
delectable, -a kupendeza
-kongwe delegate, naibu(ma)
dedicate, dedication, kuweka delegation, ujumbe
wakf delete, kufuta
deduce, kutambua maana deletion, mfuto
deduct, kukata sehemu deliberate, kwakusudi; kushauri-
deduction, 1 utambuzi; 2 mkato ana
deed, tendo(ma) deliberation, mashauri
deep, -enye kina kirefu delicacy, 1 chakula kitamu 2 ma- ;

deep water, kilindi kini

DEL 111 DES
delicate, -a kudhurika upesi depose, i kuuzulu; 2 kutoa ushu-
delicious, -tamu huda
delight, furaha; kufurahisha deposit, amana; kuweka
delight in, kufurahia deposition, ushuhuda
be delighted, kufurahi depot, bohari(ma)
delightful, -a kupendeza deprave, kupotosha
delinquency, upotofu be depraved, fisadi
delinquent, mkosaji depravity, ufisadi
delirious (be), kuweweseka deprecate, kujutia
deliver, kutoa; kuokoa depreciate, kupungua thamani
deliverance, wokovu depreciation, upunguo wa tha-
delude, kudanganya mani
deluge, gharika; kugharikisha depredation, uharibifu
delusion, udanganyifu depress kuinamisha
demand, kudai depressing, -a kuondoa furaha
demands, matakwa; madai depression, kushuka moyo, bei,
be in demand, kutakwa sana etc.
demarcate, kuweka mipaka deprivation, uhitaji
demarcation, mipaka deprive, kunyima
demented (be), kurukwa na depth, kina
akili deputation, ujumbe
democracy, utawala wa raia depute, kuweka naibu
demolish, demolition, kubomoa deputize, kuwa naibu
demon, pepo mbaya deputy, naibu(ma)
demonstrate, kuonyesha wazi deride, kudhihaki
demonstration, onyesho(ma) derision, dhihaka
demoralization, upotoe derivation, asili
demoralize, kupotoa derive, kupata
demoralizing, -a kuharibu tabia be derived from, kutokana na
den, pango la mnyama derogatory, -a kuvunja heshima
denial, mkano descend, kutelemka
denomination, aina; madhehebu descendant, mzao
denote, kumaanisha descent, mtelemko; jadi
denounce, kulaumu; kushtaki describe, kuwasifu
dense, -zito description, mabainisho namna ;

density, uzito desert, 1 jangwa(ma); 2 kutoroka

dent, kibonyeo; kubonyeza deserter, mtoro
be dented, kubonyea deserve, kustahili
dental, -a meno deserving, -a kustahili mema
dentist, daktari wa meno design, kielelezo; maazimio
denunciation, lawama; mashtaka designing, -erevu
deny, kukana desirable, -a ki^tamanika
depart, kuondoka desire, shauku; kutamani
the departed, marehemu desirous, -enye shauku
department, idara desist, kuacha kufanya
departure, ondokeo(ma) desk, meza; deski
depend on, kutegemea desolate, -a ukiwa; kufanya uki-
dependable, -a kutumainiwa wa
deplorable, -a kusikitikiwa desolation, ukiwa
deplore, kusikitikia despair, kukata tamaa
deport, kuhamisha desperate, bila tumaini lo lote
deportation, uhamisho desperation, kufa moyo
deportment, mwenendo despicable, -a kulaumiwa
DES 112 DIS
despise, kudharau dialect,matamko ya lugha
despondent, -enye moyo mzito dialogue, mazungumzo
despot, mtawala peke yake diamond, almasi
despotic, -enye amri peke yake diarrhoea, tumbo la kuhara
destination, kikomo cha safari diary, habari za kila siku
destiny, ajali dictate, kuandikisha
destitute, fukara dictate to, kutoa amri
destitution, ufukara dictation, imla; amri
destruction, maangamizi dictator, mwenye amri peke
destructive, -haribifu yake
detach, kutenga; kubandua dictionary, kamusi
detachment, kujitenga; kikosi did, see do
details, habari moja moja die, kufa
detain, kuzuia die away, kufifia
detect, kugundua; kuona diet, ulaji
detection, upelelezi differ, be different, kuhitilafiana
detective, askari kanzu mpelelezi
;
difference, tofauti
detention, kifungo differentiate, kutofautisha
deter, kuzuia difficult, -gumu
deteriorate, deterioration, ku- dig (dug), kuchimba
potewa na uzuri digest, digestion, kuyeyusha
determination, nia thabiti chakula mwilini
determine, kukaza nia digestible, -a kutulia tumboni
deterrent, kitisho dignified, makini
detest, kuchukia sana dignity, heshima
detestable, -a kuchukiza dilapidated, -bovu
detract from, kupunguza dilatory, -vivu
detraction, uchongezi diligence, bidii
detriment, hasara diligent, -enye bidii
detrimental, -a kudhuru dilute, kuzimua
devastation, ukame dim, -a utusitusi
devastate, kuharibu kabisa dimension, ukubwa; kipimo
develop, kuendelea mbele; kusi- diminish, kupunguza
tawisha diminutive, -dogo sana
development, maendeleo din, makelele
deviate, kuenda upande dingy, bila ung'aro
deviation, kipengee dining-room, mezani
device, kitenda-kazi; shauri dinner, chakula kikuu cha siku
Devil, Ibilisi dip, kuchovya
devise, kuvumbua njia direct, kuagiza; kuelekeza; moja
devoid of, pasipo kwa moja
devote oneself, kujitoa direction, upande
be devoted to, kupenda sana directions, maagizo
1

devotion, upendo directly sasa hivi

,

devour, kunyafua director, mwongozi; mkuu

devout, -tawa dirt, uchafu
dew, umande dirty, -chafu
dexterity, ustadi For dis see note on page 82
dhow, jahazi(ma) dis-, kinyume cha
diabolical, -ovu kabisa disability, upungufu wa nguvu
diagnose, diagnosis, kuyaki- disabled, -enye kilema
nisha ugonjwa disadvantage, uzuizi
diagram, picha ya kueleleza disaffected, -enye uchungu
DIS 113 DIS
disagree, disagreement, kuto- discretion, busara
patana discriminate, kupambanua
disagreeable, -enye chuki discrimination, utambuzi
disappear, disappearance, ku- discuss, kuzungumzia habari
toweka discussion, mazungumzo
disappoint, kukatisha tumaini disdain, dharau; kudharau
be disappointed, kukosa yali- disdainful, -dharaulifu
yotumainiwa disease, ugonjwa
disappointment, masikitiko disembark, kushuka melini
disapproval, disapprove, kuto- disengaged (be), kuwa na nafasi
ridhia disfigure, kuumbua
disarm, disarmament, kuondoa disfigurement, ila
silaha za vita disgrace, aibu; kuaibisha
disarrange, kufuja disgraceful, -baya sana
disaster, baa(ma); msiba disguise, mavazi ya kujigeuza;
disastrous, -enye hasara kuficha
disband, kuchangua disgust, karaha; kukirihi
discard, kutupa dish, sahani
discern, kutambua dish up, kupakua
discernment, utambuzi dishearten, kuvunja moyo
discharge, i usaha; 2 ruhusa; dishonest, -danganyifu
kuondoa kazini; 3 kufyatua dishonourable, -a aibu
bunduki disinclination, be disinclined,
disciple, mwanafunzi kutotaka
discipline, nidhamu disinfectant, dawa ya kuzuia ua-
disclaim, kukana mbukizo
disclose, kufunua disinterested, bila upendeleo
discloslire, ufunuo disk, ubapa mfano wa sahani
discomfit, kufadhaisha dislike, machukio; kuchukia
discomfiture, fadhaa dislocate, kushtua
discomfort, taabu disloyal, si aminifu
disconnect, kutenga dismal, -a kukosa furaha
disconsolate, -enye masikitiko dismay, fadhaa; kufadhaisha
discontent, be discontented, dismiss, kuruhusu
kutoridhika disobedience, ukaidi
discontinuance, ukomo disobey, kuasi
discontinue, kuacha disorder, fujo(ma)
discord, ugomvi disorganize, kuvunja taratibu
discordant, -a kutopatana disparage, kuvunja heshima
discount, kipunguzi; kusadiki disparity, tofauti
kwa nusu tu dispatch, waraka; kupeleka
discourage, discouragement, dispel, kutawanya
kuvunja moyo dispensary, nyumba ya dawa
discourse, mazungumzo; hotuba dispensation, maongozi; idhini
discourteous, -a kukosa heshima dispense, kutoa dawa
discover, kuvumbua dispense with, kutohitaji
discovery, jambo jipya; uvu- disperse, kutawanya; kutawa-
mbuzi nyika
discredit, 1 aibu; kuaibisha; displace, kuondoa mahali pake
2 kutosadiki displaced person msikwao
( )

discreditable, -a aibu display, kuonyesha wazi

discreet, -enye busara displease, kutia uchungu
discrepancy, tofauti displeasure, uchungu
DIS 114 DOV
dispose of, kuondoa diverse, mbalimbali
be disposed to, kukubali diversion, 1 kipengee; 2 tafrija
disposition, tabia^mpango diversity, namna mbalimbali
disproportionate, -a kadiri isi- divert, kugeuza upande
yofaa divide, kugawa
disprove, kubainisha uongo divination, uaguzi
dispute, ugomvi; kubishana divine, 1 -a Mungu; 2 kuagua
disqualification, ondoleo la haki diviner, mwaguzi
disqualify, kuondoa haki divinity, elimu ya Mungu
disregard, kutojali division, mgawo
disrepute, sifa mbaya divorce, talaka; kuvunja ndoa
disrespectful, -tovu wa heshima divulge, kufunua
disruption, mvunjiko dizziness, kizunguzungu
dissatisfied (be), kutoridhika dizzy, -enye kizunguzungu
dissect, kukata vipande-vipande do (did, done) kufanya, kutenda
dissension, faraka doings, matendo
dissent, kukataa dock, 1 (ship) gudi; 2 (court)
dissimilar, si sawa kizimba; 3 kupunguza
dissipate, kutapanya doctor (Dr.) tabibu(ma); dakta-
dissipation, be dissipated, ku- ri(ma)
fuata anasa za dunia doctrine, mafundisho ya dini
dissolve, kuyeyuka, kuyeyusha; document, hati
kuvunja dodge, kuepa
dissuade, dissuasion, kujaribu dog, mbwa
kuzuia doll, mtoto wa bandia
distance, umbali; mwendo domestic, -a nyumbani
distant, mbali domesticate, kufuga
distasteful, -a kuchukiza dominant, -kuu
distended (be), kuvimba dominate, kushinda
distinct, i dhahiri; 2 mbalimbali domination, utawala
distinction, 1 heshima; 2 tofauti domineering, -jeuri
distinguish, kupambanua dominion, mamlaka
distinguished, -tukufu donation, kipaji; sadaka
distort, kupotoa done, see do
distortion, kombo(ma) be done, kuisha; kumalizika
distract, kuvuta mawazo pengine donkey, punda
distraction, mvuto donor, mtoa
distress, huzuni; dhiki; kuhu- doom, ajali
zunisha door, mlango
distribute, kueneza dope, bangi, afyuni, etc.
distribution, maenezi dormant, -enye hali ya kulala
district, mtaa; wilaya dormitory, bweni
distrust, kutoamini dose, kipimo cha dawa
distrustful, -enye shaka dot, nukta
disturb, kusumbua be dotted about, kutapakaa
disturbance, ghasia; fujo(ma) double, marudufu; kurudufya;
disused (be), kutotumika kukunja
ditch, mfereji doubt, shaka; kushuku
ditto (do) vile vile doubtful, si hakika; -enye shaka
divan, namna ya kitanda doubtless, bila shaka
dive, kupiga mbizi dough, unga uliotiwa chachu na
diverge, kuachana maji
divergence, tofauti dove, njiwa; hua
DOW 115 EAR
downwards, chini drunkard, mlevi
doze, kusinzia drunkenness, ulevi
dozen, vitu kumi na viwili dry, -kavu; kukausha
drag, kukokota dubious, -enye shaka
dragon, joka la hadithi duck, bata(ma); kutumbukiza
drain, mfereji; kuondoa maji majini
drama, uigaji wa
hadithi due, ada; haki
dramatist, mtunga hadithi ya be due, kutazamiwa wakati fu-
kuigizwa lani
drank, see drink due to, kwa sababu ya
draper, mwuza nguo dug, see dig
draw (drew, drawn) i kuko- dull, -zito; -a utusitusi
kota; 2 kuandika picha; j dumb, bubu
kuteka maji; 4 kwenda sare dunce, mjinga
draw near, kukaribia dung, mavi; samadi
draw together, kukaribiana dungeon, gereza chini ya ngome
draw up, kuratibu 2 kusimama duplicate, nakili; kunakili
1 ;

drawback, kizuio duplicity, unafiki

drawer, mtoto wa meza durable, -a kudumu sana
drawing, picha duration, muda
drawl, kutambaza maneno during, wakati wa
dread, hofu; kuogopa dusk, giza la jioni
dreadful, -baya sana dust, vumbi; kupangusa
dream, ndoto; kuota dustbin, pipa la kutia taka
dreary, pasipo furaha duster, kitambaa cha kupangusia
dredge, kuzoa matope chini ya dusty, -enye vumbi
maji duty, 1 wajibu; 2 ushuru
dregs, mashudu dutiful, -sikivu
drench, kulowesha dwarf, kibeti; mbilikimo
dress, gauni; kuvalia dwell (dwelt) kukaa
dressmaker, mshona nguo dwelling, makao
drew, see draw dwindle, kupungua
drift, kuchukuliwa ovyo dye, rangi; kutia rangi
drink (drank, drunk) kunywa dynamite, baruti ya kupasulia
drip, kudondoka mwamba
dripping, 1 mtiririko wa maji; dynamo, mashine ya kufanyia
2 mafuta ya nyama stimu
drive (drove, driven) kuendesha dynasty, nasaba ya mfalme
drive away, kufukuza dysentery, kuhara damu
driver, dereva
drizzle, manyunyu; kunyunya E
droop, kufifia
drop, tone(ma); kuanguka each, kila moja
dross, takataka each other, wao kwa wao -ana ;

drought, ukosefu wa mvua eager, -enye bidii

drove, see drive eagerly, kwa moyo
drown, kufa maji eagerness, bidii
drowsy, -enye kusinzia eagle, tai
drudgery, kazi ya kuchosha ear {head) sikio(ma); [corn) suke-
drug, dawa (ma)
drum, ngoma early, mapema
drunk, see drink earmark, kutengua kwa kazi
be drunk, kulewa fulani
EAR 116 EMB
earn, kuchuma kwa kazi eggshell, ganda la yai
earnest, -enye moyo ego, nafsi
earnings, uchumu egoism, huba ya nafsi
ear-ring, pete ya sikio Egypt, Misri
earshot, mfiko wa sauti eight, nane
earth, dunia; ardhi eighteen, kumi na nane
earthenware, vyombo vya udo- eighty, themanini
ngo either, au; ama
earthly, -a kidunia eject, kutoa kwa nguvu
earthquake, tetemeko la nchi elaborate, -enye matengenezo
ease, raha mengi
easily, kwa urahisi elapse, kupita
east, mashariki elastic, ugwe wa mpira; -a ku-
easy, rahisi nyumbuka
Easter, Pasaka elbow, kiko cha mkono
eat (ate, eaten) kula elder, mzee
be eatable, eaten, kulika, ku- elect, kuchagua kwa kura
liwa election, mchaguo
eatables, vyakula electric, -a stimu
eaves, upenu electrician, fundi wa stimu
eavesdrop, kudukiza electricity, stimu
eavesdropper, mdukizi elegant, -a jamala
ebb, kupwa ^element, kitu cha asili
ebb tide, maji kupwa elementary, -a mwanzo
ebony, mpingo elephant, tembo; ndovu
eccentric, -a namna ya peke yake elevate, kuinua
ecclesiastical, -a kanisa elevation, mwinuko upandisho
;

echo, mwangwi wa cheo

eclipse,kupatwa mwezi au jua eleven, edashara; kumi na moja
economical, -wekevu; -a kupu- eligible, -a kustahili
nguza gharama eliminate, kuondoa
economics, elimu ya mapato na elongate, kuongeza urefu
matumizi ya fedha elope, kutoroka
economize, kupunguza gharama eloquence, ufasaha; usemaji
edge, ukingo(k); upindo(p) else, -ingine; zaidi
edible, -a kuliwa elsewhere, pengine
edict, amri elucidate, kufafanua
edify, kuadilisha elucidation, ufafanuzi
edifying, -enye mfano mwema elude, kuepuka; kupitia
edit, kutengeneza tayari kupigwa elusive, -a kuponyoka
chapa emaciated, -enye kukonda sana
editor, mtengenezaji emancipate, kuweka huru
educate, kuelimisha emancipation, uhuru
education, mafunzo embargo, makatazo
effect, tokeo(ma) embark, kupakia melini
effective, efficacious, -a kufaa embarrass, kutahayarisha
effervesce, kutoa povu embarrassment, haya
efficiency, uwezo embassy, jumba la balozi
efficient, -enye uwezo embellish, kupamba
effort, juhudi embers, makaa ya moto
make an effort, kujitahidi embezzle, kuiba fedha ulizoka-
e.g., kwa mfano bidhiwa
egg, yai(ma) embitter, kutia uchungu
 )

EMB 117 ENT

emblem, alama endurance, ustahirailivu
embrace, kukumbatia endure, 1 kustahimili; 2 kudumu
embroider, kutarizi enduring, -a kudumu
embroidery, tarizi enemy, adui(ma)
embryo, chanzo cha kiumbe hai energetic, -tendaji
emerge, kuzuka energy, nguvu
emergency, tokeo la ghafula enervating, -a kupunguza nguvu
emigrant, mhamaji enforce, kutia nguvu
emigrate, kuhamia ugenini engage, kuajiri; kuahidi
emigration, uhamaji be engaged, 1 kushughulika; 2
eminence, ukuu kuwa na mchumba
eminent, mashuhuri engagement, 1 shughuli; 2 uchu-
eminently, sana mba
emit, kutoa engine, mashine; injini
emotion, maono ya huzuni an engineer, fundi wa mitambo
furaha England, Uingereza
emphasis, mkazo English (people) Waingereza;
emphasize, kukaza (
Kiingereza
language
emphatic, -a nguvu engrave, kuchora nakshi
empire, milki enigma, fumbo la maneno
employ, kuajiri enjoy, kufurahia
employee, mtu wa kazi enjoyable, -a kupendeza
employer, bwana wa kazi enjoyment, furaha
employment, kazi enlarge, kuongeza ukubwa
empty, -tupu kumwaga kuondoa enlargement, mkuzo
; ;

emulate, kujaribu kuwa sawa au enlighten, kueleza

kupita enlist, kuandika askari, wasai-
enable, kuwezesha dizi, etc.
enact, kutoa amri enliven, kuchangamsha
enamel, rangi ya mbao enmity, uadui
encamp, kupiga kambi enormous, -kubwa mno
enchant, kupendeza mno enough, -a kutosha
enchanting, -enye mapendezi enrage, kukasirisha
enchantment, ulozi enrich, kutajirisha; kusitawisha
encircle, kuzingira enrol, kuandika katika orodha
enclose, kuzunguka kabisa enslave, kutia utumwani
enclosure, kitalu ensue, kufuata
encompass, kuzunguka; kuzu- ensure, kuthibitisha
ngusha entangle, kutatanisha
encounter, kukutana enter, kuingia
encourage, encouragement, ku- enterprise, ujasiri; kazi maalum
tia moyo entertain, 1 kufurahisha; 2 kufi-
encroach on, encroachment, kiria
kujiingiliza entertaining, -a kuchekesha
end, i mwisho; 2 mradi entertainment, tafrija
endanger, kuhatarisha enthusiasm, shauku na bidii
endear, kupendekeza enthusiastic, -a shauku
endeavour, juhudi; kujitahidi entice, kuvuta kwa werevu
endless, -a daima enticement, mvuto
endorse, kutia sahihi; kukubali entire, -zima; -ote
endorsement, sahihi; kibali entirely, kabisa
endowed with (be), kujaliwa entitle, kustahilisha
endue, kujalia be entitled to, kuruhusiwa
ENT 118 EXC
entrails, matumbo establish, kuweka imara
entrance, i mlango; 2 kutekeleza estate, nyumba na shamba;
entreat, kusihi manzili
enfreaty, maombP--. esteem, heshima; kuheshimu
entrust, kukabidhi estimate, kisio(ma); kukisia
entry, 1 mwingilio; 2 habari estrange, kufarakisha
iliyoandikwa etcetera (etc.) kadha wa kadha
enumerate, kutaja moja moja (kwk)
envelop, kufunika eternal, -a milele
envelope, bahasha ya barua eternity, umilele
enviable, -a kutamanika etiquette, kawaida za adabu
envious, -enye wivu etymology, asili ya maneno
environment, mazingira Europe, Ulaya
envisage, kuwazia European, Mzungu
envoy, mjumbe evacuate, evacuation, kuondoa
envy, wivu watu
ephemeral, -a kupita upesi evade, kuepuka
epidemic, maradhi ya puku- evangelist, mweneza injili

puku evaporate, evaporation, kuka-

epilepsy, kifafa uka
equal, sawasawa evasive, -erevu
equality, usawa even, 1 sawasawa; 2 hata
equator, ikweta even if, ijapo; hata ikiwa
equip, kupatia vifaa Evening, jioni
equipment, vifaa maalum
event, jambo(m); tukio(ma)
equitable, -a haki eventually, hatimaye
equivalent, sawasawa kwa tha- ever, wakati wo wote
mani for ever, sikuzote
era, zama maalum katika historia everlasting, -a milele
eradicate, kung'oa kabisa every, kila
erase, kufuta everybody, everyone, kila mtu
ere, kabla(ya) everything,kila kitu
erect, wima; kusimamisha everywhere, kila mahali
erosion, mmomonyoko wa ardhi evict, eviction, kutoa kwa nguvu
err, kukosa evidence, ushahidi
errand, utume evident, dhahiri
erratic, -a kigeugeu evil, uovu; -ovu
erroneous, -enye kosa evince, kuonyesha
error, kosa(ma) evolution, maendeleo yenye ma-
eruption volcano kutoa moto;
(
geuzi
(
disease kutoka upele exact, exactly, barabara
escalator, ngazi inayojiendea exact, exaction, kutoza
escape, kivuko cha bahati; kuo- exactitude, usahihi
koka exaggerate, exaggeration, kutia
escarpment, genge(ma) chumvi
escort, wafuasi; kufuatana na exalt, kukuza
especial, maalum exaltation, utukufu
especially, hasa examination, mtihani; ukaguzi
espionage, ujasusi examine, kupima
essay, 1 nsha; 2 jaribio(ma); example, mfano
kujaribu exasperate, kukera
essence, asili ya kitu exasperation, hasira
essential, -a asili; -a lazima excavate, kuchimbua
 ;

