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6 - Sample Problems With Solutions

1) The document contains 5 sample problems related to fundamentals of fluid flow. 2) The problems involve applying the principles of conservation of energy and continuity to calculate variables such as head loss, pressure, flow rate, and elevation changes in open channel and pipe flow systems. 3) The solutions show the setup and solving of relevant equations to find the requested variables in each problem.

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Gray Fiore Fullbuster
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13K views

6 - Sample Problems With Solutions

1) The document contains 5 sample problems related to fundamentals of fluid flow. 2) The problems involve applying the principles of conservation of energy and continuity to calculate variables such as head loss, pressure, flow rate, and elevation changes in open channel and pipe flow systems. 3) The solutions show the setup and solving of relevant equations to find the requested variables in each problem.

Uploaded by

Gray Fiore Fullbuster
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SAMPLE PROBLEMS

FUNDAMENTALS OF FLUID FLOW


SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
Water is flowing in an open channel at a depth of 2m and a
velocity of 3m/s. It flows down a chute into another channel
where the depth is 1m and the velocity is 10 m/s. Neglecting
friction, determine the difference in elevation of the channel
floors.
SOLUTION
𝑣12
V = 3 m/s
2𝑔

2m

E1 = E2 𝑣22
𝑣12 𝑣22 2𝑔
+2+𝑧= +1
2𝑔 2𝑔
32 102
Z =? +2+𝑧 = +1 V = 10 m/s
2(9.81) 2(9.81)

Z= 3.64 m
1m
SAMPLE PROBLEM 2
The pump shown draws water from the reservoir A at elevation 10 m and lifts it to
reservoir B at elevation 60m. The loss of head from A to 1 is two times the velocity
head in the 200mm diameter pipe and the loss of head from 2 to B is ten times the
velocity head in the 150mm diameter pipe. Determine the related horsepower of the
pump and the pressure heads at 1 and 2 in meters when the discharge is 0.03 m3/sec.
SOLUTION: Q1 = Q2 = 0.03 m3/s
v2 8Q2
= 2 4
2g π gD

𝑣12 8 (0.03)2
= 2 = 0.0465 𝑚
2𝑔 𝜋 9.81 (0.2)4
𝑣22 8 (0.03)2
= 2 = 0.147 𝑚
2𝑔 𝜋 9.81 (0.15)4
Energy equation between A and B
𝑣𝐴2 𝑃𝐴 𝑣𝐵2 𝑃𝐵
+ + 𝑧𝐴 − 𝐻𝐿1−2 + 𝐻𝐴 − 𝐻𝐿2−𝐵 = + + 𝑧𝐵
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
0 + 0 + 10 - 2(0.0465) + HA -10(0.147 ) = 0 + 0 + 60
HA =51.563 m
Power output = Q𝛾 𝐻𝐴 = (0.03)(9810)(51.563) = 15,175 watts
Power output = 15,175 watts (1hp/ 746 watts) = 20.34 hp
SOLUTION: Pressure head between 1 and 2:
Energy equation between A and 1:
𝑣𝐴2 𝑝𝐴 𝑣12 𝑝1
+ + 𝑧𝐴 − 𝐻𝐿𝐴−1 = + + 𝑧1
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
𝑝1
0 + 0 + 10 – 2(0.0465) = 0.0465 + +0
𝛾

𝒑𝟏
𝜸
= 9.86 m

Energy equation between 2 and B:


𝑣22 𝑝2 𝑣𝐵2 𝑝𝐵
+ + 𝑧2 − 𝐻𝐿2−𝐵 = + + 𝑧𝐵
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
𝑝2
0.147 + + 0 – 10(0.147) = 0 + 0 + 60
𝛾

𝒑𝟐
= 61.323 m
𝜸
SAMPLE PROBLEM 3
Water enters a motor through a 600mm diameter pipe under a pressure
of 14 kPa. It leaves through a 900-mm diameter exhaust pipe with a
pressure of 4 kPa. A vertical distance of 2.5m separates the centers of the
two pipes at the sections where the pressures are measured. If 500 liters
of water pass the motor each second, compute the power supplied to
the motor.
SOLUTION
Energy equation between 1 and 2
(neglecting
2
head lost and 2taking point 2 as the datum)
𝑣1 𝑝1 𝑣2 𝑝2
+ + 𝑧1 − 𝐻𝐸 = + + 𝑧2
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
v2 8Q2
= 2 4
2g π gD
8(0.5)2 14 8 0.5 2 4
+ + 2.5 − 𝐻𝐸 = + +0
π2 9.81 0.6 4 9.81 π2 9.81 0.9 4 9.81
HE = 3.647
1 ℎ𝑝
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟, 𝑃 = 𝑄𝛾𝐻𝐸 = 0.5 9810 3.647 = 17,888.5 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠 ×
746 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠
𝑷 = 𝟐𝟑. 𝟗𝟖 𝒉𝒑
SAMPLE PROBLEM 4
A 20-hp suction pump operating at 70% efficiency draws water from a
suction line whose diameter is 200mm and discharges into air through a
line whose diameter is 150mm. The velocity in the 150mm line is 3.6m/s.
If the pressure at point A in the suction pipe is 34 kPa below the
atmosphere, where A is 1.8m below B on the 150mm line, determine the
maximum elevation above B to which water can be raised assuming a
head loss of 3m due to friction.
SOLUTION
Energy equation between A and C (datum A)
Power (output) = 𝑄𝛾𝐻𝐴
2
𝑣𝐴 𝑝𝐴 𝑣𝐶2 𝑝𝐶
Where: Q = Q1 =Q2 + + 𝑧𝐴 + 𝐻𝐴 − 𝐻𝐿 = + + 𝑧𝐶
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
𝑣𝑐2 −34
𝑣2 = 3.6 m/s = 𝑣𝑐 ; = 0.66 𝑚 0.21 + + 0 + 23.91 − 3 = 0.66 + 0 + 1.8 + ℎ
2𝑔 9.81
𝜋 2
𝑄2 = 0.15 3.6 = 0.0636 𝑚3 /𝑠 h=15.19 m
4
0.0636
𝑣𝐴 = 𝑣1 = 𝜋Τ (0.2)2 = 2.025 𝑚/𝑠
4
2
𝑣𝐴
= 0.21 𝑚
2𝑔
20 hp x (746 watts / 1hp) = 0.0636 (9810) HA
HA = 23.91m
SAMPLE PROBLEM 5
Water flows freely from the reservoir
shown through a 50-mm diameter
pipe at the rate of 6.31 lit/sec. If the
head lost in the system is 11.58
Joule/N, determine the elevation of
the water surface in the reservoir if
the discharge end is at elevation 4m.
SOLUTION
𝐿
𝑄 = 6.31 = 0.00631 𝑚3 /𝑠
𝑠
𝐻𝐿 = 11.58 𝑁 − 𝑚 /𝑁 = 11.58 m
Energy equation between 1 and 2:
𝑣12 𝑝1 𝑣22 𝑝2
+ + 𝑧1 − 𝐻𝐿 = + + 𝑧2
2𝑔 𝛾 2𝑔 𝛾
8(0.00631)2
0+0+z1 – 11.58 = +0+4
π2 9.81 0.05 4
Z1 = 16.11 m

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