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174K views302 pages

জীববিজ্ঞান ২য় পত্র গাজী আজমল সার by Educationblog24.com

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Adrenalin Noradrenaline
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(2017) Sapract etftrertcer GAR ATT Cea Marans aTeraters eet 4 (Major Phyla) 4&8 oT %€ (Minor foe ea aa ace | aA Fae Pts aI Cae fofere HfISie ta BA AT PIA, aera cord eG ae 44 Ros BS TUM aa CaP ef ra NA 4 (Major Phyla) : Qa 4a sterforett sere caf (at aI an OE ORY GHA AAA FA AR TMBOTA 4 ROTA eS AGT (80) #4 sie Major Phyla ferrta SERRE Fal RH AIC | & 0% #4 (Minor Phyla) : ora ada srerforcn ANT, sterfoa age om Hig ar Fo Beal Free CF Ha 14K ON 7A GHEE Minor Phy! ickman er al.(2017) af Integrated Principles of Zoology 2a onan At AR oa eT Rea BAG, aa vf x Phy eee ara 14 1 Frew afb etm ofr vm: NEMA ODA, Phyl j “oon ne Go oo we dla Feet @ cam roca eee Ae ‘ni a1 STANT CARA YS-AATCAN AAT STA, ofefea Usa (SS aa enfterreTe 4¢ FE (chordata) | GPA st ATU (nerve cord) SH, Mis 2 afer; “alsa rere x CAS TNA CTRYATOT Phylum-1 rs fay + fer = to bear, TAMA | Seo ANH Robert Grant 742 aa ISPS SlAV qrerifoa Heal b vent |] ri sefiee ABS : eiltera ACH Porifiera 4a AMAA ATOM SA serara engin cen Se aT er REN | AEN I —sf8u (sponge) A ARGS 1 4a CATS WIA-ATTS AB, De cerca Wel aes CARS GP ae AAeADTA_Cace STA WR al 7 saan GR, Sta CoM am, ery, A, Geld els Car ae aireg SEIT ANAS | CTA Spongilidae cticaa caida BOTT 9 Porifera-a taBy >. OR Tey are fe aie Aer za fy (tissue) 14 Fea A TAS ea) CHT Hatt a ' CAReTTA POM (ostia) TIS SP LATS 1 ‘ aR aaa Rea Ror on eared at CaP erae ate (canal system) rl AAI | HPA AIfereTa AT Fc mea a, 6 CHI] HATTA ACT WA eed PaeBA (spicule) AAS FAT YA aay (spongin) AS Ie ACA CHIOY CTERA HOTA ae : _ HasaTelcd HRATAPHSE (choznocyte) ACT FAR FICS CT afacaeS A A LHTAS OICHT ATHTR | I (5 ora ora Fatere eH, eRe AMOS BETA. ( cats ay enfes faarce cares tata CaS SA is “rim cote (cess) aS og xR tissue grade) sire FOE ATA CH ISAS cafera eI efter cee, Cnidaria AE TS ATO FR SIO Bact eda RPT AACS alee MICA ALOT CaP STAAIA CACATR | STATA G awe aia a odes eT) Gey Acwfaar anficrd AACE HM (flower of the Bi) AVA eae aAPlaereS aM Wa AIL rerfoa 2e% GIT IAT abla WIR faa TREISM Ror afew ae HAA Rain Forest AY SST | 4 Cnidaria-a CafBy 8 & fF. | LS (B ( “ neat r omy § 4 ot STZ Aves be gene ayo >. 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Hassett Precaq (coclenteron) Wa sea afte SH eee VaPOLeM wa | cea ETA Ce Safaer feet 1 Phylum-2 : Cnidaria (Prethtam) ABD : Cnidaria 14S AAA aelies BAI fora, CRUTCH core-foay a, Cahier ai | qiPera sfeiet Free, fry ents ye AOR 1a entera APIA) {PAY AMA (tissue grade) Tecats @ Baty afer ent creas feet cores ai feats (diploblastic); aaa wat afte oa foot wa areca a TRACT ary ae Bor waa aaqwtgd ae Tae Carera ATS] STATA GACAADRt (mesoglea) | ANS farts dara A Bafyw | offer ser ACO stem a1 Ferrari ucts BAY (stinging organelles) WR MGRTE 1 eT aa ATCT STG, AAT AAS CAR srfereraorfaeaey aera STE FTA | FAG SA (gastro-vuscular cavity) ate U1 at faye Wa CYS | Ya 6 AS MH Fa | aay Wecssla 6 Sweat Comores Ais V1 aes #7 (polyp) 6 GIBAt (medusa) | 9 Ata STATA fia y.90 : Bara STAT AR GIP TS 6 GIA GAA FT | fri crates Feifaars aq aifis, a1) atg ATI Phylum = r Jatys = flat, B61 + helminth = worm, SPS GAT IHHTSA Heal ad,8b-a 1) rs ABR; eifFors AT a cee eae SreTEM etm FOR fB5Y-8e tats (tissuc-organ grade) 514 CF AMM | = _STA1 BINT BAR (flat worms) tea *fafow | Bey estas) Rows aH wea | fry BY HATS wera CoM wIIOCS I AISA, Ora wo ABTA =e ae OTT FAIA see BAI CITE +4 Platyhelminthes-<@ CaPMBy >. aR aa, fearte efor @ sel at Ror ae [o-a vit &. cage FifrTgS after (ciliated epidermis) CREA FeEHIA (cuticle)-4 WIw 1 fit 4 ©, areal enh Rare eat wD (Freeraeaa) | =a 8. ooata AT eA QE TBEZ Gla HA tea GIR a @. fate wera Nia te tec sbieaTeTeAt (parenchyma) — INS CUES (HY a1 CTBT (mesenchyme)- 44 ace | &. TAS CH AIF CF (sucker) <1 BE (hook) Sal Gore Bae | \ 9.38 ACR _s WHER aya; _aotea “a-eoaTTS Gari @ Ft CHE (flame