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02 Input Devices

The document discusses various input devices for computers including keyboards, mice, trackballs, trackpads, and touch screens. It describes how these devices work and how they allow users to interact with computers. It also covers variants of mice, ergonomic concerns around input devices, and optical and audiovisual input devices like scanners, microphones, and digital cameras.

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Abdulrehman
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views

02 Input Devices

The document discusses various input devices for computers including keyboards, mice, trackballs, trackpads, and touch screens. It describes how these devices work and how they allow users to interact with computers. It also covers variants of mice, ergonomic concerns around input devices, and optical and audiovisual input devices like scanners, microphones, and digital cameras.

Uploaded by

Abdulrehman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction

to
Computers
Week 2
Chapter 2A
Using the Keyboard And Mouse
The Keyboard

• The most common input device


• Must be proficient with keyboard
• Skill is called keyboarding
The Keyboard

• How keyboard works


• Keyboard controller detects a key press
• Controller sends a code to the CPU
• Code represents the key pressed
• Controller notifies the operating system
• Operating system responds
• Controller repeats the letter if held
The Mouse

• All modern computers have a variant


• Allows users to select objects
• Pointer moved by the mouse
• Mechanical mouse
• Rubber ball determines direction and speed
• The ball often requires cleaning
The Mouse

•Optical mouse
• Light shown onto mouse pad
• Reflection determines speed and direction
• Requires little maintenance
The Mouse

•Interacting with a mouse


• Actions involve pointing to an object
• Clicking selects the object
• Clicking and holding drags the object
• Releasing an object is a drop
• Right clicking activates the shortcut menu
• Modern mice include a scroll wheel
The Mouse

•Benefits
• Pointer positioning is fast
• Menu interaction is easy
• Users can draw electronically
The Mouse

•Mouse button configuration


• Configured for a right-handed user
• Can be reconfigured
• Between 1 and 6 buttons
• Extra buttons are configurable
Variants of the Mouse

• Trackballs
• Upside down mouse
• Hand rests on the ball
• User moves the ball
• Uses little desk space
Variants of the Mouse

• Track pads
• Stationary pointing device
• Small plastic rectangle
• Finger moves across the pad
• Pointer moves with the pointer
• Popular on laptops
Variants of the Mouse

• Track point
• Little joystick on the keyboard
• Move pointer by moving the joystick
Ergonomics and Input Devices

• Ergonomics
• Study of human and tool interaction

• Concerned with physical interaction with machines

• Attempts to improve safety and comfort

• Human factors and ergonomics is the application of


psychological and physiological principles to the design
of products, processes, and systems.
Ergonomics and Input Devices

• Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)


• Caused by continuous misuse of the body
• Many professions suffer from RSI

• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome


• Carpal tunnel is a passage in the wrist
• Holds nerves and tendons
• Prolonged keyboarding swells tendons
Ergonomics and Input Devices

• Office hardware suggestions


• Office chairs should have
• Adjustable armrests and height
• Armrests
• Lower back support

• Desks should have


• Have a keyboard tray
• Keep hands at keyboard height
• Place the monitor at eye level
Ergonomics and Input Devices

• Techniques to avoid RSI


• Sit up straight
• Have a padded wrist support
• Keep your arms straight
• Keyboard properly
• Take frequent breaks
Devices for the Hand

• Pen based input


• Tablet PCs, PDA
• Pen used to write data
• Pen used as a pointer
• Handwriting recognition
• On screen keyboard
Devices for the hand

• Touch screens
• Often known as I/O device
• Sensors determine where
finger points
• Sensors create an X,Y
coordinate
• Usually presents a menu to
users
• Found in cramped or dirty
environments
Devices for the hand

•Game controllers
• Enhances gaming experience
• Provide custom input to the game
• Modern controllers offer feedback
• Joystick
• Game pad
Optical Input Devices

•Allows the computer to see input


•Bar code readers
• Converts bar codes to numbers
• UPC code

• Computer find number in a database

• Works by reflecting light


• Amount of reflected light indicates number
Optical Input Devices

• Allows the computer to see input


• Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
• Short for optical mark reading or optical mark
recognition.
• OMR is the process of gathering information from
human beings by recognizing marks on a
document.
• OMR is accomplished by using a hardware device
(scanner) that detects a reflection or limited light
transmittance on or through a piece of paper.
Optical Input Devices

• Image scanners
• Converts printed media into electronic

• Reflects light off of the image

• Sensors read the intensity

• Filters determine color depths


Optical input devices

• Optical character recognition (OCR)


• Converts scanned text into editable text

• Each letter is scanned

• Letters are compared to known letters

• Best match is entered into document

• Rarely 100% accurate


Audiovisual Input Devices

•Microphones
• Used to record speech
• Speech recognition
• “Understands” human speech
• Allows dictation or control of computer
• Matches spoken sound to known phonemes
• Enters best match into document
Audiovisual Input Devices

•Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI)


• Connects musical instruments to computer
• Digital recording or playback of music
• Musicians can produce professional results
Audiovisual Input Devices

•Digital cameras
• Captures images electronically
• No film is needed
• Image is stored as a JPG file
• Memory cards store the images
• Used in a variety of professions

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