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ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual
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Version 1.3
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Ai-Thinker Inc

Copyright (c) 2017

 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

Revision Record

Date Version Author Release Notes

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2017.07.01 V1.0 Wang Chong First Version

2017.09.04 V1.1 Wang Chong Add ESP-01M, Delete ESP-12E

Modify the GPIO4 pin description, change

2017.12.18 V1.2 Fang Dongbin
the contact number

2018.3.10 V1.3 Lv Junxiong Add ESP-01F

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

Table Of Contents
1 Product Overview ...........................................................................................1

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1.1 Product Features...................................................................................1
1.2 Application Plan...................................................................................1
2 Module Interface.............................................................................................2
2.1 Package Size ........................................................................................2
2.1 Pin Definition.......................................................................................6
2.2 Boot Mode ...........................................................................................7

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3 Electrical Characteristics.................................................................................8
3.1 Maximum Ratings ................................................................................8
3.2 Suggested Working Environment .........................................................8
3.3 Digital Port Features ............................................................................8
3.4 Power Consumption .............................................................................8
3.5 Transmit Power .................................................................................. 10
3.6 Receive Sensitivity ............................................................................. 10
4 Hardware Guidance ...................................................................................... 11
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4.1 Typical Applications .......................................................................... 11
4.2 PCB Antenna Display Instructions .....................................................13
4.3 Module Peripheral Routing Instructions .............................................14
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4.4 GPIO Level Conversion .....................................................................14
4.5 Power Supply Reference Design ........................................................ 15
4.6 ADC Supply Reference Design ..........................................................15
4.7 Automatically Download Reference Design .......................................16
4.8 Reflow oven temperature curve .......................................................... 16
5 Usage Guide ................................................................................................. 17
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5.1 Introduction To The Basic AT Command ...........................................17

5.1.1 AT ........................................................................................... 17
5.1.2 AT+GMR ................................................................................17
5.1.3 AT+RST.................................................................................. 17
 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

5.1.4 AT+RESTORE........................................................................18
5.2 Use Examples ....................................................................................18

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5.2.1 TCP Communication Test........................................................ 18
5.2.2 UDP Communication Test ....................................................... 20
6 FAQ .............................................................................................................22
6.1 Garbage Instructions When Power Is On ............................................22
6.2 How To Shield The Power When The Garbled ................................... 22
6.3 Can’t Burn Normally ....................................................................... 22

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6.4 SDK Development Environment ........................................................23
6.5 Startup Information Description .........................................................23
7 Module Selection .......................................................................................... 23
8 Contact US ................................................................................................... 25
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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

1 Product Overview

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ESP8266 series wireless module is a series of cost-effective Wi-Fi SOC module
which can be developed independently. The series modules support the standard
IEEE802.11 b/g/n protocol, built-in complete TCP/IP protocol stack. Users can use
this series of modules to add networking capabilities to existing devices, or to build
standalone network controllers.
Ai-Thinker Technology can provide customers with a complete hardware,

your cost savings.

1.1 Product Features

processor
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software reference program, in order to shorten your product development cycle, for

The smallest 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi SOC module

Using low-power 32-bit CPU, can also serve as the application

Clocked at up to 160MHz
Built-in 10 bit high precision ADC
Support UART/GPIO/IIC/PWM/ADC/HSPI and other interfaces
Integrated Wi-Fi MAC/BB/RF/PA/LNA
Supports multiple sleep modes, deep sleep current as low as 20uA
Embedded Lwip protocol stack
Support STA/AP/STA + AP work mode
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Supports Smart Config/AirKiss key distribution network
Serial port rate up to 4Mbps
General AT commands can be used quickly
Support SDK secondary development
Supports serial local upgrade and remote firmware upgrade (FOTA)

1.2 Application Plan

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Household appliances Industrial wireless control Wearable electronic products

Home automation Infant Monitor Wireless location sensing device
Smart socket/intelligent light IP camera Security ID tag
Mesh network Sensor network Wireless positioning system beacon

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

2 Module Interface

2.1 Package Size

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Figure 2.1 ESP-01/ESP-01S pin dimensions
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Figure 2.2 ESP-01M pin dimensions

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

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Figure 2.3 ESP-01F pin dimensions
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Figure 2.4 ESP-07 pin dimensions

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Figure 2.5 ESP-07S pin dimensions
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Figure 2.6 ESP-12F pin dimensions

