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Paper Reference(s)

6664/01
Edexcel GCE
Core Mathematics C2
Gold Level G4
Time: 1 hour 30 minutes
Materials required for examination Items included with question papers
Mathematical Formulae (Green) Nil

Candidates may use any calculator allowed by the regulations of the Joint
Council for Qualifications. Calculators must not have the facility for symbolic
algebra manipulation, differentiation and integration, or have retrievable
mathematical formulas stored in them.

Instructions to Candidates
Write the name of the examining body (Edexcel), your centre number, candidate number,
the unit title (Core Mathematics C2), the paper reference (6664), your surname, initials
and signature.

Information for Candidates

A booklet ‘Mathematical Formulae and Statistical Tables’ is provided.
Full marks may be obtained for answers to ALL questions.
There are 8 questions in this question paper. The total mark for this paper is 75.

Advice to Candidates
You must ensure that your answers to parts of questions are clearly labelled.
You must show sufficient working to make your methods clear to the Examiner.
Answers without working may gain no credit.

Suggested grade boundaries for this paper:

A* A B C D E
61 53 46 38 31 24

Gold 4 This publication may only be reproduced in accordance with Edexcel Limited copyright policy.
©2007–2016 Edexcel Limited.
 PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

1. f(x) = 2x3 − 7x2 − 5x + 4

(a) Find the remainder when f(x) is divided by (x – 1).

(2)
(b) Use the factor theorem to show that (x + 1) is a factor of f(x).
(2)
(c) Factorise f(x) completely.
(4)
May 2011

2. (a) Find the first 3 terms, in ascending powers of x, of the binomial expansion of

(3 + bx)5

where b is a non-zero constant. Give each term in its simplest form.

(4)

Given that, in this expansion, the coefficient of x2 is twice the coefficient of x,

(b) find the value of b.

(2)
May 2011

3. A company predicts a yearly profit of £120 000 in the year 2013. The company predicts that
the yearly profit will rise each year by 5%. The predicted yearly profit forms a geometric
sequence with common ratio 1.05.

(a) Show that the predicted profit in the year 2016 is £138 915.
(1)

(b) Find the first year in which the yearly predicted profit exceeds £200 000.
(5)

(c) Find the total predicted profit for the years 2013 to 2023 inclusive, giving your answer to
the nearest pound.
(3)
January 2013

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4. (a) Given that

2 log3 (x − 5) − log3 (2x − 13) = 1,

show that x2 − 16x + 64 = 0.

(5)

(b) Hence, or otherwise, solve 2 log3 (x − 5) − log3 (2x − 13) = 1.

(2)
May 2010

5.

Figure 1

The triangle XYZ in Figure 1 has XY = 6 cm, YZ = 9 cm, ZX = 4 cm and angle ZXY = .
The point W lies on the line XY.

The circular arc ZW, in Figure 1 is a major arc of the circle with centre X and radius 4 cm.

(a) Show that, to 3 significant figures,  = 2.22 radians.

(2)

(b) Find the area, in cm2, of the major sector XZWX.

(3)

The region enclosed by the major arc ZW of the circle and the lines WY and YZ is shown
shaded in Figure 1.

Calculate

(c) the area of this shaded region,

(3)

(d) the perimeter ZWYZ of this shaded region.

(4)
January 2013

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6. y

O N x

12
A B

P
Figure 2

Figure 2 shows a sketch of the circle C with centre N and equation

169
(x – 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = .
4

(a) Write down the coordinates of N.

(2)
(b) Find the radius of C.
(1)

The chord AB of C is parallel to the x-axis, lies below the x-axis and is of length 12 units as
shown in Figure 2.

(c) Find the coordinates of A and the coordinates of B.

(5)
(d) Show that angle ANB = 134.8, to the nearest 0.1 of a degree.
(2)

The tangents to C at the points A and B meet at the point P.

(e) Find the length AP, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(2)
January 2010

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7. (i) Solve, for –180°  x < 180°,

tan(x – 40) = 1.5,

giving your answers to 1 decimal place.

(3)
(ii) (a) Show that the equation

sin  tan  = 3 co s + 2

can be written in the form

4 cos2 + 2 cos  – 1 = 0.
(3)
(b) Hence solve, for 0   < 360°,

sin  tan  = 3 cos  + 2,

showing each stage of your working.

