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Differential Equations: - Engr. Joel R. Palacol

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40 views

Differential Equations: - Engr. Joel R. Palacol

Uploaded by

John Larry Corpuz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

-ENGR. JOEL R. PALACOL


MODULE I – INTRODUCTION; SOME PRELIMINARIES
LEARNING OUTCOMES

• At the end of this module the student is expected to be able to:


• 1. Define a differential equation.
• 2. Differentiate an ordinary differential equation from a partial differential equation;
• 3. Determine the order and degree of a differential equation;
• 4. Define the solution to a differential equation;
• 5. Determine the differential equation of an equation that involves an arbitrary constant.
Def. A differential equation (de) is an
equation that involves derivatives or
differential.
EXAMPLES
A differential equation may be classified into:
a) an ordinary differential equation (ode); or
b) a partial differential equation (pde)
Def. An ordinary differential equation is a differential equation that
involves ordinary derivative or differential.
Examples
y’’’ – 3y’’ + 4y’ = Sin(x)
𝑑2 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦
( 2) + − 𝑥𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Def. A partial differential equation is a differential equation
that involves partial derivatives.

Examples:
𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑢
𝑥 + y + 𝑧 = 0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧

𝜕2 𝑓 𝜕2 𝑓
2 + 2
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
CLASSIFY THE FF EQUATIONS AS ODE OR PDE
EXAMPLES:

All the differential equations given as examples


above are ordinary differential equations except for
nos. 3, 6 and 9 which are partial differential
equations.
ORDER AND DEGREE OF A DE
The order of a differential equation is the order of the
highest ordered derivative that appears in the equation:
Examples:
1. y’’’ – 3y’’ + 4y’ = Sin(x) - Order 3
𝑑2𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦
2. ( 2) + − 𝑥𝑦 = 0 - Order 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
The degree of a differential equation is the degree of the highest
ordered derivative that appears in the equation.
Examples:
1. y’’’ – 3y’’ + 4y’ = Sin(x) -Degree 1
𝑑2𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 4
2. ( 2) + − 𝑥𝑦 = 0 -Degree 3
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
INDICATE THE ORDER AND DEGREE OF THE FOLLOWING DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
SOLUTION:

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