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7 QC Tools For Process Improvement PDF Case Study

The 7 QC tools were introduced by Kaoru Ishikawa as systematic and scientific methods for problem solving and process improvement. The 7 tools include flow charts, cause and effect diagrams, check sheets, histograms, pareto charts, scatter diagrams, and control charts. Each tool has a specific purpose - flow charts illustrate process sequences, cause and effect diagrams identify potential causes, check sheets collect and tally data, histograms show output variation, pareto charts prioritize issues, scatter diagrams examine relationships, and control charts monitor process variation over time. The 7 QC tools provide simple yet powerful methods for examining processes, identifying problems, and facilitating process improvement.

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EDWIN M.P
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276 views

7 QC Tools For Process Improvement PDF Case Study

The 7 QC tools were introduced by Kaoru Ishikawa as systematic and scientific methods for problem solving and process improvement. The 7 tools include flow charts, cause and effect diagrams, check sheets, histograms, pareto charts, scatter diagrams, and control charts. Each tool has a specific purpose - flow charts illustrate process sequences, cause and effect diagrams identify potential causes, check sheets collect and tally data, histograms show output variation, pareto charts prioritize issues, scatter diagrams examine relationships, and control charts monitor process variation over time. The 7 QC tools provide simple yet powerful methods for examining processes, identifying problems, and facilitating process improvement.

Uploaded by

EDWIN M.P
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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→ 7 QC tools for process improvement are systematic and scientific methods for Problem Solving

and they are used for Product and Process Improvement.


→ 7 QC tools is a systematic and scientific method for the Problem Solving Technique.
→ It is used to solve 90% of shop floor problems very easily and it improves our workplace.

From Where did the 7 QC Tools come?

→ Primarily Kaoru Ishikawa introduced the 7 QC Tools.


→ Ishikawa has known for the “Democratizing (Visual Aids/Symbols) Statistics”.
→ Good visual aids make statistical and quality control more comprehensive.
→ Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa was a professor at the engineering college at Tokyo University.

Why we use The 7 QC Tools for Process Improvement?

→ The 7 QC tools for Process Improvement is a set of graphical techniques identified as being
most helpful in troubleshooting issues related to quality.
→ It is a fundamental concept to improve the process and product quality.
→ It is used to examine the production sequence, identify the key issues, control fluctuations of
product quality, and give solutions to avoid future defects.
→ This facilitates the organization to resolve the basic problems.
→ These 7 QC tools are easy to understand and implement and they do not need complex
analytical/ statistical competence, hence it is simple yet powerful.

What is the use of 7 QC Tools?

➝ It encourages the way of problem-solving and improvement.


➝ They are very simple to use but it is very powerful.
➝ It is a scientific approach for problem-solving.
➝ We can get an 80% result by applying 20% of the effort.
➝ Each tool has its own specialty for problem solving and analysis.
➝ It is very easy to understand, communicate, and use by the shop floor operator.

The 7 QC Tools:

1. Flow Charts
2. Cause and Effect Diagram (Fishbone or Ishikawa)
3. Checksheet
4. Histogram
5. Pareto Chart
6. Scatter Diagram
7. Control Chart

Note: We are considering here the Flow chart in this article as a part of 7 Basic QC Tools. Also,
you can consider stratification as a part of this tool.

[1] Flow Charts:

→“It is a diagrammatic representation that illustrates the sequence of operation to be performed to


get the desired result.”
→ It is a visual representation tool for a sequence of operation, therefore, we can easily illustrate
the Internal and external operational boundaries.
👉 Read: Different Types of Flow Chart Explained with Example
[2] Cause and Effect Diagram:

→ “It is a meaningful relationship between an effect and its causes."


