Southern Masbate Roosevelt College, Inc.

Katipunan, Placer, Masbate

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WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THIS MODULE
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Rule IV of Republic Act No. 7079, otherwise known as the CAMPUS JOURNALISM ACT
Dr. Victor V. Lepiten Victor Elliot S. Lepiten, III
FOUNDER PRESIDENT of 1991, states that all educational institutions on the elementary, secondary, and tertiary levels,
public or private, shall be encouraged to publish a student publication.

CAMPUS JOURNALISM(EES 113) This course provides you with basic concepts of mass communication. It is
designed to acquaint you with the theories and principles of campus journalism. This is
MODULE (PRELIM) also a practical course to students who are beginners in the journalism field and who want to
improve their journalistic skills and provides them opportunities to produce news and other
articles for a campus paper.

Most importantly, this module is provided to meet your needs to become well-
informed
and well educated citizens in the community.
Happy Learning! 
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
 All activities enclosed should be carefully read and performed accordingly.
 In cases of printed and written activities, all tasks should be printed in a short bond paper following the
given format:
 Name
 Year Level, Subject, Time/Day
 Address
 Contact Info
 Printed activities should be in font size 11 and Font style “Candara.”
NAME:__________________________________  Use cursive writing for every written task.
CONTACT INFO.:__________________________  Leave considerable storage on your phones for video projects from time to time since this pandemic
ADDRESS:_______________________________ does not allow live performances. In every video project, do not forget to introduce yourself. Name
YR. & COURSE:___________________________ your file to your Last name and first name initial+ Name of the activity (Ex: ALBURO, G.-- CREDO by E.
Christian Buckner)
 Change your facebook names to your real names (the ones appearing on my class record) for easy
dissemination of information if necessary. Do not let your instructor guess your names on social media
if you will not adhere to this instruction.
GERALYN P. ALBURO  Since you are too many for me to handle, please add me on facebook: “Geralyn Pepito Alburo”. This is
necessary so I can tag you on important matters or announcements.
INSTRUCTOR  Agree with your blockmates/classmates to create a GC named “BSED ENGLISH II- CAMPUS
JOURNALISM” and add me on. Your instructor will provide you further instructions or activities
through it. Update and check the GC from time to time.
 Deadline is deadline. Late submissions will no longer be catered.
 Failure to follow the instructions would mean deductions on your submitted tasks.  No part or even a page of this module should be lost. Complete compilation will be collected and
checked at the end of the semester.
COMPARISO NEWS EDITORIAL FEATURES
N
Stay safe at home God bless!
Report of an Interpretation of an An essay based on - Your Subject Instructor
1. Definition
event event/ issue facts ORIGIN OF CAMPUS JOURNALISM

