==================

CEDRIC VERSION 2.1

By M.J.RANDALL
==================

INTRODUCTION

CEDRIC is a screen-oriented text editor specifically

designed for software development, rather than
word-processing. That is not to say however that CEDRIC
cannot be used to prepare text - this manual was written
using CEDRIC together with the text processor JUST. CEDRIC
runs under the FLEX operating system on a 6809-based
micro-computer. The user may verify for himself that the
design goals of speed and flexibility have been met.

Speed has been achieved in three ways. The program has been
written in assembly language - it occupies only 23 sectors
on disc so it loads quickly. Text is kept memory resident
and is efficiently stored - for example the editor source
program (35 pages of well-documented code, taking 112
sectors on disc) leaves 14400 bytes free in the text when
memory to $BFFF is available; the text buffer holds about
165 sectors altogether. Once an editing operation (most
require only a single keystroke) is complete internally,
the screen "repainting" is aborted if another operation is
pending; thus avoiding continual "repainting" delays.

Flexibility is achieved through the comprehensive selection

of single-keystroke editing operations and the menu
commands; together with a configuration overlay feature
that allows the program to be easily configured to the
particular terminal.

CEDRIC is a single-mode editor. Printable ASCII characters

entered from the keyboard are inserted in the text at the
cursor position. Certain control or "meta" characters
defined at configuration cause appropriate editing
operations to occur. Text can at any time be inserted at
the cursor position from selected disc files. Part or all
of the text can be saved to disc with a freely selected
file name. Part,of the text may be "cut" and is stored in a
"paste buffer" from where it can be re-inserted at any
place (or even several places). Search target and
replacement words can be defined (a "word" being any
printable string not including a space).
The text is to be seen displayed as through a window whose
width and length is determined on configuration. The width
is (at most) the number of characters displayable per line,
while the length is (at most) one less than the number of
lines displayable on the terminal. The bottom line is
reserved for certain status information:- (i) A decimal
count of the free space available in the text buffer. (ii)
The current search target word. (iii) The current
replacement word.(But only if the screen width is greater
than 60 characters).

There is no restriction (apart from available memory!) on

the length of lines. If a line longer than the width of the
screen is within the window, moving the cursor right along
the line will eventually cause the display window to move
to the right past the begining of the line. Characters will
disappear to the left of the window as more appear at the
right.

Searches can be performed forwards or backwards in the

text. Replacement can take place either word by word or
globally.

A very useful decimal counter function is available. The

counter can be set to zero, incremented, or inserted in the
text, each with a single keystroke.

A "macro" feature is available whereby a sequence of up to

40 keystokes (including most of the editing operations) may
be defined as a macro and be recalled at any time by a
single keystroke. This allows a complicated editing
sequence to be easily repeated. In addition most single-key
operators can be repeated automatically a chosen number of
times. Two "permanent" macros can be defined at
configuration.

- 2-
 RUN-TIME MEMORY MAP

_________________
MEMEND => | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| TEXT |
| BUFFER |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|-----------------|
| PASTE |
| BUFFER |
|-----------------|
| |
| |
| PROGRAM |
| |
| |
| |
|-----------------|
| CONFIGURATION |
| TABLES |
$100 |-----------------|
| STACK |
|_________________|

- 3-
 CALLING CEDRIC

The version of the editor on the distribution disc is named

"CED.CMD". First read the section on configuration of
CEDRIC to check whether this version suits your terminal.
If not, edit "CED-CNFG.TXT" according to the instructions
within it. After assembling this file append the .BIN file
to "CED.CMD" to form a re-configured version. We will
assume this is copied to your system disc and named
"CED.CMD".

To run CEDRIC type "CED" following the FLEX prompt (+++).

The MENU should be displayed:-

SCREEN EDITOR (C) M.J.RANDALL 1985

T--TOP I--INPUT Y--REPLACE WORD

B--BOTTOM W--WRITE C--COPY PART
P--REPLACEMENT !--ERASE ALL X--EXIT TO FLEX
M--SEARCH TARGET V--VIEW TEXT L--LOOK AT TABS
N--NEW TABS R--REPEAT S--START MACRO
E--END MACRO U--PAGE UP D--PAGE DOWN
tab-TO NEXT WORD

An input text file may be specified on the command line if

desired, in which case the file is loaded and displayed
instead of the menu. The menu can be displayed at any time
by typing the <MU> key [ESC] twice. Commands are performed
by typing one of the option keys listed. Once you are
familiar with the menu.. commands may be performed without
displaying it by typing just one <MU> followed by the
appropriate option key.