(5)
May 2013

 
8. (a) Sketch, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2, the graph of y = sin  x   .
 6
(2)
(b) Write down the exact coordinates of the points where the graph meets the coordinate
axes.
(3)
(c) Solve, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2, the equation
 
sin  x   = 0.65,
 6

giving your answers in radians to 2 decimal places.

(5)
May 2007

TOTAL FOR PAPER: 75 MARKS

END

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Question
Scheme Marks
number
1 (a) f ( x)  2 x3  7 x 2  5 x  4

Remainder = f (1)  2  7  5  4   6 Attempts f (1) or f (1). M1

6 6 A1
(2)
(b) f (1)  2  1  7  1  5  1  4 and so ( x  1) is a factor.
3 2

Attempts f (1). M1
f (1)  0 with no sign or substitution errors and for conclusion. A1
(2)
(c) f ( x)  ( x  1) (2 x 2  9 x  4) M1 A1
 ( x  1)(2 x  1)( x  4) dM1 A1
(4)
[8]
2 (a) 243 as a constant term seen. B1
405bx B1
(3  bx)   (3)
5 5
 5
C1 (3) (bx) 
4 5
C2 (3) (bx )  ...
3 2
 5
C1  ...  x  or  5
C 2  ...  x 2  M1
 243  405bx  270 b 2 x 2  ... 270 b 2 x 2 or 270(bx) 2 A1
(4)
(b) Establishes an equation from
their coefficients.
2(coeff x)  coeff x   2(405b)  270b
2 2

Condone 2 on the wrong side

of the equation M1
 810 
So, b   b  3 b  3 (Ignore b  0, if seen.)
 270  A1
(2)
[6]

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Question
Scheme Marks
number
3 (a) Or
120000  1.05  1.05  1.05  138915
120000  (1.05)3  138915 * Or 120000, 126000, 132300, 138915 B1
a  1.05  138915
3
Or a = 120000 and
(1)
(b) Allow n or n – 1 and “>”, “<”, or
120000  (1.05)n1  200000 M1
“=” etc.
5 Takes logs correctly
log1.05n1  log   Allow n or n – 1 and “>”, “<”, or M1
 3 “=” etc.
5
log  
3
 n  1  or equivalent Allow n or n – 1 and “>”, “<”, or
log1.05
“=” etc. Allow 1.6 or awrt 1.67 A1
7
log   for 5/3.
e.g  n  
4
log1.05
M1: Identifies a calendar year
2024 M1 A1
using their value of n or n – 1
(5)
a(1  r n ) 120000 1  1.05 
(c) 11
M1: Correct sum formula with n =
 M1 A1
1 r 1  1.05 10, 11 or 12
A1: Correct numerical expression
with n = 11
1704814 Cao (Allow 1704814.00) A1
(3)
[9]

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Question
Scheme Marks
number
4 (a) B1

M1

B1

M1

A1 cso
(5)
(b) M1 A1
(2)

[7]

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Question
Scheme Marks
number
5 (a) 92  42  62  2  4  6cos   cos   ... Correct use of cosine rule M1
leading to a value for cos 
4 6 9 
2 2 2
29 
cos       0.604.. 
2 46  48 
 = 2.22  Cso (2.22 must be seen here) A1
(NB  = 2.219516005)
(2)
(b) 2  2.22( 4.06366......) 2  2.22 or awrt 4.06 B1
Correct method for major
1
 42  "4.06" M1
2
sector area.
32.5 Awrt 32.5 A1
(3)
(c) Area of triangle = Correct expression for the area of
B1
2  4  6  sin 2.22   9.56 
1 triangle XYZ
Their triangle XYZ + (part (b)
So area required = “9.56” + “32.5” answer or correct attempt at major M1
sector)
= 42.1 cm2 or 42.0 cm2 Awrt 42.1 or 42.0 (Or just 42) A1
(3)
Arc length  4  4.06   16.24  M1: 4  their  2  2.22 
M1A1ft
Or 8  4  2.22 Or circumference – minor arc
A1: Correct ft expression
(d) Perimeter = ZY + WY + Arc Length 9 + 2 + Any Arc M1
Perimeter = 27.2 or 27.3 Awrt 27.2 or awrt 27.3 A1
(4)
[12]