To inform To interpret To entertain using On a 4” x 6” sheet of paper, Samuel Fickle Fox penned the first issue of The Students Gazette on
2. Purpose
July 11, 1777 at the William Penn Charter School in Philadelphia, USA. Published continuously
present
human until August 1778, when the British soldiers closed the school, The Gazette is recognized as the
interest first student publication in the English-speaking world.
stories
3. Timeliness Timely Timely Timely In the Philippines, The University of the Philippines started publishing its magazine College Folio
Short Around 300 words Depends upon the in October 1910 and printed the works of the first promising writers in English. In 1912 the
4. Length graduates of Manila High School published their English writings in The Coconut. The following
needs
Simple, precise, Simple, forceful, direct May be year, 1913, the Philippine Normal School introduced its publication, The TORCH.
5. Use of
Words concret descriptiv
e e, The UP Writers Club which was organized in 1927 had its literary organ, The Literary Apprentice
flowery, which became the most prestigious college literary publication in the country. At about this time
colorful UST’s Varsitarian began to see publication.
6. Use of Short, simple, 15- May be longer May be longer
25
Sentences JOURNALISM IN GENERAL
words
average
No topic With topic sentence, With topic Definition of Journalism
7. Paragraph
sentenc longer sentence,
e, longer The word journal comes from the Latin word diurna which means “daily.”  In ancient Rome, short
one idea, one bulletins of battles, fires, and elections compiled by government officials were posted up in public
paragraph places.  These were called acta diurna which meant “daily events.”
8. Use of Journalistic, Journalistic, direct to Literary, can be  
Literary direct the point, may journalistic; idioms, Other definitions of journalism:
to the point, no use idioms, figures of speech
Devices  The occupation of writing for publication in newspapers and other periodicals. – Noah
idioms, figures of figures of used freely
speech speech if
Webster
properly  Something that embraces all forms in which or through which the news and
handled comments on the news reach the public. All that happens in the world, if such
9. Use of Uses adjectives Adjectives used freely; As much as desired happenings hold interest for the public, and all the thoughts, actions, and ideas which
adjectives/ sparingly; primarily these happenings stimulate, become basic materials for the journalist.- Fraser F.
Opinion opinion, opinion Bond
never  Enjoyable co-curricular activity of the school paper staff in collecting, organizing, and
presenting news; in writing editorials, columns, literary articles, and features; in
10. Parts Lead, body Introduction: newspeg, Introduction, body, copyreading, proofreading, dummying, and writing headlines – all for the purpose of
reaction), ending
putting out a school organ. – School Paper Advisers of the City Schools of Manila
body,
conclusion
Scope of Journalism  
Follows style Follows style-sheet, Composition style  Journalism may be divided into three areas: written, oral, and visual
11. Style
 Periodicals such as newspapers and magazines fall under written journalism.
sheet newspaper or
Newspaper style style newspap A periodical, defined broadly, is a publication that comes out at regular
er style intervals – daily, weekly, fortnightly, monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, annually,
12. Structure Inverted pyramid Hypothesis, Suspended etc.
arguments/sta interest
nd on issue, or
conclusion pyramid
structure.
13. Kinds
  A newspaper, compared to a magazine, prints more news, has no special news.  It may or may not run across the page.  It id does, it may also be
cover, and is printed on a special paper called newsprint. News is printed on called a streamer.
the front page as well as on the inside and back pages. d. Running head – a head made up of two or more lines.
 A magazine, on the other hand, prints more features and human interest e. Headline – The title of any news story.  The word headline is used only for
stories, has a special cover usually with a big cut on it, and is often printed titles of news stories.
on bookpaper. If ever news is printed, it is brief, featurized, and found in the f. Deck – a subordinate headline placed immediately below its mother
inside pages. headline, also known as bank or readout.
 Periodicals, brochures, journals, books, and graphic arts are classified under g. Lead – The beginning of a news story.  It may be a word, a group of words, a
print media. Radio falls under oral journalism, while television, movies, and sentence, or even a paragraph.
documentaries are under visual journalism. h. News story – The whole story of an event composed of the lead and the text
 Radio and television are examples of broadcast media while movies and which is the elaboration of the lead.
documentaries are examples of film media. i. Columns – The horizontal division into parts of a newspaper.  Many national
  papers are divided into eight columns while a typical school paper is
Functions of modern campus papers: divided into five columns of 12 ems each.
 Information function j. Column rule – The vertical line that divides the page into columns.  Most
 Opinion function pages of newspaper are divided into columns by a space usually one
em wide.  This space is called the sunken rule.
 Education function
k. Fold – The imaginary horizontal line that divides the newspaper equally into
 Watchdog function
two parts.
 Laboratory function l. Byline – The signature of a reporter preceding a news-feature, as By