EXG 119 EXT

excavation, chimbo(ma) expanse, eneo(ma)
exceed, kuzidi expansion, mtanuo; maongezi
exceedingly, mno expect, kutazamia
excel, kuwa bora be expected, kutazamiwa
excellence, ubora expectation, tumaini(ma)
excellent, bora expectorate, kutema mate
except, kutotia; ila expedient, -a kufaa
exception, jambo la peke yake expedite, kuhimiza
take exception to, kutokubali expedition, safari
exceptional, -a peke yake expeditious, upesi
excess, wingi kupita kiasi expel, kufukuza
excessive, kupita kiasi expend, kutumia
exchange, kubadilishana expenditure, gharama
in exchange, badala ya expensive, ghali
exchequer, hazina ya serkali experience, 1 ujuzi; 2 kupatwa
excitable, -a haraka na
be excited, kutaharuki experiment, jaribio(ma)
excitement, machachari expert, farisi
exclaim, exclamation, kupaaza expire, kuisha kufa kutoa pumzi
; ;

sauti explain, kueleza

exclude, exclusion, kufungia nje explanation, maelezo
kukataa explicit, dhahiri
excommunicate, kuharimisha explode, explosion, kulipuka
excreta, take za mwili exploit, 1 tendo la ujasiri; 2
excrutiating, a kuumiza mno kufaidi; kutumia kwa choyo
excursion, matembezi ugenini exploration, uvumbuzi
excuse, udhuru; kuudhuru explore, kuvumbua
excuse me, Niwie radhi export, kupeleka nchi nyingine
execute, execution, i kufisha; exports, bidhaa zinazotoka
kunyonga; 2 kutimiliza; utimizo expose, exposure, kuweka wazi
exemplary, -ema sana express, 1 kusema; 2 mbio
exempt, kuruhusu expression, 1 usemi; 2 sura
exemption, ruhusa ya kutofanya expulsion, kutolewa
exercise, mazoezi; kuzoeza expunge, kufuta kabisa
exertion, juhudi exquisite, -zuri sana
exhaust, kuchosha be extant, kuwapo hata leo
be exhausted, kuchoka kabisa extend, kuenea; kueneza
exhaustive, -kamilifu extensive, -kubwa
exhibit, kitu cha kuonyeshwa; extent, eneo(ma)
kuonyesha extenuating, -a kupunguza kosa
exhibition, onyeshano(ma) exterior, upande wa nje
exhilarating, -a kuchangamsha exterminate, kukomesha kabisa
exhort, kuonya external, -a nje
exhortation, maonyo extinct (be), kutokuwapo sasa
exile, kuhamisha ugenini extinguish, kuzima
exist, kuwako extirpate, kung’oa kabisa
existence, maisha extol, kusifu
ya kutoka
exit, njia extort, extortion, kutoza kwa
exonerate, kuondoa katika la- nguvu
wama extortionate, -isiyo haki
exorbitant, -kubwa kupita kiasi extra, zaidi
exorcize, kupunga pepo extract, sehemu iliyotolewa; ku-
expand, kutanua; kuongeza toa
EXT 120 FED
extraordinary, -a ajabu familiar, -a kujulikana sana
extravagance, upotevu wa mali familiarity, uzoevu
extravagant, -potevu family, jamaa
extreme, kupita kadiri famine, njaa kuu
extremely, mno famous, mashuhuri
extricate, kutoa katika matata fan, kipepeo; kupepea
exude, kupapa maji fanatic, mshupavu
exult, kushangilia fanatical, -shupavu
exultation, mashangilio fancy, kuwaza; kupenda; uwazo,
eye, jicho(ma) mapendezi
eyelash, eyelid, ukope(k) fantastic, -a ajabu
eye-witness, shahidi aliyeona far, mbali
mwenyewe by far, zaidi sana
farce, uigaji wa kuchekesha
F fare, 1 nauli; 2 chakula
farewell, kwa heri
fable, hadithi fupi farm, shamba la mfugaji
fabric, nguo farmer, mfugaji
fabrication, uongo farther, mbali zaidi
fabulous, -a ajabu fascinating, -a kuvuta sana
face, uso(ny), sura; kukabili fascination, mvuto
facilitate, kufanya rahisi fashion, namna
facility, urahisi fashionable, -a siku hizi
facsimile, mwigo sawasawa kufunga chakula
fast, 1 upesi; 2
fact, jambo la hakika fasten, kufunga
in fact, kwa kweli fastidious, -chaguzi
faction, farakano(ma) fat, mafuta; (people) -nene (
ani-
factious, -fitini mals -nono
factory, kiwanda; karakana get fat, kunenepa, kunona
faculty, uwezo fatal, -a mauti
fad, uteuzi fatality, mauti; ajali
fade, kufifia, kuchujuka fate, ajali
fadeless, tsiyochujuka father, baba
fail, failure, kukosa, kushindwa father-in-law, mkwe
faint, i kuzimia; 2 tsiyoonekana fatigue, uchovu
vema fatten, kunonesha
faintly, kidogo fault, kosa(ma), hitilafu
fair, 1 -eupe 2 -a haki 3 ramsa
; ;
faultless, bila hitilafu
fairly, 1 bila upendeleo; 2 sana faulty, -enye hitilafu
kidogo favour, kibali, upendeleo; kupe-
fairy, kizimwi ndelea
faith, imani favourable, -a heri
faithful, -aminifu favourite, kipenzi -a kupendeza
;

faithfulness, uaminifu fawn, mtoto wa paa rangi ya paa

;

faithless, -danganyifu fear, woga; kuogopa

fake, kitu cha uongo; kuigiza fearful, -a kutisha
fall (fell, fallen) kuanguka fearless, -jasiri
fallow, shamba linalopumzika feasible, -a kuwezekana
false, -a uongo feast, karamu
falsehood, uongo feat, tendo la u jasiri
falsify, kugeuza kwa uongo feather, nyoya(ma)
falter, kusitasita feature, jambo la kuvuta macho
fame, sifa federation, shirikisho(ma)
FEE 121 FLA
fee, ada filthy, -chafu
feeble, dhaifu fin, pezi la samaki
feed (fed), kulisha final, -a mwisho
be fed, kulishwa finally, mwishoni
feel (felt) i kuona moyoni; 2 finance, mambo ya fedha
kupapasa financial, -a fedha
feelings, maono find (found), kutafuta na kuona
feign, kujisingizia findings, maamuzi
fell, see fall fine, 1 faini; kutoza fedha; 2 -zuri
fellow, mtu, mwenzi finery, umalidadi
fellow -creature, kiumbe mwe- finger, kidole cha mkono
nzake finis, tamati
fellowship, ushirika finish, kumaliza
felt, 1 see feelkitambaa
;
2 kizito be finished, kuisha; kumalizika
female, feminine, -a kike fire, moto
fence, ua(ny) firefly, kimulimuli
ferment, fermentation, kucha- fireproof, -a kutoshika moto
chuka firestones, mafiga
ferocious, -kali sana firewood, kuni
ferry, chombo cha kuvushia fireworks, fataki
fertile, -enye rutuba firm, 1 imara; 2 kampuni
fertilizer, mbolea make firm, kuimarisha
fervent, -enye moyo first, -a kwanza
fervently, kwa moyo at first, kwanza
fervour, bidii firstfruits, malimbuko
festival, sikukuu firstrate, bora kabisa
fetch, kuleta fish, samaki(ma); kuvua
f£te, ramsa fisherman, mvuvi
fetters, pingu fish-hook, ndoana
feud, uadui fishing, uvuvi
fever, homa fishmonger, mwuza samaki
few, -chache fist, ngumi
fianc6(e), mchumba fit, 1 kufaa; 2 kuenea sawasawa;
fibre, ukumbi, ukonge 2 kifafa;
fibrous, -a nyuzinyuzi feel fit, kuwa na afya
fickle, -a kigeugeu fits and starts, mara kushika
fiction, hadithi tu mara kuacha
fidget, kutotulia five, tano
field, shamba(ma) fix, kukaza
fierce, -kali in a fix, mashakani
fifteen, kumi na tano fixed, imara
fifty, hamsini flabby (people) -tepetevu; (things)
fig (tree) mtini; (fruit) tini teketeke
fight (fought) pigano(ma); kupi- flag, 1 bendera; 2 kulegea
gana flagrant, -enye ubaya dhahiri
figuratively, kwa mfano flagstaff, mlingoti
figure, 1 tarakimu; 2 sura flakes, vipande vidogo vyepesi
file, 1 safu; 2 tupa; 3 kiweko cha flame, ulimi(nd) wa moto
barua flank, ubavu(mb)
fill, kuj aza flap, kupapatika; kutikisa
film, utando(t) flare up, kulipuka
filter, chujio; kuchuja flash, kumulika ghafula
filth, uchafu flask, chupa
FLA 122 FOR
flat, -pana dufu orofa ya nyumba foliage, majani ya miti
; ;

flatter, kurairai folk, watu

flavour, ladha; kukoleza folklore, masimulizi ya wenyeji
flaw, ila follow, kufuata
flawless, kamili follower, mfuasi
flea, kiroboto folly, ujinga
flee (fled) kukimbia foment, kuchochea
fleet, la manowari fomentation, josho la moto
i upesi 2 kundi
;

fleeting, -a kupita upesi fond of (be), kupenda

flesh, nyama fondness, mapenzi
flew, see fly food, chakula
flex, ugwe wa taa za stimu fool, mjinga
flexible, -a kunama foolish, -jinga
flight, mruko hewani foolproof, salama kabisa
put to flight, kukimbiza foot (feet) mguu; futi;
flimsy, hafifu at the foot of, chini ya
flinch, kuepa football, mpira
fling, kutupa kwa nguvu foothold, pa kuwekea mguu
flint, jiwe gumu footpath, njia ndogo
float, kuelea footprint, wayo(ny)
flock, kundi(ma) footstep, hatua
flock together, kukusanyika footwear, viatu
flog, kupiga for,kwa; kwa kuwa; muda wa
flogging, mapigo forbearance, uvumilivu
flood, gharika; kufurika forbid, kukataza
floor, sakafu ya chini forbidden, marufuku
florin, sarafu ya shilingi mbili force, nguvu, kushurutisha
flour, unga forcible, -enye nguvu
flourish, kusitawi forcibly, kwa nguvu
flow, mkondo wa maji; kutiririka ford, kivuko; kuvuka kwa miguu
flower, ua(ma) fore, mbele
flown, see fly forebode, kubashiri ubaya
fluctuate, kupanda na kushuka forecast, kukisia mbele
fluctuation, mageuzi forefathers, wakale
fluency, usemaji foregoing, yaliyotangulia
fluent, -semaji forehead, paji la uso
fluid, -a kumiminika foreign, -a kigeni
flurry, fluster, wasiwasi foreigner, mgeni
be flurried, kuona wasiwasi foreman, msimamizi
flush, kupitisha maji foremost, -a mbele
flute, filimbi foresee, kutazamia mbele
flutter, kupapatika foreshadow, kuonya mbele
fly, inzi(ma) foresight, busara
fly (flew, flown) kuruka hewani forest, mwitu
foal, mwana farasi forestall, kuwahi kupinga
foam, povu kutoa povu
;
forestry, elimu ya miti
focus, kukaza macho au fikira forethought, busara
fodder, chakula cha mifugo forewarn, kuonya mapema
foe, adui(ma) forfeit, kutwaliwa
fog, ukungu mzito forgave, see forgive
foggy, -enye ukungu forge, 1 kiwanja cha mhunzi;
foil, jaribosi; kupinga kufua chuma; 2 kubini
fold, kikunjo; kukunja forger, mbini
FOR 123 FRU
forgery, ubini fragile, dhaifu; -a kuvunjika
forget (forgot, forgotten) kusa- upesi
hau fragment, kipande kidogo
forgetful, -sahaulifu fragrance, harufu tamu
forgive, kusamehe fragrant, -enye harufu nzuri
forgiveness, masamaha frail, dhaifu
forgiving, -samehevu frame, kiunzi
forgo, kuacha franchise, uhuru haki ya kucha-
;

forgotten (be), kusahauliwa gua kwa kura

fork, uma frank, -a kusema kweli
forlorn, pweke frankly, kwa kweli
form, i umbo; namna; 2 hati frantic, kama mwenye wazimu
formal, -a kawaida ipasayo fraternize, kufanya urafiki
formality, kawaida ipasayo fraud, udanganyifu
formation, matengenezo fraudulent, -danganyifu
former, -a kutangulia freak, kioja
formerly, zamani free, 1 huru; 2 bure
formidable, -a kutisha freedom, uhuru
fornication, uasherati freely, bila sharti tele;

forsake (forsook, forsaken) ku- freewill, hiari

acha freeze (froze, frozen), kuganda
forthcoming, tayari kutokea kwa baridi
forthwith, mara freight, shehena
fort, fortress, ngome freighter, meli ya bidhaa
fortify, kuongeza nguvu French, Wafaransa; Kifaransa
fortitude, uvumilivu wa mateso frequent, mara nyingi
fortnight, majuma mawili frequently, mara kwa mara
fortunate, -a heri fresh, 1 -bichi; 2 -a siku hizi
fortunately, kwa bahati njema fretful (be), kunung'unika
fortune, mali nyingi; good for- friction, mkwaruzo; ubishi
tune, bahati njema Friday, Ijumaa
forty, arobaini friend, rafiki(ma)
forward(s), mbele friendly, -a kirafiki
foster-mother, mama mlezi friendship, urafiki
fought, see fight fright, tisho(ma)
foul, -chafu; -ovu frighten, kuogofya
found, 1 see find ; 2 kuanzisha frightful, -a kutisha
be found, kuonekana fringe, matamvua; ukingo
foundation, msingi frisky, -a kuchezacheza
founder, mwenye kuanzisha frivolous, pasipo maana
foundry, kiwanda cha kusubu frock, gauni(ma)
madini frog, chura
fount, chemchemi, asili from, kutoka kwa
fountain, bomba la kurushia maji front, upande wa mbele
juu in front, mbele
fountain-pen, kalamu yenye wi- frontier, mpaka
no frontispiece, picha mwanzo wa
four, nne kitabu
fourteen, kumi na nne frost, sakitu
fowl, kuku froth, povu
fox, mbweha frown, kukunja uso
fraction, sehemu frozen, see freeze
fracture, kuvunja fruit, matunda, mazao
FRU 124 GES
fruitful, -a kuzaa sana game, mchezo; mawindo
fruitless, bure gang, watu wafanyao kazi pa-
frustrate, kupinga moja
frustration, pingamizi(ma) gaol, gereza, kifungo
fry, kukaanga gaoler, mlinzi wa gereza
frying-pan, kikaango gap, mwanya, nafasi
fuel, kuni, makaa garage, banda la motokaa
fugitive, mtoro garb, mavazi
fulfil,kutimiza garden, bustani
fulfilment, utimizo gardener, mtunza bustani
full (be), kujaa gargle, kusukutua kooni
fully, kabisa garland, taji ya maua
fumes, moshi, mvnke mweusi garment, nguo, vazi(ma)
fumigate, kufukiza garrison, askari walinzi
function, i kazi maalum; 2 garrulous, -enye maneno mengi
mkutano maalum garter, ukanda wa kuzuia soksi
fun, furaha gas, mvuke kama hewa
fund, akiba ya fedha gash, kukata, kutema
fundamental, -a msingi gasp, kutweta
funeral, maziko gate, mlango wa nje
fungus, uyoga gather, kukusanya; kuchuma
funnel, mrija gathering, mkutano
funny, -a kuchekesha • gauge, kipimio
fur, ngozi laini ya manyoya gaunt, -gofu
furious, -enye hasira nyingi gave, see give
furnace, tanuu gay, -kunjufu
furnish, kupamba nyumba gaze, kukazia macho
furniture, vyombo vya nyumbani gazelle, paa
furrow, mfuo gear, 1 vyombo; 2 mtambo wa
further, 1 mbele zaidi; 2 juu ya motakaa, etc.
hayo gem, johari
fury, hasira kali genealogy, nasaba
fuse, fyuzi ya stimu general, 1 -a watu wote; 2 -a
fuss, udhia; kujisumbua bure kawaida; 3 mkuu wa jeshi
futile, bure generalization, kisio(ma)
futility, ubatili generally, kwa kawaida
future, wakati ujao generation, kizazi
generosity, ukarimu
G generous, -karimu
genial, -changamfu
gabble, kupayuka genius, mwenye akili maalum
gadget, kitu cha utumizi gentle, -pole
gag, kuziba kinywa gentleman, mwungwana
gaiety, ukunjufu gently, kwa upole
gain, faida; kupata faida genuine, asilia, halisi

gale, upepo mwingi geography, jiografia

gall, nyongo geology, elimu ya mawe
gallant, -shujaa germ, 1 kijidudu cha ugonjwa;
gallantry, ushujaa 2 chanzo
gallery, jumba refu; roshani German, Mjeremani; Kidachi
gallop, kwenda mbio germinate, kuchipuka
gamble, gambling, kuchezea gesticulate, kuashiria
fedha gesticulation, gesture, ishara
GET 125 GRA
get, kupata; kupata kuwa gnash, kusaga meno
get up, i kusimama; 2 kuondoka gnat, mbu mdogo
kitandani gnaw, kuguguna
ghastly, -baya go (went, gone) kuenda
ghee, samli have a go, kujaribu
ghost, 1 roho; 2 kizuka go in for, kujitia katika
giant, jitu(ma) go off well, kusitawi
giddiness, kizunguzungu goal, 1 kikomo; mradi; 2 (foot-
giddy, -enye kizunguzungu ball) mlango; bao(ma)
gift, zawadi; majaliwa goat, mbuzi
gifted, -enye majaliwa God, Mungu; Allah
gigantic, -kubwa mno godchild, mtoto kwa ubatizo
gilt, gilded, -a kupakwa dhahabu godfather/mother, mdhamini
gin, mvinyo godly, -tawa
ginger, tangawizi gold, dhahabu
gingerly, kwa hadhari golden, rangi ya dhahabu
giraffe, twiga gone, see 60
girder, mhimili gong, upatu(p)
girdle, mshipi gonorrhoea, kisonono
girl, mtoto wa kike good, hali njema; -ema
give (gave, given) kupa, kutoa for good, kabisa
give back, kurudisha a good deal, wingi kidogo
give in, kushindwa in good time, mapema
giver, mpaji goodbye, kwa heri
glad (be), kufurahi goodness, wema
gladden, kufurahisha good-looking, -zuri
gladly, kwa furaha good-natured, -enye hisani
gladness, furaha good-will, ridhaa
glance, kutupa jicho goods, vyombo; bidhaa
glare, 1 kukodolea macho; 2 ku- goods train, gari la mizigo
ng’ariza goose (geese) bata bukini
glaring, -a kung’ariza; dhahiri gorge, 1 genge(ma); 2 kula kwa
glass, kioo; bilauri pupa
gleam, kumulika gorgeous, -zuri sana
glean, kuokota masazo shambani Gospel, Injili
glee, furaha gossip, porojo(ma)
glide, kunyinyirika gourd, buyu(ma)
glider, eropleni bila mashine gourmand, gourmet, mpenda
glimmer, mwangaza hafifu chakula kizuri
glimpse, kuona kidogo tu govern, kutawala
glisten, glitter, kumetameta government, serkali
globe, tufe yenye sura ya dunia gown, gauni
gloomy, -a giza grab, kunyakua
glorify, kutukuza grace, 1 neema 2 sala penye
;
cha-
glorious, -tukufu kula; 5 madaha
glory, utukufu graceful, -enye madaha
glossy, -a kung'aa gracious, -enye hisani
glove, mfuko wa mkono grade, cheo
glow, mwangaza wa moto gradient, kipimo cha mwinuko
glue, sherizi gradual, gradually, kidogo ki-
glut, wingi wa kupita kiasi dogo
glutton, mlafi graduate, kupata digrii mtu ali- ;

gluttonous, -lafi yepata digrii

GRA 126 GUN
grain, nafaka grieve, kuhuzunika ;
kuhuzuni-
grammar, sarufi sha
gramophone, santuri grievous, -a kusikitikia
granary, ghala ya riafaka grill, kuchoma nyama; banzi(ma)
grand, -a fahari bora ;
grim, bila furaha
grandchild, mjukuu grin, kucheka
grandeur, fahari grind (ground) kusaga<£
grandfather, babu grip, kushika sana
grandmother, bibi grit, mchanga
grant, i kipaji cha
kujalia; 2 gritty, -a kukwaruza
fedha groan, kuugua
granulated, -a chembechembe grocer, mwuza vyakula
grapes, zabibu groceries, vyakula
graph, kielelezo kwa mistari groove, mfuo
grapple with, kushikana na grope, kupapasapapasa
grasp, 1 kufumbata; 2 kufahamu gross, 1 jumla; 2 dazani 12
grasping, -enye choyo grotesque, -a kuchekesha
grass, majani, nyasi ground, 1 see grind; 2 ardhi,
grasshopper, panzi(ma) chini
grate, kuparuza groundless, pasipo sababu
grateful, -enye shukrani groundnuts, njugu; karanga
gratis, bure grounds, 1 sababu; 2 mashapo
gratitude, shukrani ^groundwork, msingi
gratuity, bakshishi group, kundi(ma)
grave, 1 kaburi(ma); 2 -kubwa, grouse, kunung’unika
-zito grove, kichaka
gravel, changarawe grow (grew, grown) kukua;
graveyard, makaburini kuota; kumea
gravitate, kuvutwa growl, kunguruma
gravitation, uvutano growth, maendeleo; kukua
gravity, uzito; uvutano grub, 1 buu(ma); 2 chakula
gravy, mchuzi grudge, fundo la moyo; kutoa
graze, 1 kuparuza, kuchubua; kwa kinyongo
2 kula majani grudgingly, kwa kinyongo
grazing, malisho gruel, uji
grease, mafuta grumble, kunung’unika
greasy, -enye mafuta grunt, kukoroma
great, -kubwa, -kuu guarantee, dhamana; kudhamini
greatly, sana guard, mlinzi; kulinda
greed, ulafi guess, kisio(ma); kukisi
greedily, kwa pupa guest, mgeni wa nyumbani
greedy, -lafi guidance, maongozi
Greek, Mgiriki; Myunani guide, kiongozi
green, kijani kibichi guild, chama
greengrocer, mwuza mboga na guilt, hatia
matunda guilty, -enye hatia
green 8 mboga ya majani
,
guinea, shilingi 21
greet, kusalimu guinea-fowl, kanga
greetings, maamkizi; salamu guitar, gitaa
grew, see grow gulf,ghuba
grey, kij ivu gulp, kugugumia
grief, huzuni gum, 1 gundi; 2 ufizi(f) wa illeno
grievance, uchungu gun, bunduki
GUN 127 HEA
gunpowder, bamti hardship, taabu
gush, kububujika hard -up (be), kuishiwa na fedha
gust, upepo wa ghafula hardy, -enye nguvu
gutter, mchirizi hare, sungura
gymnastics, mazoezi ya mwili harlot, kahaba(ma)
harm, madhara; kudhuru
H harmful, -a kudhuru
harmless, bila hatari
habit, mazoea harmonious, -enye ulinganifu
habitable, -a kukaliwa na watu harmony, upatano mchanga-
;

habitation, maskani; makao nyiko wa sauti

habitual, -a kawaida harness, matandiko
hack, kukatakata harp, kinubi
had, see have harp upon, kurudiarudia
hail, i kupigia kelele; kusalimu; harrow, haro kulima kwa haro
;

2 mvua ya mawe harsh, -kali

hair, nywele harshness, ukali
half (halves) nusu harvest, mavuno
hall, chumba kikubwa has, see have
hallucination, mazigazi haste, haraka
halo, uzingo hasten, kuhimiza; kufanya ha-
halt, kutua; kusimamisha raka
halve, kukata nusu kwa nusu hastily, kwa haraka
hammer, nyundo hasty, -a haraka
hammock, machila hat, kofia
hamper, jamanda(ma) hatch, kuangua mayai
hand, mkono hatchet, shoka(ma)
handbag, mkoba hate, chuki; kuchukia
handful, konzi(ma) hateful, -a kuchukiza
handicap, kizuizi hatred, chuki
handicraft, kazi ya mikono haughty, -a kutakabari
handkerchief, kitambaa; anka- haul, kukokota; vuo la samaki
chifi haunt, kurudiarudia
handle, mpini shikio(ma) mkono have (has, had) kuwa na
; ;

handsome, -zuri have to, kupaswa

handwriting, hati ya mkono having, -enye
handy, -a kufaa havoc, uharibifu mwingi
hang (hung) kutungika hawk, mwewe
be hanged, kunyongwa hay, majani makavu
hang round, kulondea hazard, i bahati; kubahatisha;
hangar, banda la eropleni 2 hatari; kuhatarisha
haphazard, ovyo-ovyo hazardous, -a hatari
happen, kutukia haze, unyenyezi; ukungu
happiness, heri, furaha hazy, si dhahiri
happy, -a furaha he, yeye
harangue, hotuba ndefu head, kichwa; mkuu
harass, kuudhi headache, maumivu ya kichwa
harbour, bandari headland, rasi
hard, -gumu headlong, kwa haraka mno
harden, kufanya -gumu headmaster, mwalimu mkubwa
hardhearted, bila huruma head-on, dafurao
hardly,kwa shida headquarters, afisi kuu
hardness, ugumu headstrong, -kaidi
HEA 128 HOB
headway, maendeleo hereafter, baadaye
heal, kupona; kuponya hereditary, -a kurithiwa
health, healthiness, afya heredity, ufananaji wa mtoto na
healthy, -enye afya wazazi wake
heap, chungu; biwi(ma) heresy, uzushi
hear, hearing, kusikia heritage, urithi
hearsay, uvumi hermit, mkaa pekee
heart, moyo hero, heroine, shujaa
hearth, jiko(meko) heroic, -a kishujaa
heartily, kwa moyo heroism, ushujaa
heartless, bila huruma herself, yeye mwenyewe
heartrending, -a kuhuzunisha hesitate, hesitation, kusitasita
sana hew, kukata, kutema
hearty, -a kirafiki hibernate, kupisha wakati wa
heat, joto, moto; kupasha moto baridi kwa usingizi
heath, pori hide (hid, hidden) kuficha; kuji-
heave, kuinua kwa nguvu ficha
heaven, mbinguni; peponi hide, ngozi ya mnyama
heavenly, -a mbinguni; -zuri hideous, -enye sura ya kuchukiza
sana high, 1 -refu; 2 -kuu
heavy, -zito highland, nchi ya juu
heckle, kuudhi kwa maswali highly, sana
hedge, kitalu cha miti mifupi highroad, barabara
hedgehog, nungu mdogo hike, kusafiri kwa miguu
heed, kuangalia; kujali hill, mlima; kilima
heedless, -zembe hilly, -a vilima
heel, kisigino cha mguu hilt, mpini wa sime
heifer, mtamba wa ng'ombe up to the hilt, kabisa
height, kimo him, himself, yeye
heighten, kuongeza hinder, kuzuia
heir, heiress, mrithi hindrance, kizuizi
held, see hold hinge, pata(ma); njesi
be held, kushikwa hint, dokezo(ma); kudokeza
Hell,Jehanum hip, nyonga
helm, usukani hippopotamus, kiboko
helmet, kofia ya chuma hire, kuajiri; kupanga
helmsman, rubani hire (wages) ujira; (rent) upangaji
help, msaada; kusaidia hire-purchase, kuchukua kwa
helpful, -a kusaidia deni
helpless, hoi his, -ake
hem, upindo; kupinda hiss, kulia kama nyoka
hemisphere, kizio history, historia
hemp, bangi hit, kupiga
hen, kuku hit it off, kupatana
hence, i kwa hiyo 2 toka hapa
; hitch, kizuio
henceforth, tangu sasa hitherto, mpaka sasa
her, yeye; -ake hive, mzinga wa nyuki
herbs, mboga za kukolezea cha- hoard, akiba; kuweka akiba
kula hoarse (be), kupwewa sauti
herd, kundi(ma); kuchunga ng’o- hoary, -a kale; -enye mvi
mbe hoax, mzaha; kudanganya kwa
herdsman, mchungaji mzaha
here, hapa, huku, humu hobby, kazi ya kujifurahisha
HOE 129 HUR
hoe, jembe(ma); kupalia host, jeshi(ma); wingi
hog, nguruwe dume hostage, mtu achukuliwaye ama-
hoist, kuinua, kupandisha na
hold (held) kushika hostel, nyumba ya wageni
hold off, hold up, kupinga hostile, -enye uadui
hold together, kushikamana hostility, uadui
hold (ship) ngama hot, -a moto
hole, tundu; shimo(ma) hotel, hoteli
holiday, ruhusa; likizo hound, mbwa
holiness, utakatifu hour, saa
hollow, wazi ndani; bonde(ma) hourly, kila saa
hollow out, kukomba house, nyumba
holy, -takatifu household, watu wa nyumbani
home, at home, kwetu; nyu- housekeeper, mtunza nyumba
mbani hovel, kibanda kibovu
homeless, msikwao hover, kusinzia hewani
homesick, hamu ya kwao how?, jinsi gani? -je?
homicide, kuua mtu however, walakini, kwa vyo vyote
honest, -nyofu howl, kulalamika (mbwa)
honestly, kwa kweli huff, chuki
honesty, uaminifu hug, kukumbatia
honey, asali ya nyuki huge, -kubwa mno
honeycomb, sega la asali hull, kiunzi cha meli
honeymoon, fungate ya maarusi hum, uvumi; kuvuma
honorary, -a heshima tu, bila human, -a kibinadamu
mshahara humane, -enye huruma
honour, heshima humanity, 1 utu; 2 huruma
honourable, i mheshimiwa; humble, -nyenyekevu; -nyonge
2 -nyofu humbly, kwa u nyenyekevu
hoof, ukwato(k) humbug, mjanja; ujanja
hook, kulabu humid, -nyevu
hookworm, chango za safura humidity, unyevu
hop, kurukaruka kama ndege humiliate, kudhili
hope, matumaini; kutumaini humiliation, udhilifu
hopeful, -enye matumaini humility, unyenyekevu
hopeless, bila tumaini humorous, -a kuchekesha
horde, msongano hump, kigongo; nundu
horizon, upeo wa macho hump (hunch) back, kibiongo
horn, pembe; honi humus, rutuba
hornet, nyigu hundred, mia
horrible, -a kuchukiza hundredfold, mara mia
horrify, kutisha hundredweight, ratli 112
horror, hofu kuu hung, see hang
horse, farasi hunger, njaa
horticulture, kilimo cha ma- hungry, -enye njaa
tunda hunt, kuwinda
hose, i soksi 2 bomba la kurushia hunt for, kutafuta
;

