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Questions On Momentum

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Sutharsini Kangeyan
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264 views2 pages

Questions On Momentum

Uploaded by

Sutharsini Kangeyan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Questions on Momentum

1. Calculate the momentum of each of the following objects:


a. A 0.50kg stone travelling at a velocity of 20ms−1
b. A 25000kg bus travelling at 20ms−1 on a road
c. An electron travelling at 2.0 × 107ms−1 (The mass of the electron is 9.11 × 10−31 kg.)

2. Here are two collisions to picture in your mind. Answer the question for each.
a. Ball A, moving towards the right, collides with stationary ball B. Ball A bounces back; B moves off slowly
to the right. Which has the greater mass, A or B?
b. Trolley A, moving towards the right, collides with stationary trolley B. They stick together, and move off at
less than half A’s original speed. Which has the greater mass, A or B?

3. Two balls, each of mass 0.50kg, collide as shown in picture.


Show that their total momentum before the collision is equal to
their total momentum after the collision.

4. A trolley of mass 1.0kg is moving at 2.0ms−1. It collides with a


stationary trolley of mass 2.0kg. This second trolley moves off at
1.2ms−1.
a. Draw ‘before’ and ‘after’ diagrams to show the situation.
b. Use the principle of conservation of momentum to calculate the speed of the first trolley after the collision.
In what direction does it move?

5. The picture shows two identical balls A and B about to make a head-on collision. After the collision, ball A
rebounds at a speed of 1.5ms−1 and ball B rebounds at a speed of 2.5ms−1. The mass of each ball is 4.0kg.
a. Calculate the momentum of each ball before the collision.
b. Calculate the momentum of each ball after the collision.
c. Is the momentum conserved in the collision?
d. Show that the total kinetic energy of the two balls is conserved in the
collision.
e. Show that the relative speed of the balls is the same before and after
the collision.

6. Copy Table on the right, circle the correct


words from each pair.

7. Discuss whether momentum is conserved in


each of the following situations.
a. A star explodes in all directions – a
supernova.
b. You jump up from a trampoline. As you
go up, your speed decreases; as you
come down again, your speed increases.

8. A ball of mass 0.40kg is thrown at a wall. It strikes the wall with a speed of 1.5ms −1 perpendicular to the wall and
bounces off the wall with a speed of 1.2ms−1. Explain the changes in momentum and energy which happen in the
collision between the ball and the wall. Give numerical values where possible.

Sripratheepan Momentum 1
9. A snooker ball strikes a stationary ball. The second ball moves off sideways, at 60° to the initial path of the first
ball. Use the idea of conservation of momentum to explain why the first ball cannot travel in its initial direction
after the collision. Illustrate your answer with a diagram.

10. The picture on the right shows the momentum vectors for
two particles, 1 and 2, before and after a collision. Show that
momentum is conserved in this collision.

11. A car of mass 1000 kg is travelling at a velocity of 10 m s−1.


It accelerates for 15 s, reaching a velocity of 24 m s−1.
Calculate:
a. the change in the momentum of the car in the 15 s
period
b. The average force acting on the car as it accelerates.

12. A snooker ball collides with a second identical ball as shown


in the picture.
a. Determine the components of the velocity of the first
ball in the x- and y-directions.
b. Hence determine the components of the velocity of the
second ball in the x- and y-directions.
c. Hence determine the velocity (magnitude and
direction) of the second ball.

13. A ball is kicked by a footballer. The average force on the ball is 240 N and the impact lasts for a time interval of
0.25 s.
a. Calculate the change in the ball’s momentum.
b. State the direction of the change in momentum.

14. Water pouring from a broken pipe lands on a flat roof. The water is moving at 5.0 m s −1 when it strikes the roof.
The water hits the roof at a rate of 10 kg s−1.
a. Calculate the force of the water hitting the roof. (Assume that the water does not bounce as it hits the roof.)
b. If it did bounce, would your answer be greater or smaller?

15. A golf ball has a mass of 0.046 kg. The final velocity of the ball after being struck by a golf club is 50 m s −1. The
golf club is in contact with the ball for a time of 1.3 ms. Calculate the average force exerted by the golf club on the
ball.

Sripratheepan Momentum 2

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