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

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Figure 2.7 ESP-12S pin dimensions

Table 2.1 ESP series module size table

Shield
Pin
Length Width Height PAD size ed Thickness
Model Spacing
(mm) (mm) (mm (mm) Shell (mm)
(mm)
(mm)
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ESP-01
24.7 14.4 11.0 1.5 x 1.5 2.54 - 1.0±0.1
ESP-01S
ESP-01M 18 18 2.8±0.2 - 1.6 2.0 0.8±0.1

ESP-01F 11 10 2.0±0.2 1.1 1.2 0.8±0.1

ESP-07 21.2 16.0 3.0±0.2 - 2.0 2.0 0.8±0.1

ESP-07S 17.0 16.0 3.0±0.3 1 x 1.2 2.0 2.0 0.8±0.1

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ESP-12F 24.0 16.0 3.0±0.2 2.0 2.0 0.8±0.1

ESP-12S 24.0 16.0 3.0±0.2 1 x 1.2 2.0 2.0 0.8±0.1

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

2.1 Pin Definition

Table 2.2 ESP Series Module Pin Function Definitions

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Pin Number
07 Pin
01 Remarks
01M 01F 07S 12F Name
01S
12S
7 18 16 1 1 RST Reset Pin, Active Low
AD conversiont, Input voltage range
- 16 3 2 2 ADC
0~1V, the value range is 0~1024.

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6 9 4 3 3 EN Chip Enabled Pin, Active High
5 Connect with RST pin to wake up
- 17 4 4 IO16
Deep Sleep
- 15 6 5 5 IO14 HSPI_CLK IR_T I2C_SCL
I2SI_WS
- 14 7 6 6 IO12 HSPI_MISO
- 5 8 7 7 IO13 HSPI_MOSI; UART0_CTS
8 2 17 8 8 VCC Module power supply pin, the
voltage range of 3.0 ~ 3.6V
- - - 9 CS0 Flash chip select signal
- - - 10 MISO Slave Output Master Input
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- 11 - 11 IO9 GPIO9 Only ESP-01M Can
- 12 - 12 IO10 GBIO10 Only ESP-01M Can
- - - 13 MOSI Master Output Slave Input
- - - 14 SCLK Clock
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1 1 2/18 9 15 GND GND
- 6 9 10 16 IO15 HSPI_CS U0_RTS I2SO_BCK
2 7 10 11 17 IO2 U1_TXD I2C_SDA I2SO_WS
3 8 11 12 18 IO0 GPIO0 HSPI_MISO I2SI_DATA
- 10 12 13 19 IO4 GPIO4
- 13 13 14 20 IO5 IR_R
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4 4 14 15 21 RXD GPIO3 I2SO_DATA

5 3 15 16 22 TXD GPIO1
1 ANT Only ESP-01F Can
Note: Only GPIO4 and GPIO5 are low at boot time, the other GPIO are high.
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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

2.2 Boot Mode

Table 2.3 Description of the ESP series module boot mode

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CH_PD
Mode RST GPIO15 GPIO0 GPIO2 TXD0
(EN)
Download
high high low low high high
mode
Running
high high low high high high
mode
Chip Test
high high - - - low
mode

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

3 Electrical Characteristics

3.1 Maximum Ratings

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Table 3.1 Maximum Ratings
Rated value condition Value Unit

Storage Temperature - -40 ~ 90

Maximum Welding - 250

Temperature

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IPC/JEDEC +3.0 ~ +3.6 V
Supply Voltage
J-STD-020

3.2 Suggested Working Environment

Table 3.2 Recommended working environment

Work Environment Name Min Typ Max Unit

Operating Temperature -20 20 85

Supply Voltage VDD 3.0 3.3 3.6 V

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3.3 Digital Port Features
Table 3.3 Digital Port Features

Port Name Min Typ Max Unit

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Input logic level low VIL -0.3 - 0.25 * VDD V

Input logic level high VIH 0.75 * VDD - VDD + 0.3 V

Output logic level low VOL N - 0.1 * VDD V

Output logic level 0.8 * VDD - N V

VOH
high
Note: Unless otherwise specified, the test conditions are: VDD = 3.3 V and
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temperature 20 .

3.4 Power Consumption

All measurements are made at the antenna interface without SAW filters.

