Exam practice

Exam practice: chapters 1 – 6

1 P2: A study was conducted to determine if there was any correlation between a person’s
age  x  and their reaction time T  . A number of people were tested, and the
mean reaction time calculated for each age is shown in the table below.

Age x (to the

10 20 30 40 60 70 80
nearest 10 years)

Mean reaction
0.125 0.148 0.166 0.221 0.231 0.270 0.341
time (T seconds)

a Find Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient  r  for this data. (2)

b Use your result from part a to describe the strength of the correlation
between x and T. (1)

c Find the equation of the regression line of T on x . (2)

d Using the above data, determine an estimate for the reaction time of
a 50 -year-old. (2)

e Explain why would it be unwise to use your answer to part c to determine the
reaction time of a 90-year-old. (1)

2 P1: Without expanding any brackets, find the derivative of the following functions.

a  
f  x   3x2  1 1  2x  (3)

 
2
b g  x   x 2  3x (2)

4x  1
c h x  (3)
2x

3 P1: Consider the function f (x)  kx  x  6  , where k  0 .

2

a Find an expression for f 2 in terms of k . (2)

b Find an expression for f   x  in terms of k . (3)

c Hence show that the graph of the function f has a local maximum at x  2 . (2)

Given that f 3  54 ,

d (i) Find the value of k

(ii) Write down the coordinates of the local maximum of f . (3)

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e Sketch the graph of the function f for 0  x  7 . (2)

Let T be the tangent to the graph of the function f at x  3 .

f Find the gradient of T . (2)

The line L passes through the point (2, 10) and is perpendicular to T.

g Find an equation for L in the form ax  by  c  0, a, b, c  . (3)

4 P1: Let h  f g for functions f and g, where f 3  5 , f  3  2 ,

g 2  3 and g 2  4 .

a Show that h is decreasing at x  2 . (3)

b Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of h at x  2 . (3)

2kx
5 P2: Consider the family of rational functions defined by rk  x   , k  0.
xk

a Find an expression for the inverse of rk . (4)

The horizontal asymptote of the graph of rk  x  is y  4 .

b Find the value of k . (2)

c For the value of k found in part b, state the domain of the inverse of rk . (1)

5  8x 3
6 P1: Consider the function f  x   x   , x .
4x  3 4

a Write down the equations of the two asymptotes on the graph of y  f  x  . (2)

b State the range of f . (1)

ax  b
c Find an expression for  f f   x  , giving your answer in the form  f f  x  .
cx  d
State also the domain of  f f  x . (5)

7 P1: A population of ferrets has mean age 5.25 years and standard deviation 1.2 years.

a Find the mean age of the same ferrets 3 years later. (2)

b Find the standard deviation of the same ferrets 2 years later. (2)

8 P2: The following raw data is a list the height of flowers (in cm) in Eve’s garden:

26.5, 53.2, 27.5, 33.6, 44.6, 39.5, 24.9, 45.1, 47.8, 39.3, 33.1, 38.7, 44.1, 22.3,
44.1, 30.5, 25.5, 35.9, 37.1, 40.2, 23.3, 36.2, 34.8, 37.3

a Copy and complete the following grouped frequency table:

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 Exam practice

height, (x cm) frequency

20 ≤ 𝑥 < 25

25 ≤ 𝑥 < 30

30 ≤ 𝑥 < 35

35 ≤ 𝑥 < 40

40 ≤ 𝑥 < 45

45 ≤ 𝑥 < 50

50 ≤ 𝑥 < 55

(3)

b Find an estimate for the mean height, using the frequency table (2)

c Find an estimate for the variance, using the frequency table (2)
d Find an estimate for the standard deviation, using the frequency table (2)
e Eve’s neighbour’s garden was also surveyed. It was found that the flowers
in the neighbour’s garden had a mean height of 32.1 cm and
standard deviation 7.83 cm. Compare the heights of the flowers in
both gardens, drawing specific conclusions. (3)

x2
9 P2: Consider the function defined by f  x   ,x  3 1 .
2x 3  1 2

a Find an expression for f   x  . (3)

b Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y  f  x 

at the point where x  1 . (4)

c Find the coordinates of the points on the curve y  f  x 

where the gradient is zero. (6)

d Without the use of technology, determine the range of values of x for which
f  x  is an increasing function.
To gain full marks, you must show all your working. (4)

