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Worksheet On DNA and RNA Answers

This document contains a worksheet with answers on DNA and RNA. It discusses: 1) The basic components of DNA including sugars, phosphates, and nitrogen bases. 2) The double helix structure of DNA discovered by Watson and Crick with specific base pairing. 3) The process of DNA replication which is essential for cell division to produce identical copies of DNA in new cells. 4) Key differences between DNA and RNA including the sugar, strand number, and different nitrogen bases used.

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Selena Coronel
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2K views

Worksheet On DNA and RNA Answers

This document contains a worksheet with answers on DNA and RNA. It discusses: 1) The basic components of DNA including sugars, phosphates, and nitrogen bases. 2) The double helix structure of DNA discovered by Watson and Crick with specific base pairing. 3) The process of DNA replication which is essential for cell division to produce identical copies of DNA in new cells. 4) Key differences between DNA and RNA including the sugar, strand number, and different nitrogen bases used.

Uploaded by

Selena Coronel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Worksheet on DNA and RNA - Answers

1. Deoxyribonucleic acid
2. Nucleotides
3. Sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base
4. Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine
5. Pyrimidines; thymine, cytosine
6. Purines; adenine, guanine
7. Watson and Crick
8. Double helix
9. Sugars and phosphates
10. Nitrogen bases
11. Adenine pairs with thymine; Cytosine pairs with guanine
12. Adenine, cytosine
13. Hydrogen bonds
14. False
15. Deoxyribose
16. ATCCGAGT
17.

18. Replication
19. The primary function of DNA is to store information that tells the cells which proteins to make.
20. Just prior to cell division, the DNA must replicate so that each new daughter cell receives an exact copy of
the genome for that cell. All cells that divide to form new cells must pass exact copies of their DNA to
offspring cells.
21. Separate, template, replication fork
22. Helicase, replication fork
23. DNA polymerases
24. False
25. True
26. Exact, cell division
27. True
28. One, 100,000; mutation; Chemicals and ultraviolet radiation from the sun
29. Ribonucleic acid
30. Uracil
31. List three ways that DNA is different from RNA:
(1) DNA has the sugar deoxyribose and RNA has the sugar ribose.
(2) DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded.
(3) DNA has the nitrogen base thymine. RNA has no thymine, but has uracil instead.
32. Messenger RNA (mRNA); Transfer RNA (tRNA), amino acids; Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
33. Transcription
34. RNA polymerases; promoter; transcribed; single gene; termination site.
35. Introns; exons
36. Ribosomes
37. Amino acids, 20; three-dimensional shape
38. Translated, amino acids
39. Codon
40. Amino acid; 64
41. False

42. Below is a chart of characteristics found in either DNA or RNA or both. Use check marks to indicate

which are found in DNA and which are found in RNA.

Characteristic Found in DNA Found in RNA

Ribose present X

Deoxyribose present X

Phosphate present X X

Adenine present X X

Thymine present X

Uracil present X

Guanine present X X

Cytosine present X X

Double stranded X

Single stranded X

Remains in the nucleus X

Moves out of the nucleus X


43. Translation; DNA, RNA; mRNA; nitrogen bases, amino acid; codon; amino acid; floating freely
in the cytosol, tRNA
44 a) Free ribosomes produce proteins that will be used within the cell.
b) Bound ribosomes produce membrane proteins and proteins that will be exported for use outside the
cell.
45. Start codon; AUG; UAC, tRNA; methionine; peptide bonds; stop, translation

46.

DNA  TAC TTA CAA ACC ATA ATT

mRNA  AUG AAU GUU UGG UAU UAA

tRNA  UAC UUA CAA ACC AUA AUU

Amino Acids: INITIATOR, ASPARAGINE, VALINE, TRYPTOPHAN, TYROSINE, TERMINATOR

47. What would be the effect if one of the bases were deleted in the very first mRNA codon? The deletion
or addition of a nucleotide would change the rest of the sequence. The wrong protein or a nonfunctional
protein would be made.

48. What would happen if there was a substitution of one base for another in one of the mRNA codons?
Substitutions would affect just that one amino acid. If the substitution is in the third position, it is less
likely to have an affect. A substitution in the first or second position would affect the amino acid being
called for.

49. Point mutations; Frameshift mutation

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