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LESSON 2: Philippine Literature During The Spanish Period

This document discusses Philippine literature during the Spanish colonial period from 1565 to 1898. It identifies several genres of literature that developed during this time, including religious literature like the Pasyon and Komedya, secular literature like awit and korido, and propaganda literature that resisted Spanish rule and was written by Rizal, Del Pilar, and Lopez Jaena. It also notes that most literature was influenced by Christianity and written in Spanish or local languages.

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3K views

LESSON 2: Philippine Literature During The Spanish Period

This document discusses Philippine literature during the Spanish colonial period from 1565 to 1898. It identifies several genres of literature that developed during this time, including religious literature like the Pasyon and Komedya, secular literature like awit and korido, and propaganda literature that resisted Spanish rule and was written by Rizal, Del Pilar, and Lopez Jaena. It also notes that most literature was influenced by Christianity and written in Spanish or local languages.

Uploaded by

Zsazsa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 2: Philippine Literature during the Spanish Period

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:


a. Identify literary works published during the Spanish Colonial Period
b. Analyze some literary works.

Spanish colonization in the Philippines started in 1565 during the tine of Miguel
Lopez de Legazpi, the first Spanish governor-general in the Philippines. The Spaniards
colonized the Philippines for more than three centuries and Literature started to flourish
during this time.
In their conquest, the Spaniards brought Christianity with them. The clergy made
a great impact on faith, education, and government.
Philippine Literature during the Spanish occupation was mostly influenced by
Christianity as well as the European ideals of liberty and freedom through trade. Filipino
writers either wrote in Spanish or in their own tongue or both.

FORMS- include thumbnails/photos

1. Religious Literature- revolves around the life and death of Jesus Christ
a. Pasyon- it is a long narrative poem about the passion (journey and suffering) and
the death of Jesus Christ.
Example: “Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Christon Panginoon natin” (Holy Passion
of Our Lrd Jesus Christ in Verse) written by Gaspar Aquino de Belen from
Batangas.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqdpMrl7-P4
b. Senakulo- it is the re-enactment of the Pasyon.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21Y8OzA2dt4
c. Komedya- it depicts the European society through love and fame. But can also be a
narrative about a journey, just like Dante Alighierie’s Divine Comedy. It is also
considered religious, because it usually depicts the battle between the Christians
Saracens or the Moros.
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Basic Education Department
Junior and Senior High School

2. Seculiar or Non-Religious Literature- revolves around tales of valaince and


adventure.
a. Awit-these are tales of chivalry where a knight saves a princess. It is usually sung
and used in religious processions
Example: Florante at Laura by Francisco Balagtas
b. Korido- is a metrical tale or a tale that follows the structure of a poem. It is a
legendary religious narrative form that usually details the lives of saints or the
history of a tradition.
Example: Ibong Adarna by Jose de la Cruz
c. Prose Narratives- are easy to understand instructional materials that in a literary
light that teaches Filipinos on proper decorum.
Example: Urbana at Feliza (1864)

3. Propaganda Literature- these were in the forms of satires, editorials and news
articles that aimed to attack the Spanish Rule. The propaganda trinity is composed of
Dr. Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez.

a. Graciano Lopez Jaena


o Ang Fray Botod- one of his works written in Jairo, Iloilo in 1876, six years
after the Cavite Revolt attacking the friars in the Philippines. He exposed
how some of the friars were greedy, ambitious and immoral.
o LA HIJA DEL FRAILE (The Child of the Friar) and EVERYTING IS HAMBUG
(Everything is mere show)-heere Jaena explains the tragedy of marrying
a Spaniard.
b. Marcelo H. Del Pilar
o Kaiingat Kayo (Be Careful)- a humorous and sarcastic dig in answer to Fr,
Jose Rodriguez in the novel Noli of Rizal, published in Barcelona in 1888.
He used Dolores Manapat as pen-name here.
o Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes)- similar to a cathecism but
sarcastically done against the parish priests, published in Barcelona in

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World


MODULE 1: Philippine Literature during the Pre-colonial Period to the Contemporary Period Page 2
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Basic Education Department
Junior and Senior High School

1888. Because of this, del Pilar was called “filibuster”. Done in admirable
tone of supplication and excellent use of Tagalog.
o Ang Cadaquilaan ng Dios ( God’s Goodness)- published in Barcelona, it
was also like a cathecism sarcastically aimed against the parish priests
but also contains a philosophy of the power and intelligence of God an
appreciation for and love for nature.
c. Dr. Jose Rizal
o Noli Me Tangere- the novel that gave the spirit to the propaganda
movement and paved the way to the revolution against Spain. In this
book, he courageously exposed the evils in the Spanish government in
the Philippines.