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Question
Scheme Marks
number
6 (a) N (2, -1) B1, B1
(2)
(b) 169 13
r   6.5 B1
4 2
(1)
(c) x1  x2 M1
Complete Method to find x coordinates, x2  x1  12 and 2
2
then solve to obtain x1  4, x2  8 A1ft A1ft
Complete Method to find y coordinates, using equation of circle or
Pythagoras i.e. let d be the distance below N of A then
d 2  6.52  62  d  2.5  y  .. M1
So y2  y1  3.5 A1
(5)
(d) ˆ  2  sin   6
Let ANB    (67.38)...
"6.5" M1
So angle ANB is 134.8  A1
(2)
(e) AP
AP is perpendicular to AN so using triangle ANP tan   M1
"6.5"
Therefore AP = 15.6 A1cao
(2)
[12]

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Question
Scheme Marks
number
7 (i)   56.3099...
x    40  96.309993...  awrt 96.3 B1

x  40   180  "56.3099"... or
M1
x  40     "0.983"...


x  180  56.3099...  40   83.6901...  awrt -83.7 A1

(3)
(ii)(a)  sin  
sin     3cos   2 M1
 cos  
 1  cos 2  
   3cos  2 dM1
 cos  
1  cos 2   3cos 2   2cos   0  4cos 2   2cos  1 * A1 cso *
(3)
(b)  2  4  4(4)(1) M1
cos 
8
or
4(cos   14 )2  q  1  0, or (2 cos   12 ) 2  q  1  0, q  0 so cos   ...
One solution is 72o or 144o , Two solutions are 72o and 144 o A1, A1
  72, 144, 216, 288 M1 A1
(5)
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Question
Scheme Marks
number
8 (a) y
Sine wave (anywhere) with at least
 M1
2 turning points
 Starting on positive y-axis, going
x
up to a max., then min. below x-
   
axis, no further turning points in
range, finishing above x-axis at x =

2 or 360. There must be some
indication of scale on the y-axis…
 A1
(e.g. 1, 1 or 0.5)
Ignore parts of graph outside 0 to 2.
n.b. Give credit if necessary for what is seen on an initial sketch (before
any transformation has been performed).
(2)
(b)  1   5   11  B1B1B1
 0, ,  , 0 ,  ,0
 2  6   6 
(Ignore any extra solutions) (Not 150, 330)
   
    and  2   are insufficient, but if both are seen allow B1 B0
 6  6
(3)
(c) awrt 0.71 radians (0.70758…), or awrt 40.5 (40.5416…) () B1
  
(   ) (2.43…) or (180   ) if  is in degrees.  NOT      
  6  M1

Subtract from  (or from (   ) ) or subtract 30 if  is in degrees
6 M1
0.18 (or 0.06), 1.91 (or 0.61) Allow awrt A1 A1
(The 1st A mark is dependent on just the 2nd M mark)
(5)
[10]

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Examiner reports

Question 1
Most candidates attempted this question and many achieved full marks. In part (a), a
significant number used long division in order to find the remainder, many successfully but
others making sign errors. Those that used the remainder theorem and found f (1) almost
always gained full marks.

In part (b), a significant number of candidates gained only one mark as they were able to
show that f ( 1)  0 successfully but then did not make any comment to the effect that
( x  1) was then a factor. Others clearly did not know what was meant by the factor theorem
and used long division for which they did not gain any marks.

Part (c) was completed successfully by many candidates. The majority found the quadratic
factor by long division rather than inspection of coefficients. Some of those candidates who
used a method of long division on occasion arrived at the incorrect quadratic factor because of
sign errors. Nearly all candidates who arrived at the correct quadratic factor were then able to
factorise it correctly. A number of candidates did not obtain the final mark as they did not
write all 3 factors together on one line at the end of their solution.

