Problems

1.11 A temperature sensor has a range of 0 to 120°C and an absolute accuracy of ±3°C.
What is its FSD percent accuracy?
absolute accuracy ±3
% FSD= × 100 %= ×100 %=± 2.5 %
full scale 120

1.12 A flow sensor has a range of 0 to 25 m/s and a FSD accuracy of ±4.5 percent. What is
the absolute accuracy?
|.| Acc .
%FSD=± 4.5 %= 100 % →|.| Acc .=± 1.125 m/s
25

1.13 A pressure sensor has a range of 30 to 125 kPa and the absolute accuracy2 kPa. What is
its percent full-scale and span accuracy?
±2 |.| Acc . ±2
%FSD= 100 %=± 1.6 % Span Acc .= 100 %= =± 2.1 %
125 Span 125−30

1.14 A temperature instrument has a range −20°F to 500°F. What is the error at 220°F?
Assume the accuracy is (a) ±7 percent of FSD and (b) ±7 percent of span.
a ¿|.| Acc .=± 0.07∗500 F=± 35 F b ¿|.| Acc=± 0.07∗520 F=± 36.4
1.15 A spring balance has a span of 10 to 120 kg and the absolute accuracy is ±3 kg. What is
its %FSD accuracy and span accuracy?
±3 ±3
%FSD= ∗100 %=2.5 % Span Acc .= ∗100 %=±2.7
120 110
1.16 A digital thermometer with a temperate range of 129.9°C has an accuracy specification
of ±1/2 of the least significant bit. What is its absolute accuracy, %FSD accuracy, and its
resolution?
0.5
Resolution=±0.5 C |.| Acc=± 0.5 C %FSD= ∗100 %=0.38 %
129.9

1.17 A flow instrument has an accuracy of (a) ±0.5 percent of reading and (b) 0.5%FSD. If
the range of the instrument is 10 to 100 fps, what is the absolute accuracy at 45 fps?
a ¿|.| Acc at 45 fps=0.005∗45 fps=± 0.225 fps
b ¿|.| Acc=0.005∗100 fps=±0.5 fps

1.18 A pressure gauge has a span of 50 to 150 psi and its absolute accuracy is ±5 psi. What
is its %FSD and span accuracy?
±5 ±5
%FSD= ∗100 %=3.33 %FSD Span Acc .= ∗100 %=5 %
150 100

1.19 Plot a graph of the following readings for a pressure sensor to determine if there is
hysteresis, and if so, what is the hysteresis as a percentage of FSD?
 Graph of Reading in Problrm 1.19
100

90

80

70
Gauge Reading (kPa)

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
True Reading (kPa)

±9 ± 10
%FSD= 100 %=9%FSD hysteresis %FSD= 100 %=10 % nonlinearity
100 100
1.20 Plot a graph of the following readings for a temperature sensor to determine the
linearity of
the sensor.
What is
the

nonlinearity as a percentage of FSD?

Graph of reading for problem 1.20

100

80
Gauge Pressure (kPa)

60

40

20

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
True Pressure (kPa)