Regime changes:
Tunisian revolution
This Civil Resistance was also called the Jasmine Revolution. Jasmine is the national flower of
Tunisia. This Revolution was intensive 28 day campaign which included street protests and
demonstrations which led to the sacking of a long time dictatorship of Zine El Abidine Bin Ali in
January of 2011. Factors behind the Jasmine revolution were high unemployment,
food inflation, corruption, a lack of political freedoms such as freedom of speech and poor living
conditions.
Root cause of jasmine revolution
The major uprising began after the self immolation of the street vendor Mohamed Bouazizi on
17 December 2010 for letting him to work by custom officials. Which sparked the already
frustrated Tunisian patience, people from all walks of life participated and protested against the
dictatorship especially the local labor unions and the student unions were obvious in the streets
to the facebook accounts. Bouazizi officially resigned on 14 January 2011 and fled to Saudi
Arabia, ending his 23 years in power. People out of Tunisia were greatly impressed by this
movement and its success that they continued the legacy and converted it into a chain reaction
today knows as the Arab Spring.
Outcomes
Jasmine Resolution resulted in not just the overthrowing of a dictatorship but it set a new trend in
Arab politics as well. The results were positive overall if we focus on the resignation of the Ben
Ali and the Prime Minister Ghannouchi. Dissolution of the ruling political party, Political
prisoners were released and elections of constituent assembly held in Tunisia after decades
dictatorship. But unfortunately on the price, 338 deaths and 2,147 injuries were occurred.
Egypt revolution
Also known as the January 25 Revolution (Arabic: يناير25 ;ثورة Thawrah 25 yanāyir), started
on 25 January 2011. This was actually the annual Egyptian "Police holiday" and Egyptians chose
this date because they wanted to protest against the police brutality during the last few years of
Mubarak's presidency.
The civil disobedience, strikes, street demonstrations resulted in the self immolations and deaths
of 1,146 people while 6,467 were injured and 12,000 were arrested.
Outcomes
Hosni Mubarak government was dissolved. Nazif and Shafik Resigned from the prime minister
office. Constitution was suspended. Morsi was sentenced to death after the civil resistance
against his presidency.
Libyan civil war
Against authoritarian dictator Colonel Muhammad Gaddafi Libyan civil war began on 15 Feb.
2011 which includes civil resistance. By 15 March, however, Gaddafi's forces had retaken more
than half a dozen lost cities. Except for most of Cyrenaica and a few Tripolitania cities (such
as Misrata) the majority of cities had returned to Gaddafi government control.
Outcomes
Since Gaddafi’s downfall, Libya has remained in a state of civil war, two opposing governments
rule separate places of the country. Libya’s civilian population has suffered significantly during
the years of political upheaval, with violence in the streets and access to food, resources and
healthcare services severely short. Death toll was between 9,400–20,000.
