2.

Materials

A. Concrete

Size of standard concrete cylinder

Hight H  12in  304.8  mm H  300mm

Diameter D  6in  152.4  mm D  150mm

Compression concrete strength = strength at 28 day

f'c  3000psi f'c  20.684 MPa 20MPa  2900.755 psi

f'c  4000psi f'c  27.579 MPa 25MPa  3625.943 psi

f'c  5000psi f'c  34.474 MPa 35MPa  5076.321 psi

Age of concrete Strength ratio

7 days 0.67
14 days 0.86
28 days 1.0
3 months 1.17
6 months 1.23
1 year 1.27
2 years 1.31
5 years 1.35

Size of cylinder Relative

in  in mm  mm compression strength

2 4 50  100 1.09
3 6 75  150 1.06
6  12 150  300 1.00
8  16 200  400 0.96
12  24 300  600 0.91
18  36 450  900 0.86
24  48 600  1200 0.84
36  72 900  1800 0.82

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 Height-diameter Strength Strength relative
ratio correction factor to standard cylinder
2.0 1.00 1.00
1.75 0.98 1.02
1.50 0.96 1.04
1.25 0.93 1.06
1.10 0.90 1.11
1.00 0.87 1.18
0.75 0.70 1.43
0.5 0.50 2.00

Compressive strength Strength ratio of

psi MPa cylinder to cube

1000 7.0 0.77

2200 15.5 0.76
2900 20.0 0.81
3500 24.5 0.87
3800 27.0 0.91
4900 34.5 0.93
5300 37.0 0.94
5900 41.5 0.95
6400 45.0 0.96
7300 51.5 0.96

Modulus of rupture (tensile strength)

fr = 7.5 f'c (in psi)

MPa
Metric coefficient 7.5psi  0.623  MPa
psi

fr = 0.623  f'c (in MPa)

Modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus)

1.5
Ec = 33 wc  f'c (in psi)

lbf
where wc = unit weight of concrete (in pcf = )
3
ft

Page 4
 1.5
 kN 
 3 
33psi  
m MPa
Metric coefficient   44.011 MPa
 pcf  psi

1.5
Ec = 44 wc  f'c (in MPa)

kN
wc in
3
m

Ultimate strain of concrete

ε u = 0.003

Example 1
Concrete compression strength f'c  25MPa
kN
Unit weight of concrete wc  24
3
m
Modulus of rupture

f'c
fr  7.5psi fr  3.114  MPa
psi
f'c
fr  0.623MPa  fr  3.115  MPa
MPa

Modulus of elasticity
1.5
 wc  f'c 4
Ec  33psi    Ec  2.587  10  MPa
 pcf  psi
1.5
 wc  f'c
Ec  44MPa  
4
 Ec  2.587  10  MPa
 kN  MPa
 m3 
 

B. Steel Reinforcements

Steel yield strength = fy

Yield strength of deformed bar (DB) fy  390MPa

Yield strength of round bar (RB) fy  235MPa

Modulus of elasticity Es  29000000psi

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 5
Es  2  10  MPa

Steel strain
fs fy
εs = εy =
Es Es

US Steel Re-bars
Bar no. (#)

T
no  ( 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 14 18 )

Bar diameter
no
D  in
8
T
D  ( 9.5 12.7 15.9 19 22.2 25.4 28.6 31.8 34.9 44.4 57.1 )  mm

Area of cross section

2
π D
A 
4
T 2
A  ( 0.71 1.27 1.98 2.85 3.88 5.07 6.41 7.92 9.58 15.52 25.65 )  cm

Weight of re-bar
kgf
W  A 7850
3
m
T kgf
W  ( 0.56 0.99 1.55 2.24 3.05 3.98 5.03 6.22 7.52 12.18 20.14 ) 
m