MENU COMMANDS

T--TOP The cursor is moved to the top of the text and

the text, if any, will be seen through a window
at the top left of the text.

B--BOTTOM The cursor is moved to the end of the bottom

line of the text, if any.

I--INPUT The name of a text file will be requested.

Type the name of an existing file (the default
extension is .TXT and the default drive is the
current working drive) followed by a carriage
return (CR). The contents of the file will be
inserted at the cursor position. Control
characters other than CR will be ignored. The
FLEX space compression convention for text files
is observed. If you wish to abort the command
type "#" instead of the filename. This also
applies to W--WRITE and C--COPY.

- 4-
W--WRITE The name of a text file will be requested. The
original input file name will be displayed, if
you wish use the same name just type "=" follwed
by a carriage return. If a file of the same name
and extension already exists on that drive it
will be renamed with the extension .BAK (an
existing .BAK file will in this case be deleted
first). The whole text will be written to a new
file of the selected name, with FLEX space
compression.

C--COPY PART The marked text will be stored as a disc

file but retained in the text. The name of the
file will be requested as for W--WRITE.

!--ERASE ALL The whole text will be erased, freeing the

text buffer. You can now edit another file
without re-loading the editor. Any contents of
the paste buffer and the macro buffer will be
preserved, as will the target and replacement
word.

M--SEARCH TARGET You will be asked to define a target

word. Spaces and control characters will be
ignored but backspace will be honoured as in
FLEX. A carriage return terminates the
definition. Up to 20 characters are allowed in
the target.

P--REPLACEMENT You will be asked to define a

replacement word as in M--SEARCH TARGET.

Y--REPLACE WORD Assumes you are at the target word,

which is replaced by the replacement word. (See
also <SR> and <GR>.)

X--EXIT TO FLEX Returns to FLEX. In case you have

forgotten to save any wanted text you will be
asked if you are sure. Type "Y" to return to
FLEX. All text in memory will be lost.

tab-TO NEXT WORD The cursor goes to the beginning of

the next word.

D--PAGE DOWN The display window moves forward one

screen.

U--PAGE UP The display window moves back one screen.

S--START MACRO Starts the definition of a "macro".

Subsequent key-strokes are remembered in a
40-character MACRO BUFFER until the command <MU>E
is encountered. The command itself does not
affect the text, but the following keys perform
their normal function as they are being entered

- 5-
in the macro buffer. It is as if the editor is
"learning" as it goes.

E--END MACRO Ends the macro sequence definition, but

does not affect the text.

R--REPEAT COMMAND A ( decimal) repeat count will be

asked for. Type a number followed by a carriage
return. The command to be repeated will be
requested. Type the desired operation key. The
<MU> key is invalid and will be ignored.

L--LOOK AT TABS The tab positions will be displayed on

the status line.

N--NEW TABS You will be prompted to define a new set of

tab positions (up to 5).

V--VIEW TEXT Repaints the screen. This is useful to

force a repaint without displaying the menu.
Because screen updating can be aborted by new
keyboard input it is possible for the screen to
"lie" if the last operation did not completely
repaint it. If you are suspicious <MU>V will
force a complete repaint.

Any other character typed will return the text display.

SINGLE-KEY OPERATIONS

As the actual control character corresponding to a given

operation can be re-defined by the user by re-configuring
the editor to suit his own preferences or to take advantage
of a key-pad, function keys etc, we will refer to the
operators with the notation <..> and provide the
distributed control character thus:- [^L] (for control L)
or [1C] (the ascii code in hexadecimal).

(i) CURSOR MOVEMENT OPERATIONS

<CB> [^L] CURSOR BACK The cursor goes back one

position. If it is at the beginning of a line it
goes to the end of the previous line.

<CF> [^R] CURSOR FORWARD The cursor goes forward one

position. If at the end of the line it has the
effect of inserting a space - the cursor moves
into the white space at the end of a line.

- 6-
<CU> [^U] CURSOR UP The cursor moves up one line. If
at the top line already the screen scrolls down
by half a screen if possible so that the cursor
line is centred.

<CD> [^D] CURSOR DOWN The cursor moves down one line.
If already at the bottom line the screen scrolls
up by half a screen if possible so that the
cursor line is centred.

<LB> [^B] LINE BACK The cursor goes back to the

beginning of the line. If already at the
beginning it goes back to the beginning of the
previous line.

<LF> [^F] LINE FORWARD The cursor goes forward to the

beginning of the next line.