 Documentation function Warren Cruz.
 Entertainment function  m. Box – News materials enclosed by line rules.
 Developmental function  n. Cut – A metal plate bearing a newspaper’s illustration, also known as cliché.
o. Cutline – The text accompanying photos and other art work, better known as
a caption.  If written above the photo just like a slugline, it is called an
  overline.
Sections/Part of A Campus Paper p. Kicker – A tagline placed above but smaller than a headline, also known as
Whether it is a community, metropolitan, or national paper, its parts and sections are more or less teaser.  If it is bigger than the headline, it is called a hammer.
the same. q. Credit line – A line giving the source of story or illustration, as Reprinted
from the “Manila Times” or Photo by MPI.
  Traditionally, these are:  
A. Front Page B. Front Page
1. Local news – news that takes place within the country. 1. Folio – Consists of the page number, date of publication, and name of the newspaper,
2. Foreign news – news that takes place outside the country. usually written on top of the page.  This is also found in the other pages.
3. Dateline news – an out-of-town news story.  It is introduced by a dateline which states 2. Masthead – The editorial box containing the logo, names of the staff members and
the place from which the story was reported, the date, and the source of the position in the staff, subscription rate, the publisher, and other pertinent data
material if not written by the local staff, as Tokyo, Japan, Jan. 25 (AP). about the newspaper.  A logo (a shorter word for logotype) is a cut which
4. Weather news – usually a boxed forecast of the area, sometimes the temperature, contains an identifying word or words, such as the name of the newspaper or of
wind directions, and velocities.  a section.
5. Index – a slug line indicating an important inside page story and the page where it is 3. Editorial proper – A commentary written by any of the editors who comments or gives
found. the opinion of the staff or of the whole paper on various subjects.  It is the stand
6. Other things found on the Front Page: (Those with asterisk may or may not be of the paper.
present). 4. Editorial column - A personal opinion written by the columnist himself or herself.  Like
a. Nameplate – The engraved or printed name of the newspaper, as the the editorial proper, it may attack, teach, entertain, or appeal depending upon its
Manila Times or PNC Torch. purpose.
b. Ears – The little boxes on either side of the nameplate. 5. Editorial cartoon – Usually a caricature emphasizing a simple point.  Usually
c. Banner – The principal headline bearing the boldest and biggest type.  It is humorous, it has the function of the editorial.  It stands by itself and is not a
the title of the most important news of the day which is called banner complement of the editorial proper.
 6. Editorial liner – a short statement or quoted saying placed at the end of an editorial  The student journalist should reveal his/her identity as a representative of the
column or editorial to drive home a message. student press before obtaining any interview for publication.
7. Letter to the editor – A letter sent in by the reader giving his personal views on certain  The editor should not exclude a student point of view solely because it is
aspects. contrary to the editorial policy.
   The editor should apologize in print at the first available opportunity for all
C. Sports Page mistakes.
Sports stories are classified as news stories; therefore, what may be found in the news  A student journalist should defend freedom through the hones collection and
page may also be found in the sports section.  Other things that may be found in the publication of news and facts and through the rights of fair comment and
sports section are the sports commentaries and sports features. criticism.
   A student journalist should respect all confidence regarding sources of
D. Special Features information and private documents.  He/She should not falsify information or
  The modern newspaper has taken some special features and eliminated some which documents or distort of misrepresent the facts.
have become irrelevant to the needs of the times.  An example of this is the  Student journalists should be familiar with the laws of libel and contempt of
 Society page court which exist in their country and should observe the international
 Life and Leisure (The arts, Religion, Entertainment and Comics) and copyright agreement unless this interferes with the freedom of the press or
 Finance and Business the need to inform the public on vital matters.  Every effort should be made to
 The feature page may contain home and culture, entertainment, comics, retain the independence of all students from public relations, censorship,
shipping, classified ads, movie, TV and radio guides, and the comics page. pressure or undue influence from any outside body, political, governmental
religious or in the university.  Official publications of a student union,
however, have a particular responsibility to that union.
ACTIVITY:  
Declaration of Principles:  Aims of Student Journalists
Ask your parents or the elder members in the family to find or buy a newspaper. Refer to the The International Student Press Conference, considering
“Sections/ Parts of A Campus Paper.” Locate and identify each section and part by  
cutting parts of the newspaper and pasting it in a short bond paper. Label each part. *That journalism plays one of the most essential roles in the life of man, i.e. the
Enclose your work in a short white folder. expression of thinking;
 