10 P2: The first four terms of an arithmetic sequence are 80, 99, 118, 137.

a Find the 30th term in the sequence. (3)

b Find the sum to 13 terms. (2)

c Find the least number of terms required so that the sum exceeds 50 000.
To gain full marks, you must show all of your working. (5)

3  7x
11 P2: Let f (x)  be a rational function.
(2  3x)(3  5x)

a Express the above function in partial fractions. (5)

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b Find the Binomial expansion of the above function up to and including the x 3 term.

(4)

1
12 P1: Given that f (x)  ,
x2  1

a Find f  , the first derivative of f . (2)

b Prove that (x2  1)f (x)  2xf (x)  0 . (3)

x2  3
13 P2: Consider the function f (x)  .
x 2

a Justify that the function f has no zeros. (1)

b Explain why the vertical asymptote of the curve of f is x  2 . (1)

c Find the x - coordinates of the maximum and minimum of the curve of f . (7)

d Find the interval(s) where the curve of f is increasing. (2)

e Find the interval(s) where f is concave. (3)

14 P2: Two towers, A and B, are on opposite banks of a river. An observer O stands
on the same bank as tower A. AOB is a triangle. The distance AO is 300 metres,
the angle BAO is 63 , and the angle BOA is 56 . Find the distance between
the two towers A and B to the nearest metre. (3)

15 P1: By applying the cosine rule, prove that in any triangle ABC the following identity
cos( A) cos(B) cos(C ) a2  b2  c 2
holds:    , where A, B, C are the angles
a b c 2abc
of the triangle and a, b, c are the corresponding sides. You should clearly show
all your working and state any formulae you use. (5)

16 P1: a The volume of a spherical balloon increases at a constant rate of  cm3 per second .

Work out the rate at which the radius of the spherical balloon is increasing at
the instant when the radius is 10cm . (4)

b Work out the equation of the normal to the curve with implicit equation
3xy 2  3y  2  0 at the point where the y = –1. (8)

17 P1: a Write down definitions for both an even function and an odd function. (2)

7x  5
Consider the function f (x)  .
x 3

b Determine, with a justification, whether f is odd, even, or neither. (2)

c Determine, with a justification, whether f has an inverse function. If it does, find f 1 .

(4)

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d Verify that f    
f 1 (x)  x  f 1 f (x) , for every x in the domain of the f . (5)

2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, 𝑥 ≤ 3
18 P1: a Given the function 𝑓(𝑥) = { , find a, b such that lim f (x)  10 . (4)
𝑎𝑥 + 3𝑏, 𝑥 > 3 x 3

b State, with a reason, whether f is a continuous function. (2)

19 P1: Prove by induction that A  n  72n  16n  1 is a multiple of 64 for all n  . (9)

20 P3: a Calculate the value of i 2018 . (2)

2z *  3w*  5
b Find z, w  such that . (7)
z  iw  i

c Find the values of   such that the system of simultaneous equations

2x   y    2
has
 x  2y  4  8

i a unique solution, and find this solution

ii infinitely many solutions

iii no solutions. (12)

d Consider the equation (x  1)(ax  2)  3(x  2)(x  a)  1 for a  .

i Show that the above equation is equivalent to x2(a  3)  x(2a  4)  6a  3  0 .