<LE> [^J] LINE END The cursor goes forward to the end
of the line. If already at the end it goes to the
end of the next line. (^J is usually available as
the "linefeed" key.)

(ii) ERASE OPERATIONS

<EC> [^E] ERASE CHARACTER The character under the

cursor is erased from the text.

<EW> [^W] ERASE WORD Erases from the cursor to the

end of the word.

<EL> [^X] ERASE LINE Erases from the cursor to the

end of the line.

<DL> [^H] DELETE LEFT The character to the left of

the cursor is deleted from the text.

(iii) SEARCH OPERATIONS

<SF> [^C] SEARCH FORWARD As for search back but

searches right (forward) for the target word. If
the target is not found the cursor will be at the
end of the text.

<SB> [^Z] SEARCH BACK The text will be searched to

the left (back) for the next occurrence of the
target word, and the window centered there with
the cursor on its first character. If the target
is not found the cursor will be at the beginning
of the text.

- 7-
<SR> [^N] SEARCH+REPLACE Searches forward (right) for
the next occurrence of the target word and
replaces it with the replacement word.

<GR> [^A] GLOBAL REPLACE Repeats <SR> until the end

of the text is reached.

(iv) COUNTER OPERATIONS

<ZC> [^0] ZERO COUNTER Sets the decimal counter to

zero "0". The text is not affected.

<IC> [^V] INCREMENT COUNTER Adds one to the decimal

counter. The text is not affected.

<PC> [^Q] PUT COUNTER Inserts the current value of

the decimal counter at the cursor position.
Leading zeroes are suppressed. When the counter
is zero a single "0" is inserted.

(v) MACRO OPERATIONS

<PM> [^K] PERFORM MACRO Causes the defined macro

sequence to be performed as though you had
entered the key-strokes individually.Certain keys
are invalid (for fairly obvious reasons) - <PM>
and <MU>. You will be given the opportunity to
either abort the rest of the macro or continue,
with the illegal operation ignored.

<Ml> [^T] MACRO 1 is called.

<M2> [^G] MACRO 2 is called. These "permanent" macros

may be defined by the user on configuration - see
the CED.CNFG listing.

(vi) OTHER OPERATIONS

<TB> [^I) TAB Spaces will be inserted to bring the

cursor to the next tab position. If past the last
tab a single space will be inserted.

<PH> [^C] POINT HERE The present cursor position will

be remembered. Subsequent movement of the cursor
to the right (forward) will cause the text
between the present position and the subsequent
position to be "marked" (by displaying it in
reverse video if the terminal permits).
Subsequent movement of the cursor to the left
(back) of the present position will cancel the
MARK function. Marking is used to define text to

- 8-
be copied to disc or cut to the paste buffer.

<CT> [^Y] CUT TEXT The marked text will be cut from
the text and saved in the paste buffer. If the
marked text is too long for the paste buffer you
will be so advised and asked if you want to
erase it anyway.

<PT> [^P] PASTE TEXT The contents of the paste buffer

will be re-inserted in the text at the present
cursor position.

<CC> [^S] CHANGE CASE The case of the cursor

character will be changed (lower => upper, upper
=> lower) and the cursor moved one place to the
right (forward).

<MU> [esc] MENU Precedes a menu command. If <MU> is

typed again the menu will be displayed. If a
legal menu option is typed the appropriate
function will be performed, otherwise the text
will be re-displayed.

(vii) ORDINARY CHARACTERS

When an ordinary character is typed it will be entered in

the text at the cursor position and the cursor and the
characters following it on the line will be moved right. To
speed text entry the screen is not completely repainted
unless the window has been moved; this happens only at the
right of very long lines.

- 9-
 CONFIGURATION

The information CEDRIC needs to communicate correctly with

the video terminal is contained in configuration tables
located from $100 to $1CD. While this data can be altered
by using a utility such as FIX, it is better to assemble a
small overlay program and append it to the end of the
distributed file CED.CMD. This will give the user complete
documentation of his reconfigured version.

There follows an assembler listing of the file CED-CNFG.TXT

which reproduces the configuration of CED.CMD as
distributed. It contains comments that fully explain the
purpose of each section of the configuration tables.

The single-key operators are best left as they are until

the user is familiar with the operation of CEDRIC. Ascii
control characters are used as they are generated by most
keyboards. If your terminal has a seperate keypad that
generates either control characters or "meta" characters
($81-$FF) you may wish to change the operator assignments
to take advantage of it and to achieve a logical layout of
the operator keys.