cell) FEI Aw | bsfeeien TTT | Sere AT FAP CTRCCeA AIT ae ea | FRRATS TSR | >. ca atta CeRerr; Fore oEEA ax aeRO ACAI ACTA | 9+ Raat omoayr 4 . ONG Ghia GAOT SAF aCHA MNS (larva) 38 Phylum —4 [&s, nematos= thread, F + eidos = form, aIqfe + helminth = worm, FFA yeg ataa | Nematoda 44a ATS PS Glew ererfor ALT Le, coef jf a 1044 etter ASI FAA (thread worm) 1 Cte FAH (round) (organ-system grade) 211 4 ada “TOPS Ty Gogenbaur *4foa AINea4 wefied *fAfBfS : Nematod area AfAATS | al MH 194 HATA arena FAR saree Ura Stree FAFA Ss a 9. ceca Racers AGIA | GAGS Preanens ena weg CM aco CaP areas era aAAcace cn BAA FG | a eed ENA HATA AT, “A AG aire HS Fea | TSR MA reco, FG, Bars o Clare CI Sarat A | { Nematoda-4 Caft8y cra Fare, forty afer, Go ase Gort AF @ awl; STA cores ae FATA AS AAAI | aaa pores Gage Frye) os (unsegmented) | AR AAA; VGA (clastin) MATS aera, AF Afera foe (cuticle)-frea BGS | CABS CTE G MITT ee Fe CAS AY AS 4 FA AA aA CHRTe “ACTA fSwa FA’ (“tube wil tube’) 4atAa T2C4 WOT CHAT | qafen aire CaBat Gob aftqs | WOE 6 ATOR SUAS | J ofeeiet en oat, ate fewetet (sexual dimorp FAR! D0. oaftarre ora: P1ah WAT GTA, THAT a TATA at 4 [eta Rare: ae2 genoa Bo ara aT BIghs © ATE It WA OKs AIM f q ba w | panto, molluscus = soft, 7421 )4@b AIT Linnaeus 4 4G afer FAT 8, aa i) ’ et ABB > Mollusca eiMtertcen AEN Geen AF) cia ore RE OA STEN | CAA PTA SAAT MCA Cth afrn, aren « 9a be aT 1 SBI @ Cafae 2 5 TIT APY Bera TTR Pera SAT ¥€ Mollusea-# af%18y >. GRAM, We 6 IETS. 2. Freie, afta fears efor ¢ Bele) rag He setae | Te ©. MBH (mantle) AF Aoet TAA HR wrta care whe med pte HS BI ATA] celleeea AI a be 8. CRRA Yt Aes © feat (haemocoel)- 4 eH 1% afte REIT | fa 9.9 : Mollusca -3 CaPBy ¢. RA TRA GIG] brIG! ae PACHA ALS] AA (foot)- 4 HANSAAS SAT + SReh arr; ee U aIghea 1 gaftaca AREF (chitin) Fie ao cafe feat DPM (radula) ace (Bivalvia De) | 5. Fe (GABA) Sea PAPA Gea] Gey Get, Ga HT HCN PT AM AA ©. ace fap (hacmocyanin) 8 BHAATAPMRE (amoebocyte) HA AIF | >. Tre sake aera, Teal o Renta Berk Bake adie ade Ae do. se Sere tac ee, UA 8 Ite a > TRTaTe aah fog ferafahe wae fea aCe 2. “nia ‘Omron, C aim. afte ropa Safer feet 1a Phylum — 6 + Annelida comtfatren at ereaarr femfPa, annelus = little ring, Cab SUG + ida = form, arpfe | vod AIC Lamarel AMAA ATA | 2 EA MATE TS GAT arenfea Ae saobeft I) arco ARBRE = TAHT nA Tae pT FH CAC MT | TA-CH NNT TO IGS feordie efor « Rreafehie | omic sree here Coe Sfrrod CHENGS ASA aay emer Fara ST AGA Ara A ATTRA RATS STIPE TAT aie FAT, A fetta 3 eR ro ATH | ofAFaTTEA STAHTSCTAT AA ATH, TALC SEACH evan wea | OH @ Aa TSI HeTATAL TGTTATA a1 Beto | TOA AHO FP a aT Fee com Gray arora FICE aH Bea) IAS CGe erenfe aeeTA | fAfey etenfea io ww ARIA eTGOCA STAT Gila AA FA PLATE | laa 4 Annelida 2aP%87 >. oR aa, Aare, Raria afer, arate Fag RePen-4 aE 4 age PATS | &. EFS TF] (true segmentation) Safes, = SASeTH aSh Te tee A HR tS 1 AA aaioaza PE (setae) aI com *tatcenfSat (parapodia) ©. 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AS AAReT AW (closed) agioa, ate <4 aI fearatfes, Reme@a sea Grange Gal ACF sare ROCA CHEE TE ETE GTR ane asa ert Wo | “* mat, fog ATs RE ORO OMAN Chordata orrnfeze NTE (Chondrichthyes) @ HRYS AAA (Osteichthyes) AAT 2 re THE HT | PTS are ATA @ Hore aPAY TO NCEA AE H- TEATS HITT | SATS ACR OAR AAT TC DIET | | heepger aren conan CeBicare 1 PRE TCE CHEN Cee er ewe 4 RIS WA TSHA TSS Tayo, Fe Gddylet | Syye Aer Aecew 9 UIsts fey tacts | @) thE: oeThTe wire rey Baw sag are 1 afRRTH Mice gree Sears la VI & | SEER: GTS aE conenfy Ate | etre are By PRS | IS TE AT PAS HATA | ARTS AIC IRHAS aT HACE ACA | & | Gererat fag: corre ae FRATATA AIC | GATT ATC STARS aCe | SE ATS: STATS AE NCS AT | APTS ACR ACH | oar corenfage are Bohra | Pare are OTC | PH (Scoliodon laticaudus), #aTS 41@ (Pristis pectinata) Zone cormenhaye ae | Fe ita), Ber (Hilsa ilisha) Tenfr PET 3TR | 9) Se wes vo leey fee. arthron = = ont 3 + podos = fo, 1 9¥87 IE von Se a |e, narege Se etenfa AAT 9,209, 08086 i] ee 8 Arthropoda 2% SnfTertces FRSA fee sane | OY FRATITE , wea & cre | ofa AAAI, aTe-fey, sreng-4, BM. » {CATS AAT AGT ACA AL | aT ABS, THR a Wé Arthropoda-a CPT » co afeue Corey, feerdta efor, eae cae Drew (tagmata)-¥ (BY Get CUAR-WSsS, TH ‘ fee FES STAN] TI ALSTE] WIA (antenna) 6 ANAT STS FEA (compound eyes) AMF | > TRSeR HAA (chitin) ARS axe Fafw cafe a1 » Sem adee 6 ofisiet area ace af fort coc!) | b amd Bare afsefSe eq Wet (mouth parts) (2S =a FalSy ATT are GESTURES 1 5. 