ZEE-SECTION COLD-FORM SEEL CALCULATION

ACCORDING TO BS-EN1993-1-3 (EC3)

Cross-section parameter input
h = 200.0 mm Section height
bp1 = 68.0 mm Flange width in compression
bp2 = 62.0 mm Flange width in tension
c = 25.0 mm Edge width fold
r = 3.0 mm Internal radius
t = 3.0 mm Section thickness
n = 4.0 The number of 90° bends in the cross-section
Section classification Class 4
Material parameter input
fy = 350000.0 kN/m2 Yield strength
fu = 500000.0 kN/m2 Ultimate tensile strength
fyb = 350000.0 kN/m2 Basic yield strength
fya = 383157.9 kN/m2 Basic yield strength
E = 2.10E+08 kN/m2 Module of elastic
G = 7.93E+07 kN/m2 Shear module
ν = 0.300 kN/m2 Poisson's ratio

γM0 Resistance of cross-sections to excessive yielding

= 1.000
including local and distortional buckling
γM1 Partial factor for resistance of member instability
= 1.000
essessed by member checks
γM2 Partial factor for resistance of cross-section in tension
= 1.250
to fracture
ɛ = 0.819407451
Member parameter input
Ly = 6000.0 mm Member length in plane
Lz = 3000.0 mm Member length out plane
Action iuput
MEd = 10.00 kN.m Effect moment of member
NEd = 20.00 kN Effect axial of member ("-" tension, "+" compression)
VEd = 20.00 kN Effect shear of member Reference
Check of geometrical proportions EN1993-1-3 § 5.2
The design method of EN 1993-1-3 can be applied if the following conditions are
satisfied
b/t <= 60 = 22.7 <= 60 OK
c/t <= 50 = 8.3 <= 50 OK
h/t <= 500 = 66.7 <= 500 OK
In order to provide sufficient stiffness and to avoid primary buckling of the stiffener
itself, the size of stiffener should be within the following range:
c/b1 >= 0.2 = 0.37 >= 0.2 OK
c/b2 <= 0.6 = 0.40 <= 0.6 OK
EN1993-1-3
The influence of rounding of the corners is neglected if:
§ 5.1 (3)
r/t <= 5 = 1.00 <= 5 OK
r/b <= 0.1 = 0.05 <= 0.1 OK
Gross section properties EN1993-1-3 § 5.2
Abr = 1140.0 mm2 Gross secsion area

zb1 Possible of the neutral axis with respect to the flange in

= 98.4 mm
compression

zb2 Possible of the neutral axis with respect to the flange in

= 101.6 mm
tension
Iy = 7052204.5 mm4 second moment of area about y-y axis
Iz = 1188422.5 mm4 second moment of area about z-z axis
iy = 78.7 mm Gyration radius of area about y-y axis
iz = 32.3 mm Gyration radius of area about z-z axis
Iw = 8.64E+09 mm6 Wraping constant
It = 3420.0 mm4 Torsion constant

Wy,c Section modulus about y-y axis with regard to the flange
= 71653.4 mm3
in compression

Wy,t Section modulus about y-y axis with regard to the flange
= 69425.8 mm3
in tension
Wel = 69425.8 mm3 elastic section modulus
Calculation plastic section modulus Wpl
A1 = A2 A1: Above area section, A2: Bellow area section
yc,pl Possible axis above area saction equal below area
= 97.0 mm
section with respect to the flange in compression
Wpl = 82098.0 mm3 Plastic section modulus
Effective section properties of the flange and lip in compression
The general (iterative) procedure is applied to calculate the effective
EN1993-1-3
properties of the compressed flange and the lip (plane element with edge
§ 5.5.3.2
stiffener).
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Obtain an initial effective cross-section for the stiffener using effective widths
of the flange determined by assuming that the compressed flange is doubly EN1993-1-3
supported, the stiffener gives full restraint ( K = ∞ ) and that design strength is § 5.5.3.2 (3)
not reduced (σcom,Ed =fyb/γM0 ).
Effective width of the compressed flange
EN1993-1-3
ψ = 1.000 The stress ration
§ 5.5.2
kσ = 4.000 The buckling factor EN1993-1-3 § 4.4
λp,b = 0.487 The relative slenderness
ρ = 1.000 The width reduction factor
The effective width is:
beff = 68.0 mm
be1 = 34.0 mm
be2 = 34.0 mm
Effective width of the edge fold
bp,c/b1 = c/b1 EN1993-1-3
= 0.368
§ 5.5.3.2 (5a)
kσ = 0.556 The buckling factor
λp,c = 0.480 The relative slenderness EN1993-1-5 § 4.4
ρ = 1.000 The width reduction factor