Question 2
The most successful strategy seen in part (a) was for candidates to use the formula for
(a  b) n to expand (3  bx)5 to give (3)5  5 C1 (3) 4 (bx)  5 C 2 (3)3 (bx ) 2  ... . A few
candidates used Pascal’s triangle to correctly derive their binomial coefficients, whilst a few
other candidates used n  3 in their binomial expansion resulting in incorrect binomial
coefficients. A significant number of candidates made a bracketing error to give 270 b x 2 as
their term in x 2 . Some candidates did not consider powers of 3 in and wrote
1  5bx  10b 2 x 2  ... , whilst a few other candidates did not include any x’s in their binomial
expansion.
5
 bx 
A minority of candidates wrote (3  bx)5 in the form k  1   , and proceeded to apply the
 3
(1  x) form of the binomial expansion. Those candidates who used k  35 , usually went on
n

to gain full marks. A significant number of candidates either used k  1 or k  3 to achieve

5b 10 10
incorrect answers of either 1  x  b 2 x 2  ... or 3  5bx  b 2 x 2  ... respectively and
3 9 3
gained only 1 mark for this part.

Part (b) was also fairly well attempted when compared with previous years but there were still
a significant number of candidates who did not understand that the coefficient does not include
the x or x 2 part of a term. These candidates were usually unable to form an equation in b
alone. A common error was for candidates to form an equation in b by multiplying the
coefficient of x 2 by 2 instead of the coefficient of x. A few candidates formed an equation in b
using the first and the second terms rather than the second and third terms.

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A handful of candidates ignored their binomial expansion and gave the answer 2, using their
flawed logic of “twice 2” being equal to “2 squared”. Other less common errors included
either giving an answer of b  13 following on from 810  270b or b  1.5 following on from
not multiplying either coefficient by 2.

Question 3
Q3(a) was well answered with most candidates gaining the mark for establishing the profit in
2016 correctly. The majority used the nth term although some listed the first 4 terms to show
the result.

In Q3(b), many candidates adopted a correct approach using logarithms and established a
value for their n or n – 1 but then did not give an answer in the context of the question, i.e. did
not use their value of n to establish a calendar year. Those who did go on to find a year were
sometimes confused as to which year their value of n implied. A significant number of
candidates opted to take a ‘trial and improvement’ approach by experimenting with different
values of n. While such methods can gain credit, candidates must be aware that they must
show evidence of sufficient work to earn the marks. In this case, examiners would be
expecting to see a value of n that gave the year before the profit exceeded £200 000 together
with the value of n that gave the year after the profit exceeded £200 000 along with the
associated profits. For this kind of approach, if the candidate then went on to identify the
correct calendar year, full marks are possible. In this part, some candidates misinterpreted the
question as requiring the year when the sum of the profits exceeded £200 000.

In Q3(c), a large number of candidates used the incorrect value of n in the correct sum
formula. The use of n = 10 was the most common incorrect value.

Question 4
In part (a), while some candidates showed little understanding of the theory of logarithms,
others produced excellent solutions. The given answer was probably helpful here, giving
confidence in a topic that seems to be demanding at this level. It was important for examiners
to see full and correct logarithmic working and incorrect statements such as
log( x  5) 2
log( x  5) 2  log(2 x  13)  were penalised, even when there was apparent
log(2 x  13)
‘recovery’ (helped by the given answer). The most common reason for failure was the
inability to deal with the 1 by using log 3 3 or an equivalent approach.

( x  5) 2
From log 3  1 , it was good to see candidates using the base correctly to obtain
(2 x  13)
( x  5) 2
 31 , from which the required equation followed easily.
(2 x  13)

Even those who were unable to cope with part (a) often managed to understand the link
between the parts and solve the quadratic equation correctly in part (b). It was disappointing,
however, that some candidates launched into further logarithmic work.

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Question 5
In Q5(a) the majority of candidates could establish the printed angle by using the cosine rule.
Some candidates chose to verify that the angle was 2.22 radians by again using the cosine rule
to show that ZY was 9 cm. A small number of candidates worked in degrees and converted to
radians at the end.

Q5(b) involved finding the area of the major sector XZWX but many candidates found the area
of the minor sector. As an alternative correct method some candidates found the area of the
minor sector and subtracted this from the area of the circle. Some candidates found the area of
triangle ZXY and a minority of candidates made some attempt at the area of a segment.

In Q5(c), candidates recognised they needed to find the area of triangle ZXY and add the area
from Q5(b). It was clear here that those with an incorrect Q5(b) did not understand the
expression ‘major sector’ as they were able to score all the marks in Q5(c).

Q5(d) was met with more success although a common error was to add 11 to the minor arc
length. Some candidates misinterpreted the perimeter and as a final step, added an attempt at
the length ZW.

