Unit 2.

URBANISATION
Ex1. Mark the letter to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation.
1. A. none B. phone C. stone D. zone
2. A. life B. like C. live D. lively
3. A. beard B. hear C. rear D. swear
4. A. ancient B. educate C. stranger D. transfer
5. A. account B. astound C. country D. mounting
Ex 2. Mark the letter to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress.
6. A. emigrate B. immigrate C. advocate D. inhabit
7. A. confide B. comfort C. inflate D. severe
8. A. biology B. environment C. geography D. scientific
9. A. estimate B. prestigious C. proportion D. urbanity
10. A. drawback B. greenhouse C. mindset D. overload
Exercise 3. Mark the letter to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s).
11. She's a down-to-earth woman with no pretensions.
A. ambitious B. creative C. idealistic D. practical
12. It is crucial that urban people not look down on rural areas.
A. evil B. optional C. unnecessary D. vital
13. Polish artist Pawel Kuzinsky creates satirical paintings filled with thought-provoking messages about the world.
A. inspirational B. provocative C . stimulating D. universal
14. She was brought up in the slums of Leeds.
A. downtown area B. industrial area C. poor area D. rural area
15. The Freephone 24 Hour National Domestic Violence Helpline is a national service for women experiencing domestic
violence, their family, friends, colleagues and others calling on their behalf.
A. in the same country B. in the same family
C. in the same office D. in the same school
16. The promise of jobs and prosperity pulls people to cities.
A. education B. employment C. stabilization D. wealth
17. With so many daily design resources, how do you stay up-to-date with technology without spending too much time on
it?
A. connect to Internet all day B. update new status
C. get latest information D. use social network daily
18. Online Business School also offers interest free student loans to UK students.
A. no extra fee B. no limited time C. no repayment D. no interest payments
19. Many illnesses in refugee camps are the result of inadequate sanitation.
A. cleanliness B. dirtiness C. pollution D. uncleanliness
20. There has been a hot debate among the scientists relating to the pros and cons of using robotic probes to study
distant objects in space.
A. problems and solutions B. advantages and disadvantages
C. solutions and limitations D. causes and effects
21. Her style of dress was conservative. She never wears items that are too tight, short or low-cut.
A. high-fashion B. traditional C. trendy D. up to date
22. Many of the immigrants have intermarried with the island's original inhabitants.
A. foreigners B. landlord C. newcomer D. dwellers
Exercise 8. Read the following passage and mark the letter that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Rapid urbanization can (106) ____ long-term economic, social and environmental promise for developing
countries (107) ____ investments made now in infrastructure, housing and public services are efficient and sustainable,
the World Bank says in a new report.
In the next two decades, cities are (108) ____ to expand by another two billion residents, as people move in
unprecedented (109) ____ from rural areas to pursue hopes and aspirations in cities. More than 90 (110) ____ of this
urban population growth is expected to occur in the developing world, (111) ____ many cities are already struggling to
provide basic (112) ____ such as water, electricity, transport, health services and education.
Report authors note that (113) ____ new urban growth will not take (114) ____ in the “megacities” of the world
e.g. Rio de Janeiro, Jakarta or New Delhi (115) ____ rather in less commonly recognized “secondary” cities - places like
Fushun in China, and Surat in India.
To help policymakers prepare for and manage growth, the report distills lessons (116) ____ from 12 countries
across all geographic regions and stages of urbanization. It then translates these global lessons (117) ____ practical
policy advice.
106. A. bring B. carry C. hold D. take
107. A. if B. unless C. whether D. while
108. A. predictable B. predicted C. predicting D. predictions
109. A. amounts B. numbers C. ranges D. sums
110. A. per cent B. percentage C. proportion D. rate
111. A. what B. where C. which D. why
112. A. demands B. needs C. orders D. uses
113. A. almost B. most C. mostly D. nearly
114. A. form B. hand C. place D. time
115. A. but B. nor C. or D. yet
116. A. are learned B. being learned C. learned D. learning