maji hunter, mwindaji

hospitable, -teremeshi; -karimu hurl, kuvurumisha
hospital, hospitali hurricane, tufani
hospitality, ukarimu hurry, haraka; kufanya haraka;
host, hostess, mwenye kupokea kuhimiza
wageni nyumbani hurt, kuuma; kuumiza
HUR 130 IMP
hurtful, -enye hasara illuminate, kuangaza
husband, mume illumination, mwangaza
hpsh, kimya illusion, wazo lisilo kweli
hush up, kusetiri illustrate, kueleza kwa mifano au
husks, kapi picha
husky, -enye sauti ya kupwewa illustration, mfano; picha
hustle, kusukumiza husuda
ill-will»
hut, kibanda image, mfano; picha ya ma-
hutch, kizimba wazoni
hyena, fisi imaginary, -a kuwazika tu
hygiene, elimu ya afya imagination, uwazo
hymn, wimbo(ny) wa dini imagine, kuwazia
hyphen, kiungo imitate, kufuatisha; kuiga
hypocrisy, unafiki imitation, mwigo
hypocrite, mnafiki immaculate, safi kabisa
hypothesis, kisio(ma) immaterial, si kitu
hysteria, ugonjwa wa akili immature, -changa
hysterical (be) , kutoweza kujizuia immediate, -a mara moja
immediately, papa hapa
I immense, -kubwa sana
immerse, immersion, kucho-
I, mimi vya; kuzamisha
ice, barafu immigrant, mhamiaji
iceberg, mwamba wa barafu immigration, uhamiaji
baharini imminent, -a karibu sana
idea, wazo(ma) immoderate, bila kiasi
ideal, kipeo cha ubora; -kamilifu immoral, -enye tabia mbaya
identical, sawasawa kabisa immortal, -a kuishi milele
identification, utambulishi immovable, imara
identify, kuainisha; kuthibitisha immune (be), kutoweza kudhu-
idiomatic, -enye ufasaha wa rika
kienyeji immunity, salama
idiot, juha(ma) impart, kushirikisha
idiotic, -a upuzi impartial* bila upendeleo
idle, -vivu impartiality, unyofu
idleness, uvivu impassable (be), kutopitika
idol, sanamu ya kuabudiwa impatience, pupa
idolatry, ibada ya sanamu impatient, -enye haraka
idolize, kupenda mno impede, kuzuia
i.e., yaani impediment, kizuizi
if, kama; ikiwa impel, kusukumiza
ignite, kushika moto; kuwasha impending, -a karibu sana
ignorance, be ignorant, kutojua impenetrable, isiyopenyeka
ignore, kutoangalia impenitent, bila toba
ill(be), kuwa mgonjwa; kuugua imperative, -a laziraa
illegal,kinyume cha sheria imperceptible, -dogo sana
illegible (be), kutosomeka imperfect, -enye ila
illegitimate, i -a haramu; 2 si imperfection, ila
kanuni impertinent, -enye ujuvi
illicit, marufuku impervious (be), kutopenyeka
illiterate (be), kutojua kusoma impetuous, -a haraka
ill-natured, -korofi implement, chombo cha kazi;
illness, ugonjwa kufikiliza
IMP 131 IND
implicate, kutia hatiani incalculable, tsiyopimika kubwa ;

implore, kuomba sana mno

imply, kufahamisha bila kutaja incapable (be), kutoweza
sawasawa incarnation, kutwaa mwili
import, kuingiza bidhaa katika incendiary, -a kuchoma moto
nchi incense, uvumba; kukasirisha
importance, maana incentive, kishawishi
important, muhimu inception, mwanzo
imports, bidhaa zinazoingia incessant, bila kikomo
impose, kuamuru incest, zinaa ya maharimu
impose on, kuhadaa inch, inchi
imposing, -a kuvuta macho incident, tukio(ma)
impossibility, jambo lisiloweze- incidental, -a bahati tu
kana incinerator, jiko la kuchoma ta-
impossible (be), kutowezekana kataka
impostor, ayari incipient, tnayoanza
imposture, ulaghai incise, incision, kukata
impotent, pasipo nguvu incite, incitement, kuchochea
impoverish, kufukarisha inclination, 1 maelekeo; 2 mwi-
impracticable, tsiyowezekana namo
impregnable, isiyoshindika be inclined to, kuelekea
impress, kutia moyoni, kutia include, kutia pamoja na vitu
alama vingine
impression, i chapa, alama; 2 including, pamoja na
maono inclusive, -ote pamoja
impressive, -enye maana incoherent, a kukosa maana
imprison, kufunga income, mapato
improbable, si yamkini income tax, kodi ya mapato
improve, kukuza hali incomparable, bila kifani
improvement, maendeleo mazuri incompatible (be), kutopatana
improvident, si wekevu incompetent (be), kutofaa kwa
imprudent, -enye kukosa busara kazi fulani
impudence, ujuvi incomplete, si kamili
impudent, -juvi incomprehensible (be), kuto-
impulse, usukumizi weza kufahamika
impulsive, -enye haraka inconsiderate, asiyejali wengine
impure, si safi inconsistent, -a kigeugeu
impurity, uchafu; unajisi inconvenient, -a wakati usiofaa
For prefix in see page 82 incorrect, si sahihi
inability, kutoweza increase, nyongeza; kuongeza
inaccessible, pasipofikika; tsiyo- incredible, -a kutosadikika
fikika incredulous, -enye shaka
inaccurate, si sahihi incriminate, kutia hatiani
inactive, kimya; -legevu inculcate, kufundisha
inadequate, pungufu incur, kujipatia
inadmissible, isiyokubalika incurable, zsiyoponyeka
inanimate, pasipo uhai indecent, -pujufu
inapplicable (be), kutokupasa indecision, kusitasita
inattention, purukushani indeed, kweli
be inattentive, kupurukusha indefinite, si dhahiri
sikio indelible, «siyofutika
inaudible (be), kutosikika independent (be), kujiangalia
inaugurate, kufungua; kuzindua mwenyewe
IND 132 INS
Indescribable, isiyoelezeka inflammation, uvimbe wa ku-
indestructible, t&iyoharibika choma
index, fahirisi infliction, msiba
indicate, kuonyesha influence, uvutaji
indication, ishara influential, -enye ushawishi
indigenous, -a nchi yenyewe inform, kuarifu
indigestible, tsiyotulia tumboni information, habari
indigestion, maumivu ya tumboni infrequent, si mara nyingi
indignant, -enye hasira ya haki infringe, infringement, kuasi
indignation, hasira ya haki ingenious, -enye akili; -stadi
indirect, kwa kuzunguka ingenuity, akili; ustadi
indiscreet, -a kukosa busara ingratitude, utovu wa shukrani
indiscriminate, bila kutofau- ingredient, kitu kilichomo katika
tisha mchanganyiko
indispensable, -a lazima inhabit, kukaa
indisposition, ugonjwa inhabitable, -a kukalika
indistinct, tsiyoonekana sawa- inhabitant, mwenyeji
sawa inhale, kuvuta pumzi
individual, mtu mmoja; kitu inherit, kurithi
kimoja inheritance, urithi
indivisible, isiyogawanyikana iniquitous, -baya sana
indoors, ndani ya nyumba ,
initial, -a kwanza; herufi ya
induce, kushawishi kwanza
inducement, kishawishi initiate, initiation, kuanzisha;
indulge in, kujifurahisha kwa kuingiza katika chama, unyago,
indulgent, -pole etc.
self- indulgent, kujifurahisha initiative, utangulizi
industrious, -enye bidii ya kazi inject, kuingiza
industry, kazi za viwanda injection, dawa ya sindano
inefficient, tsiyofanya kazi vizuri injure, kudhuru
ineligible, isiyoruhusiwa injurious, -a kudhuru
inevitable, isiyoepukika injury, madhara; jeraha(ma)
inexcusable, -baya sana injustice, udhalimu
inexhaustible, -ingi sana ink, wino
inexperienced, bado kupata ujuzi inland, barani
inexplicable, isiyoelezeka inn, hoteli
inexpressible, -a kupita maneno inner, -a ndani
yote innocence, usafi
infallible, isiyoweza kukosa innocent, bila hatia
infancy, utoto innovation, jambo jipya
infant, mtoto mdogo innumerable, -ingi sana
infectious, -a kuambukiza inoculate, kutia dawa ya ku-
inference, ufahamu uliopatikana zuia ugonjwa
inferior, duni inopportune, kwa wakati usiofaa
inferiority, uduni inquest, upelelezi wa sababu ya
infested with (be), kujaa tele kifo
infinite, pasipo mwisho inquire, kuuliza; kutafuta habari
infinitely, sana mno inquiry, swali upelelezi ;

infirm, -dhaifu inquisitive, -dadisi

infirmary, hospitali insane, -enye wazimu
inflame, kuchochea insanity, kichaa
inflammable, -a kuwaka moto insatiable, isiyotosheleka
upesi inscribe, kuandika
INS 133 INT
Inscription, mwandiko; mchoro insuperable, tsiyoshindika
insect, mdudu insupportable, isiyovumilika
insecticide, kiua-wadudu insurance, bima
insecure, si imara; si salama insure, kufanya bima
insecurity, hatari mashaka
; insurrection, maasi juu ya serkali
insensible (be), kuzimia; kupo- intact, kamili
tewa na ufahamu integrity, unyofu
inseparable, zsiyotengeka intellect, intelligence, akili
insert, kuingiza ndani intellectual, intelligent, -enye
insertion, kitu kilichoingizwa akili
inside, ndani intelligible, -a kufahamika
insight, ufahamu intemperance, ulevi
insignificant, duni intemperate, bila kiasi
insincere, -danganyifu intend, kukusudia
insinuate, kuingiza kidogo kidogo intention, kusudi
insinuation, uchongezi intense, -a nguvu
insipid, chapwa intensify, kuongeza
insist, insistence, kusema kwa intentionally, kwa kusudi
nguvu; kushurutisha inter-, katikati; wao kwa wao
insolence, ufidhuli intercede for, kuombea
insolent, -fidhuli intercept, kushika njiani
inspect, kukagua intercession, maombezi
inspection, ukaguzi interchange, kubadilishana
inspector, mkaguzi interchangeable, -amfanommoja
inspiration, maongozi ya moyoni
intercourse, mazungumzo; 2
inspire, kutia moyoni mambo ya mume na mke
instability, utovu wa imara interest, 1 usikizi; 2 faida; 3 ku-
instalment, fungu moja katika vuta moyo
mfulizo interesting, -a kuvuta moyo
instance, mfano interfere, interference, kujiingi-
for instance, kwa mfano liza
instantaneous, pale pale interim, muda wa kati
instantly, mara moja interior, upande wa ndani
instead of, badala ya intermediate, -a kati
instigate, kuanzisha interment, maziko
instigation, usukumizi interminable, -a daima
instinct, silika intermission, kituo
instinctively, bila kufikiri intermittent, -a vipindi
institute, institution, kuanzisha; intern, kufungia mahali fulani
kuweka internal, -a ndani
instruct, kufundisha international, -a kuhusu mataifa
instruction, mafundisho yote
instructive, -enye mafundisho internment, kufungiwa
instructor, mwalimu; fundi(ma) interpose, kujitia, kupangilia
instrument, chombo cha kufa- interpret, kufasiri
nyia kazi, hasa cha muziki interpretation, tafsiri; maana
instrumental, -a kusaidia; -a interpreter, mfasiri
muziki interrogate, kuulizauliza
insubordinate, -asi interrogation, maulizo
insubordination, uasi interrupt, kudakiza
insufficient, haba interruption, madakizo
insulate, insulation, kuzuia interval, nafasi kati ya vipindi
insult, kutukana; matukano viwili
INT 134 JOI
intervene, intervention, kujitia ironmonger, mwuza vyorabo vya
kati chuma
interview, kuonana kwa habari irrational, tsiyo na maana
fulani irrecoverable, isiyopatikana tena
intimate, -a siri irregular, si ya kawaida; si ya
intimation, habari taratibu
intimidate, kutisha irrelevant, zsiyohusu
intimidation, kitisho irresistible, isiyoshindika
into, ndani ya irresponsible, -zembe
intolerable, isiyovumilika irreverent, pasipo heshima
intolerance, ushupavu irrigate, kuleta maji shambani
intolerant, bila uvumilivu irritable, -a hamaki
intoxicant, kileo irritate, kuudhi
be intoxicated, kulewa irritation, 1 kiwasho; 2 udhia
intoxication, ulevi is, ni
intricate, -enye matatizo island, kisiwa
intrigue, shauri la hila isolate, kutenga
introduce, kuingiza; kujulishana isolation, upweke
introduction, i kuingiza; kujuli- issue, matokeo; kutokea
shana; 2 dibaji italics, italiki
intrude, kujidukiza t itch, upele; kuwasha
intruder, mdukizi item, kitu kimoja; habari moja
intrusion, udukizi its, -ake
invade, kushambulia; kuruka itself,-enyewe
mpaka by itself, peke yake
invalid, i mgonjwa; 2 batili ivory, pembe
invasion, mwingilio; mashambu-
lio J
invaluable, -a thamani sana
invariable, sawasawa sikuzote jackal, mbweha
invent, kuvumbua; kubuni jacket, koti
invention, uvumbuzi; ubuni jagged, -a kuchongoka
inverse, -a kinyume jail, gereza
inversion, invert, kupindua jam, 1 msongamano; kukwama;
invest, investment, kukopesha 2 matunda na sukari
fed ha kwa riba jar, 1 chupa; 2 kukwaruza
investigate, kupeleleza jaw, taya(ma)
investigation, upelelezi jealous (be), kuona wivu
inveterate, -zoevu jealousy, wivu
invigorate, kutia nguvu jeer, kufanya mzaha
invincible, isiyoshindika jeopardize, kutia hatarini
invisible, isiyoonekana jeopardy, hatari
invitation, barua ya kukaribi- jerk, mshtuo; kushtua, kushtuka
sha jest, neno la kuchekesha
invite, kualika; kukaribisha jet, mruko wa ghafula
inviting, -a kuvuta jetty, gati
invoice, ankra; orodha ya bidhaa Jew, Myahudi
involuntary, tsiyokusudiwa jewel, johari
involve, kuingiza; kushughulisha jigger, funza
inward/ly, ndani jilt, kuvunja uchumba bure
irate, -enye hasira job, kazi
iron, i chuma; 2 pasi: kupiga join, kiungo; kuunga
pasi joint, kiungo
 )

JOI 136 LAD

jointly, kwa shirika kettle, birika(ma)
joke, neno la kuchekesha key, ufunguo(f); msingi wa tuni
jolly, -changamfu kick, teke(ma); kupiga teke
jolt, kutikisa kid, mwana-mbuzi
jostle, kusukumana kidnap, kuiba mtoto; kuteka mtu
jot down, kuandika kwa kifupi kidney, figo
journal, gazeti(ma) kill, kuua
journalist, mwandishi wa gazeti kiln, tanuu
journey, safari kin, kindred,jamaa
joy» furaha kind, 1 namna; 2 -ema
joyful, -enye furaha kindle, kuwasha moto
jubilant, -enye shangwe kindness, fadhili
jubilation, shangwe king, mfalme
jubilee, sikukuu ya ukumbusho kingdom, ufalme
judge, hakimu; jaji; kuhukumu kipper, samaki kavu
judgement, hukumu kiss, kubusu
judicial, -a kisheria kitchen, jikoni
judicious, -a busara kitchen -garden, shamba la
juggler, mfanya kiinimacho mboga
juice, maji ya matunda kite, mwewe; tiara
jumble, takataka; kuburuga kitten, mtotowa paka
jump, mruko; kuruka knapsack, shanta
junction, mwungano; njia panda knead, kukanda
jungle, mwitu knee, goti(ma)
junior, -dogo kwa umri au cheo kneel (knelt) kupiga magoti
junk, takataka knew, see know
jurisdiction, mamlaka knife, kisu
jury, waamuzi wa hatia ya knight, cheo cha heshima
mshtakiwa knit, knitting, kufuma
just, i -a haki; 2 ndiyo kwanza; knob, kinundu
3 tu knock, pigo(ma); kugonga
justice, haki knot, kifundo
justification, sababu ya haki know (knew, known) kujua
justify, kuthibitisha haki knowingly, kwa kusudi
jut out, kutokeza knowledge, maarifa
juvenile, mtoto -a kitoto
;
known (be), kujulikana
well-known, maarufu
K knuckles, konzi

kapok (tree) msufi; (

cotton sufi L
keel, mkuku
keen, -enye bidii
-kali; label, kibandiko chenye jina; ku-
be keen on, kutaka sana bandika jina
keep (kept) 1 kuweka; 2 kufuga; laboratory, nyumba ya sayansi
5 kukaa bila kuoza
laborious, -a kuchosha
keep on, kuendelea labour, kazi; watu wa kazi;
keep to, kushika utungu wa kuzaa
keeper, mlinzi labourer, mfanyi kazi
keepsake, kikumbusho lace, nguo ya kimia; kigwe cha
kennel, tundu la mbwa kiatu
kept, see keep lack, utovu
kernel, kiini lacking, -tovu
kerosine, mafnta ya taa lad, mvulana
LAD 136 LEA
ladder, ngazi laudable, -a kusifiwa
laden, -enyi mizigo laugh, kucheka
ladle, kata laughable, -a kuchekesha
lady, bibi(ma) laughter, kicheko
lag, kukawia nyuma launch, motaboti; kushua; ku-
laid, lain, see lay, lie anzisha
lair, malalo ya mnyama wa laundry, kiwanda cha dobi
mwitu lava, mawe yaliyoyeyuka
laity, see layman lavatory, choo
lake, ziwa(ma) lavish, maridhawa
lamb, mwanakondoo law, sheria
lame, kiwete law court, korti
lament, kuomboleza lawful, halali
lamentable, -a kusikitisha lawless, -asi
lamentation, maombolezo lawn, bustani ya majani mafupi
lamp, taa lawsuit, kesi
lance, mkuki kutia
;
kisu lawyer, mwana sheria
lancet, kisu cha daktari lax, -legevu
land, nchi; nchi kavu; kushuka laxative, dawa ya kuharisha
pwani lay (laid) kuweka; kulaza; kutaga
landlord, mpangisha nyumba x
mayai
landmark, kionya njia lay wait for, kuotea
landscape, mandhari lay waste, kuharibu nchi
landslide, maporomoko ya ardhi layer, tabaka
lane, njia nyembamba in layers, tabaka-tabaka
language, lugha layman, Mkristo asiye padre
bad language, matusi laziness, uvivu
lanky, mrefu na mwembamba lazy, -vivu
lantern, taa ya mkono lead, risasi
lap, pajani; kunywa kwa ulimi lead (led), kuongoza
lapse, usahaulifu; kurudi nyuma; leader, kiongozi
kupita leaf, jani(ma); ukurasa
lard, mafuta ya nguruwe leaflet, karatasi iliyochapwa ha-
larder, kabati ya kuwekea cha- bari
kula league, shirika(ma)
lark, i ndege 2 mchezo wa kitoto
;
leak, kuvuja
large, -kubwa lean ( people ) -embamba {meat)
largely, zaidi; hasa -nofu
larva, buu(ma) lean (leant) kwenda upande
larynx, kikoromeo lean on, kuegemea
lash, kupiga mjeledi leap, kuruka
lass, msichana leap year, mwaka mrefu
last, j kudumu 2 -a mwisho
;
learn, kujifunza; kupata habari
last year, mwaka uliopita learned, -enye elimu
late (be), kuchelewa learner, mwanafunzi
lately, siku hizi learning, elimu
lateral, -a upande least, -dogo kabisa
latest, -a mwisho ;-a kisasa not in the least, hata kidogo
lath, ufito(f); upapi(p) leather, ngozi
lather, povu la sabuni leave (left) kuacha; kuondoka;
latitude, latidudo; nafasi kubakiza
latrine, choo leave, ruhusa; likizo
latterly, siku hizi take leave of, kuaga
LEA 137 LIM
leaven, chachu lever, mtaimbo
leavings, mabaki levy, chango; kutoza
lecture, hotuba; kuhutubu; ku- lewd, -pujufu
karipia liability, madaraka; welekevu;
lecturer, mwalimu ;
mtoa hotuba kizuizi
led, see lead be liable for, kupasiwa
be led by, kufuata liable to, kuelekea
ledge, ushi(ny) liar, mwongo
ledger, daftari ya hesabu libel, kashifa; kukashifu
leech, ruba liberal, -karimu; tele
left, i see leave 2 -a kushoto
;
liberality, ukarimu
leg, mguu liberate, kufanya huru
legacy, urithi liberty, uhuru
legal, halali a kisheria
;
librarian, mtunza vitabu
legality, uhalali library, maktaba
legalize, kuhalalisha lice, chawa
legend, hekaya; mapokeo ya wa- licence, leseni; hati ya ruhusa
zee license, kuruhusu
legible, -a kusomeka licensee, mwenye leseni
legion, wingi lick, kulamba
legislate, legislation, kufanya lid, kifuniko
sheria lie, uongo; kusema uongo
legitimate, halali lie (lay, lain) kulala
leisure, wasaa life, uhai; maisha
leisurely, pasipo haraka lifebelt, mshipi wa kuelezea mtu
lemon {tree) mlimau; {fruit) li- majini
mau(ma) lifeboat, mashua ya kuopoa
lend (lent) kuazima; kukopesha watu baharini
length, urefu lifetime, maisha
lengthen, kuongeza urefu life insurance, bima ya maisha
lengthy, -refu lift, mtambo wa kuinulia; kuinua
leniency, huruma light (lit) 1 kuwasha; 2 nuru;
lenient, -enye huruma 3 -epesi
lens, lenzi lighten, 1 kuangaza; 2 kupunguza
lent, 1 see lend ; 2 Kwaresima uzito
dengu
lentils, lighter, 1 tishari(ma); 2 -epesi
leopard, chui zaidi
leper, mwenye ukoma lighthouse, mnara wenye taa
leprosy, ukoma lightning, umeme
less, -chache zaidi like, 1 kupenda; 2 kama
-less, pasipo be like, kufanana na
lessen, kupunguza likely, yamkini
lesson, somo(ma); maonyo likeness, wajihi; kifani
lest, isiwe likewise, kadhalika
let, 1 kuacha; 2 kuruhusu; 3 ku- lily, yungiyungi(ma)
pangisha limb, mkono, mguu
lethal, -a kufisha lime, 1 {tree) mndimu; {fruit)
lethargic, -legevu ndimu; 2 chokaa
lethargy, ulegevu limit, mpaka kuweka mpaka
;

letter, 1 herufi; 2 barua limitation, mpaka; kizuizi

lettuce, saladi limited, -a kadiri
level, usawa; sawasawa; kusawa- limitless, pasipo mpaka
zisha limp, 1 dhaifu 2 kwenda chopi ;
LIM 138 LOV
limpid, -angavu^ locomotive, gari moshi
line, mstari; safu; kutabikisha locust, nzige
linen, kitambaa cha kitani lodge, kukaa
liner, meli lodger, mpanga chumba
linger, kukawia lodgings, mahali pa kukaa
lingering, -a kukawia loft, nafasi chini ya mapaa
linguist, mwenye elimu ya lugha lofty, -a juu sana
lining, tabaka ya nguo log, gogo(ma)
link, kiungo; kuunga log-book, kitabu cha tarehe na
lion, lioness, simba habari
lionize, kutukuza logical, -enye maana dhahiri
lip, mdomo loin, kiuno
lipstick, rangi ya midomo loincloth, shuka(ma)
liquid, kitu cha majimaji loiter, kutangatanga
lisp, kitembe loiterer, mtangatanga
list, iorodha 2 kuinamia upande loneliness, upweke
;

listen, kusikiliza lonely, -kiwa

listener, msikiaji long, -refu
listless, -tepetevu long for, kutamani
lit, see light long ago, zamani sana
be lit, kuwaka long-standing, -a siku nyingi
literal, -a kufuata maneno long-suffering, -vumilivu
literary, -a kuhusu vitabu look, look at, kutazama
be literate, kujua kusoma na look after, kutunza
kuandika look for, kutafuta
literature, vitabu look like, kufanana na
litigation, daawa looking-glass, kioo
litter, 1 taka zilizotupwa ovyo; loom, kitanda cha mfumi
2 wana-mbwa, etc., wa uzazi loop, kitanzi
mmoja loophole, tundu ukutani; njia ya
little,-dogo kuokoka
a little, kidogo loose, -a kulegalega: -a kupwaya
live, hai; kuishi; kukaa loosen, kulegeza; kufungua
livelihood, maishilio loot, mateka; kuteka nyara
lively, -changamfu lop, kupogoa
livestock, mifugo lop-sided, pogo
liver, ini(ma) Lord, Maulana; Bwana
living, hai; maishilio lose (lost) kupoteza; kukosa ku-
lizard, mjusi pata
load, mzigo; kupakiza loss, hasara
loaf,mkate be lost, kupotea
loam, udongo lot, 1 wingi; 2 kura
loan, mkopo cast lot 8 ,,kupiga kura
loath to (be), kutotaka a lot of, -ingi
loathe, kuchukia kabisa lotion, dawa ya kuoshea
loathing, machukio lottery, mchezo wa bahati nasibu
loathsome, -a kuchukiza loud, kwa sauti kuu
lobby, ukumbi loud-speaker, kikuza-sauti
local, -a kuhusu mtaa lounge, kukaa kivivu
locality, mahali fulani louse, see lice
locate, kuvumbua mahali lovable, -a kupendwa; -a ku-
location, mtaa pendeza
lock, kufuli; kitasa; kufunga love, upendo upendano kupenda
: ;
 ;;

