NARRATION / SPEECH

Narration :: Narration A_© e³…Zv | e³v nq bv| ïay person Gi cwieZ©b nq| h_v He
hvnv e‡j ZvnvB Narration | Narration `yB says, “ I write a letter.”
cÖKvi h_v 2)) Reporting verb hw` past Tense nq Ges
(i) Direct speech (ii) Indirect speech Reported speech hw` present Indefinite
1)) Direct speech :: hLb †Kvb K_v‡K Tense
cwieZ©b bv K‡i AweKj †m fvlvq ejv nq Zv‡K nq Z‡e indirect Kivi mgq Reported speech,
Direct speech e‡j| Direct speech ( " ") inverted
past Indefinite Tense G Ki ‡Z nq| h_v
commas g‡a¨ _v‡K e‡j G‡K Reported speech
He said, “ I eat rice.”
e‡j|
2)) Indirect speech :: hLb †Kvb K_v‡K 3)) Reporting verb hw` past Tense nq Ges
cwieZ©b K‡i wb‡Ri fvlvq ejv nq ZLb Zv‡K Reported speech hw` present Continuous
Indirect speech e‡j | Tense nq Z‡e indirect Kivi mgq Reported
**e³vi e³‡e¨ evB‡ii verb †K Reporting verb e‡j| speech, past Continuous Tense G Ki‡Z nq|
Reporting verb Gi c‡i hw` object _v‡K Z‡e h_v: He said to me, “ you are going to school.”
Zv‡K object of the Reporting verb ejv nq| 4)) Reporting verb hw` past Tense nq Ges
Reported speech hw` present Perfect Tense
Person Gi cwieZ©b nq Z‡e indirect Kivi mgq Reported speech,
(a):: Reported speech Gi First person me©`v past Perfect Tense G Ki‡Z nq|
Reorting verb Gi Subject Gi Person Abyhvqx h_v: He said, “ I have done the work.”
cwieZ©b nq| h_v He said,”I am ill.”
Rana will say ,“ He is a good boy.” 5)) Reporting verb hw` past Tense nq Ges
Reported speech hw` present Perfect
Note:: Reporting verb Gi Subject hw` (He/she) Continuous Tense nq Z‡e indirect Kivi mgq
Ges Reported Speech Gi First Person hw` (I Reported speech, past Perfect Continuous
,My) _v‡K Z‡e indirect Kivvi mgq ( I/ My) Gi
Tense G Ki‡Z nq|
cwie‡Z He/she &I his/her e‡m|
h_v: They said,“ We have been Playing
(b):: Reported Speech Gi Second person
football.”
me`©v Reporting verb Gi Object Gi Abyhvqx
cwieZ©b nq| 6)) Reporting verb hw` past Tense nq
Note :: Reported Speech Gi Second person
GesReported speech hw` Past Indefinite Tense
(You /Your) _vK‡j indirect Kivvi mgq
nq Z‡e indirect Kivi mgq Reported speech, past
Reporting verb Gi Object Abyhvqx (I, My)e‡m|
Perfect Tense G Ki‡Z nq|
h_v Lisha said to me ,” You have done well in
h_v : He said,“ I wrote a letter.”
the Examination.”
(C) :: Reported Speech Gi Third person †Kvb 7)) Reporting verb hw` past Tense nq Ges
cwieZ©b nq bv ïayTenes Gi cwieZ©b nq| h_v Reported speech hw` Past Continuous Tense
Rana will say , “ He is a good boy.” nq Z‡e indirect Kivi mgq Reported speech,
(d) :: Reported Speech Gi g‡a¨ ÓWe” First past Perfect Continuous Tense G Ki‡Z nq|
person m‡Ë &I indirect Kivvi mgq Ó We” h_v: He said , “ I was reading a book.”
cwieZ©b nq bv ïay
Tenes Gi cwieZ©b nq| h_v 8)) Reporting verb hw` past Tense nq Ges
The teacher said, “ we are mortal.” Reported speech hw` Past perfect/ Past
Rules of Changing Speech Perfect Continuous Tense nq Z‡e indirect
Kivi mgq Reported speech, Gi †Kvb
1)) Reporting verb Gesy Reported speech
cwieZ©b nq bv| ïay Person Gi cwieZ©b nq|
hw` present ev Future Tense nq Z‡e
h_v: The boy said, “ I had done the work.”
indirect Kivi mgq Tense Gi †Kvb cwieZ©b
 17) He said,” I had driven a car.”
18) He said,“ I may go to the fair.”
19) Monika said, “ I must write a latte.”
Direct Narration…………………………Indirect 20) He said, “ I was singing a song.”
21) He said,“ I shall go to school.”
Direct Indirect 22) He said,“ I should go to hospital.”
Will would
23) He said,“ I wrote a letter.”
Shall Should
Can Could 24) He said,“ I was ill yestersay.”
Should have Should have been 25) He said,“ I was reading a novel,”
May Might 26) Mother said to me ,“ You must go to school .”
Now Then 27) Mita said, “ I must write a letter.”