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Same qe, meas Gasices FY SI aa A CHAE BATA (metamorphosis) we I s er A ee ans “5 Fares ALT Pda 6 enn your Capt | us polyphemus ba Phylum -8 (antba, echinatus = spinous, Horm + f%, derma = skin, ¥# + ata = to bear, HIT Jacob Klein a4 AFA FAA | 4 CAA “STS GAT eEMHSA AM] 4,¢cofP |] aified ARABS : 14H WIATA (sea star) Ba 49 feTz Echinodermata *4 Aare CRATE | TH STA VIG 4 ied AeNCR APA Oral, APTA ofe4, a xP, TG oH TAS CHA, STATON XH A] TATA OST GATS | PTA HA fra, 6 OF-Oy Tay, serfs | Ham aereeATEM! eT Soa GaHAAE | Grea co Mile rN aswRTTETe Ca | te endoskeletal plates) cata ora 4151 Barre eH | Fiblocen Rear, aa CADCCHT ROMR & eka SHETVOA GAAS SPN ATT USAT YA PI MGT AM, Tae a A e ra ER Ne aa FAG | Sia HIE aeRO eae eh cafe cat] ATH | HS: AHS Mas ATA seTACATSTY AZ 1 #4 Echinodermata-# CAMs >. af sia} sterertr effet (pentaradial syq ayers, wee, ciere, viefoa aargfoa, fog ami mim feerdta efor 1 2. AR FGA, “NA (spine) ¢ cofefrenfa (pedi¢ ANS aReearTYS | | . 7 GAR (oral) ¢ ONS (aboral) SrA FM orl Ate wpTAeTTERIA If (ambulacral grooves) OE Foeta FATA cars HB SAAT TETAS se} (water vuscular system) 4CHt@ 1 aa ACHE ae FOBT AT (tube feet) Mera DAA S| a wale 7PM, HT TRANS FT eH | . TS ARS BAAS Sra at (haemal) chorda = cord, 7%] + (8 ata = to bear, ss | oA MATE FS SNS SUAS ALT Vr VAP TOTHAY TAA tT 6 AY gy | TS ATA, PHT GI | CITT reeR TeaCeTA Hs ITS | MAR BAG TROT TTA SEA | PUTO etic eel Ara one ET 6 AS SOLS | ATTA MATA ATAASS OTR eH ATR A 14 | RITA FEAF ATTA GIANTS AA A SABA Het MTA SCALA Ol AMHB | Ae od we% Echinodermata <@& Hemichordata | 5@searn, fear Tafa, BAS ae, ME ey 82 6 TS BaPETTR 2 enfiga Verfer ta Fw yReta Ie ’ Tea ora AAS | 2-5 (Ha CQNAIBA reer (omfirerara) | = ua - Branchiostoma pat FEM Berd aR Vertcbrata Late Feats « Zao arate Lek DCAD tae aE Bad eT eIA co R GEAR (cranium) COA HOS TEA FA TH 9B ARTI &¢,araf 1 Sy Slattery fasty 1a Vertebrata @ Creme etttora ciFiearT re cafafaar saat BF Vetebrata WS Superclass 1 Stara FES ; Agony T) Cyclostomata “1 (11) Gnathostomata. Superclass - 1 : Cyclostomata (TRATPOPIDI; {8 cyclos = round, CAT + stoma =mouth, SPS OIA 6 cae Carats; yd ciara @ coafora niVTS, aa ATS enews wefing a1 SAIS 1 4 Superclass-aa SAA GeACTA STATA] TeMTR- GAG ZR Class—Mi ‘BAIS Class—Petromyzontida (faRHA; GE myxa = slime, fafa sTaa) g a WRT BMA (hagfish) aa ao 1 aa MAA, cere opie, SPOR SeACAG A POAT WE GA Ha | TATA AI Yo Aenifoa Sole aeace, ATS sift @RA AIR (celsfish : BU. QUES S De @ VERY ‘Adana Rea ure | >. GR SRR, Piter aye ace ais, pty nef 1 Was wahkw cae orang! Teta FIGS | ©. TARA HAE GIG @-De CATE FAH TH TAPZS | 8. Blafeota aPrar-aA aaigara YS | a GOAT ATS GIR AAT GaP syataer aes RTA A? Myxine glutinosa (ffs) fea >.00 : Myxini exfta vrei ar anni Cephalon pes ner si Bae eset cee aor) ee io ace net eenfes -ree arate | ATS AGS Ras fea ara wT Rosa SETS ‘wine farsa aCHR ata] TH | fea cE MOTTA (ammocete) =e — ; 4, peiros = stone, “FA + myzon = Si eta PASTS eC Class -1 SChondrichthyes\(wehen, We of a of Gnathostomata-7 &%9 caf? | TEA 4 cars ete a oft orb Ure om BAS CHB | aS Ac oe, sre a FATT OT ATA aE HID mT f vans ett NN ae Same WU WIFWE (placid; [a Fora wT : weet a Re G-9 CONG ETF LH CPST CHCA ARCA BS | BAPTA (heterocercal) ATA; Bele -oe-s4 eT PUA NECA TTA SAAS | COMA SALA MTS HTS ei = Scoliodon laticaudus (9 =43) fea >.02 : Chondrichthyes cifa scab a1 Class -2 Actinopterygii (urefBrrenbRae, Be actis = rays, 3P'] + pleryx = fin, < SAEs aTReren aT ANIA aE (ray-finned fishes) AIA AAO 1 4 exes SEAT | SIR NITRA AH DU% 4 CHP TILT 1 A, aH, 2, TS, aw, ola