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

All transmit data is based on a 90% duty cycle measured in the continuous firing
mode.
Table 3.4 Power consumption

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Ty Ma
Mode Min Unit
p x
Transmit 802.11b, CCK 11Mbps, POUT = + 170 mA
17dBm
Transmit 802.11g, OFDM 54Mbps, POUT = + 140 mA
15dBm
Transmit 802.11n, MCS7, POUT = + 13dBm 120 mA

Receive 802.11b, packet length 1024 bytes,

-80dBm
Receive 802.11g, packet length 1024 bytes,
-70dBm
Receive 802.11n, packet length 1024 bytes,
-65dBm
Modem-Sleep

Light-Sleep
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56

56

20

2
mA

mA

mA

mA

mA

Deep-Sleep 20 uA

Power Off 1 uA
Note: Modem-Sleep is used to require the CPU to remain in operation, such as PWM or I2S.
When there is no data transmission while maintaining a WiFi connection, power off the WiFi
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Modem circuit according to the 802.11 standard (eg U-APSD). For example, in DTIM3, every
sleep 300mS, wake up 3mS receive AP Beacon package, etc., the overall average current of about
20mA.
Note : Light-Sleep for CPU can be suspended applications, such as WiFi switch. If there
is no data transmission while maintaining a WiFi connection, the WiFi Modem circuit can be
switched off and the CPU is powered down according to the 802.11 standard (eg U-APSD). For
example, at DTIM3, every sleep 300 ms, wake up 3 ms to receive AP's Beacon packets, etc., the
overall average current is about 2 mA.
Note: Deep-Sleep is used for applications that do not have to keep the WiFi connection for a
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long time, such as a sensor that measures the temperature once every 100 seconds. Every 300 s
wake up after 0.3s - 1s connected to the AP to send data, the overall average current can be much
smaller than 2mA.

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

3.5 Transmit Power

Table 3.5 RF parameters

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Describe Min Typ Max Unit

802.11b@11Mbps 14 16 18 dBm
802.11g@54Mbps 12 14 16 dBm
802.11n@HT20, MCS7 11 13 15 dBm

3.6 Receive Sensitivity

DSSS, 1 Mbps
CCK, 11 Mbps
6 Mbps (1/2 BPSK)
Parameter

54 Mbps (3/4 64-QAM)

HT20, MCS7 (65 Mbps, 72.2 Mbps)
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Table 3.6 Receiving Sensitivity

Min Typ
-95
-80
-88
-70
-67
Max Unit
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
dBm
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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

4 Hardware Guidance

4.1 Typical Applications

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Note: You can’t use USB to TTL 3.3V or 5V power supply, it is recommended
to use two dry batteries or after conversion through the LDO 3.3V, it is strongly
recommended to buy a new development board.

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Figure 4.1 Typical application of ESP-01
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Figure 4.2 Typical application of ESP-01S
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Figure 4.3 Typical application of ESP-01M

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Figure 4.4 Typical application of ESP-01F

Figure 4.5 Typical application of ESP-07

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Figure 4.6 Typical application of ESP-07S

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Figure 4.7 Typical application of ESP-12E/ESP-12F

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Figure 4.8 Typical application of ESP-12S

4.2 PCB Antenna Display Instructions

The ESP8266 series module can be soldered to the PCB board. In order to get
the best RF performance of the end product, please pay attention to the rational
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design of the module and the placement of the antenna on the bottom plate according
to this guide.
Option 1 (recommended):
Place the module along the edge of the PCB board, and the antenna is placed
outside the frame or along the board and the bottom is hollowed out;
Option 2:
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The module placed along the PCB board side, the antenna placed along the
board and the bottom of the hollow;
Option 3:
Place the module along the board side of the board, the antenna placed along the

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

board and the bottom are not copper.

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Figure 4.7 ESP-12S antenna placement instructions

4.3 Module Peripheral Routing Instructions

The ESP8266 series modules integrates high-speed GPIO and peripheral

interfaces, which can cause severe switching noise. If some applications require high
power and EMI characteristics, it is recommended to connect 10 to 100 ohms in
series on digital I/O lines. This can suppress overshoot when switching power
supplies and make the signal smooth. Series resistance can also prevent electrostatic
discharge (ESD) to some extent.
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4.4 GPIO Level Conversion
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Figure 4.8 Transistor level conversion

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4.5 Power Supply Reference Design

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4.6 ADC Supply Reference Design
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Figure 4.9 Power supply reference
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Figure 4.10 ADC supply reference
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4.7 Automatically Download Reference Design

