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Manual Testing Interview Question by Shammi Jha

The document provides examples and definitions for key concepts in manual testing like priority and severity, defect classification, test case review principles, contents of requirements documents, differences between web and client-server testing, examples of web application architectures, procedures for handling high severity defects found close to a deadline, the bug life cycle, ways to report defects using an Excel sheet, how to report defects for which no test case exists, and differences between web and client-server applications.

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100% found this document useful (7 votes)
7K views25 pages

Manual Testing Interview Question by Shammi Jha

The document provides examples and definitions for key concepts in manual testing like priority and severity, defect classification, test case review principles, contents of requirements documents, differences between web and client-server testing, examples of web application architectures, procedures for handling high severity defects found close to a deadline, the bug life cycle, ways to report defects using an Excel sheet, how to report defects for which no test case exists, and differences between web and client-server applications.

Uploaded by

anilprasadallu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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100 MANUAL TESTING QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

1. What is meant by Priority and severity?


Severity:-
1. This is assigned by the Test Engineer
2. This is to say how badly the deviation that is occurring is affecting the other modules of the build or
release.
Priority:-
1. This is assigned by the Developer.
2. This is to say how soon the bug as to be fixed in the main code, so that it pass the basic requirement.
Ex: The code is to generate some values with some valid input conditions. The priority will be assigned
so based on the following conditions:
a. It is not accepting any value
b. It is accepting value but output is in non-defined format (say Unicode Characters).

2. Give me some example for high severity and low priority defect?
Suppose we have banking application which calculate Yearly, Monthly and Weekly interest.
But we have error in Yearly calculation then we can say it as HIGH SEVERIRTY and LOW priority
because we can fix it in next week also no problem.
2.1. Q. 8 Give me some example for high priority and low severity defect?
1. If suppose we have wrong title of the particular concern is not spelled correctly on HOME
page , it would give a negative impacted ICICC is spelled as a title for the project of the concern
ICICI. Then it is a high priority, low severity.

2. Suppose in one banking application there is one module ATM Facility. In that ATM facility
when ever we are depositing/withdrawing money it is not showing any conformation message
but actually at the back end it is happening properly without any mistake means only missing of
message, in this case as it is happening properly so there is nothing wrong with the application
but as end user is not getting any conformation message so he/she will be
Confuse for this. So we can consider this issue as HIGH Priority but LOW Severity defects…

2.2 Give me some example for low severity and low priority defect?
If suppose we have bug on page which is have very less hit i.e. rarely, then we can say it as low
severity, low priority defect.

3. What is basis (main principle) for test case review?


The main basis for the test case review is
1. Testing techniques oriented review
2. Requirements oriented review
3. Defects oriented review.

4. What are the contents of SRS documents?


It stands for software requirements specifications and Functional requirements specifications,
having detail regarding the project which helps for both development and testing department.
5. What is difference between the Web application testing and Client Server testing?
Testing the application in intranet (without browser) is an example for client -server. (The
company firewalls for the server are not open to outside world. Outside people cannot access
the application.)So there will be limited number of people using that application.
Testing an application in internet (using browser) is called web testing, the application which is
accessible by numerous number of people around the world (World Wide Web.)

The basic difference between web based application & client server application is that the web
application are 3 tier & client based are 2 tier.

CLIENT AND SERVER: Connected mode (connection exists always until logout) and Limited
number of users

WEB: Disconnected mode (state less) and Unlimited number of users

In web based changes are made at one place & it is reflected on other layers also whereas
client based separate changes need be installed on client machine also.

So testing web application, apart from the above said two testing there are many other testing
to be done depending on the type of web application we are testing.
If it is a secured application (like banking site- we go for security testing etc.)
If it is an e-commerce testing application we go for Usability testing, performance testing etc.

6. Explain your web application architecture?


Web application is tested in 3 phases
1. Web tier testing –> browser compatibility
2. Middle tier testing –> functionality, security
3. Data base tier testing –> database integrity, contents

If you want more technically then I can in according to development phases based on MVC
architecture then:

1. Web tier testing –> browser compatibility: Presentation layer(V view): Where only we can test
UI related things it’s the front view of the application.
2. Middle tier testing –> functionality, security: Logical layer (C Controller): This business logic
layer i.e. Controller all kind of processing and API work out here.
3. Data base tier testing –> database integrity, contents: Persistent layer (M Model): This layer
have direct relation with DB what ever the instruction request received from top logical layer
will forwarded to DB and processed response will be sent back which is requested.

In real time applications, in the case of server side programming one must follow the
architecture to develop a distributed application.
To develop any distributed application, it is always recommended to follow either 3-tier
architecture or 2-tier architecture or n-tier architecture.
3-tier architecture is also known as MVC architecture.
M stands for Model (database programming)
V stands for View (client side programming, HTML/AWT/APPLET/Swing/JSP) and
C stands for Controller (server side programming, Servlet )
The general architecture of MVC or 3-tier:

1. Client makes a request.


2. Server side program receives the request.
3. The server looks for or search for the appropriate resource in the resource pool.
J2EE (Advanced) JAVA
4. If the resource is not available server side program displays a user friendly message (page
cannot be displayed). If the resource is available, that program will execute gives its result to
server, server interns gives response to that client who makes a request.
5. When server want to deals with database to retrieve the data, server side program sends a
request to the appropriate database.
6. Database server receives the server request and executes that request.
7. The database server sends the result back to server side program for further processing.
8. The server side program is always gives response to ‘n’ number of clients concurrently.

