10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 10:
Solving Problems on Polynomials and
Polynomial Equations
Week 9
Learning Code – M10AL-Ij-2
Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 10 – Solving Problems on Polynomials and Polynomial
Equations
First Edition 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Jocelyn Y. Cristobal
Editor: Josefina J. Bustos Maita G. Camilon Judy Ann G. Gallo
Reviewers/Validators: Remylinda T. Soriano, EPS, Math
Angelita Z. Modesto, PSDS
George B. Borromeo, PSDS
Illustrator: Writer
Layout Artist: Writer
Management Team: Malcolm S. Garma, Regional Director
Genia V. Santos, CLMD Chief
Dennis M. Mendoza, Regional EPS in Charge of LRMS and
Regional ADM Coordinator
Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V, Schools Division
Superintendent
Aida H. Rondilla, Chief-CID
Lucky S. Carpio, Division EPS in Charge of LRMS and
Division ADM Coordinator

1
 10

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 10:
Solving Problems on Polynomials
and Polynomial Equations

2
 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
MODULE
10
SOLVING POLYNOMIAL EQUATIONS

There are different situations in life where the concept of polynomial

equation is necessary. These concepts are widely used by engineers,
architects, researchers and many other fields. This helps them formulate the
general pattern of a certain situation or condition.
In this module, you will experience how to solve problems that
involves polynomials.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

PPREPREVIER!
LEARNING COMPETENCIES
The learners will be able to:
• solve problems involving polynomials and polynomial equations.

WHAT I KNOW
PPREPREVIER
Let us check your background in polynomials. Try your best to answer the
following questions. Just write the letter of the correct answer.
1. The following are examples of polynomials except
a. 3x2 + 2x + 5 c. x2 – y2
b. 2x5 -4√𝑥 + 3 d. 5x3 + 3
2. What is the quotient when you divide (2x2 -5x -12) by (2x + 3)?
a. x - 2 c. x - 4
b. x + 2 d. x + 4
3. What is the leading coefficient in the expression 2x3 -5x2 + x8 – 3
a. -5 c. 1
b. -3 d. 2
4. What is the remainder when (3x3 -12x2 + 7x + 6 )is divided by (x – 3)
a. 0 c. 2
b. 1 d. 3
5. Jillian divides the polynomial (3x + 5x3 -1) by (x+ 1) using long
method. What should be the correct arrangement of the dividend?
a. -1 + 3x + 5x3 c. 5x3 + 0x2 + 3x – 1
b. 3x + 5x3 – 1 d. -1 + 5x3 + 0x2 + 3x
6. Find the value of k that will yield a remainder of 12 when the
polynomial
(2x3 +kx -18) is divided by (x – 3).
a. -10 b. -8 c. -6 d. -4
7. A polynomial px + (p+3)x -9x + 30 yields the same remainder when
3 2

divided by (x -2) and (x + 3). What value of p will satisfy the condition?
a. 0 c. 2
b. 1 d. 3

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
8. Referring to problem number 7, what is the common remainder of the
quotients?
a. 42 c. 46
b. 44 d. 48
9. Which of the following is a factor of the polynomial? (x4 + 2x3 -11x2 -6x
+ 24)
a. (x – 2) c. (2x + 1)
b. (x – 3) d. (3x -2)
10. Find the value of k such that (x + 1) is a factor of
kx5 – (k – 1)x2 – 2x + 1.
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4
11. How many possible roots can a polynomial 3x4 + 8x3 -5x – 6 has?
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4
12. By rational root theorem, all the possible rational roots of
x3 -2x2 + 3x – 12 are
1 1 1 1 1
a. ±12, ±1 c. ± , ± , ± , ± , ± , ±1
12 6 4 3 2
1
b. ±12, ±6, ±4, ±3, ±2, ±1 d. ± 12, ±1
13. At which value/s of x will the expression (x3 -5x) be equal to (2x2 – 6)?
a. 1, -2, 3 c. -1,-2,-3
b. -1, -2, 3 d. 1, 2, -3
14. Which of the following polynomials have roots -2, -1 and 2?
a. x3 -4x2 + 4x -4 c.x3 + 4x2 – x -4
b. x + x -4x -4
3 2 d. x3 – x2 +4x + 4
15.The volume of a rectangular pool is given by the polynomial
expression (x3 +3x2 --4x -12)m3. If the height measures (x + 3) m, what
is the area of the base?
a. x2 + x -2 c. x2 - 4
b. x2 -2x + 1 d. x2 - 1

