Chemistry Lab report :

Titration Experiment

Kermit the frog is presenting you how to do titration when

you don’t have any equipment such as glass ware

By
Loy
Mee
Oun
1107

Abstract
 In this lab, we were conducting an experiment about filling the base
and acid together and used indicators such as Bromothymol blue and
Phenolphthalein. There are two group of titration in this experiment
because we used two different indicators. For Phenolphthalein, we must
make the solution turn into a very light pink color. For Bromthymol blue, we
must turn the solution into very light green. If there are any little errors in
titration, the experiment will fail and we need to start titration all over again.

Introduction
Titration is a method to determine the unknown concentration in the
solution, a.k.a. “Volumetric Analysis”. There are various types of titration,
but in this experiment, we used acid-base titration. The acid-base titration
can use to find the very exact value of where is the end of titration in
volume by using the indicator, and then use that value to find concentration
of acid and base in that solution(Introduction to Titration | Protocol, n.d.). In
this experiment, we want to find the molarity of acid. Mr.Cool gave us only
the molarity of the base but we can use this to find by M a ⋅l a=M b ⋅ l b
M ais the molarity of the acid. l ❑is volume of that substance. M bis the molarity
of the base.

After we know the molarity of acid from the titration, we can use it to
find the pH of the unknown solution by −log ¿. HCl is one of the strong acid,
so we can put the number of molarity into −log ¿ without calculating the ICE
table.

Objective
 The purpose of this experiment is to find the unknown concentration
of the unknown acid in the sample by recording the titration and calculating
to find the concentration.(Bartleson, B. 2019, March 2)

Material & Method

10ml of HCL
∞ of NaOH (Large amount)
Beakers
Burets
Phenolphthalein
Bromothymol blue
Dropper
Pipette

Procedure
1) Pour NaOH into the buret until it is at 0.0 mark.
2) Use pipette to pour 10mL of HCl into Erlenmeyer flask.
3) Drop indicator into the Erlenmeyer flask with 10mL of HCl.
4) Put flask under the buret, and then start adding NaOH carefully.
5.1) Swirl the flask and add the NaOH again until it turns into the color that
it should.
5.2) If the color becomes something that it should not, then repeat the
process again from step1).
6) Record the data in the note or something that you use to write.

Results Phenolphthalein Bromothy

(Successful) mol blue

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 1 Trial 2

Initial 17.6 32.3 15.1 1.5
buret
volume
(mL)
Final 33.8 49 31.2 17.6
Buret
Volume (mL)
Volume of base 16.2 16.7 16.1 16.1
(mL)
Volume of base 0.0162 0.0167 0.0161 0.0161
(L)
Moles of base 0.0162*0.005 0.0167* 0.0161* 0.0161*
(mol) = 8.1x10−5 0.005 0.005 0.005
=8.4x10−5 =8.1x10−5 =8.1x10−5
Acid to Base 1:1 1:1 1:1 1:1
Mole Ratio
Moles of acid 8.1x10−5 8.4x10−5 8.1x10−5 8.1x10−5
(mol)
Volume of acid 0.01L 0.01L 0.01L 0.01L
(L)
Acid 8.1x10−3 M 8.4x10−3 M 8.1x10−3 M 8.25x10−3 M

concentration
(M)
Average 8.25x10−3 M 8.1x10−3 M
concentration
(M)
pH 2.1 2.1

Calculation
HCl + NaOH →NaCl + H2O
We know that HCl is a strong acid which means that it can be ionized
completely and the experiment is about trying to get the pH to 7 so when
the pH is 7 all HCl molecules is converted into water and salt we can say
that we used the same amount of NaCl. By knowing the Molar mass of
NaOH we can put it in the formula and find the Molar mass of HCl too by
using the c1v1 = c2v2 formula then we can find the moles of HCl in the
beaker.

Phenolphthalein
C1 = concentration of NaOH(0.005M)
V1 = volume of NaOH(≈ 0.0165L)
C2 = Unknown HCl concentration(X)
V2 = volume of HCl(0.01L)

0.005*0.0165 = 0.01X
8.25 x 1 0−5
X=
0.01
X =8.25x10−3 M
Find moles = 8.25 x 1 0−5 mols

Bromothymol blue
C1 = concentration of NaOH(0.005M)
V1 = volume of NaOH(≈ 0.0161L)
C2 = Unknown HCl concentration(X)
V2 = volume of HCl(0.01L)

0.005*0.0165 = 0.01X
8.1 x 10−5
X=
0.01
X =8.1x10−3 M
Find moles =8.1 x 1 0−5mols

Discussion
Summary of the experiment-
 We did about five trials for both indicators. We failed the titration three
times in a row, and then we got a big brain and succeeded two times. The
result was unexpected, exactly the same number for each trial. We think
that there was an error in our experiment for the successful trial. We guess
that it was because of our wrong measurement or maybe we are just too
awesome with pure luck.
For those failed titration, the phenolphthalein solution turns into a very
pink color. For the bromothymol blue solution, it turns into a very dark blue
solution. For the successful titration, we got a very light pink color for the
phenolphthalein, and we got a very light blue-green color for the
bromothymol blue.

Other possible source of error

● The amount of indicator
● The amount of sample in two solution
● Calculation
● Wrong measurement

What we learned - we learned that we can find the moles of strong acids
by using base to make the pH = 7 then measure the amount of base used
then use the concentration formula to find the Molar mass then times it with
volume to get moles.

Conclusion
From the experiment, we can conclude that to make the titration in
HCL using two different indicators, we have to pour base until it reaches
the equilibrium or ph of 7. Therefore, to make titration we have to use
indicators to tell whether it is in equilibrium or not. Then, use calculation to
find the concentration of HCL.
Post-lab questions
1. How would it affect your results if you used a beaker with residual water
in it to measure out your standardized sodium hydroxide solution?
: The water will dilute the concentration of the sodium hydroxide and it will
need more sodium hydroxide in titration and make the calculation
inaccurate.

2. How would it affect your results if you used a wet Erlenmeyer flask
instead of a dry one when transferring your acid solution from the
volumetric pipette?
:The acid might get caught up on the droplets of water making the amount
of acid not the same as what we are experimenting on and therefore
making our results change a lot.

3.How do you tell if you have exceeded the equivalence point in your
titration?
:The color of titration will go more intensively. It will go from light pink to
dark pink in Phenolphthalein and green to blue in Bromothymol blue

4. Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid (C H 3 COOH ) in water. For quality

control purposes, it can be titrated using sodium hydroxide to assure a
specific % composition. If 25.00 mL of acetic acid is titrated with 9.08 mL of
a standardized 2.293 M sodium hydroxide solution, what is the molarity of
the vinegar?

By using C1V1 = C2V2, we can calculate the molarity of the vinegar.

C1(0.025) = 2.293(0.0091)

C1 = 0.834652

The molarity of vinegar is 0.834652 M

Reference:

Bartleson, B. (2019, March 2). Purpose of Titration. Retrieved from

https://sciencing.com/purpose-titration-5406434.html

Introduction to Titration | Protocol. (n.d.). Retrieved March 2, 2020, from

https://www.jove.com/science-education/5699/introduction-to-titration