Ars lames gee oy 25 BT 2 : > & afin eae IMATE AREAS (cycloid; crete) a1 AACE (ptenoid: See orgy | fey crea SHB AR Seren afer | ee, Re BI eet aa &% BAfeS UW AAA (operculum) + ieee (homocercal) 4074 She, Rota TR a AB (swim bladder) orACe FICE CECH aTeTE et ay as Safeway fests a Class — 3 :{Sarcopterygii sairbiercbfafer; (2% sarkos = flesh, WPF + pteryx = fin, 4 BABS ws art WIE (lobe-finned fishes) a 1 FRBTAIAA HAM, 4 g ATTA ATR CAT 6 Bpa AIT ora Cova cals SUAS NECK | TENET Ay af SARS TE | 2 cota MEA (lungfish) TTP, HP eTCAFETL 6 SGT FES | waaface, (Coeilacanth) 71m fAfow HE aye SAS AAPA s Srarcahraa Sage FES | aay SU RMAY 2) . OR Bea oanci afasea IACI Ife) Hara SE! STIS | Bere SPE MM HATE aoe aes PTH TH AUCH M1 ATATH fre GS | Ha AF (swim bladder) TSAAMAYS LA WAT G CO UMATS AMG FA 1 oa (diphicercal) C44 Ula PRM GEMS sePS ZA w aaaty teat fees cre fica APES | ae or Latimeria chalumnae (Prererg 31) Neoceratodus forsteri (@CRraTA *f") fea 9.08 : Sarcopterygii aia eerie aTR Class — 4 Amphibia (surefen, {8 amphi = both, BSA + bios = life, HA) 4 Gifts PTS Bw As Boars Adee Dra A AAA AST OH Sealer | AA CAS A (tetrapod) ea afw | FAS Aa Wis HASTA al (ST awe aw UPS IG B feraa WO | 4 Fa @ Cates PTA Boos (oral + AACS fAoat) ATT FAI Sti Cova erenfoa Ae 9,900 | aa AUT TERA Bova gents avefb, ata anfeals: FATE 2008 | asec (v,rovlb) dia-ofeB Boos (Ie Form) | >. aaa Getete, arses (ectothermic; crea Clam acta wlesTa Ae Hea) DEM CHAT enh | ATS eA wera, Fey A GIR Gas I seI | & FP, OY, afer, wee ATT TA) OB ArAD0 QT Or ae “a 8, TS Tm Fae 6 AIS GAR IGA, |S o Zaeaae Se Alea TTT @. Rete fer erate nf ante (afer) aay aad CofaA (Fem) ease AS Tel Soa sea AAPA erenfoat. ae qeTSa AAT Y0,8¢of a seam @ ge Ts (US | CHR OB G AVIA Tew Bt (scale) a1 1S ced (plate)—4 siqw 3 Pa ANTS OTA MCT | NANT PaL_9d (QT 3 fara (Fem) wryferd fuitee ae ais aati ba-eice fia TST 1 PRPS Acs GATS S| (Oa DNA AST AT RAH CHACA STGS CH 1 farqbera HIN ARTA Fata APB By, a Hac CHC ATT NT AA ra Oo ae ‘punctata (®*A) Naja naja (crea =) Gavialis sania foa 9.0 :Reptilia eta scrote a1 =e: aot os 6 ast Peibies mea a aa dar oh See ae Class - 6 -JAves (SIfSH; ATR, avis =bird, #2) oT 8 OA CREE I GRPHAICATET Serra ZeATR wl fA AIC AfAfw 1 ena Teas, tO oe fia @ was Tf ACH aTeTANS CAP | STeT, we, on aaIcs oA Se Gard ante sre HA AT REA WOHAS | GF TATA YVAta AAS Atglos fara A (SH eens nf ras GwoTS Fall HATA Cl aera Pate ser fq Cre Soe Fee A | TERT AAAS yo RTCA AP erenfos Mf scaTR 1 MA BEATA TAT THA IA Cnt Samece afeaeeTa WG AH CR! ATTA CAE ITH IAB STSXTER (adaptation) ™4q Bal 1 PAWAM( cf M4) rat Gk RK (feather) P FAR ‘S* 1 8 Beart oe OM ae SR SP (wingy-m RMTAFAS CE ° OR Hrefaam bm (beak) TS afats AHIR | Siafaer fasts a To AAAAAF (pneumatic) ¢ ATA, HAF 2S GAGS TAR | ; Seen ey aor tee (air sac) 1 KE, aw ACER CHTS TAA AB MTN ITAA FO RAIA AY STR ATs aoa ' 7 ache 8 carbene afb smitinl (rH) « fe coftien (Fem) | SNZATHA CAIAD onftea *Rtca® olan ACAPRCAHATE (warm blooded) #1 MSE (endothermic) s Frc | Class-7 mmalia (Uri <1 SATA, “oA mamma = breast, G7) afore -_ oftaerara ards ante) feos SIfaee Zaz Mammalia Gif | G CRA TIGA CATH UH FA S00 CHS DA vata AM fefiaR FAfoa Ie, SIGS @ Tye ACHE | Matas AAA ACH Gal © ieee AERIS FAL STAM SIT AITTS Hee a meme (nf, wT, TOCA YAR) ARs FG AI Fea CCR | THAT ATR & BTR sTeUOR FAR | TNS 2 Gifs TAYE AA | ww ¥2e3° Ornithorhynchus anatinus < (ator) Macropus rufa (#1*1#) fom >.00 : Mammalia aia sare en Preropus gigamtius (aga) Panthera leo (PRR) aft rege Fatty after (esta, orarBrurt Renfh) ae CAPT (hair) -4 wIAw (FOR aw afar @ ena ereofa waMAE (mammary gland) Ces WS WHYS THES aT afasecd PAT (pinna) @ wears FSA -yUTAy acs | cone ASA ACTA HOTS De catcega) stn Po 9 Ora sea gee aCe | q Te cries aoaite REPUPTA | 2, yy adhe ame oReCaTH wae wane pea Sa! M ae . Spee Be ata ACA BIGLE AS wine fig one ag “a 89 Ste _ GreAEy eR Swed, fey Hem SceS cata fot warn Fe $ Le aaa se xg >. Wars 6 8 cyl seTS | QR CHDe CNG HARA TATA aC | =< Petromyzontida | >, ATPATA HTSAS, COTTA RAPA We S98 CNG FAH HH AU | Fei; Gnathostomata (RAISIN) : FS OTA ¢ AMAT GIG fia at cafes >. SOISa Wet aay Hy fy : Chondrichthyes PRY RG MATE Ae BGS | XS BTA Baie CARS aA SONS SAAT | >, Server OPH ae He ARETE fg: Actinopterygii | @ fPACME xara BIH! GIS | 2. TS RATS aera BIS Aes oats Sergio ATA | >, Sarwar Gg ae cry sptacNe | Latimeria chalumnae (® AA AAC GIGS | Neoceratodus forsteri (SCaPTa" 2. He WARE acs Saig BIN] Protopterus annecten 6 BST AAT aaIGT BH Boys | (Cats ah aaah one era cre fica afew 1] >. FORE AY, afer 8 FS | Hoplobatracus tiger 2. BATH Bf @ Poigety afb ea Hylarana ay cor acs arta >. HR VB aay CPE BES St mp Hasibuh Hassan Sagat Po: RafbaraN g Stew AAT aca eta aT | Cato] ACHR AA aie, ta, DAA, THIS, STOIATas, Ae Bosihacs | A anata Weg GAD aH eigfoa we wfba soca GAReTA | 4 SOTER sseeneret Hydra-a Fes eerfoete mom am wea wraps ela Hydra fusca s ARNT connyta veins fica ufo wet airs | Hydra viridis 2 TRNAS CUrgT Veit fara B-rib ae Ie Hydra vulgaris 2 ARNCoIEAA cTyra VehTe Faca U-Sofb PR AICS fate SIAC 4 Sia Brein (1955) aa Ww af 45 far wa SEI Hydra A rte Hoe core SorAPO MT CTA TAT 1 Garena 9 CaPtiBrce BfbreIcos (totipotent) act | aed 6 of as fof (Chidaria) *T4ge vA TycAa wee ei | atfteMCeH aft eg aft (diploblastic animal) AI APS) cera caf zee Potten, Sent for Seer) | ES Chidaria ew FeSeR aon ogc a A eqrrer 6 TSS) care ofare eta Sy wera AE en) aT fore acoTErs core ¢ RET APE (epidermis) A ATSTEM cos CHCA ABTA MTRUTST ETA z (gastrodermis) 77% <1 SOPOR erry MBcwTEF (Antony dAog ATH VAG ifewa Fear | tgTAT Giver (Abraham Trembley) 3488 : —_ 1S WHS] IIT TTT oa sige fore GET afOHS FACE TA oe TF ARB VCO | da@v AIA Bear ffARPT (Carolus Linnaeus, 1707-1778) «a amy se Hydra | SF WEA TA NTA GVA ATP Hydra-a AHA al GA | GATOR er Frey SIT STS AACA YS AT TA CAP ATA RTT | Hydra & QIACAA ACO) RATA A HASAN ee Sea HS MS, TY AAG AAT FE MANA AHH MAGS A | HAAS AEM TACHA a ATA CER) BIA WGI RIA anit fogma owyy (wa) weet Hydra-a RBA eat EAE FRAT Aydra-s eS BofA ACH | CHA ae, FATA He] GOTT ae BAT fefers TUR ATI Fal BW) ov ANA eae eT CEA @ eT 4 pew Yea (Bangladesh Encyclopedia of Flora and Fauna, vol.14) Say Sqarm STA © eerfSa AIGA Beas oem AA: (>) ara . (Porat a cot (Stenotile or j Penetrant) : Hydra-a 0a ara GTA UAE WY eT S FRG | eH IH ARI, BI, AL UTS, We is aa fad ae Shy ad oc for or ere | Prrcaa care ae FR ea Pare RICA econ StH UIs TE @ WE aca coro, EMTS (Volvent)): sora weTETES SOLES SE, Ge, ST, HERE fea ao. : fafSy eae CANOES: &, fm ee Te NGS CHT mITAETA feoA rf Fae oP ae rw ace, Ray Fife gory TR CRI ga ou, cela 3 siacy 4a FAC AC FS AST TAO AHHH wear aft Prats Fea TA aR *! / Komieen cum OT Pate (Streptoline glutinant) ; afetarterca h ‘ibe a exhort S| eee Si eH Nea De oe RT 8. COROT YAS ( (Stéteoline*glutinant) SOC RISA CANDID; i aiowrn ort Baw 8 a SEN ay aa ee onetime yoo a RTC are Rewes itee a : (Mechanism of discharge of or ee tneee) CUCOROT EE Frey ay esa aoa 0 eet Pronan a seek FR HRT AY CUTAN ICA FICEPTRG iy BA 4 effete a BG Pr Hydrag Fretadt wa Prea-ores apie Sere CATCHES ebleaa enTERTE UG Ue | aw efit FSUTA TS Mh orem Werra afezatte ite GF TH erm foe =f Fara og ants ofatets oegars Y TCS FS A FSweA tet TaN REPOS we feo fore TR FS eH oS a wna a ag aa TR EF AR Airs Re CAI Fetcm et ATAT at yes 8 a wee eee ae Bre TCRTEETS TRA I eA A SETI START RT ‘afta MIC fA Ficerit? 7 f2q TT TAS MCUPTA afextiw aa) castes woe AERC (st TTEH) aH aR STL SHTORTETET-. ca theca ae are ere > aft core at cotP-srtaa} cats (Nutritive cell or Musculo-Epithelial Cells) : *M@aTEIR refira SI SH SO GE ATH CATE A 1 OTE cA TaTaTA ae ATE ay FOTN RANE | A ae rere GR, ACSA WBA cof as APE RA CALETA AACA OTA Fea | forse YS AGS HAS Gers (SS sea of! cormereTice TSA TIA Fal TA, Tat- i, BUM IE (Flagellated cell) : aeceTa FS ew y-iF eta TSH ICSI AS ac | fi, SAA GIN (Pseudopodial cell) : GOTTA TH ARATE! on + Bn 12 Bm: Cf SAEAOTHT ALCHTOA-LTATTA TT HU AF @ aC Beas a @ BikaTa CHE “| Fite eft.atrece Fm fan we aro Peta (oohincis a austell a FST SITS SH TAY RE FAM ARTS Fea | ICT a aA BIC Ze yeh aT aH SAE | SATA HTCRS HIM AIATS A