11

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

PHILIPPINE
POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
(Quarter 1 – Module 3)

Name : ___________________________________
Strand and Year : ___________________________________
Subject Teacher : DENNIS JADE G. NUMERON

Please do not return this Module. Keep it with you for your references. Submit
your answer sheets only.

Page 1 of 9
 PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
Name: ____________________________ Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________ Date: ________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

POWER
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS
Politics always involved the use of power in getting things done. Power is manifested in the
ability to do something that is desired and can be sensed when individuals can direct the actions of
others in a society. It is considered as a key ingredient in politics that often implies control and has
something to do with influence and authority.

Power based on its nature can be subdivided into four namely: power over, power to, power
with, and power within. First, Power over is the ability to dominate another person or a group and often
seen negatively because it is associated with force, threat, coercion, discrimination, corruption, and
abuse. Second, Power to refers to the unique potential of every person to shape his or her life and
world. It describes the ability of a person/group to do something on one’s own sources: intellect,
resources, knowledge, stamina and etc. Third, Power with is similar also to “power to” since it is based
on mutual support, solidarity, and collaboration that reflects the ability to work with others to get
something done by cooperation. Lastly, Power within has to do with a person’s sense of self-worth and
self-knowledge which includes the ability to recognize individual differences while respecting others.

Steven Lukes describes power as having three dimensions and has divided power into three
distinct ‘faces’, each focusing on a specific aspect of power. It may take the form of decision making,
agenda setting and preference shaping. Power as Decision Making involves the ability to control or
influence in an open and direct way. A concrete example would be the government making decisions
on behalf of the people. Power as Agenda Setting can be seen as not just about decision making, it is
about preventing decisions being made or reducing the choices which can be made. A classic example
would be topics/agendas being discussed in a meeting. The one who holds power can decide or limit
what will be discussed and more importantly what cannot be discussed, effectively controlling the
situation. Power as Preference Shaping works by influencing how individuals think about their place in
the world. This shapes people’s beliefs, sense of self, and acceptance of their own superiority or
inferiority.
In 1959, social psychologists John R. P. French and Bertram H. Raven identified five
sources/forms/types of power from which a person gets power. These sources are now known as
French and Raven's Five Bases of Power. These include referent power, expert power, legitimate
power, coercive power, and reward power. Referent powers comes from the power holder's ability to
persuade or influence others while expert power is derived from the power holder's specific skills or
expertise. Both referent and expert power are often classified under individual or personal power. On
the other hand, legitimate power, coercive power and reward power are classified under organizational
power. Legitimate power comes from the power holder's position and duties within an organization.
Coercive power arises from the power holder's ability to punish or penalize others. Reward power comes
from the power holder's ability to give something of value, such as money, responsibility or praise.

The use of referent and expert power often results in commitment while compliance is seen as
a result of using legitimate and reward power. The use of coercive power resulted in resistance since
majority of the people don’t want to feel threatened or forced to do something out of their own free will.
Some of the positive effects of power includes boosting of people’s morals and encouraging them to
achieve their goals. It also can enhance people’s motivation to help others thereby creating a domino
effect. Abuse of power and corruption are some of the negative consequences of the use of power.
People who gained power tend to put themselves ahead of others that they react negatively if their
power and competence are questioned.

Page 2 of 9
 LEARNING COMPETENCY

Analyze the nature, dimensions/types, and consequences of power (HUMSS_PG12-Id-13)

DIRECTIONS
Let’s Start!
Hello learner, you will be tasked to accomplish the following activities. Read and understand
the specific instructions for every learning activity. You are given one (1) week to finish all the learning
activities.

Please sign the learning agreement before answering the different activities. ENJOY!

LEARNING CONTRACT

AGREEMENT: I hereby accept the responsibility to finish the activity package and submit it to my
teacher (____________________) on (____________________).
_______________________________ _________________
Name of Student over Printed Name Date

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1 – KNOW THY POWER

Based from the picture given, identify if it shows/evoke power by checking the box corresponding
to your answer. After which explain why do you say it shows/ does not show power.

Ye N
s o

Ye N
s o

Page 3 of 9
 Ye N
s o

Ye N
s o

Ye N
s o

LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 – POWER AND ME

Power based on its nature can be subdivided into four namely: power over, power with, power
to and power within. Using the diagram below, identify a person who has power over you and
explain briefly how this person possesses power over you. You also identify a person whom
you have power over and explain briefly how you possess power over that person.

__________________________________
__________________________________
Whom has Power Over You __________________________________
____________________________ ______

YOU

__________________________________
__________________________________
Whom You have Power Over __________________________________
__________________________________

Page 4 of 9
 LEARNING ACTIVITY 3 DOWN THE MEMORY LANE
Based on the different types of power, cite three specific examples that happened in your class
where that particular power is used and how it affected your/class behavior.
Example:

Situation/Event Power Used Effects on Behavior

The Class President Legitimate Power Class followed the command since the
commanded the class to President is given the authority to look into
some of the activities inside the classroom
clean the classroom

Situation/Event Power Used Effects on Behavior

LEARNING ACTIVITY 4 IF I WERE

Overused of power has consequences. Name one consequence of power (example a policeman who
overused his power) and suggest particular ways for him not to be abusive in order to address
consequences of power. Using 10 – 15 sentences, describe how it works. Write your answer on the box given
below.