WHAT’S IN
PPREPREV
Let us recall how to get the roots/solutions of the given polynomial.
Activity 1: Give the roots of the following polynomials:
1. x2 + 5x = 14 6. x2 + 1 = 0
2. x2 + 2x -15 = 0 7. x3 – 6x2+ + 11x -6 = 0
3. x2 -4x + 1 = 0 8. x3 -7x2 + 13x – 3 = 0
4. x2 – 25 = 0 9. x4 +12x = 2x3 + 11x2
5. x4 -3x3 -3x2 +11x -6 = 0 10. 3x3 -8x2 -15x -4 = 0

WHAT’S NEW

Are you one among the millions of Filipinos dreaming to have their own
house? Read the article below to give you an idea how we can acquire
creative yet affordable houses.

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

WHAT IS IT

Creative Home Spaces

Access to a safe and decent home continues to be a challenge for
most Filipinos. Housing poverty as the term suggests, is the inability to
afford housing.
Apart from government agencies like
Pag-IBIG Fund and National Housing Authority
which aid Filipino families in fulfilling their
dreams of owning a house, there are some
construction companies which help in the
advocacy by introducing a more affordable way
of building houses; one of which is through the
use of shipping containers.
Shipping containers are typically flood and fireproof
making them suitable materials for house
constructions. Aside from these, the cost of container van
houses is a way cheaper than the cost of building a regular
house. Good ventilation and insulation coupled with proper
maintenance make container van houses last for 25 years
or so. Suppose the standard dimensions of a shipping
container (in meters) is given by the polynomial equation:
𝒙𝟑 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝟖𝒙 − 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟎

1. Based on the story, what is an alternative material for building houses?

2. What are the advantages of using shipping containers?
3. The standard dimensions of a shipping container (in meters) is
approximately given by the polynomial equation: 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝟖𝒙 − 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟎
A. Identify all possible roots of the polynomial
equation.
B. Using synthetic division, find the factored
form of the given polynomial.
C. What are the dimensions of a shipping
container?

To get the roots of the polynomial equation x 3 -10x2 +28x -24 = 0 as

mentioned in the above problem, we can use synthetic division or factor
theorem. Based on rational root theorem, the possible roots are
±1,±2, ±3, ±4 ± 6, ±8, ±12, ±24. Let us take 6 using synthetic division.

Since the remainder is 0, (x – 6) is a factor and the

resulting depressed equation is x2 -4x + 4.
Factoring this further,
x2 -4x +4 = (x-2) (x -2) . The factored form of the
given polynomial will then be : x3 -10x2 + 28x -24 =
(x – 6) (x -2) (x – 2) . Hence the roots are 6, 2 and 2
which suggests that the length is 6 m., width is 2
m. and the height is 2 m.

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Other Examples:
1. Cora made a box that will be used for the relief goods to be distributed
to different barangays in Manila. The length of the box is 18 feet
longer than the height and the width is 2 feet shorter than the height.
If the volume of the box is 576 ft2, what is the dimension of the box?

Guide Questions:
a. How will you represent the length and width of the box if x
represents the height?
Length = _____________
Width = _____________
b. What is the polynomial equation to the given problem?
(Hint: Volume = length x width x height)
Volume = ______________________
c. Using synthetic division, solve for the value of x.
d. The roots of the polynomial equation are ____, ______ and _____.
e. Therefore, the box has a height of _____, width of ______ and
length of ______.