→ It guides concrete action and tracks the potential causes during an investigation of the effort to
determine whether the item significantly contributes to the problem or not.
→ The cause and effect tool is a very popular root cause analysis tool.
→ Fishbone diagram can identify all possible cause(s) for the problem.
→ In this tool, we can find possible causes with the help of 6M concepts such as man, machine,
material, method, measurement, and mother nature.
👉 Read: Cause and Effect Diagram Explained with Case Study
[3] Check Sheet:

→ "Check Sheet is a structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data."
→ Data collected by the check sheet is used as an input of the other tool and data can be collected
based on asking question by what, when, where, how.
→ The purpose of a checklist is to summarize the data and a tally count of event occurrences.
→ A check sheet counts the number of occurrences of an event, such as defects or non-
conformance.
→ Hence the Check Sheet is also called a "tally sheet ".
→ In many cases, a checklist will summarize countable data related to certain types of defects and
will provide a rough graphical representation of wherein a part of the process, defects occurred.
👉 Read: Various Types of Check Sheets Explained with Example

[4] Histogram:

→ “Histogram is a type of bar graph representing the frequency distribution of the data from a
process.”
→ Karl Pearson introduced Histogram and it is a bar graph representing the frequency distribution
on its every bar.
→ Histograms are used to show the output of our process matches the customer's requirements or
not?
→ Also, we can take the decision based on the data patterns plotted on the graph either the process
is centric or it is widespread.
→ "Is the process capable of meeting customer requirements?“
→ The histogram is the best Frequency distribution tool.
→ A histogram is a pictorial representation of a set of data.

👉 Read: Various Types of Histograms Explained with Case Study

➨ Types of Histogram:
→ Normal Distribution
→ Skewed Distribution
→ Double-Peaked or Bimodal
→ Multipeaked or Multimodal
→ Edge Peaked Histogram
→ Truncated or Heart cut Histogram

[5] Pareto Chart:

→ "It is a bar graph arranged in descending order of height from left to right”
→ It is a graph that shows the order of the largest number of occurrences by item or by classes and
the cumulative sum total.
→ The Pareto analysis helps us to prioritize where we can get more benefits by applying fewer
efforts.
→ It is also very popular as a prioritization tool.
→ It communicates the principle of 80:20.
→ The Pareto Principle gives us information about Vital few from Trivial many, Hence, It is
"Vital few from Trivial many".
→ It states that 80% of an effect comes from 20% of the causes.
👉 Read: Pareto Chart Explained with Case Study

[6] Scatter Diagram:

→ “Scatter Diagram is used to study and identify the possible relationship between two variables”.
→ It is the best validation tool.
👉 Read: Scatter Diagram Explained with Example

➨ Different names of the Scatter Diagram:


→ Scatter Plot
→ Scatter Graph
→ Correlation Graph
→ Scatter Gram

➨ Different correlation between two variables in the Scatter Plot:


→ Strong Positive
→ Moderate Positive correlation
→ Weak Positive correlation
→ Strong Negative correlation
→ Moderate Negative correlation
→ Weak Negative correlation
→ Random Pattern (No correlation)

[7] Control Chart:

→ “It is used for studying the process variation over time."


→ It is a plot of a process characteristic, usually through time with statistically determined limits.
→ When used for monitoring, it helps the user to determine the appropriate type of action to take
on the process depending on a degree of variation.
👉 Also Read: Control Chart Explained with Case Study
👉 Also Read:
1. Flow Chart | Process Flow Diagram | Types & Examples
2. Cause & Effect Diagram (Fishbone or Ishikawa)
3. Check Sheet | Different Types & Examples
4. Histogram | Different Types of Patterns & Examples
5. Pareto Chart | Example & Principles
6. Scatter Diagram | Types & Examples
7. Control Chart | Types & Examples

👉 For a regular update:


➨ Join us (Telegram Group)
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👉 See Also:
➨ All Topics
➨ Lean Manufacturing
➨ ISO 9001:2015 & IATF 16949:2016
➨ 7 QC Tools
➨ MSA, FMEA, PPAP, APQP, SPC
➨ Six Sigma & Lean Six Sigma
➨ QA & QC Topics

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