The minimum complement of sendable characters and

receivable video control strings needed for CEDRIC are:-

(1) 29 control characters $01..$1F or $81..$FF that

may be sent from the terminal. This number may be
reduced by using special printable characters at
the expense of their not being available for
insertion in the text from the keyboard.

(2) A direct-cursor-addressing control string that

takes the form:- string, row (or column) byte,
column (or row) byte.

(3) A cursor-left string.

(4) A cursor-up string.

(5) A cursor-down string.

(6) An erase-to-end-of-line string.

(7) A TLHC-and-clear-screen string.

STOP PRESS

See READ-ME.TXT for instructions on using the

program CONFIGUR to configure CEDRIC easily!

-10-
 OPT PAG

CEDRIC CONFIGURATION 9-24-85 TSC ASSEMBLER PAGE 1

OVERLAY

************************************************
* CEDRIC CONFIGURATION OVERLAY
* FILE "CED-CNFG.TXT"
* THIS EXAMPLE RE-PRODUCES THE CONFIGURATION
* AS ORIGINALLY DISTRIBUTED
* M.J.RANDALL 1985
************************************************
* TO RECONFIGURE CEDRIC RENAME CED.CMD TO
* CED.BIN THEN ASSEMBLE CED-CNFG.TXT THEN
* APPEND IT TO CED.BIN:-
* "+++APPEND CED.BIN,CED-CNFG.BIN,CED.CMD"
* TRY "+++1.CED" TO MAKE SURE THAT IT WORKS
* IF IT DOES THEN COPY CED.CMD TO YOUR
* SYSTEM DISC. IF NOT YOU SHOULD RE-READ
* YOUR TERMINAL DOCUMENTATION AND CHECK
* YOUR VERSION OF CED-CNFG. IF ALL ELSE FAILS
* GET IN TOUCH WITH THE AUTHOR
************************************************

0100 ORG $0100

************************************************
* OPERATOR CHARACTER TABLE
************************************************

* ANY 8-BIT CHARACTER AVAILABLE FROM THE

* KEYBOARD CAN BE USED - ASCII CONTROL
* CHARACTERS ARE AVAILABLE ON MOST TERMINALS.
* IF A KEYPAD IS AVAILABLE THAT GENERATES
* SINGLE CONTROL OR "META" CHARACTERS, THESE
* CAN BE CONFIGURED TO MAKE THE LAYOUT
* CONVENIENT OR LOGICAL.
* MAKE SURE YOUR FLEX I/O ROUTINES DONIT
* STRIP PARITY IF USING "META" CHARACTERS
* (THEY HAVE BIT 7 MSB SET).
* ANY PRINTABLE CHARACTER COULD BE USED
* AS A COMMAND BUT THEN IT WOULD NOT BE
* AVAILABLE FOR INSERTION IN THE TEXT FROM
* THE KEYBOARD!

0100 12 CF FCB $12 ^R

0101 0C CB FCB $0C ^L
0102 04 CD FCB $04 ^D
0103 15 CU FCB $15 ^U
0104 06 LF FCB $06 ^F
0105 02 LB FCB $02 ^B
0106 05 EC FCB $05 ^E
0107 18 EL FCB $18 ^X
0108 13 CC FCB $13 ^S
 0109 1B MU FCB $1B ESC
010A 08 DL FCB $08 ^H BACKSPACE
010B 09 TB FCB $09 ^I TAB

CEDRIC CONFIGURATION 9-24-85 TSC ASSEMBLER PAGE 2

OVERLAY

010C 01 GR FCB $01 ^A

010D 17 EW FCB $17 ^W
010E 0E SR FCB $0E ^N
010F 10 PT FCB $10 ^P
0110 19 CT FCB $19 ^Y
0111 03 SF FCB $03 ^C
0112 1A SB FCB $1A ^Z
0113 1C PH FCB $1C ^SHIFT-L ON SOME KEYBDS
0114 0F ZC FCB $0F ^O
0115 16 IC FCB $16 ^V
0116 11 PC FCB $11 ^Q
0117 14 M1 FCB $14 ^T
0118 0B PM FCB $0B ^K
0119 07 M2 FCB $07 ^G
011A 00 FCB 0 SPARE
011B 0A LE FCB $0A ^J LINEFEED
011C 20 SPACE FCB $20
011D 0D RETURN FCB $0D
011E 00 00 FCB $0,$0 SPARE

************************************************
* CONFIGURABLE "CONSTANTS"
************************************************