*that student journalism as a means of expressing thought tends to strengthen unity,
 
understanding and friendship among all the students of the world;
The Charter of Student Press Rights
 
The following conditions are essential for a free student press:
*that through a mandate of the press conference, it is the duty of the student press to
 The student press, in accordance with the right of the United Nations (Draft)
take a position on current problems based on the Universal Declaration of Human
Convention on Freedom of Information, should be free from regulations by
Rights and on the Charter of the Student Press;
any organ of the government or by the university authorities;
 
 The student press, except where it is an official organ of a student *that in order to define the responsibility of the student press in a Code of Ethics, it is
organization, should be free from regulations by other student organizations; necessary first of all to establish the duties and obligations of the student journalist and
 The student press should be free from all pressures, financial and other make a declaration of principles containing the aims and objectives to be implemented
external groups; by the student press, resolves to declare as fundamental principles to be implemented
 The student press should have a free access to information and the same by the student journalists the following:
rights and privileges as afforded to regularly accredited journalists.  
  1. Culture:  Student journalism must be a means of propagating culture in all its forms;
The Code of Student Press Ethics  
Believing that all student publications throughout the world should respect the basic principles of 2. Freedom of the Press:  it is necessary in order to insure the very existence of
human rights and that they should maintain good quality workmanship and a high standard of journalism that full freedom of the press exists in the country in which student
conduct, the following Code of Ethics for observance by student journalists is recommended: publications are issued because the freedom of the press exactly reflects the
 The student journalist should strive continuously to be unbiased and liberty of opinion and expression in any democratic country;
accurate in his/her reports and should equip himself adequately with facts to  
support his/her published statements.  He/She should realize his/her 3. Freedom of Culture:  As the exchange of ideas and opinions is an effective means of
personal responsibility for everything he/she submits for publication. obtaining understanding between all students of the world it is indispensable for
 such understanding that all men have full freedom of thought, conscience and
religion. TRAIT 5
  Good writers talk about “immersing themselves” into the story. They live it, breathe it, and
4. Totalitarianism, Colonialism, Imperialism:  Student journalists should pursue and dream it.
condemn totalitarianism, colonialism, and imperialism in all their forms as these
are systems opposed to the highest aspirations of students around the world; TRAIT 6
  Most good writers are bleeders rather than speeders. When they write, in the words of
5. Student Dignity:  Student journalism, recognizing its responsibility as a medium of sportswriter Red Smith, they “open a vein.”
expression and orientation, declares that it will try to be effective in favor of
student and human rights in accordance with various resolutions of the TRAIT 7
International Student Press Conference which says that: Good writers understand that an important part of writing is the mechanical drudgery of
  organizing the material, what Saul Pett describes as “donkey work.”
“… all people should have access to an education enabling them to realize their
full potentialities and available equally to all without regard for color, economic TRAIT 8
circumstances, sex, political or religious convictions and social standing; that all Good writers rewrite. They love computer terminals, which permit maximum playfulness during
people should be free to develop their educational systems in keeping with their revision.
own culture and traditions.”
TRAIT 9
WRITING GOOD JOURNALISTIC STYLE In judging their work, good writers tend to trust their ears and their feelings more than
their eyes. Editors “look for holes in the story.” Writers want ‘to make it sing.”
1. Cut unnecessary fat. Preserve meaning, but prune ruthlessly.
2. Use simple, clear language. Bring meaning into focus with concrete examples and vivid TRAIT 10
writing. Good writers want to tell stories. They are constantly searching for the human side of the
3. Say what you mean. news, for voices that enliven the writing.
4. Choose active over passive voice. Replace “to be” verbs with action verbs.
5. Craft transitions carefully. The most commonly used transitions are chronological (now, TRAIT 11
since, then, a few days later, etc). Good writers write primarily to please themselves and to meet their own exacting
6. Replace clichés and adjectives with nouns and action verbs focusing on actors and standards, but they also understand that writing is a transaction between writer and
action. reader.
7. Translate jargon by paraphrasing dull, wordy quotes.
8. Use quotes correctly. TRAIT 12
