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Lesson Notes About Light

Light is a form of energy that allows us to see objects when light reflects off of them into our eyes. There are two laws of reflection: the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection, and the incident, normal, and reflected rays all lie in the same plane. A plane mirror forms a virtual, erect, laterally inverted image that is the same size as the object and the same distance from the mirror as the object. Regular reflection occurs from smooth surfaces and results in parallel rays, while diffuse reflection occurs from rough surfaces and scatters the rays in different directions. Multiple images can be seen when two or more mirrors are placed at an angle to each other.

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2K views

Lesson Notes About Light

Light is a form of energy that allows us to see objects when light reflects off of them into our eyes. There are two laws of reflection: the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection, and the incident, normal, and reflected rays all lie in the same plane. A plane mirror forms a virtual, erect, laterally inverted image that is the same size as the object and the same distance from the mirror as the object. Regular reflection occurs from smooth surfaces and results in parallel rays, while diffuse reflection occurs from rough surfaces and scatters the rays in different directions. Multiple images can be seen when two or more mirrors are placed at an angle to each other.

Uploaded by

mark joseph cometa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON NOTES ABOUT LIGHT

Light:
(i) Light is a form of energy, which includes the sensation of vision in our eyes and make
us able to see various things present in our surrounding.
(ii) When light falls on an object, some part of light is reflected back to our eyes. Then,
we are able to see an object because of light being reflected from the object.

Properties of Light:
(i) It is form of energy.
(ii) It travels in straight line.
(iii) Light can form shadows.

Laws of Reflection: The two laws of reflection are:


(i) The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

˂i=˂r
(ii) The incident ray, the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence and the reflected
ray, all lie in the same plane.
These laws of reflection are applicable to all types of reflecting surface including
spherical surfaces.

Formation of Image by Plane Mirror:


In figure PQ is a plain mirror and O is an object. Incident rays OA and OC are coming
from the object. These incident rays are reflected from the mirror and reflected rays
emerge as AB and CD. If reflected rays AB and CD are extended behind the mirror,
they appear to meet at point ‘I’. This is that point where image is formed.
      

Some features of image formed by a plain mirror:


(i) Obtained Image is always formed behind the mirror.
(ii) Obtained image is virtual, which means it cannot be obtained on screen.
(iii) Image is erect and laterally inverted.
(iv) Image size is equal to object size.
(v) Distance of object from the mirror = Distance of image from the mirror.
Distance of the object and image is the same from the mirror.

Regular and Diffused Reflection:


1. Regular Reflection:
(i) When the reflection surface is smooth and well – polished, the parallel rays falling on
it are parallel to another one, the reflected light goes in one particular direction and also
parallel to each other. This is regular reflection. E.g. plane mirror, reflection from still
water.

                                   

2. Diffused and Irregular Reflection:


When the reflecting surface is rough, the parallel rays falling on it are reflected in
different direction. Such as reflection is known as diffuse or irregualar reflection. For
example, reflection of light from the wall of a room or tree etc.

Multiple Images:
(i) When two or more mirrors are placed at an angle to one another, we can see multiple
images of an object.
(ii) For example in the hair dresser shop two mirrors are placed opposite to each other.
If a man is sit between them, His image is formed in both the mirrors. The image in one
mirror would act as an object for another mirror and this sequence would continue. This
will give result in the formation of multiple images.

(iii) The number of images formed depends on the angle between the two mirrors. This
can be calculated by using the following formula:

Number of Images = 

(iv) If the given two mirrors are at a right angle to each other, 3 images will be obtained.
If the given mirrors are at 60° angle, we shall get 5 images.
(v) When the two mirrors are kept opposite and parallel to each other, we will get infinite
number of images forme

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