LOV 139 MAL

lovely, -zuri Madonna, Bikira Mariamu
loving, -enye moyo wa kupenda magazine, i gazeti(ma) 2 bohari
;

low, -fupi; -a chini magazini

lower, chini zaidi; kushusha maggot, buu(ma)
lowlands, tambarare za chini magic, uganga; kiinimacho
lowly, -nyenyekevu magician, mchawi
loyal, -aminifu magistrate, jaji mdogo
loyalty, uaminifu magnanimous, -enye moyo
lozenge, kidonge cha kufyonza mwema
lubricant, mafuta magnet, sumaku; kitu cha ku-
lubricate, kulainisha kwa mafuta vuta
lucid, -a kufahamika kwa urahisi magnetism, nguvu ya kuvuta
luck, bahati njema magnificent, -zuri kabisa
lucky, -a bahati njema magnify, kukuza
lucrative, -a kuleta faida magnitude, ukubwa
ludicrous, -a kuchekesha maid/en, mwanamwali; mtumishi
luggage, mizigo wa
kike
luggage-van, behewa la mizigo mail, posta
lukewarm, uvuguvugu maim, kulemaza
lull, muda wa kutulia; kutuliza main, -kuu
lullaby, kitumbuizo mainland, bara
luminous, -a kung'aa maintain, kushika kudumisha
;

lump, bonge(ma) kugharimia

lump together, kutia pamoja maintenance, msaada; riziki
lumpy, -a vidongedonge maize, mihindi; mahindi
lunacy, kichaa majestic, -tukufu
lunar, -a mwezi majesty, enzi
lunatic, mkichaa major, -kubwa zaidi
lunch, chakula cha adhuhuri majority, wingi zaidi ya nusu)
(

lung, pafu(ma) make (made) 1 kufanyiza; 2 ku-

lurch, kupepesuka; kuenda mra- shurutisha
ma make believe, kujifanya
leave in the lurch, kuacha ka- make do, kutumia ingawa haifai
tika shida sana
lure, mvuto; kuvuta make good, kufaulu
lurid, -a kutisha make off, kukimbia
lust, tamaa mbaya make out, kufahamu
lustily, kwa nguvu make sure, kuhakikisha
lustre, mng’aro make up, 1 kubuni; 2 kuacha
lusty, -a nguvu ugomvi; 3 kujitia uzuri
luxurious, -a anasa make up for, kusawazisha
luxury, anasa make up to, kujipendekeza kwa
malady, ugonjwa(ma)
M malaria, homa ya mbu
male, -a kiume
machine, mtambo; mashine malevolent, -enye nia ovu
mad, -enye wazimu malformation, kilema; kombo-
madam, bibi (ma)
madden, kukasirisha malice, kijicho
made, see make malicious, -ovu
be made, kufanywa; kushuruti- malign, kusingizia
shwa malignant, -a shari
madness, ujinga kabisa mallet, nyundo
MAL 140 MAX
pialnutrition, ukosefu wa
maritime, kando ya bahari
cha-
kula cheraa mark, alama; kutia alama
mammal, mnyama anyonye- market, soko(ma)
shaye market- garden, shamba la mbo-
man (men) mwanadamu; mtu; ga
rawanamume marmalade, mseto wa machu-
manage, kuongoza na kusimamia ngwa na sukari
manage kuweza; kudiriki
to, marquee, hema kubwa
manageable, -a kuwezekana marriage, ndoa
management, maongozi; wakuu be married, kuozwa
wa kazi marry (man) kuoa; (woman) kuo-
manager, meneja lewa
mandate, amri marsh, bwawa(ma)
mane, manyoya ya shingoni martial, -a vita
manfully, kwa ushujaa martyr, shahidi(ma); mteswa
mange, upele wa mbwa martyrdom, mauti ya kishahidi
mango (tree) mwembe; (fruit) marvel, ajabu(ma); kustaajabu
embe(ma) marvellous, -a ajabu
mangrove, mkoko; mkandaa masculine, -a kiume
manhood, utu uzima mash, mseto; kuseta
maniac, mkichaa mask, kifuniko cha uso
manifest, kudhihirisha; dhahiri mason, mwashi
manifestation, ufunuo mass, wingi: chungu zima
manifesto, tangazo(ma) massacre, mauaji; kuchinja ovyo
manifold, -ingi massive, -kubwa sana
manioc, muhogo mast, mlingoti
manipulate, kutengeneza kwa master, bwana(ma); mwalimu;
mkono au akili kushinda
mankind, wanadamu masterful, -enye nguvu
manly, -a kiume masterpiece, kazi bora kabisa
manner, jinsi; namna mat, jamvi(ma); mkeka
manners, adabu match, 1 kiberiti; 2 shindano-
mansion, jumba(ma) (ma); 3 kulingana
manslaughter, kumwua mtu bila matchless, isiyo na kifani
kusudi mate, mwenzi
manual, i -a mikono ;
2 kitabu cha material, nguo; kitambaa; kitu
mafundisho cha kufanyia kazi
manufacture, kufanyiza bidhaa materialism, kufikiri mambo ya
manufacturer, mfanyiza bidhaa duniani tu
manure, mbolea maternal, -a mama
manuscript (MSS) maandiko mathematics, elimu ya hesabu
kwa mikono matrimony, ndoa
many, -ingi matron, bibi mkubwa
map, ramani matter, 1 asili ya vitu vyote;
mar, kuumbua 2 jambo(ma); 3 usaha
marauder, mtekaji it doesn’t matter, haidhuru
marble, 1 marmari; 2 gololi(ma) mattress, godoro(ma)
march, kuenda kiaskari mature, -pevu; kupevuka
mare, farasi jike maturity, upevu
margarine, namna ya siagi maul, kurarua kwa meno na ma-
margin, ukingo(k); pambizo(ma) kucha
marine, -a bahari maxim,mithali
mariner, baharia(ma) maximum, kipeo
 )

MAY 141 MID

may (might) i ruhusa; 2 labda memorable, -a kukumbukwa
maybe, labda memorandum, maandiko ma-
maze, tatizo(ma) fupi ya kukumbusha
me, mimi memorial, ukumbusho
meadow, shamba la majani memorize, kujifunza kwa moyo
meagre, haba memory, uwezo wa kukumbuka;
meal, 1 chakula; 2 unga kumbukumbu
mean, 1 wastani; 2 -nyonge; menace, kitisho; kutisha
3 -enye choyo mend, kutengeneza kito kilicho-
mean (meant) 1 vunjika
kukusudia;
2 kumaanisha menial, -nyonge
meaning, maana menstruate, kuingia mwezini
meaningless, bila maana menstruation, hedhi
meanness, unyimivu mental, 1 -a moyoni 2 -a kichaa ;

means, uwezo wa kutenda mention, kutaja

meanwhile, meantime, huko not to mention, licha ya
nyuma menu, orodha ya vyakula
measles, surua mercenary, -enye tamaa ya
measure, kipimo; kupima mshahara; askari mgeni wa
measurement, kipimo mshahara
meat, nyama merchandise, biashara
mechanic, fundi(ma) wa mashine merchant, tajiri; mfanyi bia-
mechanical, -a mashine shara
mechanization, utumizi wa ma- merciful, -enye rehema
shine badala ya watu merciless, bila huruma
medal, nishani mercy, rehema; huruma
meddle, kujiingiza bure mere/ly, tu
mediaeval, zamani za miaka merge, kuungana
elfu ;
-a kale merit, ustahili; kustahili
mediate, kuamua; kupatanisha merited, -a haki
mediation, upatanisho meritorious, -a kusifiwa
mediator, mpatanishi mermaid, zimwi la baharini
medical, -a dawa merriment, furaha
medical department, Idara ya merry, -changamfu
Utabibu mess, fujo(ma); matata
medicine, dawa message, agizo(ma)
mediocre, si -zuri sana messenger, tarishi(ma)
meditate, meditation, kutafa- metal, madini
kari metaphor, mfano
medium, metaphorically, kwa mfano
1 -a kadiri; 2 njia
medley, mchanganyiko wa vitu meteor, kimwondo
kadha wa kadha meter, chombo cha kupimia
meek, -pole method, njia; taratibu
meekness, upole methodical, -a taratibu
meet, kukutana metre ( length meta; (poetry)
meeting, mkutano mizani
melancholy, -a huzuni microbe, mikrobi; kijidudu
melodious, -enye sauti tamu microphone, kikuza-sauti
melody, sauti tamu; tuni microscope, darubini ya kukuza
melon, tikiti(ma) ukubwa
melt, kuyeyuka; kuyeyusha mid, middle, -a katikati
member, kiungo; mwanachama middle-aged, mtu wa makamu
memento, kumbukumbu(ma) middle ages, see mediaeval
MID 142 MOD
xjiiddling, -a kadiri miscarry, kuenda upande mwi-
midges, usubi ngine
midnight, saa sita usiku miscellaneous, -a namna nyingi
midway, katikati ya mwendo mischance, bahati mbaya
midwife, mkunga mischief, fitina; utundu
midwifery, ukunga mischievous, -enye nia mbaya;
might, i see may; 2 uwezo na -tundu
nguvu misconduct, misdeeds, matendo
migrate, kuharaa mabaya
migration, uhamaji miser, bahili
mild, baridi; -pole miserable, -enye hali mbaya
mile, maili misery, huzuni; hali mbaya
mileage, jumla ya maili misfortune, bahati mbaya; msi-
militant, vitani ba
military, -a askari misgiving, shaka(ma)
milk, maziwa; kukama misguided (be), kuongozwa vi
mill, kinu cha kusagia baya
millet, mtama misinformed (be), kuarifiwa ya-
millipede, jongoo(ma) siyo kweli
mimic, mimicry, kuiga misjudge, kupima visivyo
mince, nyama iliyosagwa; kusaga' mislay (laid) kupoteza kwa muda
mincemeat, mince ya matunda be mislaid, kupotea
mind, akili; kuangalia mislead, kukosesha
never mind, haidhuru be misled, huongozwa vibaya
I don’t mind, Ni mamoja mismanage, kutengeneza vibaya
kwangu misprint, kosa(ma) katika chapa
mine, 1 -angu 2 shimo la madini misrepresent, kueleza yasiyo
;

3 maini ya baruti kweli

mineral, jamii ya mawe miss, kukosa
mineral water, kinywaji kama be missing, kutokuwapo
soda missile, silaha ya kurushwa kama
mingle, kuchanganya pamoja kombora
miniature, mfano mdogo mission, ujumbe; upelekwa
minister (
church ) mhudumu; missionary, mpelekwa
{state) waziri(ma) mist, ukungu
minister to, kuhudumia mistake, kosa(ma)
ministry, huduma; wizara mistake (mistook, mistaken)
minor, -dogo zaidi kukosea
minority, -chache {wasiofika mistress, bibi(ma)
nusu misunderstand (stood) kutofa-
minus, pasipo; kasa hamu vema
minute, dakika; -dogo sana misuse, kutumia vibaya
miracle, mwujiza; ajabu(ma) mitigate, mitigation, kupunguza
miraculous, -a ajabu mix, kuchanganya pamoja
mirage, mazigazi mixture, mchanganyiko
mire, tope(ma) moan, kuugua
mirror, kioo cha kujitazamia mob, ghasia ya watu
mirth, macheko mobile, -enye mwendo
For mis- see page 82 mobility, wepesi wa mwendo
misadventure, tukio(ma) baya mobilize, kuandaa vita
misbehave, kukosa adabu mock, kudhihaki
miscalculate, kufikiri yasivyo mockery, dhihaka
miscarriage, kuharibika mimba mode, namna, mtindo
MOD 143 MUN
model, mfano wa kufuatwa mortar, i chokaa; 2 kinu
moderate, -a kiasi; kupungua; mortification, uchungu
kupunguza mortify, kuaibisha; kufisha
moderately, si sana mosque, msikiti
moderation, kiasi mosquito, mbu
modern, -a kisasa mosquito net, chandalua
modernize, kugeuza upya most, kupita yote
modest, -enye haya; -nyenyekevu mostly, zaidi
modesty, haya moth, nondo
modification, ugeuzi mother, mama mzazi
modify, kugeuza kidogo mother-in-law, mkwe
moist, -bichi; chepechepe motion, mwendo
moisture, rutuba; maji motionless, kimya
mole, fuko motive, kusudi(ma)
molest, kusumbua motor, mota; mtambo wa ku-
mollify, kuridhisha endesha
moment, nukta motorboat, motaboti
momentary, -a kupita upesi motorcar, motakaa
momentous, -a maana sana motorcycle, pikipiki(ma)
monarch, mfalme mottled, -enye madoadoa
monastery, nyumba ya wanaume mould, 1 udongo; 2 kuvu
watawa moult, kupukutika manyoya
money, fedha mound, chungu
mongrel, mbwa wa mbegu mbili mount, kupanda juu
monk, mtawa mwanamume mount, mountain, mlima
monkey, kima, tumbili, etc. mountainous, -enye milima
monkey-nuts, njugu mingi
monopolize, kujishikia yote mourn, kuomboleza
monopoly, haki ya peke yake mournful, -enye huzuni
monotone, sauti (toni) isiyobadi- mourning, kilio; matanga
lika mouse (mice) panya mdogo
monotonous, -a kuchosha kwa mouth, kinywa
kuwa ileile tu movable, -a kuweza kusoge-
monsoon, msimu wa kaskazini au zwa
kusini move, kusogea; kusogeza
monster, dubwana(ma) movement, mwendo
month, mwezi mow, kukata majani
monthly, kila mwezi much, -ingi
monument, nguzo ya ukumbusho muck, taka za zizini, etc.

mood, tabia ya mtu mud, matope

moon, mwezi muddle, fujo(ma)
moonlight, mbalamwezi muddy, enye matope mengi
mop, kitambaa cha kufutia maji; mug, kikombe; kopo(ma)
kufuta maji mulberry {tree) mforsadi; {fruit)
moral, -a adili mafundisho mema
;
forsadi
morality, adili mule, nyumbu
more, zaidi multiplication, multiply, kuzi-
moreover, zaidi ya hayo disha
morning, asubuhi multitude, umati
morsel, kipande kidogo mmego mum, kimya
;

mortal, -a mauti mumble, kumumunya maneno

mortality, mauti; hesabu ya mumps, matubwitubwi
watu waliokufa mundane, -a dunia
MUN 144 NEG
rpunicipal, -a kuhusu baraza ya narrow-minded, -a kukataa ma-
mji wazo mapya
murder, uuaji wa kusudi nasal, -a pua
murderous, -a kutaka kuua nasty, -a kuchukiza
murmur, kunong’ona; kunung'u- nation, taifa(ma)
nika national, -a taifa lote
muscle, mshipa; musuli nationality, taifa la mtu fulani
muscular, -enye tambo nationalize, kugeuza mali ya
museum, nyumba ya kuwekea watu iwe mali ya taifa
vitu vya tunu native, mzalia
mushroom, kiyoga nativity, kuzaliwa
music, muziki natural, -a kawaida; -a asili
musical, -enye kupenda muziki naturalist, mwenye elimu ya
musician, mutribu viumbe
must, lazima naturalize, kumhalalisha mgeni
mustard, haradali, mustadi awe mwananchi
muster, kukusanya naturally, bila shaka
musty, -enye kuvu nature, utaratibu wa ulimwengu
mute, bila sauti; bubu maumbile
mutilate, kukata; kuvunja se- naught, hapana kitu
hemu ya mwili naughty, -bay
mutineer, askari mwasi nautical, -a meli na bahari
mutiny, maasi ya askari au ma- naval, -a manowari
baharia navigable, -a kupitika kwa vyo-
mutter, kunung’unika mbo
mutton, nyama ya kondoo navigate, navigation, kuongoza
mutual, wao kwa wao; -ana vyombo vya baharini au he-
my, -angu wani
myself, mimi mwenyewe navigator, nahodha(ma); ba-
mysterious, -a fumbo haria(ma)
mystery, siri; fumbo(ma) N.B., Angalia sana
mystify, kutatanisha navy, jamii ya manowari
myth, hadithi ya zamani near,' nearly, karibu
neat, nadhifu
N neatly, vizuri
neatness, unadhifu
nag, nagging, uchokochoko; ku- necessaries, mahitaji
zozana necessarily, kwa lazima
nail, ukucha(k); msumari; kupiga necessary, -a lazima
misumari necessitous, maskini
naked, -tupu necessity, dhiki kitu
; kilicho
name, jina; kutaja jina lazima
be named, kuitwa; kutajwa neck, shingo
namely, yaani necklace, mkufu
namesake, mwenye jina sawa necktie, tai
nap, usingizi mfupi need, haja; kuhitaji
napkin, kitambaa cha mezani; needle, sindano; shazia
winda wa mtoto mdogo negative, kusema “La”; ku-
narrate, kusimulia kana
narration, narrative, masimu- neglect, kutoangalia
lizi neglectful, negligent, -zembe
narrow, -embamba negligence, uzembe
narrowly, kwa shida negligible, -dogo kabisa
NEG 145 NUM
negotiate, negotiation, kushauri- noisy, -enye makelele
ana nominate, kutaja
neighbour, jirani nomination, kutajwa
neighbourhood, ujirani non-, si
neighbourly, -enye hisani none, hata moja
neither, wala nonsense, upuzi
nephew, mpwa nook, kipembe
nerve, mshipa wa fahamu; neva noon, adhuhuri
have the nerve, kuthubutu no one, hapana mtu
nervous, -enye woga noose, tanzi(ma)
nest, kiota; tundu nor, wala
net, netting, wavu(ny) normal, -a kawaida
mosquito net, chandalua normally, kwa kawaida
neuralgia, maumivu ya neva north, kaskazini
-neutral, bila upendeleo; nchi baki nose, pua
neutrality, kutokuwamo not, si

never, hapana kabisa; kamwe notable, mashuhuri

nevertheless, walakini notch, pengo kutia pengo
;

new, -pya note, 1 barua fupi 2 sauti katika

;

New Testament, Agano Jipya muziki; 3 kuangalia

new year, mwaka mpya notes, muhtasari
news, habari noteworthy, notable, -a maana
newspaper, gazeti(ma) nothing, hapana kitu
next, -a kufuata notice, tangazo(ma); kuona
nibble, kumegamega; kuguguna notification, taarifa ya kujulisha
nice, -zuri~ -tamu notify, kujulisha
nicely, vizuri notion, fikira; dhana
nickname, jina la utani notoriety, sifa mbaya
nicotine, sumu iliyomo katika notorious, -enye sifa mbaya
tumbako notwithstanding, ijapokuwa
niece, mpwa wa kike nought, si kitu sifuri ;

nigh, karibu come to nought, kubatilika

night, usiku nourish, kulisha vema
all night, usiku kucha nourishment, maakuli mema
nightingale, ndege mwenye sauti novel, 1 -pya; _a kigeni; 2 kitabu
tamu cha hadithi
nil, hapana kitu novelist, mtunga kitabu cha
nimble, -epesi hadithi
nine, tisa, kenda novelty, kitu kipya
nineteen, kumi na tisa novice, anayejizoeza kazi fulani
ninety, tisini now, sasa; siku hizi
nip, i kufinya; 2 kwenda upesi now and then, mara kwa mara
no, siyo; la; hapana nowadays, siku hizi
noble, bora nowhere, si mahali po pote
nobly, kwa uhodari noxious, -a kuchukiza
nobody, hapana mtu nucleus, kiini
nod, kuinamisha kichwa; kusi- nude, -tupu
nzia nudge, kutia mdukuo
nodule, kinundu nuisance, udhia; mchokozi
Noel, Krisraas null, batili
nullification, tanguko(ma)
noise, makelele; kishindo
noiseless, kimya nullify, kubatilisha; kutangua
noisome, -a kuchukiza numb (be), kufa ganzi
NUM 140 ONE
number, hesabu; rdadi; namba
occupant, mkaazi; mwenyeji
a number of, -ingi occupation, kazi; uchumi
numeral, tarakimu be occupied, kushughulika
numerous, -ingi occupy, kukalia; kushughulisha
nun, mtawa wa kike occur, kutukia
nuptual, -a arusi occurrence, matukio
nurse children's aya; kupakata; ocean, bahari kuu
(

(sick) mwuguzi; kuuguza oculist, tabibu wa macho

nurture, malezi; kulea odd, 1 -a kuchekesha; -a kigeni;
nut, njugu, korosho, etc.; kokwa 2 isiyo na mwenzake
nutritious, -a kulisha mwili odious, -a kuchukiza
odour, harufu
O of, -a
off, katika; mbali
oar, kasia(ma) offal, matumbo ya mnyama
oasis, chemchemi jangwani offence, kosa(ma)
oath, kiapo take offence, kuchukizwa
oats, nafaka kama shayiri offend, kuchukiza
obedience, utii offensive, -a kuchukiza
obedient, -sikivu *
take the offensive, kuanzisha
obey, kutii vita
object, i kitu; 2 kusudi; 3 ku- offer, kutoa; kutolea
kataa be offered, kutolewa
objection, pingamizi(ma) offering, kipaji; sadaka
objectionable, -a kuchukiza offhand, 1 bils kujiweka tayari;
objective, shabaha 2 bila heshima
obligation, wajibu office, afisi; kazi
oblige, 1 kulazimisha; 2 kufanyia officer, afisa wa askari; mwenye
hisani kazi ya serkali
obliging, -enye hisani official, 1 rasmi; 2 mwenye kazi
obliterate, kufuta ya serkali
oblivion, usahaulifu offspring, mzao
oblong, umbo la mstatili often, mara nyingi
obnoxious, kuchukiza ogre, zimwi(ma)
obscene, -pujufu oil,mafuta laini
obscenity, upujufu ointment, mafuta ya kupaka
obscure, si dhahiri old, -a kale; -kuukuu
observant, -angalifu old person, mzee
observe, observation, 1 kuta- old-fashioned, -a mtindo wa
zama; kuangalia; 2 kusema zamani
obsolete, isiyotumika sasa olive (tree) mzeituni;
(oil) halzeti
obstacle, kizuizi omen (good) ndege njema; (bad)
obstinacy, ukaidi ndege mbaya
obstinate, -kaidi omission, jambo lililoachwa
obstruct, kupinga omit, kuacha kusudi kukosa kutia
;

obstruction, pingamizi(ma) omnibus, basi(ma)

obtain, kujipatia omnipotent, mwenyezi
be obtainable, kupatikana on, 1 juu ya; 2 mbele
obtrude, obtrusion, kujiingiza once, mara moja tu
obvious, dhahiri once upon a time, hapo kale
occasion, nafasi; wakati(ny); at once, mara moja
sababu one, moja
occasional/ly, mara kwa mara one by one, -moja -moja
 )