Page 5 of 9
 LEARNING ACTIVITY 5 MY POWER
Write an essay (150- 300 words) on the importance and consequences
of power you have right now as a student. Write your answeron the box
given below.

RUBRIC FOR SCORING

Activity 1
Needs
Outstanding Satisfactory Unsatisfactory
Category Improvement
(4) (3) (2)
(1)
Fully Partially Barely completed Did not complete the
Completion Completed the task. completed the task the task task

No errors Has 1 error Has 3 errors Has many errors

Accuracy and
Organization
Content is Content is accurate Content is not Content is incomplete
comprehensive, and comprehensive and and major points are
accurate, and persuasive. major points are not clear
persuasive. Major points are addressed, but not
Major points are stated. well supported.
stated Responses are Responses are
clearly and are well adequate inadequate or do
supported. - and address topic. not address topic.
Responses Content is clear.
Content are excellent,
timely and address
topic.
Content is very clear.

Page 6 of 9
 Activity 2

Needs
Satisfactory
Category Outstanding (4) Unsatisfactory (2) Improvement
(3)
(1)
Fully Partially Barely completed the Did not complete the
Completion Completed the task. completed the task task task

Content is Content is accurate Content is not Content is incomplete

comprehensive, and persuasive. comprehensive and and major points are
accurate, and Major points are major points are not clear
persuasive. stated. addressed, but not
Content - Major points are Responses are well supported.
stated clearly and adequate and Responses are
are well address topic. inadequate or do not
supported. - - Content is clear. address topic..
Responses
are
excellent,
timely and address
topic.
- Content is very
clear.

Activity 3

Needs
Outstanding Satisfactory Unsatisfactory
Category Improvement
(4) (3) (2)
(1)
Fully Partially completed Barely completed the Did not complete the
Completion Completed the task. the task task task

Accuracy and Few errors Some errors Many errors Did not complete
Content
Showed Showed good effort Showed little effort in Did not complete
excellent effort in in completing the
Effort/ completing completing table and lacks
Organization the table and well the table and organization.
organized organized

Page 7 of 9
 Activity 4 and 5

Needs
Outstanding Satisfactory Unsatisfactory
Category Improvement
(4) (3) (2)
(1)
- Content is - Content is Content is not - Content is incomplete.
complete, accurate, accurate and complete and - Major points are not
and persuasive. - persuasive. - Major /or persuasive. clear. -Specific
Major points are points are stated. - Major points are examples are not used.
stated clearly and Responses are addressed, but not
are well supported. - adequate and well supported.
Content & Responses are address topic. - Responses are
Development excellent, timely and Content is clear. - inadequate or do not
address topic. - Specific examples address topic.
Content is clear. are used. -Specific examples
do not support topic.

-Structure of the - Structure is mostly - Structure of the - Organization and

essay is clear and clear and easy to essay is not easy to structure detract from
easy to follow. - follow. - Transitions follow. - Transitions the message. - Writing
Transitions are are present. need improvement. lacks transition of
Organization logical and maintain thoughts.
& Structure the flow of thought
throughout the
paper.

- Rules of grammar, - Rules of grammar, - Paper contains few - Paper contains

usage, and usage, and grammatical, numerous grammatical,
Grammar, punctuation are punctuation are punctuation and punctuation, and
Punctuation & followed; spelling is followed with minor spelling errors. spelling errors.
Spelling correct. errors. Spelling is
correct.

REFLECTION

1. I learned that
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. I enjoyed most on
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. I want to learn more on
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

Page 8 of 9
 REFERENCES:

BOOKS:

Melegrito, Ma. Lourdes F. and. Mendoza, Diana J. Politics Without Borders: Philippine Politics and
Governance, Phoenix Publishing House, Quezon City: 2016
Pawilen, R. A. and Pawilen, Reidan M. Philippine Politics and Governance, Rex Bookstore Inc., Manila: 2017
Ramos, Renan E. Philippine Politics and Governance, Vibal Group, Inc., Quezon City: 2016
Tabajen, Rhene C. and Pulma, Erlinda B., Philippine Politics and Governance, JFS Publishing Services
Manila, Philippines: 2016

WEBSITES:

https://freesvg.org/power-button-icon https://josephonperspectives.wordpress.com/2013/02/25/edsa-i-
revolution-recallwhat-happened/ https://www.khaleejtimes.com/nation/general/inactive-filipino-voters-need-
to-amendstatus-before-dec-9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:President_Rodrigo_Duterte.jpg

https://www.philstar.com/business/2020/03/17/2001398/peso-weakens-virus-fears

https://slideplayer.com/slide/13243807/

https://justassociates.org/en/resources/new-weave-power-people-politics-actionguide-advocacy-and-
citizen-participation

Prepared by: Checked by: Approved by:

DENNIS JADE G. NUMERON CIELO O. OSORIO RAE ABNEE C. GARRIDO

Subject Teacher Faculty Asst. Principal/SHS Coordinator

Page 9 of 9