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Biology Notes - Water

Water has polar covalent bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms that give it unique properties. The slightly positive hydrogen of one water molecule is attracted to the slightly negative oxygen of another, forming hydrogen bonds between molecules. These hydrogen bonds allow water to have high surface tension, cohesion, and adhesion properties. Water's high heat capacity and heat of vaporization allow it to stabilize temperatures and cool organisms through evaporation. Its polarity also makes it an excellent solvent that can dissolve many other polar substances and ions.

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Hilary Yu
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178 views1 page

Biology Notes - Water

Water has polar covalent bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms that give it unique properties. The slightly positive hydrogen of one water molecule is attracted to the slightly negative oxygen of another, forming hydrogen bonds between molecules. These hydrogen bonds allow water to have high surface tension, cohesion, and adhesion properties. Water's high heat capacity and heat of vaporization allow it to stabilize temperatures and cool organisms through evaporation. Its polarity also makes it an excellent solvent that can dissolve many other polar substances and ions.

Uploaded by

Hilary Yu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Water

Polarity
O is
electronegative than H ( H partial t charge O partial charge )
-

more =
re ,
-
-
-
re

Unequal sharing of electrons creates polar covalent bond


-

Hydrogen bond : Intermolecular attraction between water molecules

H bonds
-
are
strongest of all intermolecular bonding

Weak bond but lots of H2O molecules


,

polar bonds covalent bonds between and


hydrogen atoms
-

oxygen
:

Properties of water
-
Cohesion :
Binding of molecules of the same
type

Tendency of water molecules sticking to each other due to


hydrogen bonding

Allows water to up vascular tissue in


move plants against gravity

creates surface tension to allow some


organisms to walk on water

Adhesion
Binding of different polar molecules
-
:

water can also form bonds with other


hydrogen polar molecules

water adheres to cellulose in the walls of xylem vessels


-

Solvent water
: is a universal solvent

molecules and and


Dissolves other polar positively negatively charged ions
Acts as a transport medium (blood and
cytoplasm) for important molecules in biological organisms

The medium where most


biochemistry of a cell occurs

Thermal :
High heat capacity
Breaks down
hydrogen bonds in water
stabilizes temperature in aquatic ecosystems , more stable than terrestrial

Coolant :
High latent heat of vaporization
-

Requires a lot of heat to evaporate water

As humans sweat water droplets absorb heat from under the skin
,

causes water to evaporate cooling down


, our
body

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