TAINS AT Hea WSR AMAIA AAS FA Ug ARR sf IS (Gland cell) : fefFeers “erates Fs SKS A TA SA | QOS AT Fh ORR PRATT HAS, HUTA WH ae ahr TAS | 2) > CP acne FO | STE BOTH FS HY @ CHP eGahANA | GOTT BAST AA ACT i fRBerT Fats (Mucous secreting) : at Sere BRIT Ge BAAS ca ffi Ren Fat Fa | i, RT Fats (Enzyme secreting) : TVA Ut carer TTA MCT Renee Sy TSR FAS A 3B: ets afer fae ter wd SPS eGR AAT FA SATAY AIC SCS PUR -ag a aoe HANTS TAT WA | + gore cof. PA9.99 : Hydra rr SE a | POC ore COTE APIA cae a Re Ae, ar Fe ARTO | © SET ATR, CEPR, Oa, ECT see Hydra-% FBLA DL REDT AA: GIT TOSS MAPA TT ATE GETerah fare ACO | Tee Sere Breacoer, TEN TT Seas eT Tawa aero afters ACE | RUST: SEH ATT T CREM ATTRA YE BT Racer MICA CRT oa | GR: GSTS asics TSI aARTeT Irae aa | secrets aaece fSy Cee exw ee oT 81 CET 6 STE: srarcertty fee carne aera TATA cenfeo =H, OTT ART 5S 7 SRS ee ITE ARRTOTE TTT aE Rema oe fae aT EH CHE = ¢) 38 Rere: sexciie afore ays By ae STAT PES eT SRecaTaT aT Tas Soy Set fates afer tee Paes A 80 Baraat TOT Ae SAUTE (Neive celle: ra care afte cies APRS, AIT Fe Fy GS entree caer e ae ovate “rae a Fe ts equ sro Ree } 15K FA | Bre ACA cares eS Valera Balsa FAS a STH | iM AN Or Jona (Mesogloea) Aydrass EPR sae aac sah cola We, 7, feo wae g Te | Goria wat org o shal Gon UIA AGE, wea sar ARCH ATTA ae ATH-breeee oF 1 crenfaar a aera fori om-vrefea afore alee erred efocay aeRy eee afteod ATT WA St) Aydraa GM a oo. Waa 1 MTR Coy Bera TS TOA OTA TE SBI TTA | ar BB : (i) AMAM CARA AAT ALAS Sea Ae IS ATT TAA SRT RO EG aq, aorta afb careecaa PSRAC TE Hea | (iii) AALS @ ALAA STROMA ae copfi-aregsh ACeT I TATRA Mat wa) (iv) Gonaua aafee crash cere ¥ AHRT REST ATO CHR At BAR CHT BA TR CHR AeA FER SW it) (fa) WA as oa fapra ane ) FacacAFT (Coelenteron) Hydra’ CRA (90S FARES Viel Tae POAT Ta | oi ICE Afagu ] aon afascarata fiers WE rae , aReeitht aflIF (Extracellular digestion): cera aca aeraga aonece aera a ET ie Soe oc “ee on ea pre rae CR HRS Set HTH sfSetcea fw z : Bema Sore seiner rH aoicta Ce COMBE ATE | “Seaman satay ot: a IC OT GaP av Ibe ea Ferg TACK OREM a we Gere RE: A Me crea BG et eH HG rN AEE | 9 CTC CH ea fear #0! IATA SH TRY Hydra eye eE HETe Do | eR RBS Hydra eee || Hydra-X 8 (Reproduction of Hydra) . after Bs A ACK THA OT etOTTRT oT Sha AB Bea LF WAR A | a effeTa hq Fae AT TOTHFSTEA (SCA) a ae srefoa Sey RETA ARCUHTSTA « sm aflame reaTeOTS (CAA) FE IGFET Rea APE A | Hydra BA IR Ben eter zee wea WA BAA (Asexual reproduction) ‘i SOAS Ber IR Co wT Ph A BIE CT BT TA | A IS GA aforw Gee AIG Ol SS ALA Gites HW VA Hydra WA BAR Sa, VAI FECT o Rete | — |\—} |\——— (Budding) : fF aay Barra sfiere aA SSM | FRIA AA ayes fA aA er a FIs AS A] AAA ATI AA cat WE as a afer 74g V1 CA fa 2.9.99: Hydra-a TRETIC oOR 1 RTS TS Grea ATIC aI FRA CTA a rehions BaP or we fuiew a aes AUS Bes HE ea iF Serie cmt ay ea iat, FATeTA EH (bud)-a SATS V1 cS APC, GIT AR a STAUSID yan \o ha ee eo WRB MERE cae of axe aa 35 CANES athe eH AU, RTT @ aA | ; V. Ry Shafaean fasta a i meio Fores: SE ve CHT IAC IR AR aT STOTT see FOR Re cece ere BRUTA Berfe BI ii cee Reet = career rae TH TE TGETAETES TAHT we AES * cgaameoten efforara AGA RIE STH ATS FTA | Ss | reproduction) Re oe att he Bowe a fre WHICH (Sarid 6 Sx) Ae AT! | Hydra-t Gia erace STemTOrTa Bfaeta era FOaAG FAcararIye ea AM, COR-OER ay Rees s ARIA | >. gh erate AB: Sfeeie! VET gat (dioecious), SCA FE AR Bele (mono, 6 UIE | Bole was cas VAs AE a, Bad STAC ASA ACA fata ATS a RTT) ACTA BGATCTA AST MSTA Aca AA Cree HATA wrt 7H ZA Ae GAB Sa) CAINS MATERA WaT AERP aca | Fic CrTAICAA BeAly @ ana TORT SG offer aera Sa Fal RA | | SF Waatera BeefS : SEIT WETS HIATT ceed Corea BC @ ARAMPVIA FB QPS SUAPOM A NS HS OITA BH A A GTA CHTOTHTA WURTAH (testis) AP 3a Ack cold Atot at emt (nipple) ae ARTS CAMICAA oy i SORA Ue THY Va | CaP Cold Alba afore sanfiebicercaPt (spermatogenesis) 1 WYER Ti seria seer safe Boao eM Aad RHP afeaa few aca ~Micoret fat (spermatogonia) 4 a ea gern Fea COTES (spermatocyte)-9 "ATS 1 score -TATCOPTAG Fer Ror FA Bf