1/16/2021 Orbital Velocity Formula - Solved Example with Equations

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Orbital Velocity Formula

Orbital velocity is the velocity at which a body revolves around the other body. Objects that
travel in the uniform circular motion around the Earth are called to be in orbit. The velocity
of this orbit depends on the distance between the object and the centre of the earth.
This velocity is usually given to the arti cial satellites so that it revolves around any
particular planet.
The orbital velocity formula is given by,

It is given by
Where,
G = gravitational constant,
M = mass of the body at centre,
R = radius of the orbit.
Orbital Velocity Formula is applied to calculate the orbital velocity of any planet if mass M
and radius R are known.
Orbital Velocity is expressed in meter per second (m/s).
Question 1:
Calculate the orbital velocity of the earth so that the satellite revolves around the earth if
the radius of earth R = 6.5 × 106 m, the mass of earth M = 5.9722×1024 kg and Gravitational
constant G = 6.67408 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2
Solution:
Given:
R = 6.5 × 106 m
M = 5.9722×1024 kg

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1/16/2021 Orbital Velocity Formula - Solved Example with Equations
-11 3 -1 -2
G = 6.67408 × 10  m  kg  s
The Orbital velocity formula is given by
Vorbit = √GM / R
       = √6.67408 × 10-11 ×5.9722×1024 / 6.5 × 106
       = √36.68 x 1013/ 6.5 x 106
       = 7.5 x 109km/s
Example 2:
A satellite launch is made for the study of Jupiter. Determine its velocity so that its orbit
around the Jupiter.
Given: Radius of Jupiter R = 70.5 × 106 m,
      Mass of Jupiter M = 1.5 × 1027 Kg,
      Gravitational constant G = 6.67408 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2
Solution:
When the given parameters are substituted in the orbital velocity formula, we get
Vorbit = √GM / R
    = √6.67408 × 10-11 × 1.5 × 1027   / 70.5×106
    = √10.0095 x 1016  / 70.5 x 106
    = √0.141 x 1010
     = 3.754 x  104m/s.
 

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tevita JULY 30, 2019 AT 7:31 AM (HTTPS://BYJUS.COM/ORBITAL-VELOCITY-FORMULA/#COMMENT-15946)

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