Good writers take chances in their writing. They love the surprising and the unconventional
ROY PETER CLARK: Fourteen Traits of Good Writers approach to a story.
TRAIT 1
Good writers see the world as their journalism laboratory, a storehouse of story ideas. If TRAIT 13
they can get out of the room, they can find a story. Good writers are lifelong readers, mostly novels, and they like movies. They collect story
ideas and forms from other genres.
TRAIT 2
Good writers prefer to discover and develop their own story ideas. They have an eye for the TRAIT 14
offbeat and may find conventional assignments tedious. Good writers write too long, and they know it. They want their stories to be “seamless” or
“connected by a single thread” or “to flow.”
TRAIT 3 News Defined
Good writers are voracious collectors of information. This usually means that they take notes News is an oral or written report of a past, present, or future event.  It should be factual, truthful,
like crazy. accurate, unbiased, and interesting.  But what is interesting to one is not always interesting to
another
TRAIT 4
Good writers spend too much time and creative energy working on their leads. They know Elements of News
that the lead is the most important part of their work, the passage that invites the reader into the  Conflict –this may involve physical or mental conflict – man versus man, man versus
story and signals the news. animals, man versus nature, or man versus himself. 
  Immediacy or timeliness – This element emphasizes the newest angle of the  Spot news – News that is gathered and reporter on the spot.  It deals with
story.  The more recent the event, the more interesting it is to the reader. unscheduled information demanding immediate publication.  The reporter
 Proximity or nearness – This may refer to geographical nearness as well as to himself is an eyewitness to the event that took place.
nearness of kinship or interest.   Coverage news – News written from a given beat.  Both spot news and
 Prominence – Some people are more prominent than others by reasons of wealth, coverage news are good examples of first-hand reporting.
social position, or achievements.   Follow-up news – A sequel to a previous story.  Having a new lead of its
 Significance – Whatever is significant to the life of an individual is interesting to him.  own, it is a second, third or subsequent chapter of a serial.  
 Names – Important names make important news. 
 Drama – this adds color to the story.  The more picturesque the background and the 3. Structure
more dramatic the actions are, the more appealing the story is to the reader.   Straight News – News that consists of facts given straight without
 Oddity or unusualness – This refers to strange or unnatural events, objects, embellishment.  Its main aim is to inform.  It uses the summary lead and is
persons, and places.  An odd story is interesting not because of its news value but written using the inverted pyramid structure.
because of the human-interest side of it.   News-feature (Featurized news distinguished from a feature article) – It is
 Romance and adventure – The romance of Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton also based on facts, but it entertains more than it informs.  It uses the
had hugged headlines for many years.  Romance may be experienced with other suspended interest structure like the narrative; thus, it cannot meet the cut-
things.  There were the romance of Hemingway with the sea and of the astronauts off test.  In writing a news-feature, the writer may give his impression, may
with space. describe and narrate, but without resorting to biased opinion; i.e., without
 Sex – Since the dawn of history, sex has always interested man.  Stories of sex are editorializing.  The reporter’s by-line usually appears with his story.
usually related to stories of romance, marriage, divorce, and the varied activities of
men with women.  This is not always the case (1) Single-feature or one-incident story – The story deals with an isolated
 Progress – The onward and forward march of civilization or the progress of a event.  A single fact is featured in the lead and is explained further in the
country is chronicled step by step in the newspaper.  The trend today is towards succeeding paragraphs.  The story breaks logically at every paragraph;
development communication.  Reports on the significant changes in the established thus enabling the reporter to cut or lengthen it as space dictates.
order and on scientific achievements are in order.
 Animals – Stories of animals, especially those with talents are good reading matter (2) Several-feature, multiple-angled, or composite story – Several facts
because of their human-interest value. are included in the lead in their order of importance.  These facts are
elaborated one after the other in the body.  The several-feature story
 Number – Sweepstakes numbers, vital statistics, election results, scores in games,
aims to draw together two or more divergent aspects of related news
casualties, fatalities, price of goods, and ages of women make good news.
items separately; the writer writes them in one big story.
 Emotion – All the other elements of news mentioned above appeal to the emotion.  
 