Am/is/are Was/were 28) They said, “ Man is mortal,”
Have/has Had Assertive sentence. (Answer)
Have been/ has been Had been
1)He says that he is ill.
Might Had to
This That 2) Luna says that they are going to school
Come Go 3) He will say that he is well.
Ago Before 4) Mili will say he is a good boy.
Here There 5) He said that he wrote a letter.
Today That day 6)He said that he would do the work.
Tomorrow The next day 7) He said that he had written a letter.
Yesterday The day before
8) Jebin said that he was reading a book.
Next week The following week
9) Mina told me that I had done well in the examination .
To night That night
Last night The night before 10) He told me that he could help his.
Last month The month before 11) Munna said that he would do the work hard.
Last year The year before 12)We say that you can work.
13) Kamal told me that he would go to Dhaka.
Narration 14) He told me that he had done his duty.
15)He said that he had gone to Khulna.
inverted commas Gi cwieZ©b 16) He said that he was happy.
a))Reported speech hw` assertive 17) He said that he had driven a car.
sentence nq Z‡e ( " ")Inverted commas Gi 18)He said that he might go to the fair.
cwie‡Z that e‡m(say…..say) (said…said) 19) Monika said that she had to write a letter.
( said….told)( say to..tell) e‡m (must…had 20) He said that he had been singing a song.
to) 21) He said that he would go to cinema.
1)) He says,“I am ill.” 22) He said that he would go to hospital.
2) Luna says,“ We are going to school.” 23) He said that he had written a letter.
3) He will say,”I am well. 24) He said that he had ill the day before.
4) Mili will say,” He is a good boy.” 25) He said that he had been reading a novel.
5) He said,“ I write a letter .’’ 26) Mother told me that I had to go to school.
6) He said ,‘’ I shall do the work.’’ 27) Mita said that she had to write a letter.
7) He said, ‘’I have written a letter.’’ 28) They said that man is mortal.
8) Jebin said, ’’I am reading a book.’’ b)) Reported speech hw` Interrogative
9) Mina said to me ,“ You have done well in the
sentence nq Z‡e ( " ") Inverted
examination.” 10) He said to me ,“ I can help you.
11) Munna said,“ I shall do the work.” commas Gi cwie‡Z if/ wh e‡m|
12) We say to me,“ You can work hard.” (say/says…...ask) (said…..asked) ( said
13) Kamal said to me,“ He will go to the work to …..asked)
14) He said to me, ”I have done my duty.” 1)) Father said to me, “Are you reading now?”
15) He said, ” I went to Khulna.” 2) He said to me ,“ Are you ill?”
16) He said,” I am happy.”
3) Mother said to me,“ Have you written the letter?” 1)The man said to me, “Please give me a glass of
4)The teacher said to me,“ Will you go to home?” milk.” 2) Father said to her son, “ Always speak
5) He said to me, “ Do you like flowers?” the truth.”
6) She said to me,” Are you brothers?” 3) The man said to me, “ Give me the paper.”
7) He said to me, “ Did you go to school ?” 4) He said to me, “ Go home at once.”
9) He said to me, “ Where is the boy,” 5) He said to them, “ Let us play.”
8) The man said to me, “ What is your name?” 6) Father said to me, “ Let us go out for a walk,”
10) Mother said to me,“ Which book have you read,” 7) The friends said to me, “ Let us read the book,”
11) She said to me,” Why did you go there,” 8) Mother said, “ Let him do what he likes.”
12) Rahim said to me,“ When have you come?” 9) The beggar said to me, “ Let me have a meal.”
13) Rahana said to her brother, “Have you done the sum? 10) He said to me , “Please give me a glass of water.”
14) Lisha said to Rafia,“Did you come to our house yesterday? 11) The captain said to soldiers,“ Fire on,”
15) Niam said to me,“ Where did you go yesterday?” 12) He said to me, ”Let us lout for a walk.”
16) Afsana said to his sister,“ Will you go to school?” 13)The teacher said to the student, “Go out of
17) Runa said to suma,” will meet me tomorrow?” classroom.” 14) We said to the chairman,“ Let us
18) Najma said to him,“ Have you taken my pen?” drop the matter.”
19) He said to me, “ Where do you live?”
20) Sohel said to Rasel, “What are you doing?” Imperative sentence (Answer)
1)The man requested me to give him a glass of milk.
Interrogative sentence (Answer)
2) Father advised his son to speak the truth always.
1)Father asked me if i was reading then. 3) The man requested me to give him the paper.
2) He asked me if I was ill. 4)He ordered me to go home at once
3) Mother asked me if I had written the letter. 5) He proposed to them that they should play.
4) The teacher asked me if I should go home. 6)Father proposed to me that we should go out
5) He asked if I liked flowers. for a walk. 7)The friends suggested me that we
6) She asked me if I was brothers. should read the book. 8) Mother said that
7) He asked me if I had gone to school
he might do what he liked. 9)The beggar told
8) The man asked me if what my was name .
me that he might be allowed to have a meal.
9) He asked me where the boy was.
10) He requested me to give him a glass water.
10) Mother asked which book I had read. 11) The captain commanded the soldiers to fire on.