7.suppose the product/application has to deliver to client at 5.00PM,At that time you or your
team member caught a high severity defect at 3PM.(Remember defect is high severity)But the
client is cannot wait for long time. You should deliver the product at 5.00Pm exactly. Then
what is the procedure you follow?
The bug is high severity only so we send the application to the client and find out the severity is
priority or not, if its priority then we ask him to wait.
Here we found defects/bugs in the last minute of the delivery or release date
then we have two options
1. Explain the situation to client and ask some more time to fix the bug.
2. If the client is not ready to give some time then analyze the impact of defect/bug and try to
find workarounds for the defect and mention these issues in the release notes as known issues
or known limitations or known bugs. Here the workaround means remedy process to be
followed to overcome the defect effect.
3. Normally this known issues or known limitations (defects) will be fixed in next version or next
release of the software

9. Explain about Bug life cycle?


1) Tester->
2) Open defect->
3) Send to developer
4) ->if accepted moves to step5 else sends the bug to tester gain
5) Fixed by developer ->
6) Regression testing->
7) No problem inbuilt and sign off
->if problem in built reopen the issue send to step3

10. How can you report the defect using excel sheet?
To report the defect using excel sheet
1: The Feature that been effected.
2: Test Case ID (Which fail you can even mention any other which are dependency on this bug)
3: Actual Behavior
4: Expected Behavior as mentioned in Test Case or EFS or EBS or SRS document with section
5: Your Test Setup used during Testing
6: STR: Steps to Re-Produce the bug
7: Additional Info
8: Attach a Screen Shot if it is a GUI bug
9: Which other features it is blocking because of this bug that you are unable to
Execute the test cases.
10: How much time you took to execute that test case or follow that specific TC
which leaded to bug?

OR

1. Test case ID
2. Module/section of the application (if applicable)
3. Issue (defect) description – a short describing what the bug is
4. Actual Behavior
5. Expected Behavior as mentioned in Test Case or EFS or EBS or SRS document with section.
6. STR Steps to reproduce the bug-information that will help re-encounter the issue.
7. Attach a Screen Shot if it is a GUI bug
8. Severity(High, medium and Low)
9. Which other features it is blocking because of this bug that you are unable to
execute the test cases.
10. How much time you took to execute that test case or follow that specific TC
which leaded to bug?
11. Issue status (Fix, Fail and Pending)
12. Project manager comment

11. If you have executed 100 test cases every test case passed but apart from these test case
you found some defect for which test case is not prepared, then how you can report the bug?
While reporting this bug into bug tracking tool you will generate the test case mean put the
steps to reproduce the bug.

12. What is the difference between web based application and client server application?
The basic difference between web based application & client server application is that the web
application are 3 tiers & client based are 2 tiers.

In web based changes are made at one place & it is reflected on other layers also whereas
client based separate changes need be installed on client machine also.

13. What is test plan? And can you tell the test plan contents?
Test plan is a high level document which explains the test strategy, time lines and available
resources in detail. Typically a test plan contains:
-Objective
-Test strategy
-Resources
-Entry criteria
-Exit criteria
-Use cases
-Test cases
-Tasks
-Features to be tested and not tested
-Risks/Assumptions.

14. How many test cases can you write per a day, an average figure?
Complex test cases 4-7 per day (10)
Medium test cases 10-15 per day (20)
Normal test cases 20-30 per day (30)

15. Who will prepare FRS (functional requirement documents)? What is the important of FRS?
The Business Analyst will prepare the FRS.
Based on this we are going to prepare test cases.
It contains
1. Overview of the project
2. Page elements of the Application (Filed Names)
3. Prototype of the application.
4. Business rules and Error states
5. Data Flow diagrams (DFD)
6. Use cases contains Actor and Actions and System Responses.

16. How you can decide the number of test cases is enough for testing the given module?

The developed test cases are covered all the functionality of the application we can say test
cases are enough. To know the functionality covered or not you can use RTM.

17. What is the difference between Retesting and Data Driven Testing?

Retesting: it is manual process in which application will be tested with entire new set of data.
Data Driven Testing(DDT)-It is a Automated testing process in which application is tested with
multiple test dated is very easy procedure than retesting because the tester should sit and need
to give different new inputs manually from front end and it is very tedious and boring Procedure.

18. What is regression testing?

After the Bug fixed, testing the application whether the fixed bug is affecting remaining
functionality of the application or not. Majorly in regression testing Bug fixed module and its
connected modules are checked for their integrity after bug fixation.

19. How does you test web application?

Web application testing


Web application should have the following features like
1. Attractive User Interface (logos, fonts, alignment)
2. High Usability options
3. Security features (if it has login feature)
4. Data Base (back end)
5. Performance (appearing speed of the application on client system)
6. Able to work on different Browsers (Browser compatibility), O.S compatibility (technically
called as portability)
7. Broken link testing………etc

So we need to follow out the following test strategy.


1. Functionality Testing
2. Performance Testing (Load, volume, Stress, Scalability)
3. Usability Testing
4. User Interface Testing (colors, fonts, alignments…)
5. Security Testing
6. Browser compatibility Testing (different versions and different browser)
7. Broken link and Navigation testing.
8. Database (back end) Testing (data integrity)
9. Portability testing (Multi O.s Support)….etc

20. How does u perform regression testing, means what test cases u select for regression?

Regression testing will be conducted after any bug fixed or any functionality changed.
During defect fixing procedure some part of coding may be changed or functionality may be
manipulated. In this case the old test cases will be updated or completely re written
According to new features of the application where bug fixed area.

