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Normal Stress (Orientation Is Normal/perpendicular To Cross Section)

The document summarizes bending stress formulas and concepts. It states that normal stress σ due to bending is calculated as σ = -My/Iz, where M is the bending moment, y is the distance from the neutral axis, and Iz is the second moment of area. It notes that the sign of stress should be determined by visualization, with tension occurring on the outside face and compression on the inside. Maximum stress occurs at the extreme edges where y is largest. It emphasizes being able to sketch elements and indicate stress directions due to bending and axial loads.

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Syabil Amasha
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46 views

Normal Stress (Orientation Is Normal/perpendicular To Cross Section)

The document summarizes bending stress formulas and concepts. It states that normal stress σ due to bending is calculated as σ = -My/Iz, where M is the bending moment, y is the distance from the neutral axis, and Iz is the second moment of area. It notes that the sign of stress should be determined by visualization, with tension occurring on the outside face and compression on the inside. Maximum stress occurs at the extreme edges where y is largest. It emphasizes being able to sketch elements and indicate stress directions due to bending and axial loads.

Uploaded by

Syabil Amasha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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• At beam section where bending moment M exists, normal

stress  (orientation is normal/perpendicular to cross


section) is
 =  M y / Iz
where Iz is 2nd moment of area of cross section & y is the
distance measured perpendicularly from neutral axis (NA).
• Better to ignore –ve sign and determine
p
tension/compression from visualization (see
( next slide).
)
• Maximum normal stress will occur at the extreme edge
(where y is a maximum).  = 0 at neutral axis.

N A
MUST be able to sketch element, at any point on a
structure, showing direction of normal stress (bending &
axial load)
4.16

From
40 mm d1 bottom
1 A(mm2) y (mm) Ay ( mm 3 )
15 mm
30 mm
d2 1 600 22.5 13500
17.5 mm
2 2 300 7.5 2250
 900 15750
20 mm

Y   Ay / A 15750 / 900 17.5 mm from bottom


ytop = 30 – 17.5 = 12.5 mm
ybottom = 17.5 mm
I1 =(bh3/12+Ad2)1 = (40/12)(153)+(600)(12.5-15/2)2=? mm4
(bh3/12+Ad2)2 = (20/12)(153)+(300)(17.5-15/2)
I2 =(bh )+(300)(17 5-15/2)2=?? mm4
I=I1+I2 = 61.875x10-9 m4
M=  I / y
Top: M = 118.8 Nm (tension)
Bottom : M = 106.1 Nm (comp)
Choose smaller M = 106.1 Nm
Sketch element??
PROBLEM 4.99 Determine the stress at points A & B, (a) for the loading
shown, (b) if the 60-kN loads are applied at points 1 & 2
only.
only

Note: always transfer all forces to the


centroid of the section of interest

Sketch element??
PROBLEM 4.122

45 mm

(always transfer all forces to the centroid of


the section of interest)

Pd
P

- Solve eqns
q ((1)) & ((2)) to find M=2.835 kNm & P=94.5 kN.

- Find d=30 mm from M = Pd.

Sketch element??
PROBLEM
4.144

(section properties to be obtained from the Appendix of the textbook)

My

Mz

+
Solve: My = 1
1.84
84 kNm
a = My / P = 36.8 mm

Note: always transfer all forces to the centroid of the section of interest before calculating stresses
Pa P

75P

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