ceff EN1993-1-3
= 25.0 mm The effective width
§ 5.5.3.2 (5a)

As EN1993-1-3
= 177.0 mm2 Effective area of the edge stiffener
§ 5.5.3.2 (6)
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Use the initial effective cross-section of the stiffener to determine the
reduction factor, allowing for the effects of the continuous spring restraint.
b1 = 58.2 mm
distance from the web to the centre of the effective area of the stiffener in
compression (upper flange)
kf = 0 for bending about the y-y axis
EN1993-1-3
K = 1780.8 kN/m2 The spring stiffness per unit length
§ 5.5.3.1 (5)
Is = 24989.0 mm4 The area effective second moment of the stiffener

σcr,s The elastic critical buckling stress for EN1993-1-3

= 1092325.7 kN/m2
the edge stiffener § 5.5.3.2 (7)

Thickness reduction factor χd for the edge stiffener EN1993-1-3

§ 5.5.3.2 (3)
λd = 0.566 The relative slenderness Figure 5.10d

χd EN1993-1-3
= 1.000 The reduction factor
§ 5.5.3.1 (7)
EN1993-1-5
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§ 4.4 (2)
Effective section properties of the web
hc The position of the neutral axis with regard to the flange
= 98.4 mm
in compression
ψ = -1.032 The stress ratio
kσ = 24.627 The buckling factor EN1993-1-5 § 4.4
(Table 4.1)
λp,h = 0.577 The relative slenderness
ρ = 1.000 The width reduction factor

heff The effective width of the zone in compression of the

= 98.4 mm
web
he1 = 39.4 mm Near the flange in compression
he2 = 59.1 mm Near the neutral axis
The effective width of the web is:
h1 = 39.4 mm Near the flange in compression
h2 = 160.6 mm Near the flange in tension
Effective section properties
Effective cross-section area
Aeff = 1140.0 mm2
Position of the neutral axis with regard to the flange in compression
zc = 98.4 mm
Position of the neutral axis with regard to the flange in tension
zt = 101.6 mm
Second moment of area
Ieff = 7053649.4 mm4
Effective section modulus
Weff,y,c = 71668.1 mm3 With regard to the flange in compression
Weff,y,t = 69440.1 mm3 With regard to the flange in tension
Weff,y = 69440.1 mm3 Effective section modulus
EN1993-1-3
Check member axial tension
§ 6.1.2

The design resistance of a cross-section for uniform tension N t,Rd should be determined