Here possible areas are old test cases will be executed as usual or some new test cases will be
added to existing test cases or some test cases may be deleted.

21. What are the client side scripting languages and server side scripting languages?

Client side scripting languages are:-


- JavaScript, VBScript, PHP…etc
- Client side scripting languages are useful to validate the inputs or user actions from user side
or client side.
- Client side scripting is good because it won’t send the unwanted input’s to server for validation.
From front-end itself it validated the user inputs and restricts the user activities and guides him

Server side Scripting languages are:-


- Perl, JSP, ASP, PHP.etc
- Server side Scripting languages are to validate the inputs at server side.
-These scripting languages provide security for the application. And also provides dynamic
nature to web or client server application.

22. If a very low defect (user interface) is detected by u and the developer not compromising
with that defect, what will u do?
User interface defect is a high visibility defect and easy to reproduce.
Follow the below procedure
1. Reproduce the defect
2. Capture the defect screen shots
3. Document the proper inputs that you are used to get the defect in the defect report
4. Send the defect report with screen shots, inputs and procedure for defect reproduction.
Before going to this you must check your computer hard ware configuration that is same as
developer system configuration. And also check the system graphic drivers are properly.
Installed or not. If the problem in graphic drivers the User interfaces error will come.
So first check your side if it is correct from your side then reports the defect by following the
above method.
23.if u r only person in the office and client asked u for some changes and u didn’t get what
the client asked for what will u do?
One thing here is very important. Nobody will ask test engineer to change software that is not
your duty, even if it is related to testing and anybody is not there try to listen carefully if you are
not understand ask him again and inform to the corresponding people immediately.
Here the client need speedy service, we (our company) should not get any blame from
customer side.

24. How to get top two salaries from employee tables?


Select * from EMP e where 2>= (select count (*) from EMP e where sal>e.sal) order by desc sal.

25. How many Test-Cases can be written for the calculator having 0-9 buttons, Add, Equalto
buttons? The test cases should be focused only on add-functionality but mot GUI.What is
those test-cases?
Test-Cases for the calculator
so here we have 12 buttons totalize 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,ADD,Equalto -12 buttons
here u can press at least 4 buttons at a time minimum for example 0+1= for zero u should press
‘zero’ labeled button for plus u should press ‘+’ labeled button for one u should press ‘one’
labeled button for equal to u should press ‘equal to’ labeled button 0+1=here + and = positions
will not vary so first number position can be varied from 0 to 9 i.e. from permutation and
combinations u can fill that space in 10 ways in the same way second number position can be
varied from 0 to 9 i.e. from permutation and combinations u can fill that space in 10 ways
Total number of possibilities are =10×10=100
This is exhaustive testing methodology and this is not possible in all cases.
In mathematics we have one policy that the function satisfies the starting and ending values of
a range then it can satisfy for entire range of values from starting to ending.
then we check the starting conditions i.e. one test case for ‘0+0=’ (expected values you know
that’s ‘0′) then another test case for ‘9+9=’(expected values you know that’s ‘18′) only two test
cases are enough to test the calculator functionality.

26. What is positive and negative testing, explain with example?


Positive Testing - testing the system by giving the valid data.
Negative Testing - testing the system by giving the Invalid data.
For Exam application contains a textbox and as per the user’s Requirements the textbox should
accept only Strings. By providing only String as input data to the textbox & to check whether its
working properly or not means it is Positive Testing. If giving the input other than String means
it is negative Testing.

27. How will you prepare Test plan. What are the techniques involved in preparing the Test
plan?
Test plan means planning for the release. This includes Project background
Test Objectives: Brief overview and description of the document
Test Scope: setting the boundaries
Features being tested (Functionalities)
Hardware requirements
Software requirements
Entrance Criteria (When to start testing):
Exit criteria (when to stop testing):
Test environment established, Builder received from developer, Test case prepared and
reviewed.
All bug status cycle are closed, all functionalities are tested, and all high and medium bugs are
resolved.
Project milestones: dead lines

28. What is the Defect Life Cycle?


Defect life cycle is also called as bug life cycle. It has 6stages namely
1. New: found new bug
2. Assigned: bud assigned to developer
3. Open: developer is fixing the bug
4. Fixed: developer has fixed the bug
5. Retest: tester retests the application
6. Closed/ Re-opened: if it is ok tester gives closed status else he re-opens and sends back to
developer.

29. Explain about Metrics Management?


Metrics: is nothing but a measurement analysis. Measurement analysis and Improvement is one
of the process area in CMM I L2.

30. What is performance Testing and Regression Testing?


Performance Testing:-testing the present working condition of the product
Regression Testing:-Regression Testing is checking for the newly added functionality causing any
errors interims of functionality and the common functionality should be stable in the latest and
the previous versions.

31. How do you review test case? Type of Review…


Types of reviewing test cases depend upon company standards, viz..,
-Peer review
-Team lead (TL) review and
-Project Manager (PM) review.
Some times client may also review the test cases reg what is approach following for project
A peer review:- a review technique, which is a static white-box testing which
are conducted to spot the defects early in the life cycle that cannot be detected
by black box testing techniques.

32. In which way tester get Build A, Build B….. Build Z of an application, just explains the
process?
After preparation of test cases project manager will release software release note in that
document there will be URL path of the website link from that we will receive
the Build,

In case of web server projects, you will be provided with an URL or a 92.168. ***. *** (Web
address) which will help you access the project using a browser from your system.