Question 6
(a) and (b) Most candidates obtained the first three marks for giving the centre and the radius
of the circle, but some gave the centre as ( -2, 1) and a few failed to find the square root of
169/4 and gave 42.25 as the radius.

(c) Diagrams and use of geometry helped some candidates to find the coordinates of A and B
quickly and easily. Others used algebraic methods and frequently made sign errors. A
common mistake was to put y = 0 in the equation of the circle. This was not relevant to this
question.

(d) Use of the cosine rule on triangle ANB was a neat method to show this result. Others
divided triangle ANB into two right angled triangles and obtained an angle from which ANB
could be calculated.

(e) This part was frequently omitted and there were some long methods of solution produced
by candidates. It was quite common to see candidates obtain equations of lines, coordinates of
P and use coordinate geometry to solve this part even though there were only two marks
available for this. Simple trigonometry was quicker and less likely to lead to error. 6.5  tan
ANP gave the answer directly.

Question 7
Although the majority of candidates managed to find the first solution 96.3 in part (i), many
struggled with the second solution. Clearly the limits of –180 to +180 were challenging for
many candidates, who preferred to give positive answers which were outside the required
range. The angle 56.3 was usually found but then it was often subtracted from 180 rather than
the other way round. Some candidates, after correctly stating x – 40 = 56.3, subtracted 40 to
give an answer of 16.3. Just a few thought that tan (x – 40) was equivalent to tan x – tan 40.

Part (ii)(a) was generally well answered with the correct substitutions made, although there
cos 
were some instances of incorrect identities such as tan  = and sin  = 1 – cos .
sin 
Mistakes were due more to errors with the basic manipulation of the equation than a lack of
knowledge of the identities.

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A common mistake came in multiplying the right-hand side by cos  to give 3 cos2  + 2
instead of 3 cos2  + 2 cos .

In part (ii)(b) the quadratic formula was usually quoted and used correctly leading to at least
one correct answer θ = 72. Those who tried to complete the square often made mistakes,
especially in dealing with the coefficient 4. Candidates who attempted to factorise usually
ended up with answers such as 60, 90 or 180 and gained no more than one method mark for
attempting 360 – . The quadratic formula yielded most success.

Some problems occurred with candidates rounding answers too early and therefore losing
accuracy in later steps. Most knew they had to subtract their initial solution from 360 to find
other solutions, but some appeared to be randomly adding and subtracting 180, 270 and 360.

Question 8

Sketches of the graph of in part (a) were generally disappointing. Although

most candidates were awarded a generous method mark for the shape of their graph, many
lost the accuracy mark, which required a good sketch for the full domain with features such as
turning points, scale and intersections with the axes ‘in the right place’. In part (b), the exact
coordinates of the points of intersection with the axes were required. Many candidates were
clearly uncomfortable working in radians and lost marks through giving their x values in
degrees, and those who did use radians sometimes gave rounded decimals instead of exact
values. The intersection point (0,0.5) was often omitted.

Part (c) solutions varied considerably in standard from the fully correct to those that began

with The most common mistakes were: failing to include

the ‘second solution’, subtracting from π after subtracting leaving answers in degrees
instead of radians, mixing degrees and radians, and approximating prematurely so that the
final answers were insufficiently accurate.

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Statistics for C2 Practice Paper Gold Level G4

Mean score for students achieving grade:

Max Modal Mean
Qu ALL A* A B C D E U
score score %
1 8 80 6.40 7.77 7.56 7.26 6.88 6.33 5.52 3.34
2 6 74 4.46 5.82 5.70 5.22 4.66 4.04 3.34 2.00
3 9 7 68 6.16 8.48 7.56 6.47 5.91 5.06 4.38 2.94
4 7 61 4.30 6.86 6.55 5.61 4.48 3.27 2.15 0.79
5 12 12 60 7.20 11.04 10.22 8.15 6.20 4.69 3.25 1.77
6 12 46 5.47 7.95 5.20 3.91 3.19 2.52 1.41
7 11 11 49 5.42 10.48 9.15 7.08 5.48 4.07 2.66 0.99
8 10 46 4.57 7.93 5.73 4.14 2.91 1.84 0.78
75 58.64 43.98 50.45 62.62 50.72 41.66 33.56 25.66 14.02

Gold 4: 14/15 17