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Mastering Concepts:: MOMENTUM and IMPULSE Practice Problems L

This document provides 9 practice problems about momentum and impulse concepts. The problems involve calculating changes in momentum, average forces, and time durations for various scenarios involving objects like golf balls, baseballs, bowling balls, hockey pucks, trucks, and spacecraft being accelerated or stopped by applied forces. The final answers are provided in boxes with correct units.

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157 views2 pages

Mastering Concepts:: MOMENTUM and IMPULSE Practice Problems L

This document provides 9 practice problems about momentum and impulse concepts. The problems involve calculating changes in momentum, average forces, and time durations for various scenarios involving objects like golf balls, baseballs, bowling balls, hockey pucks, trucks, and spacecraft being accelerated or stopped by applied forces. The final answers are provided in boxes with correct units.

Uploaded by

sammy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MOMENTUM and IMPULSE Practice Problems L

Mastering Concepts:
1. Which has more momentum, a truck that is parked or a falling raindrop? EXPLAIN.

the raindrop because its moving and the truck is at a stop

2. Is the momentum of a car traveling south different from that of the same car when it travels
north at the same speed? Draw the momentum vectors to support your answer

yes its negative

3. When you jump from a height to the ground, you let your legs bend at the knees as your feet hit
the floor. EXPLAIN why you do this in terms of the physics concepts introduced in this unit.
so that the knee's don't have too much impact

4. Can a bullet have the same momentum as a truck? EXPLAIN

yes but the bullet must have a higher velocity because


the two masses are not the same.
5. Newton’s second law of motion states that if no net force is exerted on a system, no
acceleration is possible. Does it follow that no change in momentum occur? EXPLAIN

no because the thing could lose weight

6. Why are cars made with bumpers that can be pushed in during a crash?
to stop some of the impact

7. You are sitting at a baseball game when a foul ball comes in your direction. You prepare to
catch it bare-handed. To catch it safely, should you move your hands toward the ball, hold them
still, or move them in the same direction as the moving ball? EXPLAIN
stay still because if you move there is a
chance that it's going to hurt more
Mastering Problems. Write the final answer in the box. Don’t forget to include the unit.
1. Tom strikes a 0.058 kg golf ball with a force of 272 N and gives it a velocity of 62 m/s. How long
was Tom’s club in contact with the ball?
.058 * 62 = 3.596

272 / 3.596 = 75.639s


75.639 s

2. A 0.145 kg baseball is pitched at 42 m/s. The batter then hits the ball horizontally toward the
pitcher at 58 m/s.
a. Find the change in momentum of the ball.
.145 * 42 = 6.09
.145 * 58 = 8.41 6.09 - 8.41 = 2.32
2.32 kg.m/s

b. If the ball and the bat are in contact for 4.6 X10 -4 s, what is the average force during
contact?

.00046 / 2.32 = 1.982X10⁻⁴ N


3. A force of 186 N acts on a 7.3 kg bowling ball for 0.40s. What is the ball’s change in
momentum?
186 * .4 = 74.4
74.4

What is its change in velocity?

7.3 * .40 = 2.92


2.92 m/s
4. A hockey puck has a mass of 0.115 kg and strikes the pole of the net at 37 m/s. It bounces off
the opposite direction at 25 m/s, as shown in Figure 18
a. What is the impulse on the puck?
momentum = 4.255

4.255

b. If the collision takes 5.0 X 10-4 s, what is the average force on the puck?

5. A 5500 kg freight truck accelerates from 4.2 m/s to 7.8 m/s in 15 s by the application of a
constant force,
a. What change in momentum occurs?

b. How large a force is exerted?

6. Before a collision, a 25 kg object was moving at 112 m/s. Find the impulse that acts on the
object if, after the collision, it moved at -8.0 m/s.

25*112=2800
25*-8= -2050
2800+-2050=750 750
7. A 0.145 kg baseball is moving at 35 m/s when it is caught by a player.
a. Find the change in momentum of the ball.

b. If the ball is caught with the mitt held in a stationary position so that the ball stops in
0.050 s, what is the average force exerted on the ball?

c. If, instead, the mitt is moving backward so that the ball takes 0.500 s to stop, what is the
average force exerted by the mitt on the ball?

8. A hockey puck has a mass of 0.115 kg and is at rest. A hockey player makes a shot, exerted a
constant force of 30 N on the puck for 0.16 s. With what speed does it head toward the goal?

9. Small rockets are used to slightly adjust the speeds of spacecraft. A rocket with a thrust of 35 N
is fired to change a 72,000 kg spacecraft’s speed by 0.63 m/s. For how long should it be fired?

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