2. The difference between a number and its cube is -120. Find the
number.
Guide Questions:
a. If x represents the number, write this in mathematical symbol:
“The difference between a number and its cube is -120.”
_______________________________________________________
b. Write the mathematical symbol to standard form.
______________________________________________________
c. By rational root theorem, what are the possible roots of the
equation?
_______________________________________________________
d. By synthetic division, identify all the roots.
e. The number is _____.
f. Check your answer.

3. Write the polynomial equation in standard form if the roots are 3, 2+i
and 2 – i.
Guide Questions
a. Write the roots in factored form: ______________________________
b. Get the product of the factors: ______________________________
c. The polynomial equation with roots 3, 2+i and 2 – i is ____________

4. A manufacturing company produces PPE’s (personal protective

equipment) in a total of x4 + 2x3 -13x2 -38x-24 pieces in a week. If
each worker makes (x - 4) PPE’s in a week, how many workers are
working in a company.

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Guide Questions:
a. What is the mathematical symbol that could represent for the given
problem?
b. Use synthetic division to solve the equation.
c. The number of workers in the company is _____

5. The number of Covid-19 positive patients in the world can be

modelled by the polynomial equation t3 -4t2 -55t -50 where t is the
number of months. With this model, in what month will this pandemic
end?
a. If n represents the number of Covid-19 positive patients, what is
the
b. If t represents the months the virus will end, it must be equal to
________
c. Using factor theorem, determine the value of t.
d. The Covid-19 pandemic will end after ________ months.

WHAT’S MORE
Activity 2: More about polynomials
Solve the following problems involving polynomials
1. What is the remainder when 3x525 – 4x320 -2x is divided by
(a) x – 1? (b) x + 1?
2. If one of the roots of x4 –x3 -7x2 + 13x -6 = 0 is 1, what are the other
roots?
3. When a polynomial x4 –px2 + 2 is divided by x -1, the remainder is 3,
what is the value of p?
4. If x – 5 is a factor of polynomial x3 –(2p + 1) x – 30 , what is the value of
p
5. Determine the polynomial equation when the roots are ± 3 and ± 2𝑖.

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
Activity 3: Finding the solutions
Answer the following problems. Give illustration if possible.
1. Suppose the total number of households in a barangay is expressed as
(6x3 – 5x2 + 2 )and the number of barangays in a certain area is (2x +
1). Find the average number of households in that area.
2. Assuming that you will construct an open box from a piece of
cardboard with length 18 in. and width 12 in. by cutting equal squares
with sides of length x. Represent the volume of the box. If the volume
of the box is 216in.3, what are the dimensions of the box?
3. If the volume of a rectangular cabinet is (x3 -2x2 – 5x + 6) m.3 and its
height measures (x + 2) m, what is the area of the base?
4. The distance of a ship from its harbor is modelled by d= -5t3 + 15t2 +
50t where t is the time elapsed in hours since departure. When does
the ship return to the harbor?
5. A gymnast dismounts the uneven parallel bars. Her height (h) in feet
depends on the time (t) in seconds that she is on the air as follows: h =
t3 –t2 -2t. How long will it take the gymnast to reach the ground. ?
Activity 4: Make a reflection
(Creativity and Communication)
1. Do you think understanding polynomials and solving problems
involving polynomials will help you cope up with your problems in
life? In what way?
2. Give examples of situation where this topic can be applied.
3. Write a journal about how you feel in studying polynomials. What
difficulties have you encountered? What things have you done to
overcome these difficulties.
4. Create your own organizing box with the following dimensions: The
length is 4 inches less than thrice the height, width is 3 in. less than
the height and its volume is 800 in3. Decorate your organizing box.

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

To solve problems involving polynomial equations, here are the steps:

1. Represent the given into mathematical expression.
2. Write the polynomial equation representing the given condition.
3. Set the polynomial equation equal to zero.
4. Make use of factoring strategies to factor the polynomials.
5. Use the Zero Product Property and set each factor containing variable
equal to zero.
6. Check your answers if it satisfies all the conditions.