(3)

ii Given that this equation has one repeated root, find the possible values
of the parameter a  . (5)

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Answers

1 a Use of GDC to give M1

r  0.9675 A1

b This is a strong positive correlation. R1

C Use of GDC to give M1

T  0.00277x  0.0919 A1

d T  0.00277  50  0.0919 M1

 0.230 seconds A1

e 90 years lies outside the range of data we are given, which would therefore
involve extrapolation of data. R1

2 a   
f   x   3x2  1  1  2x   3x2  1 1  2x   M1


f   x   6x 1  2x   2 3x2  1  A1

f   x   18x2  6x  2 A1

b g  x   2 2x  3 x2  3x  M1A1

c h'x 
 4x  1 2  x    4x  1 2  x  M1
2  x 
2

4 2  x    4x  1
h'x  A1
2  x 
2

7
h'x  A1
2  x 
2

f 2  2k 2  6   32k
2
3 a M1A1

f (x)  k  x  6  2kx  x  6 
2
b M1A1

f   x   k  x  6 3x  6 A1

c f  2  0 A1

 
f  2  0 and f  2  0   (or considers second derivative) R1

f has a local maximum at x  2 AG

3k 3  6   54  k  2
2
d i M1A1

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 Exam practice

ii (2, 64) A1

Correct zeros A1

Correct shape with one maximum at x  2 A1

f f  3  2 3  63  3  6 M1

f  3  18
A1

1
g y  10 
18
 x  2 M1A1

x  18y  178  0 A1

4 a 
h 2  f  g 2 g 2  M1

 f  3  4  8 A1

0 R1

h is decreasing at x  2 . AG

b  
h 2  f g 2  f 3  5 A1

y  5  8  x  2 M1

y  8x  21 A1

2ky
5 a x  M1
y k

kx
xy  kx  2ky  y  M1A1
x  2k

kx
rk 1  x   A1
x  2k

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 Exam practice

b lim rk  x   4  2k  4 M1
x 

k 2 A1

c x4 A1

3
6 a x  A1
4

y  2 A1

b Range is f  x   2 ,  f  x    A1

 5  8x 
5  8 
 4x  3 
c f f  x 
 5  8x 
M1A1
4 3
 4x  3 

5  4x  3  8 5  8x 
 A1
4 5  8x   3  4x  3

20x  15  40  64x

20  32x  12x  9

84x  25
 A1
29  20x

29
x 
20
, x   A1

7 a 5.25  3  8.25 years M1A1

b 1.2 years M1A1

8 a

height, (x cm) frequency

20 ≤ 𝑥 < 25 4

25 ≤ 𝑥 < 30 2

30 ≤ 𝑥 < 35 4

35 ≤ 𝑥 < 40 7

40 ≤ 𝑥 < 45 4

45 ≤ 𝑥 < 50 2

50 ≤ 𝑥 < 55 1

M1A1A1

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 Exam practice

b Using GDC, mean height  35.6 cm M1A1

c Using GDC, variance  68.3 cm2 M1A1

d Using GDC, SD  8.27 cm M1A1

e On average, the neighbour’s garden’s flowers had a slightly lower height

compared to Eve’s. R1
The neighbour’s flowers also had a smaller standard deviation, indicating they were
grown to a more consistent length. R1R1

9 a Attempt to use quotient rule M1

f  x 

2x 2x 3  1  x 2 6 x 2     2x 4
 2x
A1A1
2 x  2 x 
2 2
3 3
1 1

b At x  1 , y  1 A1

4
f  1   4 A1
1

Equation is y  1  4  x  1 M1A1

Or y  5  4x

c Setting f   x   0 M1

2x 4  2x
0
2 x 
2
3
1

2x 4  2x  0 M1

2x 4  2x  0


2x x 3  1  0  M1

So x  0 or x  1 A1

Coordinates are  0,0 and  1,  13  A1A1

d Setting f   x   0 M1

2x 4  2x  0

2x 4  2x  0


2x x 3  1  0 
Critical values are x  1, x  0 A1

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 Exam practice

(or similar method to consider sign of f  x  either side of critical values, or use of
second derivative M1