But the term emotion here includes the various human responses such as the innate
4. Treatment
desire for food, clothing, shelter; the universal interest in children, animals, and
a. Fact story – This is a plain exposition setting forth a single situation or a
nature; and the natural feeling of love, sympathy and generosity, of fear, hatred, and
series of closely related facts that inform.  It is written in the inverted
jealousy.
pyramid design.
 
b. Action story – A narrative of actions involving not mere simple facts but also
Types of News Stories
of dramatic events, description of persons and events, perhaps
News stories may fall under any of the following types according to:
testimony of witnesses, as well as explanatory data.  Sports games,
 
competitions, accidents, and war reports are examples of action stories.
1. Scope or origin
c. Speech report – A news story usually written from a public address, talks,
 Local news – Report of events that take place within the immediate locality. and speeches.
 National news – News that takes place within the country. d. Quote story – Speeches, statements, and letters, and to some extent,
 Foreign news – News that takes place outside the country. interviews when reported, are regarded as quote stories.  All are based
 Dateline news – News preceded by the date and place of origin or place on recorded information, either written or spoken, and transcribed by
where it was written or filed:  Tokyo, Jan. 20(AP) the reporter in the form of news.
  e. Interview story – A news report written from an interview.
2. Chronology or sequence f. Hard news– events, such as killings, city council meetings and speeches by
 Advance or anticipated – News published before its occurrence, leading government officials, are timely and are reported almost
sometimes called dope or prognostication.  The reporter foretells events automatically by the media.
expected to occur at a definite time in the future.
 g. Soft news – events, such as a lunch to honor a retiring school custodian or a  HOW lead – Used when the manner, mode, means, or method of achieving the story
boy scouting jamboree are not usually considered immediately is the unnatural way.
important or timely to a wide audience.
5. Content 2. Grammatical beginning lead
a. Routine story – celebrations, enrollment, graduation, election stories reported             Some examples of these grammatical beginning leads are:  
year in and year out.  Prepositional phrase lead – The phrase is introduced by a preposition.
b. Police reports – accident, fire, calamity, crime stories, etc.  Infinitive phrase lead – It begins with the sign of the infinitive to plus the main verb.
c. Science news  Participial phrase lead – It is introduced by the present or past participle form of the
d. Developmental news verb
e. Sports stories
 Gerundial Phrase lead – It is introduced by a gerund (a verbal noun ending in ing)
 
 Clause lead – The lead begins with a clause which may either be independent or
6. Minor forms
subordinate; or may either be a noun or an adjectival or adverbial clause.
a. News brief – A short item of news interest, written like a brief telegraphic
 
message, giving mainly the result with details.
3. Novelty lead            
b. News bulletin – It is similar to the lead of a straight news story.  Its aim is
just to give the gist of the news.  Astonisher lead – Uses an interjection or an exclamatory sentence.
c. News-featurette – This is a short news feature usually used as filler, e.g.,  Contrast lead – Describes two extremes or opposites for emphasis.  The sharper
“Quirks in the news.” the contrast, the more effective the lead will be.
d. Flash – A bulletin that conveys the first word of an event.  Epigram lead – Opens by quoting a common expression, verse, or epigram, at least
familiar in the locality.
 Picture lead – Describes a person, a place, or an event, at the same time creating a
ACTIVITY: mental picture of the subject matter in the mind of the reader.
 Background lead – Similar to the picture lead except that it describes the setting
Cut a news article from a newspaper and clip it in a short bond paper. Reason out what makes which may be more prominent than the characters and the events.
the article newsworthy. (50 points)  Descriptive lead – Used when comparatively few descriptive words can vividly
formulate an imagery.
 Parody lead – Consists of a parody of a well-known song, poem, lines, etc.
 Punch lead – A short, forceful word or expression. 
Essay : If given the chance to serve the country as one of the journalists someday, what do you  One word lead – (self-explanatory)
think is/are your asset/s or quality/ies you can offer to better serve the mass and your  Quotation lead – Consists of the speaker’s direct words which are very striking and
countrymen? Write your answer on a short bondpaper. (50 points) which are usually quoted from a speech, a public address, or an interview.
 Question lead – An answer to a question which is the basis of the news story.
 This will be known Aug. 8 after the final screening to be held at the PNU Gym and
WRITING THE LEAD Performing Arts Center.
   