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

WHAT I CAN DO
Solve the following problems. Show your solution.
1. A car that moves at a constant rate travel (3x3 -10x2 +6x -1) kms. in (x2 -
3x +1) hrs. What is the rate of the car in kilometer per hour?
2. The volume of a rectangular box is (x3 -8x2 +19x -12)cm. If the height of
the box measures (x – 3) cm., what is the area of the base of the box?
3. The government advised all the people to stay inside the house to avoid
contact to people with COVID. A policy was issued, and no one can go
out without quarantine pass. For (x – 5) days now, there were (x3 +2x2 -
23x -60) violators recorded. What is the average number of violators
recorded per day?
4. A manufacturing company produces masks to sustain the needs of the
people for the pandemic. If they produced x2 -8x +15 masks a day, how
many days will they work to reach the target of 2x 3 -19x2 +54x -45
masks.?
5. One of the problems encountered by the LGU’s in distributing the
financial help of the government to the people is the identification of
legitimate beneficiaries. If the amount of budget given to a certain area is
x3 +9x2 + 6x -56 and the number of beneficiaries is (x+4) people. If each
will be given equal amount, how much will each receive?
6. The farmer plows a field that has an area of (2x3 – 7x2 + x + 6) m.
(a) If t the width of the farm is (x – 3) meters, what is its length?
(b) What are the dimensions of the farm if x = 10 meters?
(c) What is its area?
7. A bus travelled (4x3 +8x2-x -2) km. If the speed of the bus is (2x + 1) kph,
how long did the bus took to cover the distance?
8. The volume of a rectangular cubicle is (x3 +12x2 + 31x -28) m3. If its
height measures (x + 7) meters, what is the area of the cubicle?
9. The dimension of a rectangular box is 3 in., 5 in. and 9 inches. If the first
and the third dimension is increased by the same number and the
middle remains the same, the new volume is 140 more than the original
volume. What number is added to the first and third dimension?
10. The total expenses of the government for this pandemic for the last 3
months can be expressed in polynomial as x3 + 9x2 +23x +12. If this is
divided in (x + 4) agencies, how many did each agency receive?

ASSESSMENT
Answer the following questions. Write the letter of the correct answer.
1. All the expressions are not polynomials except
a. 3x-2+ 2x + 5 c. x2 – y2
2
b. 2x5 -4√𝑥 + 3 d. 5𝑥 3 + 3
2. What is the quotient when you divide (3x2 -7x -6) by (3x + 2)?
a. x-2 c. x - 3
b. x+2 d. x + 3

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
3. What is the leading coefficient in the expression 2x3 -5x12 + x8 – 3
a. -5 c. 1
b. -3 d. 2
4. What is the remainder when (2x + 4x -2) is divided by (x + 1)
3

a. -6 c. -10
b. -8 d. -12
5. Jillian divides the polynomial (3x2 + 5x4 + x +2x3 -1) by (x+ 1) using
long method. What should be the correct arrangement of the
dividend?
a. -1 + 3x2 + 5x4+ 2x3 c. 5x3 + 0x2 + 3x – 1-3x2 + 2x3
b. 3x + 5x3 – 1+ 2x3-3x2 d. 5x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + x -1
6. Find the value of k that will yield a remainder of 12 when the
polynomial (2x3 + kx -18) is divided by (x – 3).
a. -10 c. -6
b. -8 d. -4
7. A polynomial px3 + (p+3)x2 -9x + 30 yields the same remainder when
divided by (x -2) and (x + 3). What value of p will satisfy the condition?
a. 0 c. 2
b. 1 d. 3
8. Referring to problem number 7, what is the common remainder of the
quotients?
a. 42 c. 46
b. 44 d. 48