ONE 147 OVE

one-sided, -a upande mmoja organist, mpiga kinanda
onion, kitunguu organize, kuratibisha
only, i tu; 2 lakini oriental, -a mashariki
onward, mbele origin, asili
opaque, tsiyopenyeka kwa nuru originally, mwanzoni
open, wazi; kufungua; kufumbua originate, kuanza; kuanzisha
opening, nafasi; kipenyo ornament, pambo(ma)
opera, hadithi iliyoigizwa na orphan, yatima
waimbaji orphanage, nyumba wanamotu-
operate, kutenda kazi; kupasua nzwa yatima
mgonjwa ostensible, -a kuonyeshwa kwa
operation, kazi fulani; utabibu nje
wa kupasua ostentatious, -a majivuno
opinion, rai; maono ostrich, mbuni
opium, afyuni other, -ingine
opponent, mshindani otherwise, ama sivyo
opportune, -a wakati wa kufaa ought to, kupaswa
opportunity, nafasi; saa ya ku- I ought to, imenibidi; imeni-
faa pasa
oppose, kupinga ounce, wakia
opposite, kuelekeana; kinyume our/s, -etu
opposition, upingaji ourselves, sisi wenyewe
the Opposition ( Parliament out, nje
Wajadili outbreak, matokeo mabaya ya
oppress, kudhulumu ghafula
oppression, udhalimu outcast, msikwao; maskini
oppressive, -dhalimu outcome, tokeo(ma)
optical, -a macho outcry, makelele
optimistic, -enye tumaini outdo, kushinda
option, hiari outfit, mahitaji ya kazi fulani
optional, -a hiari outhouse, kibanda cha nje
or, au; ama outing, matembezi; mandari
oral, -a midomo outlaw, haramia(ma) kuhari-
;

orange (tree) mchungwa; (fruit) misha

chungwa(ma) outlay, gharama
oration, hotuba outline, kuandika kwa kifupi ha-
orator, msemaji bari au picha
orchard, shamba la matunda outlook, 1 sura ya nchi; 2 hali
orchestra, kikosi cha wapiga ala ya mbele
za muziki outnumber, kuzidi
ordain, kuagiza outrage, kosa baya sana
ordeal, jaribio kali outrageous, -baya kabisa
order, 1 taratibu; 2 amri; kua- outright, papo hapo; kabisa
muru outside, nje
orderly, 1 askari mtumishi 2
;
kwa outskirts, kiungani
taratibu outspoken (be), kusema bila ku-
ordinance, sheria ficha
ordinary, -a kawaida outstanding, 1 -a kutokeza;
ordination, kuamriwa wahudumu 2 bado kulipwa
wa kanisa outwardly, kwa nje
ore, mawe yenye madini outwit, kukalamkia
organ, 1 kiungo cha mwili; 2 ki- oval, -enye umbo la yai
nanda oven, jiko la kuokea
OVE 148 PAR
over, juu; zaidi ya palatable, -tamu
over again, tena palate, kaa la kinywa
be over, i kubaki; 2 kuisha pale, pallid, -eupe
overboard, baharini palm, 1 mnazi, mtende, etc.;
overcome, kushinda 2 kitanga cha mkono
overflow, mafuriko; kufurika palm oil, mawese
overhear, kusikia maneno yasi- palpable, dhahiri
yokuhusu palpitation, papo la moyo
overlook, 1 kutazama kutoka juu paltry, hafifu
2 kusamehe; 3 kukosa kuona pamper, kudedekeza
oversight, 1 kosa la usahaulifu; pamphlet, kitabu kidogo bila
2 usimamizi jalada
overtake, kufuata hata kufikia pan, sufuria, kikaango, etc.
overtime, kazi na malipo ya pandemonium, makelele mengi
ziada pane, kipande cha kioo
overturn, kupinduka; kupindua pang, kichomo cha ghafula
owe, kuwa na deni; kuwiwa panic, woga mkuu
owing to, kwa sababu ya be panic-stricken, kushikwa na
owl, bundi(ma) woga mkuu
own, 1 kuwa na kitu 2 kukiri ; ,
pant, kutweta
my own, -angu mwenyewe pantry, kabati ya kuwekea cha-
owner, mwenyewe kula
ox (oxen), ng’ombe maksai pants, suruali
oyster, chaza paper, karatasi; gazeti(ma)
paperbacks, jamii ya vitabu
P parable, mfano wenye mafundi-
sho
pace, hatua; mwendo parachute, mwavuli wa kutele-
pacifist, mkana vita mshia watu
pacify, kutuliza parade, gwaride; kukoga
pack, 1 kundi(ma); 2 mtumba; paradise, peponi
3 kufunganya paraffin, mafuta ya taa
package, packet, bahasha(ma) paragraph, fungu la sentensi
pact, mapatano parallel, sambamba
pad, kitakia; kata paralyse, kupoozesha
paddock, kitalu cha ng’ombe be paralysed, kupooza
paddle, kafi paralysis, kipooza
padlock, kufuli paramount, -kuu
page, ukurasa(k) parasite, kimelea
pageant, igizo la mambo ya parcel, bahasha
historia parched (be), kukauka
paid, see pay pardon, masamaha; kusamehe
be paid, kulipwa pardonable, -a kusameheka
pail, ndoo parent, mzazi
pain, maumivu parentage, ukoo
be painful, kuuma parish, mtaa wa Kanisa
painstaking, -angalifu parity, usawa
paint, rangi; kupaka rangi; kua- kubwa 2 kiwanda
park, 1 bustani ;

ndika picha cha motakaa

painting, picha ya rangi parliament, halmashauri kuu
pair, jozi; vitu viwili vya namna parochial, -a kuhusu parish
moja parody, mwigo wa kuchekesha
palace, jumba la mfalme parole, ahadi ya kutotoroka
PAR 149 PEN
parrot, kasuku patrol, askari wa zamu; kute-
parry, kukinga, kuepa mbelea mahali
parson, padre(ma) patron, mfadhili
part, sehemu; kipande; kuachana patronize, kufadhili
partake, kushiriki pattern, kielezo; namna
partial, si kamili pauper, fukara
be partial to, kupenda; ku- pause, kituo; kutua
pendelea pavement, sakafu kando ya njia
partiality, upendeleo pavilion, banda(ma) hema kubwa
;

participate, kushiriki; kuwamo paw, mguu wa mnyama

particle, kipande kidogo mno pawn, kuweka rehani
particular, -angalifu; maalum pawpaw {tree) mpapai; {fruit)
particularly, hasa papai(ma)
particulars, habari zote moja pay (paid), mshahara; kulipa;
moja kuleta faida
parting, kuachana payment, malipo
partisan, mfuasi mshupavu pea, mbaazi, choroko, etc.
partition, gawio(ma); mkato; peace, amani
kugawa; kukata peaceful, peaceable, -tulivu
partly, kwa nusu peacemaker, msuluhishi
partner, mshiriki katika kazi peak, kilele; ncha ya juu
partnership, bia; shirika peal, mho wa radi au kengele
party, i karamu; 2 jamiiyawatu nyingi
wenye shauri moja pearl, lulu
pass, 1 kipito; kupita; 2 cheti peasant, mkulima
cha njia; 3 kufaulu pebbles, makokoto
passage, kichochoro; usafiri peck, kudonoa
passenger, abiria peculiar, -a peke yake
passer-by, mpitaji peculiarity, tofauti
passion, harara; tamaa peculiarly, hasa
passionate, -enye harara pedal, kanyagio(ma)
passport, ruhusa ya kupitia nchi pedestrian, mwenda kwa miguu
za -kigeni pedigree, ukoo bora
past, -a zamani; iliyopita peel, ganda(ma); kumenya
go past, kupita peep, kuchungulia
paste, wambiso; kuambatisha peephole, ufa wa kuchungulia
pastime, mchezo peg, kigingi; chango
pastor, mchungaji wa roho pelican, mwari
pastry, maandazi yaliyookwa pellet, kidonge
pasture, machunga; malisho pell-mell, kaka-kaka
pat, kupapasa kwa mapigo me- pen, kalamu ya wino
pesi penalty, adhabu; malipo
patch, kiraka; kutia kiraka penance, kitubio
patchy, -a hali mbalimbali pencil, kalamu
paternal, -a baba pendulum, mizani {ya saa, etc.)
path, njia ndogo penetrate, kupenya
pathetic, -a kutia huruma penetrating, -a kupenya ndani
patience, saburi; uvumilivu penguin, 1 ndege ya nchi za
patient, -vumilivu mgonjwa ana-
;
baridi; 2 jamii ya vitabu
yetibiwa penis, uume
patiently, kwa saburi penitence, toba
patriot, mzalendo penitent, -enye toba
patriotism, uzalendo pension, malipo ya uzeeni
PEN 150 PIC
pent up (be), kuzuiwa perspiration, jasho
penury, umasikini perspire, kutoka jasho
people, watu taifa(ma)
;
persuade, kushawishi
pepper, pilipili persuasion, ushawishi
peppermint, peremende persuasive, -enye maneno ya
per, kwa kuvutia
perceive, kuona;kutambua pertain to, kuhusiana na
percentage, sehemu ya mia perturb, kufadhaisha
pefch, kituo cha ndege; kutua pervade, kuingia na kuenea
perchance, labda pervasive, -a kuenea
peremptory, -kali; -a lazima perverse, -kaidi
perfect, kamili perversity, ukaidi
perfection, ukamilifu pervious, -a kupenyeka
perforate, kutoboa pessimism, upesi wa kukata
perforation, kitundu tamaa
perform, kutenda; kutimiza; ku- pest, balaa
cheza mbele ya watu pester, kuudhi
performance, mchezo wa kuiga, pestilence, maradhi mabaya ya
kuimba, etc. kuenea sana
perfume, marashi pestle, mchi wa kutwangia
perhaps, labda; yumkini pet, kipenzi
peril, hatari petition, dua; kuomba
perilous, -a hatari petrify, kuduwaza
period, kipindi be petrified, kuduwaa
periodical, i -a kurudiarudia; petrol, mafuta ya motakaa
2 gazeti(ma) petty, -dogo, hafifu
perish, kufa; kuharibika phase, hali ya kipindi
perishable, -a kuharibika upesi phenomenal, -a ajabu sana
perjury, kuapa uongo 'philanthropic, -karimu
permanent, -a kudumu philanthropy, upendo na ufa-
permeate, kupenya na kuenea dhili
ndani philosophical, -tulivu, -a busara
permissible, halali philosophy, elimu ya asili; filo-
permission, ruhusa sofia
permit, i cheti cha ruhusa; kuru- phlegm, makohozi
husu phonetics, elimu ya matamko
pernicious, -baya sana photograph, picha iliyopigwa
perpendicular, -a wima kwa kamera
perpetrate, kufanya tendo baya phrase, fungu la maneno ma-
perpetual, -a daima chache
perplex, kutatanisha physical, -a kuhusu mwili
perplexity, mashaka physician, tabibu(ma)
persecute, kudhulumu kutesa ;
piano, kinanda
persecution, udhalimu; mateso pick, kuchuma
perseverance, persistence, udu- pick, pickaxe, sululu(ma)
mu; bidii pick out, kuchagua
persevere, persist, kudumu pick up, kuokota
kuendelea bila kuchoka pickle, i matata; 2 kupika
person, mtu achali
personal, -a mwenyewe tu pickles, achali
personnel, jamii ya watumishi pickpocket, poketimani(ma)
perspective, kitu kinavyoone- picnic, mandari
kana kikitazamwa toka mbali pictorial, -enye picha nyingi
PIC 151 POI
picture, picha; sanamu plain, i tambarare; 2 dhahiri;
picturesque, -a kupendeza ma- 3 bila mapambo
cho plaintiff, mdai
pie, nyama au matunda katika plait, ukili(k); shupatu(ma); ku-
pastry suka; kusokota
piece, kipande plan, ramani; shauri(ma); mpa-
pier, gati itokezayo baharini ngo; kuazimia
pierce, kutoboa; kupenya plane, i randa; kupiga randa;
nguruwe 2 eropleni
pigeon, njiwa planet, sayari
pigeon-hole, daka(ma) plank, ubao(mb)
pile, chungu; kupanganya plant, mmea; kupanda
pilfer, kuiba kidogo kidogo plantation, shamba(ma)
pilgrim, mhaji plaster, lipu; kandiko(ma); ku-
pilgrimage (make a), kuhiji; piga lipu kukandika
;

kuzuru mahali patakatifu plate, sahani

pill, kidonge cha dawa platform, jukwaa(ma); sakafu
pillar, nguzo ya stesheni
pillow, mto play, mchezo; kucheza
pillow-case, mfuko wa mto player, mchezaji
pilot, rubani(ma) plea, maombi
pimple, dutu(ma) plead, kuleta hoja
pin, pini plead guilty, kukiri kosa
pin-up girl, kisura pleasant, -a kupendeza
pincers, kibano please, kupendeza; tafadhali
pinch, kufinya pleasure, furaha; anasa
pineapple, nanasi(ma) pledge, ahadi; kuahidi; rehani;
pink, -ekundu -eupe kuweka rehani
pint, kibaba plentiful, tele; -ingi
pioneer, mtangulizi plenty, wingi
pious, -tawa pliable, pliant, -a kupindika
pip, kokwa dogo plight, hali mbaya
pipe, i kiko; 2\ 2 bomba(ma); plod, kuenda kwa taabu
plot, i kiwanja; 2 hila; kufanya
3 filimbi
pirate, haramia(ma) wa bahari hila
pistol, bastola pluck, i kuchuma; kunyonyoa;
pit, shimo(ma) 2 moyo wa kiume
kizibo; kuziba
pitch, j lami; -eusi sana; 2 ku- plug,
tupa; kuvurumisha plumage, manyoya ya ndege
pitcher, gudulia plumber, fundi wa mabomba ya
piteous, pitiable, -a kuhuzunisha maji
pitiful, i -enye huruma; 2 -enye
plump, -nene; -nono
kuhuzunisha plunder, kuteka
pitiless, bila huruma plunge, kutumbukiza; kujitupa
pitted (be), kududuka poach, kuiba mawindo
pity* i huruma; 2 jambo la kusi-
poacher, mwizi wa mawindo
kitisha pocket, mfuko wa nguo
placard, tangazo la kubandikwa pod, ganda(ma)
poem, poetry, mashairi
ukutani
placate, kuridhisha poet, mshairi
place, mahali mwahali kuweka
; ;
point, i ncha; 2 jambo(ma); 3 ku-
elekeza kwa kidole
placid, -tulivu
plague, tauni; balaa pointed, iliyochongoka
POI 152 PRA
maana
pointless, bila portable, -a kuchukulika mko-
poison, sumu kutia sumu
;
noni
poisonous, -a sumu porter, mchukuzi
poke, kuchokoa; kuchocha portfolio, i jalada ya kutia
pole, mti, nguzo; mlingoti barua, etc.; 2 uwaziri
north pole ; south pole, ncha ya portion, fungu(ma)
kaskazini ncha ya kusini
;
portrait, picha ya mtu
police, polisi(ma) Portuguese, Mreno
policy, i hati ya bima, etc. position, mahali; hali; cheo
2 maongozi positive, -a hakika
polish, dawa ya kung’arisha; ku- possess, kuwa na
ng’arisha possession, mali; milki
political, -a kuhusu utawala wa possessor, mwenyewe
nchi possibility, yumkini
political party, chama cha siasa be possible, kuwezekana
politics, siasa possibly, labda
polite, -enye adabu post, i nguzo; 2 mahali pa kazi;
politeness, adabu; heshima 3 posta
poll, i kichwa; 2 uchaguzi wa postage, ada ya posta
manaibu postman, mpeleka barua
pollute, kuchafua; kunajisi postmark, chapa ya posta
1
pollution, uchafu; unajisi poster, tangazo la ukutani
pomegranate {tree) mkomama- posterity, vizazi vitakavyokuja
nga; {fruit) komamanga(ma) postpone, postponement, kua-
poly-, -ingi hirisha
polygamy, kuoa wake wawili au pot, chombo; chungu; etc.
zaidi potato, kiazi
pompous, -a kutakabari potent, -a nguvu
pond, ziwa dogo potential, -a kuwezekana baadaye
ponder, kufikiri pothole, shimo refu kishimo
;

ponderous, -zito sana barabarani

pony, farasi mdogo pottery, vyombo vya udongo
pool, kidimbwi pouch, mfuko
poor, maskini poultry, kuku, mbata, etc.
pop, kuzibuka bu! pounce on, kuvamia
popcorn, bisi pound, ratli; pauni; kuponda;
popular, -a kupendwa na watu kutwanga
wengi pour, kumimma
popularity, sifa za watu pour away, kumwaga
populated (be), na poverty, umaskini
kukaliwa
watu powder, unga; poda
population, jamii ya watu wa power, uwezo; mamlaka
mahali fulani powerful, -enye nguvu nyingi
populous, -enye wakaaji wengi powerless, bila nguvu
porch, ukumbi(k) practicable, -a kuwezekana
porcupine, nungu practical, -a kufaa -a busara ;

pore, kinyweleo practically, kwa kweli; karibu

pore over, kukazia mawazo practice, desturi; mazoezi
pork, nyama ya nguruwe practise, i kufanya kazi fulani;
porous, -a kupapa maji 2 kujizoeza
porpoise, pomboo praise, sifa; kusifu
porridge, uji mzito praiseworthy, -a kusifiwa
port, bandari pram, kigari cha mtoto mdogo
PRA 153 PRI

pray, kusali prescription, dawa iliyoagizwa

prayer, sala presence, be present, kuwapo
preach, kuhubiri at present, sasa; siku hizi
preacher, mhubiri present, 1 zawadi; kutoa; 2 -a
For prefix pre see page 82 sasa
precarious, -a hatari presently, baadaye kidogo
precaution, hadhari presentiment, maono ya mbele
precautionary, -a hadhari preserve, preservation, kuhi-
precede, kutangulia fadhi
precedence, utangulizi wa he- preside over, kusimamia
shima president, rais
precedent, jambo la zamani la press, kusonga
kuongoza the press, waandishi wa maga-
preceding, -iliyotangulia zeti
precious, -enye thamani pressing, muhimu; -a haraka
precipice, genge(ma) pressure, mkazo
precipitate, kuhimiza kwa ha- prestige, sifa ya ubora
rara presume, 1 kudhani 2 kuthubutu ;

precis, muhtasari presumption, 1 lililo yamkini;

precise, halisi 2 ujuvi
precision, usawa pretence, uongo
preclude, preclusion, kuzuia pretend, kujifanya; kudanganya
predecessor, mtangulizi pretext, sababu isiyo kweli
predicament, hatari; mashaka pretty, -zuri
predict, kubashiri prevail, kushinda
prediction, ubashiri prevalent, -a kuenea
predominant, i\iyo kuu be prevalent, kuchaga
preface, dibaji prevent, kuzuia
prefer, kupenda zaidi preventative, kitu kinachozuia
preferable, afadhali prevention, zuio(ma)
preference, upendeleo previous, -a kutangulia
preferential, -a kupendelewa prey, mateka
preferment, nyongeza ya cheo price, bei
pregnant (be), kuwa na mimba priceless, -a thamani sana
prejudice, machukio bila sababu prick, kuchoma
ya haki prickle, mwiba
preliminary, -a kutangulia pride, kiburi
kujivunia
premature, kabla ya wakati pride oneself on,
W3(k6 priest, kuhani(ma) kasisi(ma) ;

premeditated, iliyokwisha kuku- primary, -a kwanza

sudiwa prime, -a kwanza; bora
waziri mkuu
premises, nyumba na kiwanja Prime Minister,
chd.kc
primitive, -a zamani za kwanza
I

premium, 1 malipo ya kufanya prince, mwana wa mfalme

bima; 2 ziada princess, binti wa mfalme
premonition, onyo la mbele principal, 1 -kuu; mwalimu
preparation, matengenezo mkuu; 2 rasilmali
preparatory, -a kwanza principally, zaidi hasa ;

principle, kanuni
prepare, kufanya tayari
print, chapa; kupiga chapa
prepay, kulipa mbele
preponderance, wingi zaidi printer, mpiga chapa
preposterous, -a upuzi priority, haki ya kutangulia
prescribe, kuagiza prison, kifungo; gereza(ma)
I
PRI 154 PRO
prisoner, mfungwa project, azimio(ma)
privacy, faragha projectile, kitu cha kurushwa
private, i -a mwenyewe tu; 2 -a prolong, kuongeza urefu
faragha prolonged, -refu
privately, in private, faraghani prominent, -a kutokeza; -a kuju-
privation, dhiki hkana sana
privilege, haki ya mtu fulani promise, ahadi; kuahidi
prize, tuzo; kuthamini promising, -a kutumainiwa
be probable, kuelekea; ya- promote, kuendeleza; kuongeza
mkini cheo
probability, yamkini promotion, nyongeza ya cheo
probably, labda prompt, 1 -epesi; 2 kukumbusha
probation, wakati wa kupimwa maneno
probe, kuchungua promptly, mara moja
problem, matatizo pronounce, kutamka
problematic, si hakika pronouncement, tangazo(ma)
procedure, utaratibu mwenendo
;
pronunciation, matamko
proceed, kuendelea proof, ushahidi
proceedings, mambo yatendwayo prop, nguzo; kuegemeza
proceeds, mapato propaganda, ushawishi
process, njia ya kufuatwa"; kazi , propagate, kuzalisha; kueneza
procession, mafuatano maanda-
;
propel, kusukumia mbele
mano propensity, maelekeo
proclaim, kutangaza proper, -a kufaa
proclamation, tangazo(ma) properly viz uri
,

procrastination, kuahirisha property, mali

procurable, -a kupatikana prophecy, unabii; ubashiri
procure, kupata prophesy, kutoa unabii; kuba-
prodigy, kitu cha ajabu shiri
produce, kutoa; kuzaa prophet, nabii(ma); mbashiri
product, mazao; matokeo ya kazi propitiate, kuridhisha
production, matoleo; ufanyizaji propitiation, kipatanisho
profane, -a kudharau mataka- propitious, -a heri
tifu kutia unajisi
;
proportion, sehemu; kadiri
profess, kuseraa wazi; kujidai proposal, proposition, shaun-
profession, 1 kazi ya elimu; (ma); azimio(ma)
2 ushuhuda propose, kutoa shauri; kuazimu
professor, mwalimu mkuu proprietor, mwenyewe
proffer, kutoa prose, maandiko yasiyo mashairi
proficiency, ustadi prosecute, 1 kuendesha; 2 ku-
proficient, -stadi shtaki kortini
profit, faida prosecution, 1 mfulizo; 2 ushtaki
profitable, -a kuleta faida prosecutor, mshtaki
profound, -a maana Sana prospect, yanayotazamiwa mbele
profusion, wingi prospector, mchunguzi wa ardhi
progeny, wazao ya madini
programme, azimio la mambo prospectus, maelezo mafupi ya
ya kufanyika kampuni, skuli, etc.
progress, maendeleo; kuendelea prosper, kusitawi
mbele prosperity, usitawi
progressive, -a kuendelea mbele prostitute, kahaba(ma); malaya
prohibit, kukataza prostrate, kifudifudi
prohibition, makatazo protect, kulinda
PRO 156 QUA
protection, ulinzi himaya ;
punctual, kwa saa barabara
protest, teto(ma); makatazo; punctuate, kutia vituo
kushuhudia; kutokubali punctuation, vituo
protracted, -a muda mrefu puncture, kitundu; kichomeo;
proud, -enye kiburi kuchoma
be proud of, kuona punish, kuadhibu
fahari
prove, kuthibitisha; kuhakikisha punishment, adhabu
proverb, mithali punt, kuendesha mashua kwa
proverbial, -a kujulikana sana pondo
provide, kuweka tayari pupil, mwanafunzi
provided that, iwapo puppet, mtoto wa bandia
providence, maongozi ya Mungu puppy, mtoto wa mbwa
providential, kwa rehema ya purchase, kununua
Mungu purchases, vitu vilivyonunuliwa
province, jirabo(ma) pure, safi
provisional, -a kitambo purge, purify, kutakasa
provisions, vyakula purity, usafi
provocation, uchokozi purple, urujuani
provoke, kuchokoza purpose, kusudi
prow, omo(ma) gubeti
;
on purpose, makusudi
prowl, kuzungukazunguka kama purse, kifuko cha kutilia fedha
simba pursue, kufuatia; kufukuzia
proximity, ujirani pursuit, ufukuzo
prudence, busara pus, usaha
prudent, -enye busara push, kusukuma
pry, kudadisi put, kuweka
P.S., nyongeza ya barua put off, kuahirisha
psalm, zaburi put on, kuvaa
P.T.O., tazama kwa pili put out, i kutoa; 2 kuzima
puberty, ubalehe be put out, kuudhika
public, waziwazi -a watu
;
put to flight, kukimbiza
the public, watu put up with, kuvumilia
publication, i tangazo(ma) 2 ;
vi- puzzle, kitendawili; kutatanisha
tabu na magazeti pygmy, mbilikimo(-)
public-house, hoteli python, chatu
publicity, maenezi ya habari
publish, kuchapa na kutoa vi- Q
tabu; kutangaza
publisher, mtoa vitabu quack, 1 ayari 2 kulia kama bata
;

pudding, chakula kitamu quadruped, mnyama mwenye

puddle, kidimbwi miguu minne
puff, kupuliza; kutweta quake, kutetemeka
be puffed up, kuringa qualification, sifa ya uwezo
pugnacious, -a kutaka vita qualify, kustahili
pull, kuvuta quality, aina; ubora
pullet, mtoto wa kuku quantity, kiasi
pulp, mseto; kuseta quarantine, kutengwa kwa sa-

pulpit, mimbara babu ya ugonjwa

quarrel, ugomvi; kugombana
pulse, vipigo vya mishipa ya damu
pump, bomba(ma); kuvuta kwa quarry, chimbo(ma); kuchimbua
bomba quarter, 1 robo; 2 mtaa
pumpkin, boga(ma) quarterly, kila miezi mitatu
punch, kupiga ngumi quarters, makao
QUA 156 REA
quash, kutangua; kukomesha rainbow, upindi wa mvua
quay, gati raise, kuinua
queen, malkia raisins, zabibu kavu
queer, -a kigeni rake, jembe la meno
quench, kuzima; kutuliza rally, kusanyiko(ma) ;
kukusa-
query, swali(ma); kuuliza nyika
question, swali(ma) ram, 1 kondoo dume; 2 kushi-
questionable, -a shaka ndilia
queue, kujipanga mstarini ramble, matembezi mashambani
quick, -epesi rampart, boma(ma)
be quick! Upesi! ramshackle, -bovubovu
quickly, upesi ran, see run
quiet, kimya; -tulivu rang, see ring
quit, kuacha ransack, kutafuta kila mahali
be quits, kuwa sawa ransom, ukombozi; kukomboa
quite, kabisa rap, kugotagota
quiver, podo; kutikisika rape, kunajisi mwanamke kwa
quiz, mashindano ya maswali jeuri
quota, fungu la mtu au mtaa rapid, -a kwenda kasi
katika chango rare, adimu
quote, quotation, kutaja manenp rarely, mara chache tu
ya mtu mwingine rash, 1 upele; 2 -jasiri
q.v., rejea rat, panya
rate, 1 mwendo; kadiri; 2 kodi
R at any rate, iwayo yote
rather, 1 afadhali; 2 kidogo si
rabbit, kisungura sana
race, i mashindano ya mbio; ratification, idhini ; thibitisho
kushindana mbio; 2 taifa (ma)
racial, -a kuhusu taifa ratify, kuthibitisha
rack, chanja(-) ratio, uhusiano
racket, 1 kibao cha kuchezea ration, kupimia; kipimo
mpira; 2 makelele; 3 ujanja rational, -enye akili
radiance, mwangaza rations, posho
radiate, kuenea pande zote rattle, kayamba(ma) kutatarika
;

radiation, maeneo ya nuru, joto, ravage, kuteka; kuharibu

etc. ravenous, -enye njaa kuu
radical, -a tangu chini ravine, genge(ma)
radio, redio raw, -bichi
radius, kipimo toka katikati ya ray, mshale wa nuru
duara raze, kuangusha hata chini
raffle, bahati nasibu razor, wembe(ny)
raft, chelezo reach, kufikia
rafter, kombamoyo(ma) react, reaction, kushawishiwa na
rag, 1 kitambaa kibovu 2 mzaha
;
jambo lililotangulia
rage, hasira reactionary, mwenye kupinga
ragged, iliyotatuka maendeleo
raid, shambulio(ma) ;
kushambu- read, reading, kusoma
lia reading printed matter ) somo(ma)
(

rail, reli upapi

;
ready, tayari
railings, kitalu cha nguzo na papi ready-made, -a kutungua
raiment, mavazi real, -a hakika
rain, mm; kunyesha mvua reality, hakika
 ;