ORIGIN  1

n
n  1  9 Area  n  A

Page 6
Bar no. Diameter Area of cross section for the number of bars is equal to Unit weigth
(#) (mm) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (kgf/m)
3 9.5 0.71 1.43 2.14 2.85 3.56 4.28 4.99 5.70 6.41 0.559
4 12.7 1.27 2.53 3.80 5.07 6.33 7.60 8.87 10.13 11.40 0.994
5 15.9 1.98 3.96 5.94 7.92 9.90 11.88 13.86 15.83 17.81 1.554
6 19.1 2.85 5.70 8.55 11.40 14.25 17.10 19.95 22.80 25.65 2.237
7 22.2 3.88 7.76 11.64 15.52 19.40 23.28 27.16 31.04 34.92 3.045
8 25.4 5.07 10.13 15.20 20.27 25.34 30.40 35.47 40.54 45.60 3.978
9 28.6 6.41 12.83 19.24 25.65 32.07 38.48 44.89 51.30 57.72 5.034
10 31.8 7.92 15.83 23.75 31.67 39.59 47.50 55.42 63.34 71.26 6.215
11 34.9 9.58 19.16 28.74 38.32 47.90 57.48 67.06 76.64 86.22 7.520
14 44.5 15.52 31.04 46.55 62.07 77.59 93.11 108.63 124.14 139.66 12.182
18 57.2 25.65 51.30 76.96 102.61 128.26 153.91 179.56 205.22 230.87 20.137

Metric Steel Reinforcements

Bar diameters

T
D  ( 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 25 28 32 36 40 ) mm

Area of cross section

2
π D
A 
4
n
n  1  9 Area  n  A

Unit weight of re-bar

kgf
W  A 7850
3
m

Page 7
Bar dia. Area of cross section (cm 2 ) for the number of bars is equal to Weight
(mm) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (kgf/1m)
6 0.283 0.565 0.848 1.131 1.414 1.696 1.979 2.262 2.545 0.222
8 0.503 1.005 1.508 2.011 2.513 3.016 3.519 4.021 4.524 0.395
10 0.785 1.571 2.356 3.142 3.927 4.712 5.498 6.283 7.069 0.617
12 1.131 2.262 3.393 4.524 5.655 6.786 7.917 9.048 10.179 0.888
14 1.539 3.079 4.618 6.158 7.697 9.236 10.776 12.315 13.854 1.208
16 2.011 4.021 6.032 8.042 10.053 12.064 14.074 16.085 18.096 1.578
18 2.545 5.089 7.634 10.179 12.723 15.268 17.813 20.358 22.902 1.998
20 3.142 6.283 9.425 12.566 15.708 18.850 21.991 25.133 28.274 2.466
22 3.801 7.603 11.404 15.205 19.007 22.808 26.609 30.411 34.212 2.984
25 4.909 9.817 14.726 19.635 24.544 29.452 34.361 39.270 44.179 3.853
28 6.158 12.315 18.473 24.630 30.788 36.945 43.103 49.260 55.418 4.834
32 8.042 16.085 24.127 32.170 40.212 48.255 56.297 64.340 72.382 6.313
36 10.179 20.358 30.536 40.715 50.894 61.073 71.251 81.430 91.609 7.990
40 12.566 25.133 37.699 50.265 62.832 75.398 87.965 100.531 113.097 9.865

Bar Dia. RkLaépÞmxu kat;Edk (cm ) sMrab;cMnYnedImesμI

2 TMgn;
D (mm) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (kgf/m)
6 0.28 0.57 0.85 1.13 1.41 1.70 1.98 2.26 2.54 0.222
8 0.50 1.01 1.51 2.01 2.51 3.02 3.52 4.02 4.52 0.395
10 0.79 1.57 2.36 3.14 3.93 4.71 5.50 6.28 7.07 0.617
12 1.13 2.26 3.39 4.52 5.65 6.79 7.92 9.05 10.18 0.888
14 1.54 3.08 4.62 6.16 7.70 9.24 10.78 12.32 13.85 1.208
16 2.01 4.02 6.03 8.04 10.05 12.06 14.07 16.08 18.10 1.578
18 2.54 5.09 7.63 10.18 12.72 15.27 17.81 20.36 22.90 1.998
20 3.14 6.28 9.42 12.57 15.71 18.85 21.99 25.13 28.27 2.466
22 3.80 7.60 11.40 15.21 19.01 22.81 26.61 30.41 34.21 2.984
25 4.91 9.82 14.73 19.63 24.54 29.45 34.36 39.27 44.18 3.853
28 6.16 12.32 18.47 24.63 30.79 36.95 43.10 49.26 55.42 4.834
32 8.04 16.08 24.13 32.17 40.21 48.25 56.30 64.34 72.38 6.313
36 10.18 20.36 30.54 40.72 50.89 61.07 71.25 81.43 91.61 7.990
40 12.57 25.13 37.70 50.27 62.83 75.40 87.96 100.53 113.10 9.865

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