9. Which of the following is a factor of the polynomial (x4 + 5x3 -7x2 -29x
+ 30)?
a. (x – 2) c. (2x + 1)
b. (x – 3) d. (3x - 2)
10. Find the value of k such that (x + 1) is a factor of
kx5 – (k – 1)x2 – 2x + 1.
a.1 c. 3
b.2 d. 4
11. How many possible roots can a polynomial 3x4 + 8x3 -5x4 – 6 has?
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4
12. By rational root theorem, all the possible rational roots of x 3 -2x2 + 3x
– 6 are
1 1 1 1 1
𝑎. ±6, ±3, ±2, ±1 c. ± 12, ± 6, ± 4, ± 3, ± 2, ±1
1
𝑏. ±12, ±6, ±4, ±3, ±2, ±1 d. ± 12, ±1
13. At which value/s of x will the expression (x3 -5x) be equal to (2x2 – 6)?
a. 1, -2, 3 c. -1, -2, -3
b. -1, -2, 3 d. 1, 2, -3
14. Which of the following polynomials have roots -2, -1 and 2?
a. x3 -4x2 + 4x -4 c.x3 + 4x2 – x -4
b. x3 + x2 -4x -4 d. x3 – x2 +4x + 4

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics
15. The volume of a rectangular pool is given by the polynomial
expression (x3 +3x2 --4x -12) m3. If the height measures (x + 3) m,
what is the area of the base?
a. x2 + x -2 c. x2 - 4
b. x2 -2x + 1 d. x2 - 1

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES

“What has many keys but cannot open a single lock?”

1 2 3 4 5
Solve the following problems to decode the answer for the riddle.
1. The volume of a rectangular box is
x3 -13x + 12 cubic inches. If the measure of the
height is (x -1) inches, what is the area of the a. -2
base? 2
2. A polynomial kx3 – (k+1) x2 – 5x + 11 produces b. 5
a remainder of 5 when divided by (x + 2), what
is the value of k? i. 1
3. Find the remainder when 9x -3x +4x -10 is
4 3
17
divided by (x + 1) n.
4
4. If 2x3 –kx2 + 5 is divided by (x – 2) it produces a
remainder of 4, what is the value of k? 19
o. − 3
5. Determine the value of k so that (x - 2) is a
factor of 2x4 –kx3 + (k+2)x + 2.
p. x2 + x - 12
E-Search
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzOj6A7LIS0
2. https://www.slideshare.net/daniholic/math-grade-10-learners-
module
3. https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/solving-cubic-equations.html

References
AllThingsMathematics. (2014, June 23). Solving Polynomial Word problems.
Retrieved from Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYD388w9BlI

Anonymous. (n. d). Solving Polynomials by Factring. Retrieved from Google.

Anonymous. (n.d). Solving Cubic Equations. Retrieved from

OnlineMathLearning.com.

Education, D. o. (2016, June 10). Learner's Module in Grade 10. Retrieved

from Slideshare: https://www.slideshare.net/daniholic/math-grade-
10-learners-module

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 GRADE 10
Learning Module for Junior High School Mathematics

PISA-BASED WORKSHEET

Beat the Heat!

There is no better way to beat the heat than

spending it in the water. Air-fueled benefits
aside, swimming is a great recreational sport
that can be enjoyed by all ages at any time of
the year. This prompted Mr. Sam Beron to
make a rectangular pool at their backyard for
his family to enjoy.
The area of the lot where the pool will be
located is (3x2+19x+20) square units. Its width
is (x+5) units.

Think about this

1. What is the length of the lot where the pool will be located?
___________________________________________________
2. If the height of the pool is (x+2) units, and the volume is 280
cubic units, will you give the polynomial equation formed
based on the given situation?
___________________________________________________

3. What is the leading coefficient of the polynomial equation?

____________________________________________________

4. Do you believe that there’s no better way to beat the heat

than spending it in water? Why?
___________________________________________________

5. What’s your way of beating the heat?

_________________________________________________

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