In case of Client server, the Build is placed in the VSS (Configuration tool) which will help you
get the .exe downloaded to your computer.

(A VSS is network system virtualization technology that pools multiple Cisco ® Catalyst ® 6500
Series Switches into one virtual switch, increasing operational efficiency, boosting nonstop
communications, and scaling system bandwidth capacity to 1.4 tbps)
33. Apart from bug reporting what is your involvement in project life cycle?
As a Test engineer we design
1. Test cases,
2. Prepare test cases,
3. Execute Test cases,
4. Track the bugs,
5. Analyze the results report the bugs and
Involved in Regression testing, performance of system testing, system integration testing at last
preparation of Test summary report.

34. What are the contents of test report?


There are two documents, which should be prepared at particular phase.
1. Test Results document.
2. Test Report document.
Test Results doc will be prepared at the phase of each type of Testing like FULL FUNCTIONAL
TEST PASS, REGRESSION TEST PASS, SANITY TEST PASS etc…Test case execution against.
The application once you prepared this doc, we will send the doc to our TL and PM .By seeing
the Test Results doc, TL will come to know the coverage part of the test case. Here I am giving
you the contents used in the Test Results doc?
1. Build No
2. Version name
3. Client OS.
4. Feature set
5. Main feature.
6. Defined Test cases on each feature.
7. QA engineer Name
8. Test e-cases executed. (Includes pass and fail)
9. Test cases on HOLD (Includes blocking test cases and deferred Test cases)
10. Coverage Report (Which includes the coverage ratings in %, like % of test cases covered, %
of test cases failed)
Coming to Test report, generally we will prepare Test report, once we rolled out the product to
our client. This document will be prepared by TL and delivered to the client. Mainly, this
document describes the what we have done in the project, achievements we have reached, our
learning’s in throughout the project etc. The other name for Test report is Project Closure
Report and we will summarize the all the activities, which have taken place in throughout the
project. Here I am giving your the contents covered in the Test Report:-

Test Report:-
1. Test Environment (Should be covered the OS, Application or web servers, Machine names,
Database, etc…)
2.Test Methods(Types of Tests, we have done in the project like Functional Testing, Platform
Testing, regression Testing etc.)
3. Major areas Covered.
4. Bug Tracking Details. (Includes inflow and outflow of the bus in our delivered project)
5. Work schedule (When we start the testing and we finished)
6. Defect Analysis
6.1 Defects logged in different types of tests like Functional Test, regression Test as per area
wised.
6.2 State of the Defects at end of the Test cycle.
6.3 Root cause analysis for the bugs marked as NOT A BUG.
7. QA observations or learning’s thought the life cycle.

35. Write high level test cases?


Write all the test cases under high level test case, which can be covered the main functionalities
like:-
Creation, edition, deletion, etc….as per prescribed in the screen.
Write all the test cases under low level TC, which can be covered the screen (UI related), like
input fields are displayed as per the requirements, buttons are enabled or disabled, and test
case for low priority functionalities.
Example a screen contains two edit boxes login and password and a put buttons OK and Reset
and check box for the label “Remember my password”.

Now let us write HIGH LEVEL TEST CASE and LOW LEVEL TEST CASE cases.

HIGH LEVEL TEST CASE (maximum test cases are functionality as per requirement):-
1. Verify that User is able to login with valid login and valid password.
2. Verify that User is not able to login with invalid login and valid password.
3. Verify that Reset button clears the filled screen.
4. Verify that a pop up message is displayed for blank login.
Etc…
LOW LEVEL TEST CASE (maximum test cases are UI related screens):-
1. Verify that after launching the URL of the application below fields are displays in the screen.
1. Login Name 2.Password.3.OK BUTTON 4.RESET button etc.
5. Check box, provided for the label “remember my password” is unchecked.
2. Verify that OK button should be disabled before selecting login and password fields.
3. Verify that OK button should we enabled after selecting login and password.
4. Verify that User is able to check the check box, provided for the label “remember my
password”.
Etc.
In this way, we can categories all the test cases under HIGH LEVEL and LOW LEVEL.

36. What is test scenario?


Test scenario will be framed on basis of the requirement, which need to be checked. For that,
we will frame set of test cases, in other terms, we can say all the conditions, which can be
determined the testing coverage against business requirement.
Please see the below example, which is exactly matched to my explanation.
As we know all most all the application are having login screen, which contains login name and
password. Here is the test scenario for login screen.

Scenario: USER’S LOGIN


Conditions to be checked to test the above scenario:
—————————————————-
1. Test login field and Password fields individually.
2. Try to login with valid login and valid password.
3. Try to login with invalid login and valid password and vice versa as:-

3.1 Login testing scenario condition:-

EMAIL PASSWORD
Empty Empty
Empty Invalid
Empty Valid
Valid Empty
Valid Invalid
In-Valid Empty
In-valid In-valid
In-valid Valid
VALID Login Success VALID Login Success

37. What is build duration?


it is a tiny gap between old version build and new version build in new version build some new
extra features are added

38. What is test deliverables?


Test deliverables are nothing but documents preparing after testing like test plan document,
test case template, bug report template.