ea Bac “IMSS (spermatid) ery wa G.waely (sperm)5 Pftp-RH, a ee fore ae wes ea Shes ait A ATIS (middle piece) aay Gato i, Fe, barra org (tail) fra to 1 Serer ben sory wes ores fe aie, fg roe ray Sa se ae ew rg BoreP OPI caren TATA FRoTECTA We MAAS tere feng foarte (ovary) "fe wa 1 teers fear ¢ as 2 oe (ova) @ Ba 1 etferare foerreTA aa fabs , Fees (Fertilization) : SerIy fate aH coRPteTA Fete FIA itt ae AF | 98-8b WA wey fwrdcs Ae sare al pia Sag Se cen 8 SUFRCTT UG FAT fous Rena Med eee ae eee fenea vias fra cre | oefeee arly FERIA saa COM ACHE wrafbHT eoRIgR a aT AA ASS BOI ACTH Hy Bea rae ral Bere (2n) BRENT (zygote) sha era wo, afagba (Development) : CPs @aTahTs ARasera mer Seti Cie re eft orem AREA TH | STRUTS AAT sete AAA EDA cifras mere oft RETA afer aM | zee argoaera Peat oP TR cre aT | fb 2.9.20: Hydra-a APACS H1PPTR = SR GMorila)): sited RGM ef ara Fears en eT, aes GT Gre ite za | ace HEM | al s AR A reams afte I Gate Vien, cHreteTa Set a ary AOTC FSOAATA (blastomere) 448 a (lsccol) am omit AMEE ToT) AM! Spoils A BY Gtafaeaa froty ora Hydra-% YRS (Regeneration) @ aiferarn Carl eata Zale a AB BEN MSM CHIC CHR AAR Bea WIS PALS (regeneration) AA | zur aire fame wre] ACTH) STgTAN ATA (Abraham Trembley, 1744) 424 BUT arene WISI caret Fea | hase Ie ARES UH TUT ace AGS FAI I AA AAS! WZ ge ET Get RANA GOS AHCI BA AGA ALU If! wea) fos wedd Sa YA AS! AEH aA Gig GTA etw (oral end) colts: Sat 6 ABTS ae AMS ats (aboral end) clc# amos 1S BWI Hydra 9 AGA FOKAI ST AAPA AINA Beat-4 ANP TAS aa APTA Fa AACR 1 4B atAcaA AAA a et HAL SAAN QaPOMA (Hercules) AH ae “Sea TWA AF WATS TG Ie CRO CHAT 2 BCA AG MIA TEES 1 Hydra-X 8764 (Division of Labour in Hydra) See Gteas cree PafSq TF AI Wea AC “Agar ertaatla BI HCH AAA Ga FAH at) Aare GTA AAs WI Hydra-a AR BA a1 oa ASS zal coraer STROH Bea ATS AH LSTA YAS YAH SNL HPA WA | Hydra-A AAG Frey PRR ATA MRD 06 coe ces ot eos a a OTH, DAR @ PIS Mata FIC IT CA | FEA, CaP © Sa Hee AR Se heer Alea Be OF GR STEM, Pea ls Dea TABS ZA | ; ifsc corre fafa Craters atest Fal aera FE | AA aE FEF AE Talat TUM Saye afore yf sea a FMA WN FCA | > oe TTRaRic afar ASA s fey sara aTETeT Peat bial PCN Bet fom 2.9.29 : Hydra-t anata fat te fAcaAEt (Symbiosis; Ke. symbioum qenoyT Ba VbweIca Hea RO TACHA BTR etc ee FH a wT Sayles Aca’ (eymbion!) shydra viridissima) ATA® AS 28 Zoochlorella ane afoetee WS AM AM | Zoochlorella A AS Care ARYA MCRTE Iq sega CART SER SAPS Chlorohydra @ ATS al Aa sea rae aA Rus aca care ge GARTH | FUCATETOTCS IA] AACA ATR CT UagS BI caer ats Borat 1, Fem: Mates ARES HIERTEM (Ausra) cofA-araaAl cae ore ot; ii, AMARA : RGA APC 7B CO,-c4 ATTACH SOTA FT TIAA Fea, iii, MOURA : TREE Fe ers Bye ARTE ae mice safe Doha fafoy wre aTaeTA era Hydra® QS CHB i SORE : AIT cares eiferay Cat TAT egw wa wl Bye Bet ses Sea VA a BIS ATA GU Ast ea; i, RT: ATR THI tate O, fe wa BAG Ol AA TaVla Ba; iii, COZENN : TAG WIA FB CO, MATA aka gra Aes WTS Fea; iv, WOR: VU fice 42 N,-vibw aoh Cra TSS Aw RoI AAU HALES ae was = live together) _ arate wet >. Aydr i)» faba areta Cfeers yea raprerat farcareiet aacenfaara rachis < (ii). SPAT SFG (hermit crab) @ A enficrtcrd (sea anemone) Tes Frarsifast Fon ster, fi (iii). 3a, Chlorohydra viridissima 4a Gaver AGS Mra, Zoochlorella-<4 WAT Are Facereifae | FERS meres CANTATA SLA Ica RID Hydra-a BA wee gaa fires ee Hydra- SATE MOTE Sta, as ATS Fara, ca APTA > cet Tere; ames cee @ STATS TH | 5 FS ere wahee capighe ARTO YET TAPES | ». 