Nt,Rd = fya*Ag/γM0
Ag = 1140.0 mm2 The gross ara of the cross-section
Nt,Rd = 436.8 kN
NRd = 436.800 kN.m Axial tension resistance of member checked
NEd/NRd = 0.046 <= 1 OK THE CHECK
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EN1993-1-3
Check axial compresion
§ 6.1.3
Resistance of cross-sections
If the effective effactive area A eff is less than the goss area Ag
Nc,Rd = Aeff*fyb/γM0
If the effective effactive area A eff is equal to the goss area Ag
Nc,Rd = Ag*(fyb+(fya-fyb)*4*(1-λe max/λe0))/γM0
Nc,Rd = 436.8 kN
EN1993-1-1
Buckling strength
§ 6.3.1.1
Slenderness for flexural buckling
λy = 0.991 Non-dimensional slenderness regard to y axis
λz = 1.207 Non-dimensional slenderness regard to z axis
λT = 1.129 For torsional and torsional-flexural buckling
αy = 0.340 The imperfection factor use buckling curve b EN1993-1-1
§ 6.2.3
Table 6.3
 EN1993-1-1
αz = 0.340 The imperfection factor use buckling curve b § 6.2.3
αLT = 0.340 The imperfection factor use buckling curve b Table 6.3
Φy = 1.126
Φz = 1.400
ΦLT = 1.296
χy = 0.603 The reduction factor lateral buckling y axis
χz = 0.474 The reduction factor lateral buckling z axis
χLT = 0.518 The reduction factor lateral-torsion buckling
χ = 0.474 The reduction factor
The design bucklng resistance of a compression member should be taken as:
Nb,Rd = χ*Agfy/γM1 For class 1, 2, and 3 cross-sections
Nb,Rd = χ*Aeff*fy/γM1 For class 4 cross-sections
Nc,Rd = 189.2 kN
NRd = 189.170 kN.m Compression resistance of member checked
NEd/NRd = 0.106 <= 1 OK THE CHECK
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EN1993-1-3
Check member bending
§ 6.1.4
Resistance of cross-sections
If the effective section modules W eff is less than the goss elastic section modules W el
Mc,Rd = Weff*fyb/γM0 …(6.4)
If the effective section modules W eff is equal to the goss elastic section modules W el
Mc,Rd = fyb*(Wel+(Wpl-Wel)*4*(1-λe max/λe0))/γM0 …(6.4)
Wy = 69425.8 mm3 The appropriate section modulus
Mc,Rd = 24.3 kN.m Bending resistance of cross-sections
EN1993-1-1
Buckling strength
§ 6.3.2.1
The design buckling resistance moment of a laterally unrestrained beam should be
taken as
Mb,Rd = χLT*Wy*fy/γM1
C1 = 1.127 For a simple supported beam under uniform loading
Mcr = 19.911 kN.m Bending resistance of cross-sections
λLT = 1.105 Non-dimensional slenderness
αLT = 0.340 The imperfection factor use buckling curve b
ΦLT = 1.264
χLT = 0.532 The reduction factor lateral-torsion buckling
Mb,Rd = 12.937 kN.m Bending resistance of lateral-torsion buckling
MRd = 12.937 kN.m Bending resistance of member checked
MEd/MRd = 0.773 <= 1 OK THE CHECK
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EN1993-1-3
Check member shear
§ 6.1.5
The design shear resistance Vb,Rd should be determined from:
Vb,Rd = hw*t*fbv/(sinθ*γM0) …(6.8)
fbv is the shear strength considering buckling Table 6.1
hw is the web height between the midlines of the flanges Figure 5.1(c)
θ is the slope of the web relative to the flanges Figure 6.5
λw = 0.942 The web slenderness
fbv = 178402.1 kN/m2 Shear buckling strength
Vb,Rd = 107.0 kN/m 3
The shear resistance of member checked
VEd/VRd = 0.187 <= 1 OK THE CHECK
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EN1993-1-3
Check combine axial force, shear force and bending moment of menber
§ 6.1.10
NEd My,Ed Mf,Rd Mf,Rd
NRd
+
My,Rd
+ ( 1 -
My,Rd ) ( 2*
My,Rd
- 1 ) 2 ≤ 1

Mf,Rd The moment of resistance of a cross-section

= 17.68 kN.m
consisting of the effective area of flanges only

Mpl,Rd The plastic moment of resistance of the

= 28.73 kN.m
cross-section
Check ratio: 0.879 <= 1 OK THE CHECK