4. Revolutionary Literature- are exposes that sparked the revolution and resistance in
the hearts of Filipinos.
Examples:
Andres Bonifacio
o Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Anak ng Bayan (Obligations of our
Countrymen) - an outline of obligations just like Ten Commandments,
hence, it is likewise called Ang Dekalogo.
o Ang Dapat Mabatid ng mga Tagalog (What the Tagalogs should know)-
an essay about the basic tenets of Bonifacio’s ideason nationalism.

Emilio Jacinto

o Liwanag at Dilim (Light and Darkness)-a collection of essay on differences


subjects like freedom, work faith, government and love of country.
Apolinario Mabini
o El Desarollo y Caida de la Republica Filipina (The Rise and Fall of the
Philippine Republic) this essay highlights the establishment of the
Philippine Republic and its subsequent due to disunity among the
Filipinos.

Dr. Jose Rizal

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World


MODULE 1: Philippine Literature during the Pre-colonial Period to the Contemporary Period Page 3
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Basic Education Department
Junior and Senior High School

o El Filibusterismo- this is the sequel to the Noli. While the Noli exposed the
evils in society, the Fili exposed those in the government and in the
church. However, the Noli has been dubbed the novel of society while
that of Fili is that of politics.

PUBLICATIONS

 El Heraldo de la REvolucion(Herald of the Revolution)- printed the decrees of the


Revolutionary Government, news and works in Tagalog that aroused nationalism. This is
the Official Newspaper of the Revolutionary Government of Aguinaldo.
 La Independencia (Indepenence)- an independent newspaper founded and edited by
General Antonio Luna.
 La Republica Filipina (The Philippine Republic) – aprivate newspaper edied by Pedro
Paterno.
 La Libertad (Liberty)- another private newspaper edited by Clemente Zulueta.

 Filipinos were called two things: “Taga-Bayan” and “Taga-Bukid” or “Taga-Bundok”


 Taga-Bayan is considered urbane and civilized and were in easy range of the church and
state.
 Taga-Bukid or Taga-Bundok is called a Bruto Salvage (Savage Brute) or Indio and were
the ones lived far from the center of the Spanish power.
 Folk songs became widespread in the Philippines:
 Leron-Leron Sinta(Tagalog)
 Pamulinawe (Iloko)
 Dandansoy (Bisaya)
 Atin Cu Pung Sing-sing (Kapampangan)
 Sarong Banggi (Bicol)
 Spanish Influences on the Philippine Literature
 The first alphabet called ALIBATA was replaced by the Roman alphabet.
 Teaching of the Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices.
 Spanish language which became literary language during this time lent many of its
words to our language.
21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
MODULE 1: Philippine Literature during the Pre-colonial Period to the Contemporary Period Page 4
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Basic Education Department
Junior and Senior High School

 The periodicals during these times gained a religious tone.


 Many grammar books were printed in Filipino, like Tagalog, Ilocano, Visayan.
 European legends and traditions brought here became assimilated in our songs,
corridors and moro-moro.
 Ancient literature was collected and translated to Tagalog and other dialects.
 Printing presses published literary works were owned and managed by religious
leaders. Thus, religious themes dominated the literature of the time.

For more Information about the Philippine Literature during the Spanish Period, please
check the links below:
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXEuhuWZHwc
 https://www.slideshare.net/AttheaJaneLepiten/philippine-literature-and-texts-
precolonial-times-and-spanish-colonizations-77510710

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World


MODULE 1: Philippine Literature during the Pre-colonial Period to the Contemporary Period Page 5

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