8b Shafter fasta ma SV aH : aPTeAwe (The Grasshopper, Poekilocerus pic SRC Wel Ue ca afsafifoe tem (insect): ATOR wfeta TORS A afer are fAfy ara MP TeLG eel aI HATA BH faa Pea | APTAAB a STI (locust) AIC Afafow | voce aA ata wana sp fed THA wae are Cay RE SAY IATA Yea AY | FAAS WATS ACA ALI! IS CACY A I yErwSa ae wale carey CAO TAT FTA CHATS Tea | HATA TEA AeA “PHO COA Sr ATT Sa epraite array aft ora aera afeseem, ari forielare ore (Tas, THe oma), MARTE ott, SIP enh a aTETY] CONCHA AVA ALA CF IAC IAA Insecta GMIQS AARy a FIA SERS Fa Wi VA GAwirto wey cars rarer’ aifeca enferd oA, TZ ay ay “aprrfee’ 1 eprefee qeacis, aai-ara oniPoare uPrrwe-eal Tettinonidae coe eoPoarye UPrA’e Acrididae Cita SEF | Poekilocerus pictus BANCAA CACA ACB | UPR STATOR | em fi aera erenfoa wPreGe “Ane wal Zoe AICATA G orfe cx fe g a, PATA AMS CCR AVC BOR Acrida exaliata, Phlaeoba infumata,Choroed robustus, Xenocatantops humilis, Chondracris rosea, Cyrtacanthacris tatariea, Eyprepoo rosea, Aulacobothrus tuteipes, Hieroglyphus banian, Gastrimargus marmoratus,Oed abruptus, Sphingonotus longipennis, Trilophidia annulata, Gesonula punctifrons, Oxya fusco Spathosternum prasiniferum, Atractomorpha crenulata, Chrotogonus trachypterus, 8 Poekilo pictus. Reference : Srinivasan, G. and Prabakar, D. 2013 A Pictorial Handbook on Grasshoppers of Western Himalayas. Girone Tay Sere ea ePTatgS Phylum : Arthropoda (fiat, eatafihts seem) TEL PI eneTa sbane aI Class : Insecta (REACETEI afi om) ee i aera RR ie ame Subclass : Pterygota (Wrrfafi2 217) Order ; Orthoptera (qreTgl wrafafZ) Family : Acrididae (@31 Ico) Genus : Poekilocerus Species : Poekilocerus pictus Saeahonre Prete Fie Feeora “frat (migratory) a ( wrrefbe wacerd ents fate By cout HATS RABAT ES FRED IM (cuticle)- VtFT | As wHTA APReAteHhT (hypodermi master EH STIS CRASH GANG (sclerite) AME wa cexcda Te] stom Ae pe a. ara FRCRITEN ITA (suture) ATH ATOeT tay Farce TFS | area Coefon stars cre At FRE ALY FACS aia | Feebara fers @ feo AIM Hata asre sta1d (pigments) Baio aefayel CART UTI , 2G AE EAS MA TATA AOCAA WET SATS aca FSS, COTA #, Wut (Head)-P, CPA 4 ALATA FRA FLA | ‘ VATATY] MG ICG CATA ACA AA SCA aR IRA FA | ¢, & (Thora ' «1 Sea (Abdomen) -8PR 71 “RAAT (spiracle) ae SAA enitaliae) 4TA4 FA | ya GAH Es wer sa) eprefpcns wi afswerem ornare arerat ara( Gthty) (notum) core aw, muy 6 SPORSTRS DMC TUE GAATBTN (pronotum), GIGICATBAT (mesonotum) @ GIBIeaTonT (metanotum) Hr | THT ST BUC a RO EL i (prescutum), ¥6R_(scutum), FAT (Sscutellum) ax cHPogeAM (postscutellum GARD fir be) efeoneia fataNo SPerPT_(episternum), A Toe meron) ae on (Parapteron! feat TRS | WIA WEST MMS Gaba cease aI ABS) Sa RICE | a OMIT GalG SIO FAT TA | es eee ee fom 2.2.9 : UPR aa TBE 194 (AMET) 305 (Head) TRE care Baehee ign) sr eet san aceatembryonic segments) 77a fe (Pe see cate aPioTfS orgfod aae ARAMA (hypognathous) “aera Sais yee FTA SA fies ft Sgn wa | Tes Geld cae ¢ Pafears Aare AAICT THY WA CARA FATA BAST Fa Shrike Stas mca qware fafeq face CHATS ea | HUTA RECS A QE NTT ‘bead capsule) 31 ICEFIRE (epicranium) | MOCHA aRswaT TASH AT ASH, CTIA CATA Resse seat eNom (vertex), YI GAYS COA (gena), PKA fre vee Boe (frons) ay Bors te STTSTaTA caiohhy oi (clypeus) | HPrRBeaa TeE forte ase a crf (ocill SpICBAt (antenna) @ 4s GE ot (Legs): efe Fa weos omic coceret 3a aid ente afege par er on feat ee GR FPA ATAT ET FG ST ees | oe @o Slafawan freta a & SEH (Ocelli; AFAdT-ocellus) ; WB aa HS ysnhra wat FSA Ase AE | ACOTS CHAT YF, WE PSUaa Fifi 6 FROME TTS ATA ATE FAH sty Gare sere seTetTE | COHATON waCHe MABE “PATA AW (nerve fibre) FAPEs | a STATS CAA HTH TCH UAT GABAA ACH] FIG FTA | ! ©, SOBA (Antenna; 4BAeA-antennac) 4 HF : UPreG ta yenfea ATCA, sea AMM SCBA TAS MICH | SITE GAS ATTA Cac BETCARA ACA Ae BHVICHTOS] ACAI ATBICS aoe aan PM, Il @ TOA SISA FTA | CHM, CHB o BTCOMT-o FAT set Few erreps Hide cof sls few | MCSA ce Tel o tty ef acce AEs | 8, Wea (Mouth parts) : waa drat fra Gafye Aw, APS Carrere cay Te PTB ea TOT TUS TREAT BAAS | HSI 4 Fe BACH ARS IaH Was VF4-SocagN (chewing) TI WSIS (mandibulate) Fury WA 1 Awl Berm WI We- Te, wis, wife, nfs s Vacs | wprafhaa wetter RBA Tet 2G crICS Bee vie dTafSa AOI ae Gots SB (lip) 739 FAQS, THY 1 GAY MATS AWS ICA | A STA sas Ge GaGa cae ara | ste areata aay mise face ora free @ wm Ace He aa | qomafRat (Mandible): ava yas orafye, force © seen at aft area feetaa face Apri Faces Wo] HieyS gio Borers am wee a GT 2 OE Serer ore wat A Sets SAT ATT RATCHET (icepote) ot) | Sie ot an aes Sr Srerr Tre Set PEF ASST VAT FH (coxa)

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