Test deliverables will be delivered to the client not only for the completed activities, but also for
the activities, which we are implementing for the better productivity. (As per the company’s
standards).Here I am giving you some of the Test deliverables in my project.
1. QA test Plan
2.Test case Docs
3. QA Test plan, if we are using Automation.
4. Automation scripts
5. QA Coverage Matrix and defect matrix.
6. Traceability Matrix
7. Test Results doc
8. QA Schedule doc (describes the deadlines)
9. Test Report or Project Closure Report. (Prepared once we rolled out the project to client)
10. Weekly status report (sent by PM to the client)
11. Release Notes.

39. What is your involvement in test plan (TP)?


Test lead is involved in preparing test plan test engineers (TE) are no way related in preparing
test plan role.

TE is test case design, and execution and bug tracking and reporting them, Generally TL is
involved in preparation of the Test Plan. But it is not mandatory only TL will take main part in
the preparation of the TP. Test engineer can suggest to TL, if he (or) she has good understanding
on project and resources, if he or she has more exp with the project, if TL is wrongly given
deadlines. If your suggestions are valid, TL will incorporate all of them to the Test Plan but in
most of the companies Test engineers are just audience.

40. Which test cases are not to be automated?


All the test cases which are related to a feature of the product, that keeps on changing (there
are always some or the other enhancements in it). Frequent enhancements may change the UI,
add/remove few controls. Hence such cases, if automated, would involve lot of a intendance

41. If a project is long term project, requirements are also changes then test plan will change
or not? Why?
Yes, definitely.

If requirement changes, the design documents, specifications (for that particular module which
implements the requirements) will also change. Hence the test plan would also need to be
updated. This is because “Resource Allocation” is one section in the test
Plan. We would need to write new test cases, review, and execute it. Hence resource allocation
would have to be done accordingly. As a result the Test plan would change

42. Explain VSS (Virtual Source Safe)?


After completion of all phages from development side developer store the code in development
folder of VSS, Testing team copying code from that folder to testing folder, after completing
above phages from testing, testers put the build in base line folder.
It is version control tool mainly useful to developer, to storing code and maintains version
copying a code from VSS By developer is called CHECK-IN and Upload the code in to VSS is
called CHECK-OUT.

43. Who will assign severity & priority?


The tester/developer should give the priority based on severity of the bug
Severity means: is the impact of the bug on the application i.e. seriousness of the bug interims
of the functionality.
Priority means: is how soon it should get fixed i.e. importance of the bug interims of customer.

44. What is the Difference between Stub Testing and Driver Testing?
Stub testing:-
In top down approach, a core module is developed. To test that core module, small dummy
modules r used. So stubs r small dummy modules that test the core module.
Driver testing:-
In bottom up approach, small modules are developed. To test them a dummy core module
called driver is developed.

45. What is a “Good Tester”?


Is one who tries to break the developers software and in a position to venture the bugs. So that
at least 80% bugs free software can deliver.

46. What is cookie And Session testing?


A small text file of information that certain Web sites attach to a user’s hard drive while the user
is browsing the Web site. A Cookie can contain information such as user ID, user preferences,
archive shopping cart information, etc. Cookies can contain Personally Identifiable information.

Session is a connection between a server and client.

47. How would you perform performance testing manually for web site?
By noting the time to load page or perform any action with stop watch. I know it sounds funny
but this is the way performance is tested manually.

48. What is use case? Tell me the attribute of use case?


“Use Case is description of functionality certain features of an application interims of Actors,
actions and responsibilities.”
Use Case attributes are:-
1. Information of Document,
2. Description,
3. Objective,
4. Actors,
5.Pre-conditions,
6.Data-element descriptions,
7.post conditions,
8.primary flow,
9. Alternative flow and Business rules/interaction implementations and etc….
49. What is the difference between stress, volume and load testing?
Load Testing gradually increases the load and check the performance of the application and we
check at what point or maximum load application can sustain.
Stress testing: In this testing we check the performance of application under extreme condign
which rarely occurs like.
(1)Many concurrent user access the application for short time.
(2) Extra ordinary long transaction.
(3) Very short transaction reputed quickly.

50. When will do the beta test? When will do the alpha test?
Alpha and Beta tests comes under User acceptance test. We will conduct these two systems
being released. We are giving opportunity to customer to check all punctualities covered or not.
Alpha testing conducting for software application by real customer at development site.
Beta testing conducting for software product by model customer at customer site.

at customer site.

52. How do you select test cases for Regression Testing (The point is when there is change
code how do you come to know which part of code or modules it will affect)?
Consider an example of a form which has a user name, password and Login button.
There is a code change and a new button “Reset” is introduced. Regression testing (for that
build) will include testing only the “Login” button and not the Reset button (testing Reset
button will be a part of conation testing). Hence the Regression tester need not worry about the
change in code, functionality. But he has to make sure that the existing functionality is working
as desired. Testing of “Reset” button will be included as a part of Regression, for the next build