REA 167 REF

realize, kutambua recount, 1 kusimulia; 2 kuhesabu
really, kweli, hasa tena
realm, milki recover, recovery, 1 kupata
reap, kuvuna tena; 2 kupata nafuu
reaper, mvunaji recreation, maburudisho; tafrija
rear, i upande wa nyuma; 2 kulea recrimination, lawama(ma)
reason, 1 akili kufikiri 2 sababu recruit, kuandika askari
; ;

maana recruits, askari wapya

reasonable, -a maana; -a haki rectangular, -enye pembe nne za
reassure, kuondoa shaka mraba
rebate, kipunguzi rectify, kusahihisha; kuondoa
rebel, mwasi; kuasi kosa
rebellion, maasi recur, recurrence, kurudia
rebuke, karipio(ma); kukaripia recurrent, -a kurudia mara kwa
recall, 1 kukumbuka; 2 kumwita mara
mtu arudi red-, -ekundu
recapitulate, kurudia kwa ma- red tape, uzuizi wa bure
chache redeem, kukomboa
recede, kurudi, nyuma redemption, ukombozi
receipt, stakabadhi redouble, kuzidisha
receive, kupokea; kupewa redress, njia ya kupata haki
recent, -a siku hizi reduce, reduction, kupunguza
recently, juzi; hivi karibuni redundance, be redundant, ku-
receptacle, chombo cha kuwekea zidi kuliko hesabu inayotakiwa
kitu reed, tete(ma)
reception, baraza; makaribisho reef, mwamba baharini
recess, 1 daka(ma); 2 likizo(ma) reek, kunuka
recipe, maelezo ya upishi reel, 1 kidonge; 2 kulewalewa
recipient, mtu apewaye refectory, mezani
reciprocal, -a .wao kwa wao; refer to, kurejea; kutaja
-ana referee, mwamuzi
reciprocate, kutendeana reference, 1 marejeo; 2 cheti cha
recital, tafrija ya muziki sifa
recitation, masimulizi with reference to, kwa habari ya
recite, kusimulia refine, kutakasa
reckless, -bila uangalifu refinery, kinu cha kufanyizia
sukari v
reckon, kuhesabu kudhani
;

reclaim, kurudishia ardhi hali reflect, reflection, 1 kurudisha

njema nuru; 2 kufikiri
recognition, utambuzi reflector, kioo cha kurudisha nuru
recognize, kutambua reform, reformation, kuondoa
recoil, kurudi nyuma makosa; kutengeneza
recollect, kukumbuka reformatory, nyumba wanamoo-
recollection, ukumbuko ngolewa watoto wakosaji
recommend, kusifu refractory, -kaidi
recommendation, sia njema refrain, 1 kiitikio cha wimbo;
recompense, kutuza; uradhi; 2 kujizuia
kuridhisha
fidia; refresh, kuburudisha
reconcile, kupatanisha refreshment, kiburudisho
reconciliation, upatanisho refrigerator, chombo cha baridi
record, 1 kuandika habari; 2 ki- cha kuwekea chekula
peo cha ubora; 3 sahani ya refuge, kimbilio(ma)
gramafoni take refuge, kukimbilia
REF 158 REP
refugee, mkimbilizi relinquish, kuacha
refuse, refusal, kukataa relish, kufurahia; 2 kitoweo
refuse, takataka, kifusi reluctance, moyo usiotaka
refute, refutation, kukanusha be reluctant, kutotaka
regal, -a kifalme rely on, kutegemea
regale, kufurahisha remain, kubaki; kukaa
regard, kuangalia; kudhania remainder, remains, mabaki;
regarding, kwa habari ya masazo
regardless, bila kujali remand, kurudisha kifungoni
regards, salamu remark, maneno machache; ku-
regiment, jeshi la askari sema
region, wilaya remarkable, -a ajabu; -a maana
register, daftari(ma); orodha ya remedy, dawa
majina remember, kukumbuka
regret, majuto; kujuta remembrance, ukumbuko
regular, -a kawaida; -a taratibu remind, kukumbusha
regularity, utaratibu reminder, ukumbusho
regularly, kwa taratibu remission, masamaha
regulate, kurekebisha remit, 1 kusamehe; 2 kupeleka
regulation, sharti(ma); amri fedha
rehearse, rehearsal, kujizoeza, remittance, fedha iliyopelekwa
kabla ya siku yenyewe remnant, baki(ma)
reign, enzi; kumiliki remonstrance, udaku; onyo(ma)
reimburse, kurudisha gharama remorse, majuto
reinforce, kutia nguvu zaidi remorseless, bila huruma
reinforcements, watu na manu- remote, -a mbali
faa ya kuongeza nguvu remove, removal, kuondoa; ku-
reject, kukataa hamisha
rejoice, kufurahi remunerate, kulipa
rejoicing, furaha; shangwe remuneration, ijara; ujira
rejoin, kurudia; kujibu rend, kurarua
rejoinder, jibu(ma) render, kutoa
relapse, kurudia hali mbaya renew, renewal, kufanya upya
relate, i kuhadithia; 2 kuhusu renounce, renunciation, kuka-
be related, kuhusiana; kuwa na taa
ukoo mmoja renovate, kufanyiza kama kwanza
relation, relative, jamaa renown, sifa
relax, relaxation, kulegea; ku- renowned, mashuhuri
legeza rent, 1 mahali palipopasuka;
relay, kupokea na kupeleka 2 kodi ya nyumba
release, kufungua reorganize, kuratitysha upya
relent, kuacha ukali repair, kutengeneza kitu kibovu
relentless, pasipo huruma repairs, matengenezo
relevant, -a kuhusu reparation, malipo
be relevant, kuhusu repay, kurudisha fedha
reliable, -a kutumainiwa; ma- repeal, kubatilisha
dhubuti repeat, kusema or kufanya tena
reliance, tumaini repetition, marudio
relic, kitu cha zamani kilichobaki repel, kurudisha nyuma; kuchu-
hata sasa kiza
relief, faraja repellent, -a kuchukiza
relieve, kuondoa taabu repent, be repentant, kutubu
religion, dini repentance, toba
REP 159 RET
replace, kuweka badala resolution, 1 uthabiti; 2 shauri
replenish, kujaza tena mkataa
reply, jibu(ma); kujibu resolve, kuyakinia
report, taarifa; ripoti; kuarifu resort, mahali pa kuendea kwa
reporter, ripota(ma); mwandishi matembezi au msaada
repose, mustarehe resource, mahali patokapo msa-
reprehensible, -a kulaumika ada
represent, i kufananisha; 2 ku- resourceful, -enye busara
wakilisha respect, staha; kustahi
representative, naibu(ma) respectable, -stahiki
repress, kutiisha; kuonea respectful, -enye adabu
repressive, -a kutiisha respecting, kwa habari ya;
reprieve, achilio(ma); kuachilia mintarafu
reprimand, lawama; kukemea respiration, respire, kuvuta
reprisal, kisasi pumzi
reproach, lawama; kulaumu respite, pumziko(ma)
reproduce, kuzaa; kufuatisha resplendent, -a fahari
reproduction, uzazi; mfano respond, kuitika
reproof, karipio(ma) response, itikio(ma)
reprove, kukaripia responsibility, madaraka
reptile, jamii ya nyoka na mjusi responsible, -enye madaraka;
republic, jamhuri -aminifu
repudiate, kujitenga na rest, 1 pumziko(ma); kupumzika;
repugnant, -a kuchukiza 2 mabaki
repulse, kuepusha restaurant, hoteli; mkahawa
repulsive, -a kuchukiza restitution, malipo
reputation, sifa restive, restless, pasipo utulivu
request, maombi; kuomba restore, restoration, 1 kuru-
require, 1 kuhitaji; 2 kuamuru disha; 2 kutengeneza
requisition, kutoza kwa nguvu restrain, kuzuia
requite, kulipa mema au ma- restraint, kizuizi
baya restrict, kuwekea mpaka
rescue, kuokoa; kuopoa restriction, sharti ya kuzuia
research, uchunguzi result, matokeo
resemblance, sura moja result from, kutokea
resemble, kufanana na result in, kutokeza
resent, kuchukia resume, kuanza tena
resentful, -enye uchungu resumption, mwanzo mpya
resentment, uchungu resurrection; ufufuo; kiyama
reserve, 1 akiba; kuweka: 2 ri- retail, rejareja
savu; retailer, mchuuzaji
be reserved, 1 kuwekewa; 2 retain, kushika
-nyamavu retaliate, kulipiza kisasi
reside, kukaa retaliation, kisasi
residence, makao; nyumba retard, kukawilisha
resident, mwenyeji retention, kushikilia
residue, baki; mashudu retire, 1 kurudi nyuma; 2 kuacha
resign, resignation, kujiuzulu kcizi

be resigned, kuridhika; kushu- retirement, faragha; mapumziko

kuru retort, kujibu kwa ubishi
resist, kupinga retreat, mahali pa kukimbilia;
resistance, upinzani kurudi nyuma
resolute, thabiti retrench, kupunguza gharama
RET 160 ROT
retribution, mapatilizo rigid, iliyokazana
retrograde, kunidia ya rim, ukingo(k)
hali
nyuma rind, ganda(ma)
retrospective, -a kutazama nyu- ring (rang, rung) kupiga ke-
ma ngele
return, marejeo; kurudi; kurejea ring, pete; duara
reunion, mkutano baada ya ku- ringleader, mtangulizi katika
farakana matata
reveal, kufunua rinse (
clothes ) kusuza; {mouth) ku-
revel in, kufurahia sukutua
revelation, ufunuo riot, ghasia
revenge, kisasi; kulipiza kisasi rioters, wafanya ghasia
revenue, mapato ya Serkali kwa R.I.P., Astarehe kwa amani
kodi, etc. rip, kupasua
reverence, uchaji; staha ripe, -bivu
reverent, -nyenyekevu ripen, kuiva
reverse, upande wa pili kupindua ripple, kiwimbi
;

revert to, kurejea rise (rose, risen) kuinuka; kuu-

review, ukaguzi; kukagua muka
revile, kushutumu; kutukana risk, hatari; kukatarisha
revise, revision, kusahihisha; risky, -a hatari
kujikumbusha masomo rival, mshindani; kushindana
revival, ufufuo river, mto
revive, kuhuisha; kufufua road, njia; barabara
revoke, kutangua roar, ngurumo; kunguruma
revolt, maasi; kuasi roast, kuoka motoni
revolution, i mzunguko; 2 ma- rob, kuibia
geuzi makuu; 3 maasi juu ya robber, mwizi; mnyang’anyi
mtawala robe, vazi(ma); kuvaa
revolve, kuzunguka robin, ndege mwenye kifua che-
revolver, bastola kundu
reward, tuzo; kutuza rock, 1 mwamba; 2 kupembea;
rheumatism, baridi yabis kupembeza
rhino/ceros, kifaru rod, ufito(f)
rhyme, kina rogue, ayari
rhythm, mwendo; mizani roll, kwenda mrama
rib, ubavu(mb) roll along, kufingirika; kufingi-
ribbon, utepe(t) risha
rice, mpunga; mchele; wali roll up, kukunja kwa kuzungu-
rich, tajiri sha
riches, utajiri; mali roll, 1 mkate ;
2 orodha ya majina
rid of (get), kujiondolea; kuachia 3 mdundo
mbali romp, kucheza na kurukamka
riddle, kitendawili roof, mapaa; dari
ride, kupanda baiskeli au mnyama room, chumba
ridge, mgongo; tuta(ma) roomy, -enye nafasi
ridicule, dhihaka root, shina(ma); mizizi
ridiculous, -a kuchekesha rope, kamba
rifle, bunduki rosary, tasbihi
rift,ufa(ny) rose, 1 see rise ; 2 waridi(ma)
right, j -a kuume; 2 -a haki; rosette, shada
3 sawasawa rosy, -ekundu; -zuri
all right! vema! rot, kuoza
 );

ROT 161 SAT

rotate, i kuzunguka; 2 (
crops S
kupangilia
rotation, 1 mzunguko; 2 mapa- sabotage, kuharibu makusudi
ngilio sack, gunia(ma); kuondoa kazini
rotten, -bovu sacred, wakf; -takatifu
rough, -a kuparuza sacrifice, dhabihu kutoa dhabihu ;

round, duara; mviringo sad, -enye huzuni

be round, kuviringana sadden, kuhuzunisha
go round, kuzunguka saddle, kiti cha baiskeli au farasi
turn round, kugeuka sadness, huzuni
rouse, kuamsha; kustusha safe, salama
route, njia safeguard, kinga; kuhifadhi
routine, taratibu ya kila siku; safety, usalama
kawaida sag, kunepa
row, 1 safu; 2 kupiga makasia; said, see say
3 makelele sail, tanga(ma); kutweka tanga
royal, -a kifalme sailor, baharia(ma)
royalty, 1 ujamaa wa mfalme; saint, mtakatifu
2 malipo ya mtunga kitabu sake, ajili
R.S.V.P., Tafadhali lete jibu salad, mboga mbichi; saladi
rub, kusugua; kufikicha salary, mshahara; ujira
rubbish, takataka; upuzi sale, mnada; upunguzi wa bei
rudder, usukani(s) saliva, mate
rude, -enye kukosa adabu salt, chumvi
rudimentary, -a mwanzo tu salutary, -enye faida
rudiments, maarifa ya kwanza salutation, salamu
rug, zulia(ma) salute, kusalimu
ruin/s, magofu; mabomoko; kua- salvage, vitu vilivyookolewa
ngamiza; kuharibu baada ya gharika au moto
rule, kanuni; amri; kutawala salvation, wokovu
as a rule, kwa kawaida same, ile ile kile kile etc.
; ;

ruler, 1 mtawala; 2 rula sample, kiolezo; mfano

rumour, uvumi; fununu sanctify, kutakasa
be rumoured, kuvumika sanction, idhini
run (ran) 1 kwenda mbio; 2 ku- sanctions, matendo ya kuonya
chujuka rangi sanctity, utakatifu
run after, kufuatia mbio sanctuary, mahali patakatifu au
run away, kukimbia; kutoroka pa salama
run down, 1 kupotewa na nguvu sand, mchanga
2 kusingizia sandbank, fungu(ma)
run out of, kuishiwa na sandal, kiatu
rung, 1 see ring; 2 kipandio cha sane, -enye akili timamu
ngazi sang, see sing
rupture, kuvunja sanitary, -a kutunza afya
rural, -a mashambani sanitation, maangalizi ya afya
rush, kikaka; kuenda kasi na usafi
rushes, matete sanity, akili timamu
rust, kutu sap, utomvu
rustle, mchakacho; kuchakari- sapling, mti mchanga
sha sarcasm, maneno machungu
rut, mfuo wa magurudumu nji- sardines, dagaa
ani sash, mshipi
ruthless, pasipo humma Satan, Shetani
SAT 162 SEC
satchel, shanta; mkoba science, elimu; sayansi
satellite, kizunguka-dunia; ki- scissors, mkasi
fuasi scold, kukaripia
satire, dhihaka scoop, kukomba
satirical, -a dhihaka scope, eneo(ma); nafasi
satisfaction, ridhaa scorch, 1 kuunguza; 2 kuende-
satisfactory, -a kufaa sha kasi
satisfy, kuridhisha; kutosheleza score, korija; kuandika bao
saturate, kulowesha kabisa scorn, dharau; kudharau
Saturday, Jumamosi scornful, -bezi
sauce, mchuzi scorpion, nge
saucepan, sufuria scoundrel, mlaghai
saucer, kisahani scourge, mjeledi; maafa; kupiga
saunter, kutembea polepole scout, mpelelezi; skauti; kupele-
savage, -kali leza
save, i kuokoa; 2 kuweka akiba scrap, kipande kidogo
savings, fedha iliyowekwa scrape, kuparuza
saviour, mwokozi scrape through, kufaulu kwa
savoury, -a kukolea vema shida
saw, 1 see see; 2 msumeno scratch, mtai; kupiga kucha; ku-
sawdust, unga wa mbao kuna
say (said) kusema scrawl, scribble, kuandika vi-
say to, kuambia baya; kuchorachora
scaffold, jukwaa(ma) scream, screech, kiyowe; kulia
scald, kuunguza kwa maji ya kwa nguvu
moto screen, 1 kiwambo; kusetiri;
scale, 1 kipimio; 2 gamba(ma) 2 kuchunguza sana
scales, mizani screw, skrubu
scan, kutazama scribble, see scrawl
scandal, aibu; machongezi Scripture, Maandiko Matakatifu
scandalize, kuchukiza scrub, kusugua kwa burashi
scandalous, -a kuchukiza scruple, shaka
scanty, haba scrupulous, -angalifu sana
scar, kovu scrutinize, kuchunguza
scarce, haba scrutiny, uchunguzi
scarcely, kwa shida scuffle, kububurushana
scarcity, uchache sculptor, mchora mawe
scare, kutisha sculpture, sanamu ya kuchora
scarecrow, kitisha-ndege scum, povu
scarlet, rangi nyekundu scythe, mundu mkubwa
scatter, kutapanya sea, bahari
be scattered, kutapanyika sea -level, usawa wa bahari
scene, scenery, sura ya nchi; seal, 1 muhuri; kutia muhuri;
mandhari 2 mnyama wa bahari
scent, harufu; marashi search, kutafuta
sceptical, -enye shaka searchlight, kurunzi
sceptre, fimbo ya kifalme season, 1 majira ya mwaka; 2 ku-
scheme, mpango koleza chakula
scholar, 1 mtaalamu; 2 mwana- seasonable, -a kupatana na wa-
funzi kati
scholarship, 1 elimu ya juu; seasoning, kiungo cha chakula
2 tuzo ya kulipiwa masomo seat, kiti
school, chuo; shule secede, kujitoa katika ushirika
SEC 163 SEW
secluded, -a faragha sensation, ushangao; maono
seclusion, faragha sensational, -a kushangaza
second, i nukta; 2 -a pili sense, akili; maana
secondary, -a cheo cha pili common -sense, busara
secondhand, si mpya sensible, -a busara
secondrate, hafifu sensitive, upesi wa kuchomwa
secrecy, faraghani moyo
secret, siri sensual, -a kuamsha tamaa
secretary, karani(ma) sent (be), kutumwa; kupele-
secrete, kuficha kewa
secretly, kwa siri sentence, 1 hukumu kukata hu-
;

sect, madhehebu kumu 2 fungu la maneno

;

section, mkato; sehemu sentimental, -enye moyo mwa-

secular, -a kuhusu ulimwengu nana
huu sentry, askari wa zamu mlinzi ;

secure, salama separate, mbalirnbali; kutenga;

security, usalama kuachana
sedative, dawa ya kutuliza separation, kuachana
sediment, mashudu sepulchre, kaburi(ma)
seduce, kutongoza: kupotoa sequel, matokeo; mwisho
see (saw, seen) kuona; kufahamu sequence, ufuatano
seed, mbegu; mzao seraph, malaika
seedling, mche serene, -tulivu
seek, kutafuta serenity, utulivu
seem, kuonekana serf, mtumwa
seemly, -zuri sergeant, sajini
seen (be), kuonekana serial, -a kufuatana kwa utara-
seesaw, pembea tibu
segregate, segregation, kuba- series, mfululizo
gua serious, -a maana; -enye fikira
seize, seizure,kukamata; kushi- sermon, mahubiri
kilia serpent, nyoka
seldom, mara chache servant, mtumishi
select, kuchagua serve, kutumikia; kufaa
selection, vitu vilivyochaguliwa service, kazi; ibada
self, nafsi; -enewe; -ji- serviceable, -a kufaa
self- assertion, kujitanguliza servitude, utumwa
self-confidence, kujitegemea session, kipindi cha mkutano
self-control, kujiweza set, 1 kuweka 2 kuchwa jua
;

self-importance, majivuno settle, 1 kutuliza; 2 kukata

self-respect, kujistahi shauri; 3 kukaa mahali
self-same, ile tie settlement, makao
self-service store, duka la kuji- settlers, masetla;
wageni
hudumia wenyewe seven, saba
selfish, -enye choyo seventeen, kumi na saba
self will, ukaidi
seventy, sabini
sell (sold) kuuza
sever, kukata
semblance, dalili; ufananaji several, -ingi kidogo; baadhi ya
semi-, nusu severe, -kali
send (sent) kupeleka; kutuma severity, ukali
send back, kurudisha sew, kushona
senior, mkubwa kwa umri au cheo sewage,
maji machafu ya nyu-
seniority, utangulizi mbani na mjini
SEW 164 SIG

sewer, bomba la kuchukulia maji shoddy, hafifu

hnachafu shoe, kiatu
shabby, -a kuchakaa shook, see shake
shade, shadow, kivuli; kutia shoot (shot), 1 kupiga bunduki;
kivuli 2 kuchipuka
shake (shook, shaken) kutikisa; shooting star, kimwondo
kutikisika shop, duka(ma)
shaky, -a kutikisika shopkeeper, mwenye duka
shallow (maji) machache shoplifting, kuiba vitu dukani
sham, -a uongo shore, pwani
shame, aibu; kuaibisha short, -fupi; -pungufu
a shame, si haki shortcomings, ukosefu
shameful, -a kuaibisha shorten, kufupisha; kupunguza
shampoo, kuosha nywele shorthand, mwandiko wa kukata
shape, umbo(ma); namna shorthanded, bila watu wa ku-
share, fungu(ma); kugawa; ku- tosha
shiriki shortly, baadaye kidogo
shareholder, mshiriki mali ya shortsighted, -a kuweza kuona
kampuni vya karibu tu
shark, papa short-tempered, -a hamaki
sharp, -kali; -erevu shot, 1 see shoot; 2 marisaa
sharpen {knife, etc.) kunoa; ( pen- shoulder, bega(ma)
cil kuchonga shout, kupiga kelele
shatter, kuvunja vipande vipande shove, kusukuma
shave, kunyoa shovel, sepeto(ma)
she, yeye (mwanamke) show, onyeshano(ma) tamasha;
;

sheaf, mganda kuonyesha

shear, kukatamanyoya yakondoo show off, kupiga mikogo kuringa ;

shears, mkasi mkubwa shower, manyunyu

sheath, ala(ny); kifuniko shrink (shrank, shrunk) ku-
shed, kibanda nywea; kurudi
sheep, kondoo shrink from, kutotaka
sheet {bed) shuka; {paper) kara- shrivel, kukauka; kusinyaa
tasi shroud, saanda
shelf(ves), rafu; kibao shrub, mti mfupi
shell, kombe na kome za pwani; shudder, kutetemeka
ganda gumu; kumenya shun, kuepuka
shelter, kimbilio(ma); kifuniko shunt, kusogeza
shepherd, mchungaji shut, kufunga, kufumba
shield, ngao; kinga; kulinda; shutters, mbao za dirisha
kusetiri shy, -enye haya
shift, kusogeza; zamu ya kazi shyness, haya
shine (shone) kung’aa sick, mgonjwa
ship, meli; chombo sickle, mundu
shipwreck, kuvunjika meli sickness, ugonjwa
shirk, kuepuka kazi side,upande
shirt, shati(ma) sideways, kwa upande; kimba-
shiver, kutetemeka vumbavu
shoal, i kundi la samaki; 2 maji siding, njia ya kando
haba siege, mazingiwa ya vitani
shock, kishindo; mshtuko; ku- sieve, chekecheke
fadhaisha sieve, sift, kuchekecha
shocking, -a kuchukiza sigh, kuhema
SIG 165 SLI

sight, uoni sixteen, kumi na sita

sign, i dalili; alama; 2 kutia sixty, sitini
sahihi size, ukubwa; kipimo
signal, ishara; kionyo; kuashiria; skate, kuteleza juu ya barafu
kuonya skein, f undo la uzi kataa ;

signature, sahihi skeleton, mifupa ya mwili

significance, maana sketch, picha iandikwayo upesi
significant, -enye maana skid, kuteleza
signify, kuonyesha maana fulani skilful, -stadi; -bingwa
silage, majani mabichi ya silo skill, ustadi; ubingwa
silk, hariri skim, 1 kuengua; 2 kusoma juu-
silly, -jinga; -puzi juu
silo, shimo la kutengenezea cha- skin, ngozi; ganda(ma)
kula cha ng'ombe skip, kurukaruka
silver, fedha skipper, nahodha; kapiteni(ma)
similar, -a kufanana skirt, shuka ya kike
similarity, ufanani skit, kiigo cha kuchekesha
similarly, vilevile skull, fuu la kichwa
similitude, mfano sky, mbingu; anga
simmer, kuchemka polepole sky-blue, samawati
simple, rahisi bila mambo mengi skyscraper, jengo lenye orofa
;

simplification, simplify, kufa- nyingi

nya rahisi slab, bamba(ma)
simulate, simulation, kujifa- slack, -legevu; -a kulegalega
nya; kuiga be slack, kulegea
simultaneous, sawia; palepale slacken, kulegeza
8 in, dhambi slam, kushindika kwa kishindo
since, tangu tokea
;
slander, masingizio; kusingizia
sincere, -nyofu slang, maneno ya kutumika ka-
sincerely, kwa moyo tika maongezi tu
sincerity, unyofu kweli ;
slanting, mshazari; -a kwenda
sinful, -enye dhambi upande
8ing(sang, sung) kuimba slap, kupiga kofi
singer, mwimbaji slapdash, -a purukushani
single, moja tu; peke yake slash, kukatakata
singly, moja moja slate, kigae cha kuezekea; kibao
singular, -a peke yake cha kuandikia
singularity, tofauti slaughter, kuchinja
sinister, -a shari slave, mtumwa
sink, kuzama slavery, utumwa
sink in, kutopea slay, kuua
sinner, mwenye dhambi sledge, sleigh, gari ya kuteleza
sip, kionjo kunywa kidogo kidogo
;
bila gurudumu
sir, bwana sleep (slept) kulala usingizi
sisal, katani be sleepy, kusinzia
sister, dada be sleepless, kuwa macho
sister-in-law, shemeji sleeve, mkono wa nguo
sit, kukaa; kuketi
slender, -embamba
site, kiwanja; mahali slice, ubale(mb); kipande che-
sitting-room, sebule mbamba
situation, mahali; hali'; mambo slide, kuteleza
yahvyo slight, madhili; -dogo
six, sita slightly, kidogo
SLI 166 SOL
slim, -embamba snapshot, picha iliyopigwa kwa
slime, tope la kunata kamera
sling (slung) kombeo(ma); mwe- snare, tanzi(ma) kunasa ;

leka; kuvurumisha snarl, kutoa ukali

slink, kwenda kisirisiri snatch, kunyakua
slip, kuteleza; kuponyoka sneak, kuenda kifichifichi; ku-
slipper, kiatu chongea
slippery, -enye utelezi sneer, kudharau
slipshod, -a knpurukusha sneeze, kupiga chafya
slit, kupasua; kuchana sniff, kuvuta puani
slope, mtelemko; kutelemka snip, kukata kidogo kwa mkasi
sloping, -a kwenda upande snob, mpenda makuu
slot, tundu jembamba snore, kukoroma usingizini
slothful, -vivu snort, (animals) kukoroma
slovenly person, mkoo snout, pua ya mnyama
slow, -kokotevu si -epesi
;
snow, theluji
slowly, polepole snub, kukatiza kwa dharau
slug, koa uchi snuff, ugolo
sluggard, mvivu so, hivi; sana; kwa hiyo
slum, mtaa mchafu wenye nyu- so that, ili
mba mbovn soak, kulowesha
slumber, usingizi kulala usingizi soap, sabuni
;

