THE HOLOCAUST

Anti-Semitism in Nazi German 1933-39

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What was the Holocaust?

Holocaust Memorial Day, January 27th is where the be remembered solemnly. Hitler stirred up racial
international community recognize the inhumanity, tension and hatred in his rise to power and he blamed
which took place under the dictatorship of Adolf the Jewish community for Germany’s defeat in the
Hitler. As we recall the horrific, mass murdering First World War and the depression in 1929. His anti-
event in Hitler’s reign over Germany, 1933-45. The Semitic views were popular among some Germans as
holocaust witnessed 6 million Jews being murdered he promised a new racial order for Germany
in addition to communists, gypsys, trade unionists,
and paraplegics. This reign of pure evil will always
 The Holocaust Wednesday 16th February

What was the Holocaust?

In 1933 Germany became

a totalitarian state and in
1935 Hitler passed the
Nuremburg laws. These A contempary Nazi source
laws stripped Jews of illustrating Anti-Semitism
Above is a picture of the entrance to their German citizenship
Auschwitz. The largest concentration and Jewish people had to
camp wear the Star of David as
a form of identity. It is
The Holocaust (Shoah) was a argued that Hitler had
unique event in 20th century history.
It evolved slowly between 1933 and already planned the Anti-Semitism is the term used
1945. It began with discrimination; separation, containment when people are prejudiced
then the Jews were separated from and the ‘final solution’. against Jews just because they
their communities and persecuted; are Jewish. Anti-Semitism is a
and finally they were treated as less modern racial term that was
than human beings and murdered. invented in 1879 by a German
journalist called Wilhelm Marr.
Continued on page 4

Extermination Camps

Extermination Camps: The estimated total number

of people killed in these camps is 2,814,500:

Auschwitz: 1.1 Million,Treblinka: about 700,000–

800,000, Bełżec: about 434,500, Sobibór: about
167,000–250,000, Chełmno: about 152,000,
Majdanek: 78,000

The mass-killing method at an extermination camp

was poison gas usually, besides gas chambers, the
camp guards continued killing prisoners via mass
shooting, starvation, torture.
Diagram showing the deportations of
Jews and the routes to the camps Continued on page 5

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 Concentration Camps
Nazi’s contained concentration camps in the
German territory across Europe. After the Reichstag
little boy, I crawled into my father's lap and asked, "What is that
fire they were carried out over Germany and
originally they were planned to hold political number on your arm?" He didn't flinch, he told me he was in

prisoners and opponents to the regime. The term the concentration camps. He grew up outside of Lodz, Poland,
was borrowed from the British concentration camps and spent four and a half years in several work camps as well
of the Second Anglo-Boer War. This draws a as Auschwitz. He did not explain in detail what he had been
distinction between concentration camps and through, but he told me more as I got older. I asked him if he
extermination camps, which were established for
went to school, and he said that Jewish kids didn't get to go to
the industrial-scale murder of the predominantly
high school. He told me that when he was growing up in
Jewish ghetto and concentration camp populations.
Poland the week of Passover was terrible; his family never left
Overall, 6 210 233 were killed during the holocaust from all the house. If they did, the priest would come out of the church
backgrounds, but mainly Jewish. It was not the largest mass with a big cross and kids would throw rocks and call them
killing of the twentieth century -- both Joseph Stalin and Mao "Christ-killers."
Zedong probably killed more people than Adolf Hitler. But "in
My mother's name is Lilly, and she grew up in Maramush,
ferocity, hate, sadism and horror, the Nazi genocide of the Jews
which is between Hungary and Romania. She was in the camps
of Europe is on its own. This is the story of Max and Lilly
for almost two years. Because my parents were Holocaust
Moskowitz from her son Jhan Moskowitz, here it is;
survivors, I grew up with a keen understanding of the fact that I
“Some survivors do not tell their kids anything. They just was Jewish. There was never a time in my life when I did not
don't. Some survivors tell their kids everything. When I was a recognize the great price our people paid for our existence.

When I got sick as a child I remember feeling a moral obligation

to get better. Both my mother and father made me feel guilty if I
got sick. I had to be strong and live to defeat the Nazis'
intentions. Knowing the pain and suffering my parents endured
meant that I could not complain about incidental problems.
When I came home one day and said, "There is nothing to eat,
let's go out," my father said to me sternly, "There is bread, there
is a meal!" How can you tell a man who was so malnourished
that eating a full meal would have killed him when he was
liberated, that there is not enough food?

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 The Holocaust Wednesday 16th February

Lessons we can learn from the Holocaust

I think it is important to
remember what happened in
the Holocaust and to try to
prevent it from happening
again. We have learnt a very
harsh lesson on man
inhumanity to man. The
Holocaust displayed the
incredibly brutal nature of
Pellentesque:
Fascism and how German
citizens got caught up in First the came…
propaganda and supported
something evil. That we can be
so incredibly cruel and harsh First they came for the Jews
and the people did this to and I did not speak out — because I was not a Jew.
other people and how can it
be? I think teaches us a lot
Then they came for the communists
about discrimination and how
we must always be guarded and I did not speak out — because I was not a communist.
this never happens again. If
we can avoid hate and Then they came for the trade unionists
prejudice in our own lives,
and I did not speak out — because I was not a trade
then that is the first step to
making the world a better unionist.
place. This is where History
and Education are crucial in Then they came for me
eradicating discrimination and by then there was no one left to speak out for me.
today by highlighting the
inhumanity of the past.

By Danny Newell, 9AW

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