53. Can you explain with example of high severity and low priority, low severity and high
priority, high severity and high priority, low severity and low priority?
1. High severity and high priority - Database connectivity cannot be established by multiple
users (in single device doubt).
2. Low severity and low priority - Small issues like, incorrect number of decimal digits in the
output.
3. Low severity and high priority - Images not updated.
4. High severity and low priority - In a module of say 2 interfaces, the link between them is
broken or is not functioning.
(1)High priority & High Severity: If u clicks on explorer icon or any other icon then system crash.
(2) Low priority & low severity: In login window, spell of ok button is “Ko”.
(3)Low priority & high serverty: In login window, there is a restriction login name should be 8
characters if user enter 9 or than 9 in that case system get crash.
(4)High priority & low severity: Suppose logo of any brand company is not proper in their
product. So it affects their business.
54. What will be the Test case for ATM Machine & Coffee Machine?
Test cases for ATM Machine:-
1. Successful inspection of ATM card
2. Un successful operation due to insert card in wrong angle
3. Un successful operation due to invalid account ex: other bank card or time expired card
4. Successful entry of PIN number
5. Un successful operation due to enter wrong PIN number 3times
6. Successful selection of language
7. Successful selection of account type
8. Un successful operation due to invalid account type
10. Successful selection of withdraw operation
11. Successful selection of amount to be withdraw.
12. Successful withdraw operation
13. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to wrong denominations
14. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to amount is greater than day limit
15. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to lack of money in ATM
16. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to amount is greater than possible balance
17. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to transactions is greater than day limit
18. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to click cancel after insert card
19. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to click cancel after insert card & pin number
20. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to click cancel after insert card, pin number &
language
21. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to click cancel after insert card, pin number, language
&account type
22. Unsuccessful withdraw operation due to click cancel after insert card , pin number ,
language ,account type & withdraw operation
23.unsuccessful withdraw operation due to click cancel after insert card , pin number ,
language ,account type ,withdraw operation &amount to be withdraw

55. Tell me about your daily activities as a test engineer?


Role:
1. Understanding the BRS and Use cases Document.
2. Giving system demo to PM, System analyst, designer, Dev lead.
3. Preparing the Test Actions in xls sheet.
4. Updating the Test Actions based on review comments by System analyst/Business Analyst.
5. Preparing the Test cases and Datasets (System level and global level datasets) in word
document
6. Updating the Test Cases based on review comments by System analyst.
7. Installing the application-Testing environment set up.
8. Performing Functional, GUI, System, Compatibility testing (If necessary), Regression testing
based on Test cases
9. Preparing the defect report, Bug tracking list and sending daily status report to PM, leads.

56. In SDLC process what is the role of PM, TL, DEVELOPER, tester in each and every phase?
Please explain me in detail?
In the SDLC we have these phases
1. Initial phase
2. Analysis phase
3. Designing phase
4. Coding phase
5. Testing
6. Delivery and maintenance

1. PM:-In the initial phase project manager can prepare a document for the requirements.

TL:-Team leader will prepare a team which is having test engineers, developer will provided by
the project manager.

Tester: tester will prepare test cases for that particular project

2. Analysis phase: Here all the members have a meeting to finalize the technology to develop
that project, the employee, time.

3. Designing phase: The project manager like senior level management will give the “guidelines
and directions” to the team members to develop the actual code that will be given in this phase.

4. Coding phase: Developer will develop the actual code using the provided doc, SRS, Guidelines
by PM and TL and they release the application to the tester.

5. Testing phase: they deploy their test cases to that application and prepare a bug profile
document if there is any defect/bug in that application and send it back to developer, developer
may rectify and releases than application as next build and if the bug not understand it will send
to the project lead in the delivery phase the so test engg can deploy the application in the client
environment.

6. Maintenance phase: if the client get any problem with the application it may solved by the
project lead with help of testers and developers

57. How do you Test Application with having any requirement and Document?
If it is an existing system or if a build is available then we explore the system while testing. This
helps knowing the functional use of the system, and its usability.
By asking questions to end users and how they use it will be more beneficial. Also, you may
work with BA to know more about the system.
Black box test is nothing but the same where you explore the system without having any prior
knowledge to the system.

58. What is back end testing using SQL?


Executing SQL statements to check if the data submitted by a GUI program is updated in the
database or not? Executing the statement the data base is connecting to that particular
changes , update or not it will test. Back end testing is the testing the integration between the
application and the database. It is checking the changes made in the database are getting
reflected in the application.
Example: A new column is added in the table. Here we test by giving values in the application
and value has to be stored in the table.

59. What are the reasons why parameterization is necessary when load testing the Web
server and the database server?
When you test your applications, you may want to check how the application performs the
same operations with multiple sets of data.

For example, suppose you want to check how your web site responds to ten (10) separate sets
of data. You could record ten separate tests, each with its own set of data. Alternatively, you can
create Data Table parameters so that your test runs ten times, each time using a different set of
data.

60. Difference between strategic test plan & test plan?


Strategic test is an organizational level term which is applied for all the projects in the
organization with small customizations
Test plan is project level term and which can be applied for that specific project only.
Test plan is a strategic document which describes how to perform testing in an efficient effective
and uptimes way. Quality lead and Test lead can prepare this test plan
Strategic test plan is an already or new test plan which can bow used in the future for another
project also with some changes in the same organization.

61. Draw Backs of automated testing?


DRAW BACKS OF AUTMATION
1. Expensive (if it’s commercial)
2. Lack of experts (even if it’s open source) and
3. We can’t automate all areas.

62. When will u make update and modify the test object properties in the repository?
When ever the developer may change any one of the object properties definitely we have to
change the same in the object repository.
If a new version net build released from the development department we the test engineers
must to modify or update the same is compulsory, otherwise than test will show the bug.
63. What is the document needed to create a test case? How u tell it is test case?
System requirements specification (SRS)
Use case document
Test Plan

64. In customer details form having fields like customer name, customer address. After
completion of this module, client raise the change as insert the two radio buttons after
customer address. How you can check as a tester?
1. First we need to verify whether the radio button is there are not?
2. Confirm the radio buttons are present after the customer address or not.
3. Verify the no of radio button.
4. Verify only one radio button should be checked initially when we open the Customer details
form (if it is mentioned in FS)
5. Verify the functionality of the radio buttons i.e. if we check one ratio button, second radio
button should be unchecked.
6. Verify the spell check of radio button label name.
7. Verify the alignment of radio buttons in the form.