slump, mshuko wa bei wa gha- soar, kuruka juu angani

fula sob, kulia kwa kwikwi
sly, -enye hila sober, -a kiasi; -enye busara; si
slyly, kwa hila mlevi
small, -dogo sociable, -kunjufu
smallpox, ndui social, -a urafiki
smart, i malidadi; 2 -epesi; social centre, jumba la starehe
2 kuchochota society, 1 urafiki; 2 chama; shi-
smash, kuvunja kabisa rika
smear, kupaka socket, tundu la kushikia kitu
smell, harufu; kunusa; kunuka soda, magadi
(bad); kunukia (sweet) soft, -ororo; -teketeke
smile, kuchekelea soften, kulainisha
smith, mhunzi udongo; kuchafua
soil,
smoke, moshi; kutoa moshi; ku- sojourn, kukaa kwa muda
vuta tumbako solace, faraja; kufariji
smooth, laini solar, -a jua
smother, kusonga roho kufunika sold, see sell
;

smoulder, kuwaka kidogo tu be sold, kuuzwa

smudge, waa(raa) solder, lehemu; kulehemu
smuggle, kuingiza kwa siri soldier, askari
smuggler, mpenyezi sole, 1 -a peke yake; 2 wayo(ny)
smuts, masizi solemn, -a kuheshimiwa
snack, chakula kidogo solicit, 1 kuomba; 2 kubemba
snag, kizuizi solicitor, mwanasheria
snail, konokono(ma) solid, imara; -gumu
snake, nyoka solitary, -a peke yake
snap, kukatika; kualika solitude, upweke: faragha
snap at, kung’akia; kusema kwa soluble, -a kuyeyuka
hamaki solution, j myeyusho; 2 ufu-
snap up, kushikilia upesi mbuzi
SOL 167 SPI
solve, kufumbua speak (spoke, spoken) kusema,
solvent, dawa ya kuyeyusha kunena
be solvent, kutofilisika speaker, mwenye kusema
sombre, -a kuondoa furaha spear, mkuki
some, -ingine; baadhi ya special, maalum -a peke yake
;

somebody, someone, mtu (sijui specialist, mtaalamu katika kazi

nani) fulani; daktari mkuu
somehow, kwa njia yo yote specialize, kufuata elimu ya
something, kitu (sijui nini) namna moja
sometimes, mara kwa mar a specially, hasa; zaidi
somewhere, mahali (sijui wapi) species, aina
son, mwana specific, 1 dhahiri; 2 -a kuainisha;
son-in-law, mkwe 3 dawa maalum
song, wimbo(ny) specification, taarifa ya kuaini-
soon, sasa hivi sha
soot, masizi kupambanua; kutaja
specify, sa-
soothe, kutuliza wasawa
sorceror, mchawi specimen, kiolezo
sorcery, uchawi speck, kiwaa kidogo
sordid, -chafu speckled, -enye mawaa
sore, kidonda spectacle, jambo la kutazamisha
be sore, kuuma spectacles, miwani
sorely, sana spectacular, -a kutazamisha
sorrow, huzuni spectator, mtazamaji
be sorry, kusikitika speculate, kukisia; kubahatisha
sort, namna; aina speculation, mabahatisho ya
sort out, kuainisha; kupanga fedha
S.O.S., wito wa kutaka msaada speech, usemi; lugha; hotuba
soul, roho be speechless, kuduwaa
sound, i sauti; 2 -zima speed, 1 kadiri ya mwendo;
soup, mchuzi kwenda mbio
2
sour, -chungu speedily, kwa haraka
source, asili; mwanzo speedometer, mtambo wa kupi-
south, kusini mia mwendo-
southern, -a kusini speedy, -a haraka
souvenir, kumbukumbu spell, spelling, kuendeleza herufi
sovereign, mfalme za neno
sow, nguruwe jike kupanda
;
cast a spell, kutabana
fnbegu spend, kutumia fedha au nafasi
sower, mpandaji sphere, umbo la mpira; mazingira
space, 1 nafasi; 2 anga za juu spice, bizari, basibasi, dalasini,
spacious, -enye nafasi; -kubwa etc.
spade, jembe la kizungu spider, buibui
spanner, koleo spider’s web, utando(t)
spare, -a akiba; kutoa; kuachilia spike, ncha kali ya chuma
spark, cheche spill, kumwaga; kuangusha
sparkling, -a kumetameta spin, kusokota uzi; kuzunguka
sparse, haba vuru
spasm, mshtuko bidii ya kipindi spine, uti wa mgongo
;

spasmodic, mara kushika, mara spinster, mwanamke asiyeolewa

kuacha spire, mnara uliochongoka juu
spawn, mayai ya samaki; kutoa spirit, 1 roho; pepo; 2 mvinyo
mayai spiritual, -a kiroho
SPI 168 STA
spit, kutema mate squeal, kulia kama watoto wa
spite, chuki nguruwe
in spite of, ingawa; ijapokuwa squeeze, kukamua
spiteful, -a chuki squint, makengeza
splash, kurusha maji squirt, kupuliza maji kwa ki-
splendid, -zuri sana bomba
splendour, fahari stab, kuchoma mkuki
splice, kuunganisha stability, imara
splint, gango(ma) stabilize, kuimarisha
splinter, kibanzi stable, 1 imara; 2 banda(ma);
split, kupasua; kuchana zizi(ma)
spoil, nyara; kuteka; kuharibu stack, chungu ya majani, kuni,
spoke, i see speak; 2 tindi(ma); etc.; kupanganya
taruma(ma) staff, 1 fimbo; 2 jamii ya wafanya
spokesman, msemaji kwa ajili ya kazi
wenzake stage, jukwaa; mwendo kati ya
sponge, sifongo kituo na kituo
spongy, yavuyavu stagger, kupepesuka
sponsor, mdhamini staggering, -a kushangaza
spontaneous, kwa hiari ;
bila stagnant water, maji yanayolala
ushawishi ,stagnate, kukosa maendeleo
spoon, mwiko; kijiko stain, waa(ma); kutia waa
sport, michezo; kuwinda stainless, bila waa; isiyoshika
spot, 1 doa(ma); kipele; 2 mahali kutu
spotless, safi kabisa staircase; stairs, ngazi ya nyu-
spouse, mume; mke mbani
spout, mdomo wa chombo stale, -kavu; -bovu
sprain, kutegua; kuteguka stalk, kikonyo; kunyatia
sprawl, kutandawaa stall, 1 meza ya kuwekea bidhaa;
spray, marasharasha kunyunyiza
;
2 zizi
spread, kuenea; kueneza; kupaka stammer, kigugumizi kugugu- ;

sprig, kitawi miza

spring, 1 ( England ) miezi March- stamp, 1 tikiti ya posta; 2 ku-
May; 2 chemchemi; 3 mtambo chapua miguu
spring (sprang, sprung) ku- stampede, makimbizi ya ghafula
ruka stand, kusimama
sprinkle, kunyunyiza standard, kanuni ya ubora
sprout, kuchipuka standardize, kuweka kanuni ku- ;

sprung, see spring fuata kanuni

spur, 1 kichocheo 2 mahali pana- staple, -enye maana zaidi
;

potokeza star, nyota

spurious, -a uongo starch, wanga; kutia wanga
spurn, kukataa kwa dharau stare, kukaza macho
spurt, mbio za ghafula; bubujiko start, mwanzo; kuanza; kuanzi-
la ghafula sha
spy, mpelelezi; kupeleleza startle, kustusha
squabble, kubishana startling, -a kustusha
squad, kundi dogo la askari starvation, njaa kali
squalid, -chafu; duni starve, kudhoofika kwa njaa
squander, kupoteza mali state, 1 Serkali; 2 hali
square, mraba statement, taarifa
squash, kuponda; kusonga statesman, mwenye rai katika
squeak, kulia kama panya mambo ya Serkali
STA 169 STR
station, kituo; cheo; kuweka stockings, soksi ndefu
mahali stodgy, -zito
stationary, -a kusimama stoical, -vumilivu
stationery, vifaa vya kuandika stoke, kutia makaa
statistics, maelezo kwa hesabu stolen, see steal
statue, sanamu iliyochorwa be stolen, kuibiwa
stature, kimo stomach, tumbo(ma)
statute, amri stone, jiwe(mawe); {of fruit)
staunch, thabiti; kuzuia damu kokwa(ma)
stay, kukaa kwa muda stood, see stand
steadfast, steady, imara, thabiti stool, kiti kifupi
steal (stole, stolen) kuiba; kwe- stoop, kninama
nda kimya stop, kituo; kikomo; kusimama,
stealthy, -a siri kusimamisha; kukoma, kuko-
steel, chuma cha pua mesha
stop up, kuziba
steep, i -a kuinuka ghafula; 2 ku-
lowesha stopgap, badaia(ma) funika- ;

steer, kushika usukani; kuongoza pengo

stem, shina(ma) stopper, kizibo
stench, uvundo store, akiba; ghala(ma); du-
step, hatua; daraja(ma) ka(ma); kuweka akiba
sterile, tasa, gumba storey, orofa
sterilize, kufisha vijidudu vya stork, korongo(ma)
ugonjwa storm, dhoruba
sterling, 1 fedha ya Kiingereza;story, hadithi
2 -a kuaminiwa stout, -nene
stern, 1 -kali; 2 shetri stove, jiko(meko)
stew, kutokosa stow, kupakiza mizigo
steward/ess, mtumishi wa abiria stowaway, mjificha melini
stewardship, maangalizi ya mali straggler, mtangatanga
ya watu straight, sawa; -a kunyoka
stick, 1 fimbo; 2 kunata straighten, kunyosha
sticky, -a kunata strain, 1 kuvuta kwa nguvu;
stiff, -gumu 2 kuchuja; kichujio
stifle, kusonga strand, 1 jino la kamba 2 ufukoni;

stigma, aibu be stranded, kupwelewa; kua-

stile, daraja ya kuvukia kitalu chwa katika shida
still, 1 -tulivu; 2 hata strange, -a kigeni
lakini;
sasa stranger, mgeni
stillness, shwari strangle, kunyonga
stimulant, stimulus, kichocheo strap, 'ukanda(k)
stimulate, kuchochea; kutia stratagem, werevu
nguvu strategy, maarifa ya vita
sting, kuuma kama nyuki straw, mbua kavu za nafaka
stingy, -nyiminyimi stray, kupotea njia
stink, kuvunda streak, mlia
stipulate, kuweka masharti stream, kijito
stipulation, sharti(ma) street, njia ya mji
stir, kukoroga strength, nguvu
stir up, kuvuruga; kuchochea strengthen, kuongeza nguvu
stitch, kushona strenuous, -gumu
Stock, akiba stress, mkazo; kukaza
stockade, boma(ma) stretch, kunyosha
STR 170 SUL
stretcher, machela kuchu- subsequent, -a baadaye
ya
kuliamgonjwa subside, kushuka; kupungua
strew, kutawanya chini subsidize, kusaidia kwa fedha
strict, -kali subsidy, fedha ya msaada
stride, hatua ndefu subsist on, kuponea
strife, ugomvi subsistence, maishilio
strike, i pigo(ma); kupiga; 2 substance, kitu
mgomo; kugoma substantial, -a hakika; -a
string, uzi; kigwe maana
stringent, -a mkazo substantiate, kuthibitisha
strip, kipande chembamba; cha- substitute, substitution, kutia
ne; kuondoa; kuvua badala
stripe, mlia subterranean, chini ya nchi
striped, -enye milia subtract, kutoa
strive, kujitahidi suburb, kiunga
stroke, 1 pigo(ma); 2 kupapasa suburban, -a kiungani
stroll, kutembea polepole subversion, upinduzi
strong, -a nguvu subvert, kupindua
stronghold, ngome succeed, 1 kufaulu; 2 kufuata
structure, muundo; jengo(ma) success, sudi
struggle, kushindana; kufanya» successful, -enye kufaulu
jitihada succession, mafuatano
stubborn, -kaidi successive, -a kufuatana
student, mwanafunzi successor, mrithi; mwenye ku>
study, kujifunza; kuchungua fuata
stuff, 1 kitambaa; 2 kujaza succour, msaada; kusaidia
stuffing, kitu cha kujazia succumb, kushindwa
stumble, kujikwaa such, -a namna hiyo
stumbling-block, kikwazo such as, kama
stump, kigutu suck, kufyonza; kunyonya
stun, kuzimisha akili; kuduwaza suckle, kunyonyesha
be stunned, kuzimia; kuduwaa suction, mfyonzo
stunted (be), kuvia sudden, -a ghafula
stupefy, kuduwaza sue, kudai
stupid, -pumbavu suffer, kuumwa; kupatwa na
stupidity, upumbavu suffering, maumivu
sturdy, -a nguvu suffice, kutosha
stutter, kigugumizi: kugugumiza sufficient, -a kutosha
sty, banda la nguruwe suffocate, suffocation, kuzuiwa
style, mtindo pumzi
sub, chini ya suffrage, haki ya kuchagua madi-
subdue, subject, subjugate, ku- wani kwa kura
tiisha sugar, sukari
subject, 1 raia; 2 jambo; kisa sugarcane, muwa(miwa)
submarine, chini ya bahari suggest, kutoa shauri
submerge, kuzamisha suggestion, shauri(ma)
submission, utii suggestive, -a kufikirisha
submit to, kutii; kuvumilia suicide, kujiua
subordinate, -a chini suicidal, -a kuleta hasara kubwa
subscribe, kutoa fedha kwa suit, kufaa
gazeti, etc. suitable, -a kufaa
subscription, malipo ya gazeti, sulk, kununa
etc. sulky, -kimwa
 ;

SUL 171 SWE

sulphur, kiberiti surety, dhamana
sultry, -a hari surf, povu ya mawimbi
sum, jumla surface, uso; upande wa nje
summarily, bila kukawia surfeit, kinaya
summarize, kufupisha be surfeited, kukinaishwa
summary, muhtasari surge, kuumuka
summer, ldangazi surgeon, daktari wa kupasua
summit, kilele; upeo surgery, kazi ya kupasua; afisi ya
summon, kualika daktari
summons, mwaliko kortini surmise, kudhani
sun, jua(ma) surmount, kusliinda
Sunday, Jumapili surname, jina la ukoo
sundry, kadha wa kadha surpass, kushinda
sung, see sing surplus, ziada
sunrise, mapambazuko; kucha surprise, jambo lisilotazamiwa
sunset, kuchwa; machweo kushangaza
sunshine, jua surrender, kujitoa
super, bora surreptitious, -a siri

superb, -zuri kabisa surround, kuzunguka

supercilious, -a kiburi surroundings, mazingira
superficial, -a juujuu survey, kutazama; kuaua
superfluity, mazidio surveyor, bwana pima
superfluous, -a zaidi survival, survive, kupona katika
superintend, kuangalia hatari
superintendence, maangalizi survivor, mwenye kuokoka
superintendent, mwangalizi susceptible, -epesi wa kupatwa
superior, bora suspect, kushuku
superiority, ubora suspend, 1 kutundika; 2 kuacha
supernatural, si ya ulimwengu kwa muda
huu suspense, mashaka
superstition, ibada ya ujinga suspension, kuachwa kwa muda
supervise, kuangalia suspicion, shaka
supervision, maangalizi suspicious, -enye kushuku
supper, chakula cha jioni sustain, 1 kutegemeza 2 kupatwa
;

supplant, kutwaa makali pa na

supplement, nyongeza sustenance, riziki
supplementary, -a kuongeza swab, pamba au kitambaa cha
supplication, maombi kupangusia
supplies, vyakula; manufaa swagger, kuranda
supply, kutoa; kuruzuku swallow, 1 mbayuwayu; 2 ku-
support, i tegemeo(ma); kutege- meza
meza; 2 msaada; kusaidia swam, see swim
suppose, kudhani; kukisi swamp, bwawa(ma)
supposing, ikiwa swampy, -a matope
supposition, wazo(ma) swan, ndege mkubwa wa maji
suppress, suppression, kuko- swarm, kundi la wadudu; ku-
mesha; kushinda songamana
supremacy, enzi kuu sway, kuwayawaya
supreme, juu ya yote swear, kuapa
supremely, sana mno swear at, kulaani; kutukana
sure, -a hakika sweat, jasho; kutoa jasho
make sure, kuhakikisha sweep, kufagia
surely, bila shaka sweep up, kuzoa
SWE 172 TAS
sweepstake, mchezo wa bahati tadpole, mtoto wa chura
r
nasibu tail, mkia
sweet, -tamu tailor, mshona nguo
sweetheart, mchumba taint, uvundo
sweetness, utamu take (took, taken) kutwaa
swell (swelled, swollen) kuvi- take after, kufanana na
mba; kuumuka take away, kuondoa
swelling, kivimbe take care, kuangalia
swerve, kuepa take fright, kuogopa
swift, -epesi take hold, kushika
swim (swam, swum) kuogelea take in, 1 kufahamu; 2 kuda-
swindle, kupunja nganya
swindler, ayari take leave, kuaga
swine, nguruwe take off, kuvua
swing, pembea; kuning’inia take out, kutoa
swing arms, kupunga mikono take place, kufanyika
switch, mtambo wa stirau swichi take to, 1 kupenda; 2 kupeleka
;

swollen (be), kuvimba take to pieces, kukongoa

swoop, kurukia take up, kujishughulisha na
swap, kubadili tale, hadithi
sword, upanga(p) ' tell tales of, kuchongea
swum, see swim tale-bearer, mchongezi
syllable, silabi talent, majaliwa; akili
syllabus, muhtasari talented, -elekevu
symbol, dalili talk, maongezi; kuongea
symmetrical, -enye ulinganifu talkative, -enye maneno mengi
sympathetic, -enye huruma tall, -refu
sympathize with, kufariji tally, kuwa sawa
sympathy, faraja tame, kufuga; -pole
symptom, dalili tamper with, kuchezea bila ni-
synagogue, sinagogi(ma) husa
synonymous, -enye maana moja tan, kutia ngozi dawa isioze
synopsis, ufupisho wa habari tangerine, chenza
synthetic, -a kubuniwa; si asilia tangible, -a kugusika
syphilis, kaswende tangle, mtatizo; kutatiza
Syria, Sham tank, tangi(ma)
syrup, asali tanker, meli ichukuayo mafuta
system, utaratibu; mwili tap, 1 bulula; 2 kugotagota;
systematic, -a utaratibu 3 kugema
tape, utepe
T tape-measure, kipimio
tapestry, zulia ya ukutani
table, i meza; 2 orodha tar, lami
taboo, mwiko tardy, -a kukawia
tabulate, kupanga kwa orodha target, shabaha
tacit, bila kusema tariff,orodha ya bei
taciturn, -nyamavu tarnish, kupata kutu
tack (
sailing kubisha; (
sewing ) tarry, kukawia
kushikiza tart, 1 -chungu; 2 matunda na
tackle, 1 vifaa; 2 kushikilia pastry
tacks, misumari midogo task, kazi
tact, busara tassel, kishada
tactics, njia za busara taste, ladha; kuonja
TAS 173 THE
tasteless, chapwa tender, -ororo
tasty, -a kukolea tender-hearted, -enye huruma
tatters, nguo mbovumbovu tense, 1 wakati ( grammar ) 2 iliyo-
;

tattoo, i mdundo; tamasha ya kazwa; -a kufadhaisha

kiaskari: 2 chale tension, kadiri ya mkazo
taught, see teach tent, hema
be taught, kufundishwa tentative, -a kujaribia
taunt, kudhihaki tepid, -a uvuguvugu
taut, iliyokazwa term, muda
tavern, hoteli terminate, kukomesha
tax, kodi termination, mwisho
taxi, taksi terminus, kituo cha mwisho
tea, chai termites, mchwa
teapot, birika ya chai terms, masharti
teach(taught), kufundisha come to terms, kupatana
teacher, mwalimu terrace, mtaro
teaching, mafundisho terrestrial, -a dunia
team, timu terrible, -a kutisha
tear (tore, torn) kutatua terribly, sana
tears, machozi terrific, -kubwa mno
tease, kuchokoza terrify, kutisha
teaspoon, kijiko kidogo territory, nchi
teat, chuchu terror, hofu kuu
technical, -a ufundi test, kujaribu; kupima
tedious, -a kuchosha testament, wusia; agano(ma)
teenager, kijana; msichana testify,kushuhudia
teeth, meno testimonial, barua ya sifa
teethe, kuota meno testimony, ushahidi
telegram, simu tether, kufungasha kwa kamba
telegraph, kupeleka simu text, aya
telephone, simu ya midomo textbook, kitabu cha mafundisho
telescope, darubini ya nyota textiles, vitambaa kwa jumla
tell (told) kuambia; kuarifu than, kuliko
temper, temperament, tabia more than, zaidi ya
lose temper, kukasirika thank, kushukuru
temperance, kiasi thankful, -enye shukrani
temperate, -a kiasi thankfulness, shukrani
temperature, kadiri ya joto thankless, pasipo shukrani
tempest, tufani thanks, thank you, ahsante
temple, hekalu(ma) thanksgiving, ibada ya kushu-
temporal, -a dunia hii kuru
temporarily, kwa muda tu that, -le
temporary, -a kitambo thatch, kuezeka; maezeko
tempt, kushawishi thaw, kuyeyuka barafu
temptation, mvuto theatre, jumba la michezo ya
tempting, -a kutamanisha kuigiza
ten, kumi theft, wizi
tenacious, -a kushikamana their, theirs, -ao
tenacity, nguvu ya kushikamana them, wao
tenant, mpangaji wa nyumba themselves, wao wenyewe
tend, kutunza then, wakati ule; ndipo; kisha
tend to, kuelekea thence, toka huko
tendency, maelekeo thenceforth, tokeapo
THE 174 TIT
theology, elimu ya Dini throb, kupwita
theoretical, -a akili si matendo throne, kiti cha enzi
theory, kisio(ma) throng, msongamano; kusonga-
there, pale; kule; mle mana
thereafter, baada ya hayo through, kupitia
therefore, kwa hiyo throughout, wakati wote
therewith, thereupon, ndipo throw (threw, thrown) kutupa
thermometer, kipima-joto be thrown, kutupwa
these, hawa, hizi, etc. thrust, kusukuma
w ao thud, mshindo
tnlckT-nene thumb, kidole gumba
thicket, kichaka thunder, ngurumo; radi; kupiga
thickness, unene radi
mwivi
thief, mwizi, Thursday, Alhamisi
thimble, subana thus, hivyo
thin, -embamba thwart, kupinga
get thin, kukonda tick, kupe papasi pigo
; ;
la saa
thing, kitu; jambo(mambo) ticket, tikiti
think (thought) kuwaza; ku- tickle, kutekenya
dhani; kufikiri tide, maji kujaa na kupwa
third, -a tatu " ^
tidings, habari
a third, thuluthu tidy, nadhifu; kunadhifisha
thirst, kiu tie, 1 tai; 2 kwenda sare; 3 ku-
thirst for, kuonea shauku funga kwa kamba
thirsty, -enye kiu tier, tabaka; daraja(ma)
thirteen, kumi na tatu tiger, simba wa Bara Hindi
thirty, thelathini tight, -a kukaza
this, huyu, hii, etc. be tight, kubana
thither, huko tighten, kukaza
thorn, mwiba tile, kigae
thorny, j enye miiba; 2 -enye till, 1 kulima; 2 hata; mpaka
matata timber, boriti na mbao
thorough, thoroughly, kamili time, wakati; saa
thoroughfare, barabara be in time, kuwahi
those, wale; zile, etc. times, mara
though, ingawa, ijapo timetable, orodha ya saa
thought, wazo(ma); see think timid, mwoga
thoughtful, -zingativu tin, bati; kopo
thousand, elfu tin-opener, kifungua-kopo
thrash, kupiga tingle, kuchachatika damn
thread, uzi mwembamba tinkle, kulia kama njuga
thread a needle, kutunga uzi tint, tinge, rangi hafifu
threat, tisho(ma) tiny, -dogo sana
threaten, kutisha tip, 1 ncha; 2 bakshishi; 3 kuina-
three, tatu misha
thresh, kupura tip over, kupindua, kupinduka
threw, seethrow tipsy (be), kulewa
thrice, mara tatu tire, kuchosha
thrifty, -wekevu be tired, kuchoka
thriller, hadithi ya kusisimua tiredness, uchovu
thrilling, -a kusisimua tiresome, -a kuchosha
thrive, kusitawi tissue, shashi; tisu
throat, koo; umio title, jina
TIT 175 TRA
title-deed, hati ya kuthibitisha touch, kugusa
uenyeji be in touch with, kuonana mara
to,kwa kwa mara
to and fro, huko na huko touching, -a kutia huruma
toad, chura be touchy, -a kuhamaki
toadstool, uyoga wa sumu tough, -gumu
toast, i mkate uliobanikwa; 2 sa- tour, safari ya hiari kusafiri
;

lamu za karamuni tourist, msafiri wa hiari

tobacco, tumbako tournament, mchezo wa vita
today, leo tow, kuvuta kwa kamba
toe, kidole cha mguu towards, kwenda kwa
together, pamoja towel, kitambaa cha kufutia
toil, kazi ngumu; kujikokota tower, mnara
toilet, i choo; 2 kuvalia town, mji
token, dalili toxic, -a sumu
tolerable, -a kuvumilika toy, kitu cha kuchezea
tolerant, -vumilivu trace, 1, dalili 2 kufuatisha
;