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4.8 Reflow oven temperature curve
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Figure 4.11 Automatically Download Reference Design
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Figure 4.12 Reflow furnace temperature curve

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

5 Usage Guide

ESP8266 series module factory default built-in AT firmware, and the default

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baud rate of 115200, can refer to 4.1 typical application diagram to build the
minimum system circuit, then the AT command operation.
Serial and network debugging tools download: http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/tools

5.1 Introduction To The Basic AT Command

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This chapter only describes the common AT commands, please refer to
http://wiki.aithinker.com/esp8266/docs#at

5.1.1 AT

parameters No
Description Test AT is OK
AT
Example
OK

5.1.2 AT+GMR
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parameters No
Description Returns the firmware version information
AT+GMR
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AT version:1.2.0.0(Jul 1 2016 20:04:45)
Example SDK version:1.5.4.1(39cb9a32)
Ai-Thinker Technology Co. Ltd.
Dec 2 2016 14:21:16
OK

5.1.3 AT+RST

parameters No
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Description soft restart module

AT+RST
Example
OK

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5.1.4 AT+RESTORE

parameters No

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Description Reset the module to factory settings
AT+RESTORE
Example
OK

5.2 Use Examples

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This section explains how to configure two modules through the serial port on
the PC side to communicate with each other over TCP/UDP. For more examples,
please refer to: http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/esp8266/examples/at_demo. Test, through
the PC side instead of one end of the module to establish the appropriate connection.

5.2.1 TCP Communication Test

TCP Server is in AP mode and TCP Client is Station mode.

TCP Server Configuration
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Ai-Thinker Technology Co. Ltd.

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AT+CWMODE=2 //configured for AP mode
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OK
AT+CWSAP_DEF="TCP_Server","12345678",5,4 //Configure AP
information

OK
AT+CIFSR //Query the local IP address
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+CIFSR:APIP,"192.168.4.1"
+CIFSR:APMAC,"a2:20:a6:19:c7:0a"

OK
AT+CIPMUX=1 //open multiple links

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OK
AT+CIPSERVER=1 //open the server

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OK
0,CONNECT //There is a client connected to the server

+IPD,0,10:Ai-Thinker //received 10 data (Ai-Thinker)

AT+CIPSERVER=0 //Close the server

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0,CLOSED
TCP Client Configuration
Ai-Thinker Technology Co. Ltd.

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//TCP connection is off

AT+CWMODE=1 //configured for station mode

OK
AT+CWJAP_DEF="TCP_Server","12345678" //Connect to AP

WIFI CONNECTED
WIFI GOT IP

OK
AT+CIFSR //Query the local IP address
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+CIFSR:STAIP,"192.168.4.2"
+CIFSR:STAMAC,"5c:cf:7f:91:8b:3b"

OK
AT+CIPMUX=0 //open single link
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OK
AT+CIPSTART="TCP","192.168.4.1",333 //Connect to TCP server

CONNECT

OK
AT+CIPSEND=10 //send 10 bytes of data to the server side
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OK
> //After the emergence of the symbol serial port to send

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Ai-Thinker (without carriage return line)
Recv 10 bytes //The serial port receives the data

SEND OK //sent successfully

CLOSED //TCP connection is closed

5.2.2 UDP Communication Test

local port is 8002.

h AP Configuration
Ai-Thinker Technology Co. Ltd.

ready
AT+CWMODE=2

OK
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One is in AP mode , the local port is 8001, and the other is Station mode. the

//configured for AP mode

AT+CWSAP_DEF="TCP_Server","12345678",5,4 //AP information

OK
AT+CIFSR //Query the local IP address

+CIFSR:APIP,"192.168.4.1"
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+CIFSR:APMAC,"a2:20:a6:19:c7:0a"

OK
AT+CIPSTART="UDP","192.168.4.2",8002,8001,0 //Open UDP
connection

CONNECT
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OK

+IPD,10:Ai-Thinker //received 10 data (Ai-Thinker)

AT+CIPSEND=10 //send 10 bytes of data to the server

OK
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> //After the emergence of the symbol serial port to send

Ai-Thinker (without carriage return line)
Recv 10 bytes //The serial port receives the data

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SEND OK
AT+CIPCLOSE //close the UDP connection

CLOSED

OK
Station Configuration

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Ai-Thinker Technology Co. Ltd.