11) She asked him why he had gone there. 12) The teacher ordered the student to go out of
12) Rahim asked me when I had come. the class room. 13) He proposed to me that
13) Rahana asked if her brother his had done the sum .
we should go for a walk. 14) We proposed the
14) Lisha asked Rafia if she had gone to college everday.
15) Naim asked me where I had gone the day before. chairman we should drop the matter.
16) Afsana asked his sister if she would go to school. d)) Reported speech hw` Optative sentence nq
17) Runa asked Suma if she would meet her the Z‡e ( " ") Inverted commas Gi cwie‡Z that
next day. 18) Najma asked him if he had taken her
e‡m| (say/says…..pray/wish) (said…prayed
pen. 19) He asked me where I lived. 20) Sohel
/wished) ( said to …prayed/wished)
asked Rasel what he was doing
(may….might) e‡m|
C)) Reported speech hw` Imperative sentence Structure:: Sub + wish/pray+ that+ sub
nq Z‡e ( " ") Inverted comma Gi cwie‡Z To +may/might + m.v +obj
e‡m| 1)) He said, “ May you be happy.”
Structure:: Sub+ request/advise/command/ order 2) Abdur Rahim said, “ Bangladesh may prosper day
/respectfully/ propose/suggest+ to+ m.v+ obj. by day,” 3) He said,“ Long live our president.”
(1) please _vK‡j request/requested e‡m| 5) She said, “ Long live the king.”
(2 ) Always _vK‡j advise/advised e‡m| 4) Mother said” May Allah help you.”
(3) Av‡`k eySv‡j order/command e‡m| 6) My mother said.“ May God bless you.”
(4) sir _vK‡j respectfully (with respect) e‡m| 7) He said.” Long live the king.”
(5) Let _vK‡j propose/suggest e‡m Ges us Gi 8)The teacher said to me.“ May you shine in life.”
cwie‡Z© we/they+ should e‡m|(“ “) Gi cwie‡©Z 9)The people said, “Long live the prime Minister.”
that e‡m| 10)father said to me ,“May you pass the examination.”
11) The teacher said to the students, “ May Allah a nice gift I have got for you !” 14) He said
bless you.” to me ,“Bravo! You have done very well .”
12) They said, “ Long live our president.” 15) You said to me, “ How nice your handwriting
13) The teacher said to the student, “May you is !”
come round soon.” Exclamatory sentence(Answer)
14) The president said ,“May Bangladesh live long.” 1)They exclaimed whit joy that the bird was very
Optative sentence (Answer) beautiful. 2) He exclaimed whit grief that
1)He wished that I might be happy. I was a great fool. 3) Luna exclaimed with joy
2) abdur Rahim prayed that Bangladesh might that it was a very beautiful flower.
prosper bay be day. 4) She exclaimed with sorrow that her mother
3) He wished that their president might live long. was dead. 5) Rina exclaimed with sorrow
4) Mother prayed that Allah might help me. that it was a great pity. 6) Rekha exclaimed
5) She wished that the king might live long. with joy that the scenery was very beautiful .
6) My Mother prayed that Got might bless you. 7) He exclaimed whit grief that the man was a
7) He prayed that the king might live long . great fool. 8) The students exclaimed with
8) The teacher prayed me that I might shine in joy that their team had won the game.
life. 9)The people wished that the prime Minster 9) The man exclaimed with sorrow that he was
might long live. 10) Father prayed that I might undone. 10) Silvia exclaimed with joy that
pass the examination. 11) The teacher it was a very fine bird. 11) I exclaimed that
wished that Allah might bless the student. his father was a very nice fellow.
12) They wished that their president might live 12) The man exclaimed with sorrow that the
long. 13) The teacher prayer that the student boys were very wicked.
might come round soon. 14)The president 13) Najir exclaimed with joy that he had got a
wished that Bangladesh might live long. very nice gift for Suman.
14) He exclaimed with you that I had done very
E) Reported speech hw` Exclamatory well. 15) You exclaimed with joy that my
sentence nq Z‡e ( " ")Inverted commas Gi handwriting was very nice.
cwie‡Z that e‡m| (say/says…. exclaim)
(said… exclaimed) ( said to ..asked) e‡m|
Structure :: Sub+ exclaim with joy /exclaim
with sorrow + that + sub +a.v very/great+
adjective + obj e‡m|
(a);; Avb›` eySv‡j exclaim with joy e‡m|
(b);; `y:L eySv‡j exclaim with sorrow
e‡m|
1)) They said, “ How beautiful the bird is!”
2) He said.“ What a fool you are!”
3) Luna said, “ What a beautiful flower it is!”
4) She said, “ alas! My mother is dead!”
5) Rina said to me, “ What a pity!”
6) Rekha said, “ How beautiful the scenery is !”
7) He said, “ What a fool the man is !”
8) The students said,“ Hurrah ! Our team has
won the game.” 9) The man said, “ Alas ! I am
undone.” 10) Silvia said,“ What a fine bird it is!”
11) I said to my friend,“ What a nice fellow your
father is !” 12) The man said to the boy,“ How
silly you are!” 13) Najir said to Suman, “ What