65. At the time of testing web based applications and client server applications, what you
absorbed as a tester?
We generally check for the links, data retrieving and posting.
We perform load and stress testing especially for Web based and Client-Server applications.

66. What are the documents required to prepare test plan?


1. Introduction,
2. Scope,
3. Test team and their responsibilities,
4. Test environment S/W & H/W requirements,
5. Test data preparation,
6. Levels of testing,
7. Severity & priority,
8. Schedule,
9. Risk,
10. Automation Plan,
11. features to test,
Bug life cycle all these are documents of test plan.

67. What is testing policy and testing methodology? And what is the difference?
Testing policy means all types of testing or testing techniques (i.e. functional testing, sanity
testing etc).
Testing methodology means white box and black box testing.

68. What is comparison testing?


Comparison Testing means comparing your software with the better one or you’re Competitor.
While comparison testing we basically compare the performance of the software,
For ex: If you have to do Comparison Testing of PDF converter(Desktop Based Application) then
you will compare your software with your Competitor on the basis of:-

1. Speed of Conversion PDF file into Word.


2. Quality of converted file.
69. What is the general testing process?
Testing Process:-
1. Test requirements analysis
2. Creation of Test Strategy (Which includes creation of Test Case)
3. Creation of Test Plans (Which includes Test Cases and Test Procedures)
4. Execution of test cases
5. Analyze the test results
6. Report the defects if any.

70. What participation a manual tester can do in documentation? Are there any tools
available for only documentation?
Yes, Manual tester will do Sub Test plan documents, as of my knowledge no tool is used to
prepare documentation.

71. What is the difference between low and high level test cases? Give Examples?
High level Test cases are those which covers major functionality in the application (i.e. retrieve,
update, display and cancel functionality related test cases, database test cases)
Low level test cases are those which are related to UI related test cases.

72. Is it mandatory to use USECASES or directly one can write test cases from requirements?
It’s not mandatory to write Use Cases, if the requirements are clear you can go ahead with Test
Cases.
Use Cases are written to know the business flow of the module/application

73. How does u develop test harness?


Test Environment and Test Bed.
Test Environment: S/W and H/W
Test Bed: Test Documents like Test Plan Document, Test Case Document.
Test Environment means:-
• Test Bed installation and configuration
• Network connectivity’s
• All the Software/tools Installation and configuration.
• Coordination with Vendors and others.

74. Given requirement collection doc, tester can prepare which test plan?
Test lead can prepare a test plan which performs testing on an application in an efficient
effective and in an optimized way. Test development will done by the testers using the test Plan
in the test plan they prepare the test strategy.

75. Tester with development knowledge will be more effective .justify?


If tester has experience in Development, it will be useful when testing for logical thinking where
the error occurs, what is the cause? He can guess the functionality of component? He can easily
understand the application environment? Those are plus points which people have
Development experience.
Precisely he can justify that either functionality is wrong or right and can analyze the defects

76.As far as the SDLC is concerned last test case, will it be written for “Maintenance Phase”?
As far as the SDLC is concerned last test case will be written for “Acceptance Testing”

77. What is test scenario and test case? Please explain in detail?
Test Scenario:
Test scenario is like laying out plans for testing the product, environmental condition, number of
team members required, making test plans, making test cases and what all features are to be
tested for the product. Test scenario is very much dependent on the product to be tested.
Test scenario is made before the actual testing starts.
Test Case:
Test case is a document which provides the steps to be executed which has been planned earlier.
It also depends on the type of product to be tested. Number of test cases is
Not fixed for any product.

78. What is the difference between Project Based Testing and Product Based Testing?
Project based is nothing but client requirements. Product based is nothing but market
requirements. Ex.stiching shirt is a project based and ready made shirt is product based.

80. What is testing process in related to Application testing process is the one which tells you
how the application should be tested in order to minimize the bugs in the application?
One main thing no application can be released as bug free application which is impossible.

81. What is the difference b/n Testing Methodology and Testing methods?
Testing Methodology define process, set of rules and principle which are follow by group
concerned with testing the application. Here I explain 7 step testing methodology:
1. Test Requirement Analysis
2. Test Plan
3. Test Design
4. Test execute
5. Defect track
6. Test Automation
7. Test Maintain
Testing methods or we can say that Testing Techniques:
White Box Testing (Unit Testing, Integration Testing)
Black Box Testing (System Testing, Functional Testing, Performance Testing>Load testing>stress
testing>volume testing & Security Testing) UAT (done by user/client with actual/live data)

82. What are starting links to test while website testing?


Web based systems are those using the internet, intranet and extranets Web based testing only
needs be done once for any applications using the web. Web based testing are as follows:
1. Functional correctness
2. Integration
3. Usability
4. Security
5. Performance
6. Verification of code

83. How GUI testing will be done in manual testing for a website?
For any testing there should be some set of standards to be followed. Particularly in GUI testing,
look and feel should be good. We should follow the requirements specification documents for
GUI testing.
There should be some screen shots (given by client) which we should follow as it is.
And for button sizes, font, font size ,colors used, placing of links, objects and the placing of the
objects in the page should be followed some standards. If we take a button in the page that
should be some standard size. If the size of that button is more or less the client feel bad about
that. So we should have minimum common since while testing GUI testing. Some time there
may be some mistakes in the screen shots provided by the client also, but that is our
responsibility to raise those issues.

