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Stec - SHS: Lecture Notes

Individual, group, and community counseling are discussed. Individual counseling involves one-on-one sessions to explore feelings and behaviors. Group counseling helps people share relationship experiences. Community counseling offers various services in health centers. Methods like psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanism are covered. Tools include psychoanalytic, Adlerian, existential, person-centered, gestalt, transactional analysis, behavior, rational-emotive, and reality therapies. Careers involve educational, vocational, marriage and family, addiction, mental health, rehabilitation, and genetics counseling.

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Jalen Rose Saldua
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67 views

Stec - SHS: Lecture Notes

Individual, group, and community counseling are discussed. Individual counseling involves one-on-one sessions to explore feelings and behaviors. Group counseling helps people share relationship experiences. Community counseling offers various services in health centers. Methods like psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanism are covered. Tools include psychoanalytic, Adlerian, existential, person-centered, gestalt, transactional analysis, behavior, rational-emotive, and reality therapies. Careers involve educational, vocational, marriage and family, addiction, mental health, rehabilitation, and genetics counseling.

Uploaded by

Jalen Rose Saldua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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STEC - SHS LECTURE NOTES

DATE: STRAND:HUMSS
TIME: SECTION: LAW
TOPIC:

CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES


 Individual Counseling - this is the process of a client interacting
one-on-one with a trained therapist in a safe, caring and confidential
environment to explore their feelings, beliefs and behaviors
 Groups/Organizations Counseling - this type of clientele is especially
helpful for people who have concerns about their relationships whereby
members share their experiences about relationships (life and work)
 Community Counseling - this takes a wide variety of forms with a large
number of community services offered on location or on existing health
centers where people in the community needs counseling

Methods in Counseling
Psychoanalysis (Sigmund Freud)
*it encompasses therapeutic models that utilize dreams, fantasies,
associations & the expression of thoughts both verbally & physically
Behaviorism (Burrhus Frederic Skinner)
* psychological disorders are a result of maladaptive learning that all
behavior is learnt from our environment & symptoms are acquired through:
**classical conditioning (learning by association )
**operant conditioning (rewards & punishment)
Humanistic Perspective (Carl Rogers)
*attempts to understand the conscious mind, free will, human dignity & the
capacity for self-reflection and growth through self-empowerment by
recognizing strengths, reactivity & choice in the given circumstances
COUNSELING TOOLS
Psychoanalytic Therapy - developed by Sigmund Freud
* unconscious energy and experiences drive people's behavior in the form
of unconscious motives and conflicts
Goal: to help a client become conscious of this energy and early
experiences & thereby become empowered and harness both positively
Adlerian Therapy - developed by Alfred Adler
* the first six years of life influence an individual thus humans are
motivated
primarily by social urges
Goal: to help a client interprets his/her past and its continuing
influence on him/her
Existential Therapy - developed by Viktor Frankl, Abraham Maslow & Rollo
May
* focuses on the human capacity to define & shape his/her own life, give
meaning to personal circumstance through reflection, self-awareness &
decision-making
Goal: to help a client realize that we have a responsibility to live & to
see in life what we chose to
Person-centered Therapy - developed by Carl Rogers
* people get, share or surrender power & control over themselves and
others
and so empowerment depended on the SELF
Goal: to help a client undergo self-discovery
Gestalt Therapy - developed by Frederick S. Perls
* people must find their own way in life and accept personal
responsibility
for maturity; develop an awareness of the unfinished past , traumatic
experiences
and their road to recovery
Goal: to help a client undergo the process of “letting go “
Transactional Analysis - developed by Eric Berne
* it gives emphasis on decisions and contracts that must be made by the
client
Goal: to help a client view the potentials for CHOICE, DIRECTIONS & GOALS
Behavior Therapy - developed by Arnold Lazarus, Albert Bandura, B.F.
Skinner
* it focuses on the overt behavior, precision in specifying the goals of
treatment & the development of specific treatment plans
Goal: to help a client improve his/her behavior

Rational-emotive Therapy - developed by Albert Ellis


* based on the assumption that human beings are born with a potential for
both rational or straight thinking; irrational or crooked thinking
Goal: to help a client accept themselves as people who would continue to
make
mistakes yet at the same time learn to live with themselves & be at peace
with
Themselves
Reality Therapy - developed by William Glasser
* it focuses on the client's strength in choosing their behavior & that
they become responsible for what they do and how they think & feel
Goal: to encourage a client to assess the current style of living then
leave
them to employ a process of honest self-examination, leading to
improvement of one's quality of life

What career paths can I take in Counseling?


Counselors may work as individual professional or as member of a team in
agencies and departments that deals with people and interactions of
people.Listed below are career opportunities for Counselors:
Educational and School Counselors
Vocational or Career Counselors
Marriage and Family Counselors
Addiction and Behavioral Counselors
Mental health Counselors
Rehabilitation Counselors
Genetics Counselors

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