tolerate, kuchukuana na track, njia; nyayo; kuaua nyayo

toll, j ada ya kupita; 2 mlio wa tract, 1 kitabu kidogo; 2 eneo la
kengele ya majonzi nchi
tomato, nyanya tractable, -sikivu
tomb, kaburi(ma) tractor, trakta(ma)
tomorrow, kesho trade, biashara; kazi; kufanya
ton, kiasi cha frasila 64 biashara
tone, sauti trader, mchuuzi
tone down, kupunguza trade-mark, chapa ya bidhaa
tongs, koleo trade union, chama cha wafanya-
tongue, ulimi; lugha kazi
tonic, dawa ya nguvu tradition, mapokeo
tonight, usiku huu traditional, -a tangu zamani
too, kupita kiasi; mno; pia traffic, magari yapitayo bara-
tool, zana ya kazi barani
tooth, jino tragedy, jambo la huzuni kuu
toothbrush, mswaki tragic, -a kuhuzunisha sana
top, 1 upande wa juu; 2 pia trail, utambaazi; alama
topic, jambo linalofikiriwa train, garimoshi; kuongoza
topical, -a kuhusu wakati training, mafundisho, mazoezi
torch, kurunzi; tochi traitor, msaliti
tore, see tear tramp, mtangatanga
torment, mateso; kutesa trample, kukanyaga
torn (be), kutatuka tranquil, -tulivu
tranquillity, utulivu
tornado, kimbunga
tranquillize, kutuliza
torpedo, topito
torpid, kimya kama mfu trans-, kuvuka
torrent, furiko la maji transact, kufanyana shughuli
tortoise, kobe(ma)
transaction, shughuli
transcription, ku-
tortuous, -a kuzungukazungu- transcribe,
maandiko
fuatisha
kci
torture, mateso makali mno; transfer, kuhamisha
kutesa mno transform, transformation, ku-
geuza kabisa
toss, kurusha juu
total, jumla
transgress, kuvuka mpaka
totter, kutikisika
transgression, dhambi; kosa(ma)
TRA 176 TUM
transition, wakati wa mabadiliko trifling, -dogo
transitory, -a kupita trigger, mtambo wa bunduki
translate, kufasiri trim, nadhifu kusawazisha
;

translation, tafsiri trimming, mapambo; urembo

translator, mfasiri trinity, utatu
transmission, upelekaji trinket, kishaufu
transmit, kupeleka trip, materabezi ya kujifurahisha
transparent, -angavu triple, -tatu pamoja
transpire, kujulikana triplets, watatu kwa uzazi mmoja
transplant, kupandikiza trip over, trip up, kujikwaa
transport, uchukuzi trippers, watembezi katika trip
transpose, kubadilisha mahali triumph, shangwe ya kushinda
trap, mtego; kutega triumphal, triumphant, -enye
trash, vitu hafifu; upuzi shangwe ya kushinda
travel, kusafiri trivial, hafifu
traveller, msafiri; abiria trolley, gari la kusukumwa
traverse, kupitia troop, kikosi
travesty, kiigo cha dhihaka troops, jeshi la askari
trawler, meli ya kuvulia samaki trophy, kumbukumbu la kushinda
tray, sinia; chano tropical, -a joto jingi
treacherous, -danganyifu- tropics, nchi za joto
treachery, usaliti trot, kuenda shoti
tread, kukanyaga trouble, taabu; kusumbua
treason, uhalifu juu ya mtawala troublesome, -sumbufu
treasure, hazina; tunu kutunuka
;
trousers, suruali
treasurer, bwana fedha trousseau, nguo za bibi arusi
treasury, hazina ya serkali truant, mtoro
treat, kutendea; kutibu; karamu; truce, amani ya muda
tafrija trudge, kujikokoteza
treatise, maandiko juu ya habari true, -a kweli
maalumu truly, kwa kweli
treatment, utabibu; jinsi ya ku- trumpet, tarumbeta
tenda truncheon, rungu(ma)
treaty, mkataba wa mapatano trunk, i shina la mti 2 kasha(ma)
;

treble, -a mara tatu trust, imani; kuamini

tree, mti trustee, mdhamini
tremble, kutetemeka trustful, -tumainifu
tremendous, -kubwa sana trustworthy, -aminifu
trench, handaki(ma) truth, kweli
trend, maelekeo truthful, msema kweli
trepidation, tetemeko(ma) try, i kujaribu; 2 kuhukumu
trespass, kuingia bila ruhusa trying, -sumbufu
trial, taabu; kesi tsetse fly, mbung’o
triangle, pembetatu tub, pipa(ma)
tribe, kabila tube, mrija
tribunal, baraza ya hukumu Tuesday, Jumanne
korti tuft, kishungi
tributary, -a chini; -dogo zaidi tug, sitima ndogo; kuvuta kwa
tribute, kodi nguvu
pay tribute to, kusifu tuition, mafundisno
trick, hila; kiinimacho tumble, kuanguka
trickle, kutiririka tumbler, bilauri
trifle, kitu kidogo tu tumour, kivimbe
TUM 177 UND
tumult, msukosuko unalterable, isiyobadilika
tune, tuni; kulinganisha sauti unanimous, kwa umoja
tuneful, -enye sauti nzuri unanswerable, isiyokanikana
tunnel, shimo refu chini ya nchi unanswered, tsiyojibiwa
turban, kilemba unarmed, bila silaha
turbid, -enye matope unashamed, bila haya
turbulent, -a msukosuko unasked, bila kutakiwa
turf, majani mafupi unassisted, bila msaada
turkey, i Turuki; 2 bata mzinga unassuming, -nyenyekevu
turmoil, fujo(ma) unattainable, isiyopatikana
turn, zamu; kugeuka; kuzunguka unavoidable, isiyoweza kuepu-
in turn, kipokeo kwa
take turns, kupokezanya unawares, bila kutazamiwa
turtle, kasa unbearable, isiyovumilika
turtle-dove, hua unbecoming, si -zuri
tusk, pembe unbelief, be unbelieving, kuto-
tussle, kubumburushana sadiki
tutor, mwalimu unbiassed, bila upendeleo
tweezers, kibano unbind, kufungua
twelve, thenashara unbounded, bila mipaka
twenty, ishirini unbusiness -like, bila utaratibu
twice, mara mbili unbutton, kufungua vifungo
twig, kitawi uncanny, -a kutisha
twilight, ukungu wa jioni unceasing, -a daima
twin, pacha uncertain, bila hakika
twine, kitani uncertainty, shaka
twinge, mchomo unchangeable, isiyobadilika
twinkle, kumeremeta uncharitable, bila huruma
twirl, kuzungusha vuru uncivilized, bado kustaarabika
twist, kusokota unclaimed, bado kudaiwa
two, mbili uncle, mjomba; baba mdogo
type, 1 mtindo; 2 herufi za chapa; uncomfortable, bila raha
kuandika kwa taipu uncommon, 1 -a kigeni; 2
typewriter, taipu nadra
typhoon, kimbunga uncomplaining, -vumilivu
tyranny, udhalimu uncompromising, -a kushikilia
tyrant, mdhalimu shauri lake
tyre, mpira wa gurudumu unconcerned, -kavu wa macho
unconditional, bila masharti
U uncongenial, -a kuchukiza
unconnected, bila uhusiano
ugly, -enye sura isiyopendeza unconquerable, tsiyoshindika
ulcer, kidonda unconscious (be), kuzimia; kuto-
ulterior, -a siri ; -a nyuma fahamu
ultimately, mwishowe unconsciously, bila kujua
ultimatum, onyo la mwisho uncontrollable, tsiyozuilika
umbrella, mwavuli unconventional (be) , kutofuata
umpire, mwamuzi kawaida
For un see page 82 i uncultivated, isiyolimwa
unable (be), kutoweza undamaged, isiyopata hasara
unaccustomed (be), kutozoea undated, tsiyotiwa tarehe
unadorned, bila mapambo undaunted, -shupavu
unaided, bila msaada undecided (be), kusitasita
UND 178 UNN
undeniable, isiyokanikana uneven, si sawa
und^r, chini ya unexpected, -a ghafula
be underdone, kutoiva vema unexplained, isiyoelezeka
{meat) unfailing, -a sikuzote
be underfed, kudhoofika kwa unfair, si haki
njaa unfasten, kufungua
undergo (went, gone) kute- unfavourable, -baya
ndewa unfeeling, -enye moyo mgumu
underground, chini ya ardhi unfold, kukunjua
underhand, -enye hila unforeseen, tsiyotazamiwa
underlie (lay, lain) kuwa chini ya unfortunate, -enye bahati mbaya
underline, kupiga mstari chini unfortunately, kwa bahati mbaya
underling, mtu wa chini unfounded, bila sababu ya halo
undermine, kufukua chini: kii- unhappy, -enye huzuni
dhoofisha unheeded, bila kuangaliwa
underneath, chini ya unhoped njema
for, -a bahati
underrate, kudunisha kupita unicorn, “pembemoja”, mnyama
kiasi wa hadithi
understand (understood) ku- unification, mwunga(ma)no
fahamu unify, kuungamanisha; kusawa-
undertake (took, taken) kuahidi zisha
kufanya unilateral, -a upande mmoja tu
undertaking, kazi iliyoahidiwa unimportant, -dogo
undervalue, see underrate unintentional, si kwa kusudi
underwear, nguo za kuvaa nda- uninterrupted, bila kukatizwa
ni;andawea unique, -a namna ya peke yake
undeserved, isiyo haki unison, kwa sauti moja
undesirable, isiyofaa unite, kuungana; kuunganisha
undid, see undo unity, umoja
undignified, si adabu universal, -a mahali pote
undiminished, tsiyopungua universe, ulimwengu na mazi-
undisturbed, bila wasiwasi ngira yake
undivided, -ote; -zima university, chuo kikuu
undo (did, done) kufungua; ku- unjust, si haki
tangua unjustifiable, bila sababu ya haki
be undone, kufunguka unkind, unkindly, bila hisani
undoubted, bila shaka unknowingly, bila kujua
undress, kuvua nguo unknown, isiyojulikana
undue, unduly, kupita kiasi unlawful, haramu
undulating, -a kuinuka na ku- unless, isipokuwa
shuka unlike, mbalimbali; si kama
undying, isiyo na mwisho unlikely, si yamkini
unearth, kuzua unload, kupakua
unearthly, si ya dunia hii unlock, kufungua
uneasiness, fadhaa unluckily, kwa bahati mbaya
uneasy, -enye fadhaa unlucky, asiye na bahati
uneatable, tsiyofaa kwa chakula unmannerly, -a kukosa adabu
unedifying, -a aibu unmerciful, -katili
uneducated, asiyesoma unmistakable, dhahiri
unemployed, asiye na kazi unmitigated, kabisa
unequal, si sawa kwa kiasi unnatural, -potofu
unequalled, bila kifani unnecessary, isiyohitajika
unessential, si -a lazima unnoticed, bUa kuonekana
 )

UNO 179 VAL

unobtainable, isiyopatikana uproot, kung’oa
unoccupied (be) {house) kutoka- upset, turn upside-down, k\r-
liwa; person kutokuwa na shu-
(
pindua
ghuli upshot, matokeo
unopposed, bila kupingwa upstairs, katika orofa ya juu
unpack, kufungua mzigo up-to-date, -a siku hizi
unpick, kufumua upwards, juu
unpleasant, -a kuchukiza urban, -a mji
unpopular, tsoyopendeka urge, kusisitiza
unprecedented, bila kifani urgent, muhimu -a haraka ;

unprejudiced, bila upendeleo urine, mkojo

unprepared, isiyotayarishwa us, sisi
unproductive, unprofitable, tsi- usage, kawaida
yoleta faida use, faida; kutumia
unquestionably, bila shaka used to, kufanya zamani
unreasonable, isiyo maana be used to, kuzoea
unreliable, thabiti
si useful, -a kufaa
unremitting, bila kukoma useless, -a bure
unreservedly, bila masharti usual, -a kawaida
unripe, -bichi. usurp, kujitwalia bila haki
unrivalled, bila kifani usurpation, unyang'anyi
unroll, kukunjua usury, riba
unruly, -kaidi utensil, chombo
unsatisfactory, isiyoridhisha utility, manufaa
unsatisfied, asiyeridhika kutumia
utilize,
unscrupulous, bila unyofu utmost, upeo
unseen, isiyoonekana utter, utterly, kabisa
unselfish, asiye na ckoyo utterance, usemi
unsettled, asiyetulia uvula, kilimi
unspeakable, isiyoelezeka
unsuitable, isiyofaa V
unthinkable, bila maana
unthinking, bila kufikiri vacancy, nafasi
untidy, si nadhifu vacant, -tupu
untie, kufungua vacate, kuondoka
until, hata; mpaka vacation, likizo(ma)
untrue, uongo vaccinate, kuchanja
unusual, si kawaida; nadra vaccine, dawa ya kuchanjia
unvarying, bila ugeuzi vacuum, chombo kilichotolewa
unwell, mgonjwa hewa ndani
unwholesome, -baya kwa afya vacuum cleaner, kifyonza-vumbi
unwilling, kwa kinyongo vagabond, vagrant, mtanga-
unwind, kuzongoa tanga
unworthy, isiyostahili vague, dhahiri
si

unwritten, tsiyoandikwa vain, 1 -a kujiona; 2 -a bure

up, upon, juu (ya) in vain, bure
up-country, barani valiant, -shujaa
uphold, kuthibitisha valid, halali
upkeep, gharama valley, bonde(ma)
upper, -a juu zaidi valour, ushujaa
upright, i wima; 2 -nyofu valuable, -a thamani
uprising, maasi juu ya serkali valuation, kisio cha kima
uproar, makelele value,' kima; kutunuka
VAL 180 VIS
valueless, duni very, sana
vap, motakaa ya mizigo vessel, chombo
vandal, mharabu vest, fulana
vanguard, watangulizi vestige, dalili
vanish, kutoweka veteran, mzee mjuzi
vanity, i ushaufu; 2 ubatili veterinary, -a kuhusu mago-
vanquish, kushinda njwa ya wanyama
vaporize, kugeuza mvuke veto, katazo(ma); kukataza
vapour, mvuke vex, kutia uchungu
variable, -badilifu vexation, uchungu
variation, badiliko(ma) be vexed, kuona uchungu
varied, various, -a namna nyingi vibrate, vibration, kutikisika
variegated, -a rangi nyingi vicar, kasisi wa mtaa
varnish, dawa ya kung'ariza mti vice, uovu; ufisadi
vary, kubadilika vice versa, kwa kinyume kadha-
vase, chombo cha kutilia maua lika
vast, -kubwa mno vicinity, ujirani
vault, j kuba; 2 kuruka juu vicious, -ovu; -kali
vaunt, kujivuna vicissitudes, mageuzi
veal,nyama ya ndama victim, mteswa
vegetables, mboga victimize, kudhulumu
vegetation, mimea victor, mshindi
vehement, -a nguvu be victorious, kushinda
vehicle, gari(ma) victory, ushindi
veil, utaji; kifuniko view, mandhari; kutazama
vein, mshipa wa damu vigil, mkesha
velocity, kadiri ya mwendo vigilance, hadhari
venerable, mheshimiwa vigilant, -enye hadhari
venerate, kuheshimu vigorous, -a nguvu
veneration, heshima vigour, nguvu
vengeance, kisasi vile, -baya; -nyonge
venomous, -enye sumu village, kijiji
ventilate, ventilation, kupisha villain, mtu mkorofi
hewa safi vindicate, vindication, kuthibi-
venture, kuthubutu tisha haki
venturesome, -jasiri vindictive, -a kuweka kisasi
verandah, baraza vine, mzabibu
verbal, -a maneno tu vineyard, shamba la mizabibu
verdict, hukumu violate, kutenda jeuri; kuvunja
verge, ukingo(k) sheria
verifiable (be), kuweza kuthibiti- violation, jeuri; mvunjo
shwa violence, nguvu; jeuri
verify, verification, kuthibitisha violent, -a nguvu sana
veritable, halisi viper, nyoka
vermin, wanyama waharibifu virgin, bikira(ma)
vernacular, lugha ya wananchi virginity, ubikira
versatile, hodari katika kazi za virtue, wema
namna nyingi virtuous, -ema
verse, mashairi visa, sahihi ya mtazamaji
versed, stadi visibility, mwangaza
version, tafsiri; kisa visible, -a kuonekana
versus, kupambana na vision, 1 uoni; 2 njozi
vertical, wima visit, ziara(ma); kuzuru
 ) ;

VIS 181 WAT

visitor, mgeni waiter, waitress, mtumishi me-
vital, -a maana sana zani
vitality, afya na nguvu waive, kuacha kudai
vitiate, kupunguza nguvu wake (woke) kuamka; kuamsha
viva voce, mtihani kwa midomo walk, kwenda kwa miguu
vivid, dhahiri go for a walk, kwenda kutembea
wa dawa
vivisection, uvumbuzi wall, ukuta(k)
kwa kutumia wanyama wallet, mkoba
vocabulary, jumla ya maneno; wallow, kugaagaa matopeni
kamusi ndogo wan, -eupe
vocal, -a sauti ya mtu wand, fimbo nyembamba
vocation, wito wander, kuzungukazunguka
vociferous, -enye makelele wane, kupungua
voice, sauti ya mtu wangle, kupata kwa werevu
void, -tupu want, kutaka; kuhitaji
be void, kubatilika be in want of, kuhitaji; kupu-
volcano, volkeno ngukiwa na
voluble, -enye maneno mengi wanton, -pumbavu
volume, i kitabu; 2 ukubwa war, warfare, vita
voluminous, -kubwa ward off, kukinga
voluntary, kwa hiari warden, mlinzi
volunteer, mjitoa kwa hiari wardrobe, kabati ya kuwekea
vomit, kutapika nguo
voracious, -lafi warehouse, magazini
vote, kuchagua kwa kura wares, bidhaa
voter, mchaguzi warm, -enye moto wa kadiri
vouch for, kushuhudia warmth, joto la kadiri
voucher, cheti cha ushuhuda warn, kuonya
vouchsafe, kujalia warning, onyo(ma)
vow, nadhiri warrant, taarifa rasmi
vowel, vokali warrior, askari hodari
voyage, safari ya baharini wart, dutu(ma)
vulgar, 1 -a watu wote; 2 -a ku- warthog, ngiri
kosa adabu was, see be
vulgarity, utovu wa adabu wash, kuosha; ( clothes kufua;
vulnerable (be), kuweza kudhu- {hands) kunawa; {feet) kutawa-
rika dha
washerman» dobi
W wasp, mdudu kama nyuki
waste, kupoteza; -a kutupwa
wade, kupitia maji kwa miguu waste away, kudhoofika
wafer, mkate mdogo mwemba- waste place, pori(ma)
mba lay waste, kuharibu nchi
waft, kupeperusha wasteful, -potevu
wag, 1 kusukasuka; 2 mcheshi watch, 1 saa ya mkono 2 ulinzi;

wage, mshahara; ujira kuangalia

wage war, kupigana watchdog, mbwa wa kulinda
wager, bahatisho la fedha watchman, mlinzi
wagon, gari la ng’ombe water, maji; kutia maji
wail, kuomboleza water-closet (W.G.), choo
wailing, kilio waterfall, poromoko la maji
waist, kiunoni waterproof, watertight, is\yn-
wait, muda wa kungoja kungojea
;
vuja maji
WAV 182 WID
wave, wimbi(ma); kupepea; ku- whale, nyangumi
punga mkono wharf, gati
waver, kusitasita what, nini
wax, nta whatever, cho chote; nini?
way, njia what for? kwa nini?
waylay, kuotea njiani what kind of? gani?
we, sisi wheat, ngano
weak, dhaifu wheatmeal, unga wa ngano
weaken, kudhoofisha wheedle, kurairai
weakness, udhaifu wheel, gurudumu(ma)
have a weakness for, kupenda wheelbarrow, kigari cha kutu-
sana miwa shambani
wealth, mali when, wakati wa; -po-; lini?
wealthy, tajiri whence, mahali pa kutoka; wapi?
wean, kuachisha ziwa whenever, wakati wo wote; lini?
weapon, silaha where, mahali; -po-; wapi?
wear (wore, worn) kuvaa wherever, mahali po pote; wapi?
wear out, kuchakaa whereupon, ndipo
wear well, kudumu whether, kama
wearisome, -a kuchosha which, ipi? zipi? etc.
weary, kuchosha whichever, yo yote; zo zote, etc.
be weary, kuchoka while, wakati; maadam-; -po-
weather, hali ya hewa whine, kulalamika
weave (wove woven) kufuma whip, mjeledi; kupiga mjeledi
web, utando(t) whip-hand, nguvu ya kutiisha
wed, kuoa; kuolewa whirl, kuvurumisha
wedding, arusi whirlwind, chamchela
wedge, kabari whiskers, ndevu za mashavuni
Wednesday, Jumatano whisper, mnong’ono; kunong’ona
wee, -dogo sana whistle, filimbi; kupiga mluzi
weeds, magugu; kwekwe white, -eupe
week, juma(ma) white ants, mchwa
weekly, kila juma white hair, mvi
weep (wept) kulia whitewash, chokaa
weevils, vidudu walao nafaka whither, wapi?
ghalani whittle, kukatakata
weigh, kupima uzani whiz, vuruvuru; kuvurumika
weight, uzani, uzito who, whom, nani; -ye-; -o-
weighty, -a maana whoever, ye yote; wo wote
weird, -a kutisha kidogo whole, -zima; kamili
welcome, kukanbisha kwa furaha wholesale, kwa jumla; kocho
welfare, hall njema kocho
welfare centre, nyumba ya wholesome, -enye afya
starehe; welfea wholly, kabisa
well, i kisima; 2 mzima; 3 vizuri; whooping cough, kifaduro
4 je whore, kahaba
be well, kuwa hajambo whose, -a nani?
get well, kupona why, kwa nini? mbona? kumbe!
went, see go wick, utambi(t)
west, magharibi wicked, -ovu
western, -a magharibi wickedness, uovu
wet, majimaji wide, -pana
get wet, kulowana widen, kupanua
WID 183 WRA
wide awake (be) kuwa macho wizened, iliyofinyaa
widespread, -a mahali pengi wobble, kutikisika
widow, widower, mjane woeful, -enye ole
width, upana wolf (wolves) mbwa mwitu
wife, mke woman, mwanamke
wild, -a mwitu women, wanawake
wilderness, nyika womb, tumbo la uzazi
wilful, -kaidi wonder, ajabu; kustaajabu
will, i nia; 2 usia(ma); 3 -ta- I wonder if, Sijui kama
willing, -enye nia wonderful, -a ajabu; -zuri sana
wilt, kufifia won’t, will not
wily, -janja woo, kuposa
win (won) kushinda wood, mti, mbao, mwitu
wince, kunywea wooded, -enye miti mingi
wind, upepo wooden, -a mti
wind (wound) kuzonga; kutatia wool, sufu
windfall, pato la bahati woollen, -a sufu
winding, -enye mapindi word, neno(ma); ahadi
windmill, kinu cha upepo work, kazi kufanya kazi
;

window, dirisha(ma) worker, workman, mfanya kazi

wine, divai workmanship, ustadi
wing, ubawa(mb) works, workshop, kiwanda cha
wink, kukonyeza jicho kazi
winner, mshindi world, ulimwengu; dunia
winnings, mapato ya ushindi worldly, -enye kupenda anasa za
winter, majira ya baridi dunia
wintry, -a baridi kali worldwide, -a kuenea mahali pote
wipe, wipe out, kufuta worm, nyungunyungu mchango ;

wire, uzi wa madini, waya be wormeaten, kutobolewa na

wireless, simu ya upepo; redio funza
wisdom, hekima, busara worn, see wear
wise, -enye busara; mtaalamu be worn, kuvaliwa
wish, ombi(ma); takwa(ma); ku- be worn out, kuchakaa
taka worry, udhia; kuudhi
I wish, Laiti ninge . . . be worried, kuudhika
wistfully, kwa kutaka sana worrying, -sumbufu
wit, uchekeshi worse, -baya zaidi
witch, mwanamke mchawi worship, ibada; kuabudu
witchcraft, uchawi worst, -baya kabisa
with, na; kwa; pamoja na worth, thamani
withdraw (drew, drawn) kutoa; worthless, duni
kujitoa be worthwhile, kustahili kufa-
wither, kunyauka nyika
withhold, kunyima worthy, -a kustahili sifa
within, ndani (ya); katika wound, 1 see wind; 2 jeraha; ku-
without, bila; pasipo jeruhi
withstand, kupinga wrangle, kubishana
witness, shahidi(ma); ushuhuda; wrap up, kufunga
kwa karatasi
kushuhudia na uzi
wits, akili wrapper, karatasi au nguo ya
witty, -a kuchekesha kufunikia
wives, see wife wrath, ghadhabu
wizard, mwanamume mchawi wrathful, -enye ghadhabu
WRE 184 ZOO
wreath, shada la maua mfano wa yearn, kuonea shauku
pete kubwa yearning, shauku
wreck, wreckage, mavunjiko ya yeast, chachu; hamira
chombo baharini yell, kupiga kelele
be wrecked, kupwelewa; ku- yellow, rangi ya manjano
vunjika yelp, kulia karaa mbwa akiumia
wrench, kupopotoa yes, naam; ndiyo
wrestle, kushindana mweleka yesterday, jana
wretched, -enye hali mbaya yet, lakini
wriggle, kuvinginyika not yet, bado
wring, kukamua yield, 1 mazao; kuzaa; 2 kuku-
wrinkle, kifinyo bali
be wrinkled, kufinyana yoke, nira
wrist, kiwiko cha mkono yolk, kiini cha yai
writ, hati ya serkali yonder, kule; huko
write (wrote, written) kuandika you, wewe; ninyi
writer, mwandishi young, -dogo; -changa
writing, mwandiko young man, kijana
writings, maandiko youngster, mtoto
wrong, -baya; si sahihi kudhu- your, yours, -ako; -enu
lumu ,y ourself, wewe mwenyewe
be wrong, kukosea yourselves, ninyi wenyewe
be wronged, kudhulumiwa youth, kijana
do wrong, kukosa Yule, Yuletide, Krismas
wrongfully, bila haki
Z
X Zanzibar, Unguja
zeal, bidii
X-ray, Miali ipenyayo mwili zealous, -enye bidii
zebra, punda milia
Y zero, sifuri; pa kuanzia
zigzag, upogoupogo
yacht, chombo cha matanga zinc, namna ya madini nyeupe
yard, i ua(ny); 2 yadi zip, kifungo cha kufungia nguo
yarn, 1 uzi wa kufumia; 2 hadithi zone, sehemu maalum ya dunia
yawn, mwayo; kupiga miayo zoo, mahali pa kutunza na kuo-
year, mwaka nyesha wanyama
yearly, -a kila mwaka zoology, elimu ya wanyama
conciseswahilienOOperrJD
conciseswahilienOOperr_0

conciseswahilien00perr_0
SWAHILI DICTIONARY
D.V. Perrott

This is a concise working dictionary that contains all the Swahili

words you are likely to hear or read. The Swahili-English and
English-Swahsli sections of the dictionary provide clear definitions
for a range of words and phrases, including words that are
particularly appropriate to life in East Africa. A useful Swahili
grammar and practical hints on pronunciation are also included at
the beqinninq of the dictionary.

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