ready
AT+CWMODE=2 //configured for station mode

OK
AT+CWSAP_DEF="TCP_Server","12345678",5,4 //Connect to AP

OK
AT+CIFSR //Query the local IP address
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+CIFSR:STAIP,"192.168.4.2"
+CIFSR:STAMAC,"5c:cf:7f:91:8b:3b"

OK
AT+CIPSTART="UDP","192.168.4.1",8001,8002,0 //Open UDP connection
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CONNECT

OK
AT+CIPSEND=10 //send 10 bytes of data to the server

OK
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> //After the emergence of the symbol serial port to send

Ai-Thinker (without carriage return line)

Recv 10 bytes //The serial port receives the data

SEND OK

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+IPD,10:Ai-Thinker //received 10 data (Ai-Thinker)

AT+CIPCLOSE //close the UDP connection

CLOSED

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OK

6 FAQ

6.1 Garbage Instructions When Power Is On

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ESP8266 chip itself supports 26MHz and 40MHz crystal, if the use of 40MHz
crystal, the default baud rate of 115200, if the use of 26MHz crystal, the UART0
power after the baud rate = 26 * 115200/40 = 74880, the letter can be ESP8266
Series modules are used 26MHz, because the general serial port tool does not support
the baud rate, so there will be printed on the garbled.
You can use the security serial interface assistant to configure the baud rate
74880 to view the startup information.
Note: part of the USB to TTL does not support 74880 baud rate, the computer
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comes with RS232 to TTL does not support 74880 baud rate, recommend the use of
FT232, CP2102, CH340 and other chips.

6.2 How To Shield The Power When The Garbled

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U0TXD default power will be system printing, through the UART's internal pin
switching function, user_init () call system_uart_swap () function, the new U0TXD
change to GPIO15, U0RXD change to GPIO13, the hardware connection on the two
cited Feet can be serial communication.
Note: After the exchange, the download pin on the hardware is still the original
U0TXD and U0RXD.
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6.3 Can’t Burn Normally

Refer to http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/esp_download to download, pay attention to

download before the module to ensure that the download mode.
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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

6.4 SDK Development Environment

Refer to http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/ai_ide_install to build the SDK development

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environment.

6.5 Startup Information Description

Start, if the power and serial port connection is normal, then the baud rate 74880
to see the first sentence is as follows:

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ets Jan 8 2013,rst cause:1, boot mode:(3,6)
The start and start modes of the module can be analyzed based on the print
information:
rst cause
1: Power restart
2: External reset
4: Hardware watchdog reset
boot mode
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The second in parentheses has no practical meaning, the first can refer to the
following table to start the information analysis:
Table 6.1 Startup Mode Description
Value Mode GPIO0 GPIO2 GPIO15
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0 - 0 0 0
1 Download Mode 0 1 0
2 - 1 0 0
3 Run mode 1 1 0
4 - 0 0 1
5 - 0 1 1
6 - 1 0 1
7 - 1 1 1
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7 Module Selection

model ESP-01 ESP-01S ESP-01M ESP-07 ESP-07S ESP-12F ESP-12S

Package DIP-8 DIP-8 SMD-18 SMD-16 SMD-16 SMD-22 SMD-16

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 ESP-01/07/12 Series Modules User's Manual V1.3

Size(mm) 24.7*14.4 24.7*14.4 18*18 21.2*16.0 17.0*16.0 24.0*16.0 24.0*16.0

layer 2 2 4 2 4 4 4

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Flash size 8Mbit 8Mbit 8Mbit 8Mbit 32Mbit 32Mbit 32Mbit

Certificati
- - - - FCC/CE FCC/CE FCC/CE
on
Ceramic
Antenna PCB PCB PCB IPEX PCB PCB
IPEX
Indicator TXD0 GPIO2

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GPIO2 - GPIO2 GPIO2 GPIO2
light POWER POWER
Available
2 2 11 9 9 9 9
IO
For more selection information please see http://wiki.ai-thinker.com/esp8266 or
contact us.
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8 Contact US

Official website: https://www.ai-thinker.com

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Develop Wiki: http://wiki.ai-thinker.com
Official forum: http://bbs.ai-thinker.com
Sample purchase: https://anxinke.taobao.com
Business cooperation: [email protected]
Technical support: [email protected]

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Telephone: 0755-29162996
Company Address: 6/F, Block C2, Huafeng Industrial Park, Hangcheng Road,
Bao'an Road, Baoan District, Shenzhen ,China
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WeChat AiSmart APP
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