So solution is 1  x  0 A1

10 a u30  u1   n  1 d M1

 80  29  19
A1

 631 A1

n
b S13  2u1   n  1 d  M1
2

13
 160  12  19
2 

 2522 A1

c Require Sn  50000

n
Consider 160  19  n  1  50 000 M1
2

19n2  141n  100000  0 A1

Valid attempt to solve three term quadratic M1

141  2760.4
n
38

141  2760.4
n  0 , so n   68.9 A1
38

So require 69 terms. A1

3  7x A B
11   M1
(2  3x)(3  5x) 2  3x 3  5x

3 A  2B  3
Obtain the simultaneous equations: A1
5 A  3B  7

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 Exam practice

A5
Solve to give A2
B  6

3  7x 5 6
  A1
(2  3x)(3  5x) 2  3x 3  5x

5 3 6 5
(1  x)1  (1  x)1 M1
2 2 3 3

5 3 5 15 45 2 135 3
Expand first bracket: (1  x)1   x x  x M1
2 2 2 4 8 16

6 5 10 50 2 250 3
Expand second bracket:  (1  x)1  2  x x  x M1
3 3 3 9 3

1 5 5 2 3595 3
 x x  x A1
2 12 72 48

uv  uv 
12 a Proper use of quotient rule: M1
v2

2x
f (x)  A1
(x 2  1)2

2x(x 2  1) 2x
b (x 2  1)f (x)  2xf (x)   2 M1A1
(x 2  1)2 x 1 
2x 3  2x  2x 3  2x
 A1
x 
2
2
1

=0 AG

13 a x2  3  0 as x2  0 for all x , R1

so f  x  has no zeroes AG

b f  x  is not defined at x  2 as this would give denominator equal to 0 R1

Hence there is a vertical asymptote at so f  x  . AG

c f (x) 

2x  x  2  x 2  3 x 2
 4x  3
M1A1
 x  2
2
(x  2)2

f (x)  0  x  2  7 or x  2  7 A1

14
f (x)  M1A1
(x  2)3

x  2  7 is minimum as f (2  7) is positive R1

x  2  7 is maximum as f (2  7) is negative R1

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 Exam practice

(or alternatively, consideration of the signs of f (x) either side of the turning points)

d Attempt to solve the inequality x2  4x  3  0 M1

x  2  7 or x  2  7 A1

14
e Attempt to solve the inequality 0 R1
(x  2)3

Equivalent to (x  2)3  0 M1

x 2 A1

14 Angle ABO is 61 , angles on a triangle add up to 180 R1

AB 300
Attempt to apply the Sine Rule:  M1
sin(56) sin(61)

AB  284 metres A1

15 Attempt to write the three formulae of the Cosine Rule: a2  b2  c2  2bc cos(A)

b2  a2  c2  2ac cos(B)

c2  a2  b2  2ab cos(C ) M1

Attempt to make cos the subject in the expressions:

