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GenZooLab Activities - MODULE 1

The document describes experiments using a microscope to investigate why a mobile phone was not charging. [1] The student observed the problem, formulated the hypothesis that using a different charger would allow the phone to charge, and designed an experiment to test this. [2] The experiment involved using a different charger and plugging it into an outlet. The results showed that the phone started charging with the new charger, supporting the hypothesis that the original charger was broken. [3] The student then concluded that the previously used charger was broken since the new charger worked to charge the phone.

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616 views5 pages

GenZooLab Activities - MODULE 1

The document describes experiments using a microscope to investigate why a mobile phone was not charging. [1] The student observed the problem, formulated the hypothesis that using a different charger would allow the phone to charge, and designed an experiment to test this. [2] The experiment involved using a different charger and plugging it into an outlet. The results showed that the phone started charging with the new charger, supporting the hypothesis that the original charger was broken. [3] The student then concluded that the previously used charger was broken since the new charger worked to charge the phone.

Uploaded by

Mikayla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 1: ACTIVITY 1

PRELAB
1. Observe the surroundings and state a problem in a question form beginning with
“what”.
Observation: My mobile device is not charging.
Problem: What seems to be wrong with my phone, with my cable or charger, or with the
outlet? Why won’t it charge?

2. Formulate the hypothesis. For single observation, a number of hypotheses may be


formulated. However, a discerning scientist can limit these to two or three. Analyze the
prevailing environmental conditions.
If I replace my cable or charger with a different one, then my phone will start charging.

3. Devise an experiment to investigate the veracity of your hypothesis. Outline the


steps below:

a. Materials used
A different cable or charger
Phone

b. Procedure
1. Use a different charger for the phone
2. Plug the charger into the outlet

c. Results
My phone started charging.

d. Analysis of results / data


The phone started charging after I used a different charger.

4. Draw Conclusion. Assuming that your experimental results supported your


hypotheses, what is your conclusion?
I therefore conclude that the previously used charger is broken since the new and
different charger used in the experiment worked and charged the phone, thus
supporting my hypothesis.
POST LAB

1. When is a problem considered Scientific? What are the limitations of science?

A problem is considered to be scientific when it can be answered through an


experiment. A scientific problem is viewed and approached within the ontological
constraints of methodological naturalism, which provides the foundation of scientific
method. The limitations of Science includes the proof of the existence of God or any
other supernatural entity.

2. Enumerate some of the problems encountered when using the scientific method.

Prior confidence in the hypothesis being true/false can affect accuracy of observation
and interpretation of results. Also, mistakes can occur in recording observations or
inaccurate use of measuring instrument.

3. Cite a particular day - to - day activities that make use of the scientific method.

Example in baking. When determining how long to bake cookies, one is using the
scientific method. The hypothesis might be "if I bake a batch of cookies for 10 minutes
then they will be perfectly cooked." You would then test your hypothesis by baking the
cookies for 10 minutes and then checking on their progress. You would then analyze
your results based on how they look after 10 minutes ("the cookies are burnt, it took less
than 10 minutes to bake them" or "the cookies are perfectly cooked after 10 minutes").

4. Why do theories have greater certainty than hypothesis?

In scientific reasoning, a hypothesis is an assumption made before any research has


been completed for the sake of testing. A theory on the other hand is a principle set to
explain phenomena already supported by data.

5. What are principles?

A principle is a proposition or value that is a guide for behavior or evaluation. It is a


fundamental truth or proposition that serves as the foundation for a system of belief or
behavior or for a chain of reasoning.
MODULE 1: ACTIVITY 2

PRELAB

1. Draw the Compound Microscope and label its parts. Do this in your Laboratory
Manual, p.6, Figure 2.1. The Parts of the Compound Microscope.

2. Before you do the Manipulation of the Microscope, please CLICK this link,
https://www.microscope-shop.com.au/microscope_maintenance.html (Links to an
external site.) for you to know and understand the following 10 Tips on Microscope
Care:
Handle the microscope with care
Keep lenses clear of slides
Clean after using
Cover when not in use
Look after the bulb
Store in a clean dry place
Use only special lens paper or wipes in cleaning
Keep user’s manual ad wrenches in a safe place
Perform maintenance check
Have the microscope serviced professionally

3. For the Manipulation of the Microscope, please follow this VIRTUAL LABORATORY
http://www1.udel.edu/biology/ketcham/microscope/scope.html (Links to an external
site.) and DO the following:

a. After the examination of the letter “e” in both the Low Power Objective (LPO)
and High Power Objective (HPO), in the VIRTUAL LABORATORY provided, draw its
images seen in the said objectives, in the spaces provided in the Laboratory Manual,
Figure 2.1 for the letter “e” under the LPO, and Figure 2.2 for the letter “e” under the
HPO, p. 10.

b. Determine the Total Magnification of the microscope in both objectives used


(LPO and HPO) if hypothetically the microscope has an eyepiece of 10X magnification.
Show your computation in your corresponding drawing of the images of letter "e".
WHILE LAB
Check-in Activity

Why do you think the Primary Image is said to be shown by the Objective lenses, and
the Secondary Image by the Ocular lens?

The objective lenses are the optical elements closest to the specimen, that is why the
primary image is shown. The ocular lens, is the second lens, which forms a secondary,
further enlarged image. By multiplying the magnifying power of the objective lens and
the magnifying power of the ocular the final magnification is found.

What is the significance of the cedarwood oil in the use of the Oil Immersion Objective?
In microscopy, more light equals to clear and crisp images. By placing a substance such
as cedarwood oil with a refractive index equal to that of the glass slide in the space filled
with air, more light is directed through the oil immersion objective and a clearer image is
observed.

POSTLAB
1. Describe the direction of movement of the image or specimen in the slide when the
slide is move to the left, to the right, and up and down.

The image through a microscope is always upside down and shows the opposite of any
movement you are doing. When the image in the slide is moved to the right, it appears
to move to the left and vice versa, and when it is moved up, the image moves down and
vice versa.

2. Which objective covers a wider field?


The scanner or the objective with 4x magnification covers a wider field.

3. Which objective gives a larger image?


The Oil Immersion Objective Lens or the objective with 100x magnification gives a
larger image

4. What is the effect of shifting from Low Power Objective to High Power Objective on
the microscope field?
Changing from low power to high power increases the magnification of a specimen
since the HPO has greater magnification than that of the LPO.

5. Discuss the importance of microscope in the study of science.

6. Identify whether the following microscope parts are mechanical, illuminating or


magnifying structures;

a. Base - mechanical
b. Mirror - illuminating
c. LPO (low power objective) - magnifying
d. Stage - mechanical
e. Condenser - illuminating
f. Ocular - magnifying
g. Fine Adjustment knob - mechanical
h. Diaphragm - illuminating

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