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Bromine Index of Petroleum-Based Hydrocarbons: Environmentally Beneficial Determination Based On ASTM D2710 and IP 299

The document describes a titration method for determining the bromine index of petroleum hydrocarbons based on ASTM D2710 and IP 299 standards. The method replaces dichloromethane solvent with toluene, providing a more environmentally friendly alternative. Precise results are obtained using an OMNIS Advanced Titrator, with low standard deviations below 1% for samples of heptane and cyclohexene.

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165 views2 pages

Bromine Index of Petroleum-Based Hydrocarbons: Environmentally Beneficial Determination Based On ASTM D2710 and IP 299

The document describes a titration method for determining the bromine index of petroleum hydrocarbons based on ASTM D2710 and IP 299 standards. The method replaces dichloromethane solvent with toluene, providing a more environmentally friendly alternative. Precise results are obtained using an OMNIS Advanced Titrator, with low standard deviations below 1% for samples of heptane and cyclohexene.

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riloadd
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TITRATION APPLICATION NOTE T-206

Bromine index of petroleum-based


hydrocarbons
Environmentally beneficial determination based on ASTM
D2710 and IP 299
The bromine index is an important parameter for the In this Application Note, the chlorinated solvent in
determination of aliphatic C=C double bonds in the solvent mixture was replaced with toluene,
petroleum hydrocarbons. Bromine is generated in- resulting in a more environmentally beneficial
situ from a solution of bromide and bromate, and method in comparison to ASTM D2710 and IP 299.
the bromine index is determined by an
electrochemical titration at 5 °C. For the titration, a
solvent mixture of glacial acetic acid, methanol, and
dichloromethane is usually used.

www.metrohm.com
SAMPLE AND SAMPLE PREPARATION Table 1. Results of the bromine index determination in heptane
and cyclohexene.
This application is demonstrated on heptane and
cyclohexene, respectively. Heptane in Cyclohexene
Bromine index
mg/100 g in mg/100g
(n = 6)
EXPERIMENTAL sample sample

The analysis is carried out on an OMNIS Advanced Mean 0.66 90.61


Titrator equipped with a double Pt wire electrode.
SD(abs) / (mg/ 0.63
0.003
Before the sample is determined, a blank 100 g sample)
determination is performed.
SD(rel) / (%) 0.4 0.7
An appropriate amount of sample and solvent
mixture consisting of glacial acetic acid, methanol,
and toluene are added into the titration vessel.
While stirring, the solution is cooled below 5 °C. The
solution is then titrated with a solution of potassium
bromide and potassium bromate until after the
equivalent point is reached.

Figure 2. Example titration curve of the bromine index


determination in cyclohexene.

SUMMARY

Titration is an inexpensive method, allowing precise


and reliable determinations of the bromine index of
petroleum hydrocarbons based on ASTM D2710
and IP 299. The replacement of dichloromethane
with toluene provides an environmentally friendly
alternative for the analysis.
Figure 1. OMNIS Advanced Titrator equipped with a double Pt Using an OMNIS Titrator allows you to customize the
wire electrode for the determination of the bromine index.
system according to your needs and expand it for
other titration applications.
RESULTS

Well-defined, steep titration curves are obtained for


Titration Application Note T-206, Version 2 – 2020-08

both samples. In addition, low relative standard


deviations below 1% are achieved. The results are
displayed in Table 1.

Analytes: Bromine index


Matrix: Basic chemicals; Solvents
AW TI CH1-1263-122018

Method: Titration
Industry: Chemical; Petrochemicals &
biofuels
Standards: ASTM D2710; IP 299

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