84. What things should be tested in regression testing?


While doing Regression Testing a tester must check that any new updating or Modification or
Change in Functionality of a Particular Component or Module does not create any disorder and
any negative affects on the functionality of the Application

85. What is the document required to prepare during testing?


Normally Test engineers are responsible for any release of a project. Even the release is for
staging environment or change request release or production release
The minimum documents are
1. Test Plan
2. Test Cases
3. Test Case Report
4. Bug report.
5. Release notes (which contains known issues).
6. Installation document.

86. What is Test data? Where we are using this in testing process?
What is the importance of this data?
To execute test cases we should have test data. This test data should be for positive and
negative testing. for win runner we can get this test data from keyboard, excel sheets or from
data base

87. What is the difference between test case and test script?
Test case is a description what data to be tested and what data to be inserted what are the
actions to be done to check actual result against expected result what are the actual inputs we
will use? What are the expected results? Is called test script
Test Script: Is a short program written in a programming language used to test part of the
functionality of the software system. A written set of steps that should be performed manually
Can also be called a test script; however this is more correctly called a test case.

89. What is the difference between bug, error and defect?


At the time of coding mistake error, when the mistake noticed by the tester defect, tester sends
this defect to development team if the developer agrees then it is bug

90. What is the difference between quality assurance and system testing explains in detail
with an example?
Quality Assurance: It is nothing but building an adequate confidence in the customer that the
developed software is acceding to requirements. Entire SDLC comes under QA. It is process
oriented.
System Testing: It is the process of executing entire system i.e. checking the s/w as well as parts
of system.

91. How do you decide when you have ‘tested enough’?


When the 90% of requirements are covered, Maximum defects are rectified except (some) low
level defects are not covered, customer satisfy that project and time is less, then we are closing
the testing.

92. What is the difference between Build Management and Release Management?
When will conduct build verification and end to end testing?
Build Management is managing the issue fixture tasks in the builds whereas Release
management is managing the functionality to be incorporated in the Release.
Build Verification Test (BVT) is done when the build is first received by the testers. The basic
functionality is checked with valid data. This is done to check whether the build is testable or
not. This is done by testers.
End to End testing is also called system testing. Done by senior test engineers or Test lead.

93. What is boundary value analysis (BVA)? What is the use of it?
Boundary value analysis is a technique for test data selection. Test engineer chooses the values
that lie along the data extreams.It includes max, minimum, just inside, just out side, typical
values and error values.
Boundary Value Analysis is a technique used for writing the test cases. For example: If a
particular field accepts the
Values from 1 to 1000, then we test that field by entering only 1, 1000, 0, 1001, 999, 2.
I.e. we check on the boundaries and then
Minimum-1, minimum +1 and maximum+1, maximum-1.

94. What is equivalence class partition(ECP)? What is the use of it?


Aquaplane nothing but select the valid and valid class’s example as per client requirement the
edit box access only
3-5 capital alphabets then we divided in esp. like valid values only A-Z invalid values are a-z and
special characters like ^,8<%
95. If there is no sufficient time for testing & u have to complete the testing, then what will u
do?
When I have less time to test the Product then I will take these following steps—
1) Sanity or smoke testing
2) Usability Testing
3) Formal Functionality and GUI Testing
4) Walk through with the Product

96. What is meaning by prototype in SDLC?


This is a cyclic version of the linear model. In this model, once the requirement analysis is done
and the design for a prototype is made, the development process gets started. Once the
prototype is created, it is given to the customer for evaluation. The customer tests the package
and gives his/her feed back to the developer who refines the product according to the
customer’s exact expectation. After a finite number of iterations, the final software package is
Given to the customer. In this methodology, the software is devolved as a result of periodic
shuttling of information between the customer and developer. This is the most popular
development model in the contemporary IT industry. Most of the successful software products
have been developed using this model - as it is very difficult (even for a whiz kid!)
To comprehend all the requirements of a customer in one shot. There are many variations of
this model skewed with respect to the project management styles of the companies.
New versions of a software product evolve as a result of prototyping.

97. What is difference between desktop and web application?


The biggest d/f b/w Desktop and web application is- Desktop App (DA) is the machine
independent, hence every change has only reflects at the machine level. Where as Web App
(WA) is the Internet dependent program, hence any change in the program reflects at every
where, where it becomes use. EX: Suppose there are 5 machines in DA, 5 times installed
individually at every machine and if there is any change made in DA then at every machine
change has to be made. In WA where the program or Application at the Server or at the one
common machine, then if changes made at only central or server or common machine all the
changes get reflected at
Every client machine.

98. Difference between application testing and product testing?


Product testing means when any company does testing for their own (company’s) product ex…
Norton Antivirus is the Symantec’s product; if Symantec test the Norton i.e. called
As the Product testing. Where as if any company take some projects from some other
Companies like ABC Company takes projects from IBM and test that project on some charges i.e.
called as Application Testing.

99. What is a broken link in web testing and how test it?
When we clicked on Hyper link if it opens Page can’t be displayed then that Hyper link is called
as broken link.
100: What is CMM level? I need the answer in detail.
The Capability Maturity Model for Software describes the principles and practices underlying
software process maturity and is intended to help software organizations improve the maturity
of their software processes in terms of an evolutionary path from ad hoc chaotic processes to
mature disciplined software processes. The CMM is organized into five maturity levels

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- Created by Shammi Jha

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