0120 0800 PASLEN FDB $800 PASTE BUFFER LENGTH

0122 50 WIDTH FCB 80 SCREEN WIDTH
0123 17 LINES FCB 23 ONE LESS THAN DISPLAYABLE

************************************************
* TERMINAL CONTROL SEQUENCES ETC
************************************************
* IT IS ASSUMED THAT DIRECT CURSOR ADDRESSING
* IS ACHIEVED BY SENDING A SEQUENCE OF BYTES
* FOLLOWED BY TWO BYTES THAT SPECIFY THE ROW
* AND COLUMN IN ANY ORDER. ROW OR COLUMN MAY
* HAVE A CONSTANT OFFSET ADDED TO THE BYTE

0124 00 XFIRST FCB 0

* THIS BYTE IS NON-ZERO IF THE Y (ROW)
* CO-ORDINATE IS SENT FIRST

0125 00 CUROFS FCB 0

* THIS IS THE OFFSET TO BE ADDED.
* CUROFS,CUROFS IS THE T.L.H.C.

0126 00 LFFLG FCB 0

* THIS BYTE IS ZERO IF THE TERMINAL AUTOMATICALLY
* PUTS THE NEXT CHARACTER AFTER THE LAST DISPLAYABLE
* ON A LINE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE NEXT LINE.
* THAT IS NO CR/LF IS NECESSARY.
 0127 00 RVFLG FCB 0
* THIS BYTE IS ZERO IF THE TERMINAL DISPLAYS AN
* INCOMING CHARACTER WITH BIT 7 SET IN REVERSE

CEDRIC CONFIGURATION 9-24-85 TSC ASSEMBLER PAGE 3

OVERLAY

* VIDEO, BUT NON-ZERO IF REVERSE VIDEO NEEDS

* A CONTROL SEQUENCE

* CONTROL SEQUENCES - THESE ARE TERMINATED BY 0

* THUS A NULL (0) CANNOT BE INCLUDED IN A SEQUENCE
* 8 BYTES MAXIMUM INCLUDING TERMINATOR

0128 0B 00 00 00 CURADD FCB $B,0,0,0 CURSOR ADDRESS SEQUENCE

012C 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0
0130 0C 00 00 00 CURLFT FCB $C,0,0,0 CURSOR LEFT
0134 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0
0138 06 00 00 00 ERALIN FCB $6,0,0,0 ERASE TO END OF LINE
013C 06 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0
0140 05 00 00 00 HOMERA FCB $5,0,0,0 CURSOR TO T.L.H.C AND
0144 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0 CLEAR SCREEN
0148 14 00 00 00 HOMCUR FCB $14,0,0,0 CURSOR TO T.L.H.C.
014C 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0
0150 00 00 00 00 RV-ON FCB 0,0,0,0 REVERSE VIDEO ON
0154 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0
0158 00 00 00 00 RV-OFF FCB 0,0,0,0 REVERSE VIDEO OFF
015C 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0
0160 15 00 00 00 CUR-UP FCB $15,0,0,0 CURSOR UP
0164 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0
0168 04 00 00 00 CUR-DN FCB $4,0,0,0 CURSOR DOWN
016C 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0

0170 LAST EQU * IT MUST BE $0170

************************************************
* ADVANCED CONFIGURATION
************************************************

* PRE-CONFIGURED MACROS

0170 00 MACRO1 FCB 0 COUNT OF MACRO BYTES

0171 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 UP TO 40 CAN BE USED
0175 00 00 00 00
0179 00 00
017B 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
017F 00 00 00 00
0183 00 00
0185 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
0189 00 00 00 00
018D 00 00
018F 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
0193 00 00 00 00
0197 00 00

0199 00 MACRO2 FCB 0 COUNT OF MACRO BYTES

 019A 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 UP TO 40 CAN BE USED
019E 00 00 00 00
01A2 00 00

CEDRIC CONFIGURATION 9-24-85 TSC ASSEMBLER PAGE 4

OVERLAY

01A4 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0

01A8 00 00 00 00
01AC 00 00
01AE 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
01B2 00 00 00 00
01B6 00 00
01B8 00 00 00 00 FCB 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
01BC 00 00 00 00
01C0 00 00

* DEFAULT TABS

01C2 0008 000F TABS FDB 8,15,24,40,0 5 AVAILABLE TAB POSITIONS

01C6 0018 0028
01CA 0000
01CC 0000 FDB 0 GUARD WORD

END

0 ERROR(S) DETECTED

+++