a2  b2  c 2
cos( A) 
2bc

b2  a2  c 2
cos(B) 
2ac

c 2  a2  b2
cos(C )  A1
2ab

a2  b2  c2 b2  a2  c 2 c2  a2  b2
Substitute in the LHS:   M1
2bc 2ac 2ab

Add the fractions M1

a2  b2  c 2
RHS = A1
2abc

4 3
16 a Write volume of sphere as V  r
3

dV dr
 4 r 2 M1A1
dt dt

dV dr
     4 r 2 M1
dt dt

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 Exam practice

dr 1 1
 2
 cm per second A1
dt r 10 4  10 400

dy dy
b Differentiate implicitly: 3y 2  6 xy 3 0 M1A1
dx dx

dy dy y 2
Make the subject:  M1A1
dx dx 1  2xy

5
y  1  x  A1
3

5  dy 3
Gradient of tangent at  , 1  is  A1
3  dx 7

5  7
gradient of the normal at  , 1  is A1
3  3

7 5
normal is the line y  1  (x  ) A1
3 3

17 a Odd: f (x)  f (x) A1

Even: f (x)  f (x) A1

7x  5 7x  5
b f ( x)   f (x), and f ( x)   f (x) R1
x  3 x  3

The function is neither even, nor odd. A1

c f is a one-to-one function, so it has an inverse. R1A1

7x  5
y  , make y the subject M1
x 3

3x  5
f 1(x)  A1
x 7

 3x  5 
7 5
x  7 
d f f 1  (x)  
 3x  5 
M1
 x 7 3
 

21x  35  5x  35 26 x
  M1A1
3x  5  3x  21 26

=x AG

 7x  5 
3 5
x  3 
Similarly, f 1  
f (x)  
 7x  5 
 x 3 7
 

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 Exam practice

21x  15  5x  15 26x
  M1A1
7x  5  7x  21 26

=x AG

18 a For the limit lim f (x) to exist, we must have lim f (x)  lim f (x)  10 . R1
x 3 x 3 x 3

lim f (x)  lim(2ax  b)  6a  b  10 M1A1

x 3 
x 3

lim f (x)  lim( ax  3b)  3a  3b  10 A1

x 3 
x 3

6a  b  10
Attempt to solve the simultaneous equations: M1
3a  3b  10

4
a ,b  2 A1
3

b Need to check whether f is continuous at x  3

Since f  x  is defined at x  3 and lim f (x) exists by part a, for f to be continuous

x 3

we must have lim f (x)  f 3 . R1

x 3

4
f (3)  2   3  2  10  lim f (x) M1A1
3 x 3

So f is a continuous function. A1

19 When n  1 , A 1  72  16  1  64 so result holds. M1A1

Assume that A  k   72k  16k  1 is a multiple of 64, i.e. that 64a  72k  16k  1
for some a  M1

Then 72k  64a  1  16k A1

Now attempt to prove true for A  k  1 M1

A  k  1  72k 2  16(k  1)  1 M1

 49  72k  16k  16  1

 49 64a  1  16k   16k  15 A1

= 64  49a  1  12k  which is a multiple of 64 A1R1

The result was true for n  1 and, when assumed true for n  k , it has been proved
true for n  k  1 . Therefore, byu mathematical induction, the result is true for all n.

20 a (i 2 )1009 M1

-1 A1

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 Exam practice

z  a  ib 2z *  3w*  5
b Let . Attempt to substitute into the system . M1
w  c  id z  iw  i

2a  3c  5
2b  3d  0
Equating real parts and imaginary parts gives the system of equations:
ad 0
bc 1
M1A1

16
Solve the simultaneous equations and obtain: a  A1
13

24
b A1
13

11
c  A1
13

16
d  A1
13

16 24
z  i
13 13

11 16
w i
13 13

  2  y
c Make x the subject: x  (ǂ) M1A1
2

  2  y
Substitute: ( )  2y  4  8 M1
2

 2  10  16
Make y the subject: y  Μ1A1
4  2

8  4
Substitute into (ǂ) to find x: x  Μ1A1
(2   )2

i This has a unique solution when   2 R1

8  4  2  10  16
Then the solution is x  , y 
(2   )2 4  2

2x  2y  0
ii For   2 , the system becomes A1
2x  2y  0

Which has infinitely many solutions. R1

2x  2y  4
iii For   2 , the system becomes A1
2x  2y  16

Which has no solutions. R1

d i Multiplying out gives ax2  ax  2x  2  3x2  2x  ax  2a  1 M1A1

© Oxford University Press 2019 15
 Exam practice

Factorising gives x2(a  3)  x(2a  4)  6a  3  0 M1AG

ii This is a quadratic in x, so consider discriminant M1

D  (2a  4)2  4(a  3)(6a  3)  5a2  17a  5 A1

Set discriminant as zero: 5a2  17a  5  0 M1

17  3 21
a A1
10

17  3 21
a A1
10

© Oxford University Press 2019 16