Kinds of Lead
 
EXERCISE:
1. Conventional or summary lead
Research further on the kinds of lead and tell what kind of lead is used in the
  This kind of lead used in straight news answers right away all or any of the 5 W’s and/or the following. Write your answer on a short bond paper.
H.  It may be one of the following:
 WHO lead – Used when the person involved is more prominent that what he does or 1. Supt. Maria Luisa Quiňones was the guest speaker during the investiture of boy scouts
what happens to him. held Jan. 15 at Carlos P. Garcia High School.
 WHAT lead – Used when the event or what took place is more important than the 2. They shall not win!
person involved in the story. This was announced by Roxas High School basketball coach Gerry Misajon when he
 WHERE lead – Used when the place is unique and no prominent person is involved. spoke to his team before they left for the games.
 WHEN lead – Rarely used as the reader presumes the story to be timely.  However, 3. He used to be a mechanic. Now he is a president of a college.
this lead is useful when speaking of deadlines, holidays, and important dates.
 WHY lead – Used when the reason is more prominent or unique than what happens.
4. Who do you think will be elected Miss High School? This, everyone wants to know as 1. Type-copy on standard-size copy paper, double or triple spaced to give room
Torres High School Day fast approaches. for the copy reader’s marks.
5. To upgrade the teaching of journalism, The torch bought 200 volumes of journalism 2. Write a one or two-word slugline in the upper left-hand corner to indicate the
books recently. subject of the story.
6. Dressed in caps and gowns, and with diplomas in their hands, the graduates sang their 3. Complete sentences and paragraphs on the same sheet of paper.
farewell song to their alma mater. 4. Avoid splitting words at the end of the line.
5. Write more at the end of every sheet , except the last one which should be
7. “ This year is indeed Roxas High School Year!”
marked # or 30. These marks, together with the slugline, should be encircled.
Thus spoke the principal as she received from DCS Supt. Maria Luisa Quiňones
the trophy won by the school in the National Weightlifting Tournament. VARIOUS TYPES OF NEWS STRUCTURE
8. There was food and fun galore! 1. Straight News Story- the summary lead answers the most important W’s
The student body of Recto High School held in excursion in La Mesa Dam last depending on which of the W’s is the most prominent among them while the body
Sunday. consists of the elaboration of the W’s and the H.
9. Having written the best essay on Animal week, Rosita Ytang of Laurel High School
received the DCS gold medal from Mayor Lito Atienza. SUMMARY LEAD
10. Water, water everywhere but not a drop to drink.
Various Types of News Structure  Elaboration of a W

11. Straight News Story

Elaboration of Another W
a. The summary lead answers the most important W’s depending on which of the
W’s is the most prominent among them.
b. The body consists of the elaboration of the W’s and the H. Elaboration of Another W
 
WRITING THE NEWS STORY
Further
The reporter should:

 Gather The data

 Study the data he has gathered
 Arrange or number the facts according to their importance
 Eliminate all the unnecessary details. 2. News-Feature Story  
 Dig out the lead facts and put the best W or W’s forward. The kind of lead he
News-feature should not be confused with feature articles (features) which are sometimes
should use depends upon the type of news he has to write.
called special features and printed in the features sections of the newspapers or in
 Finally, he writes the body or text of the story. In doing this, he should: magazines.
1. Write the story right away.  
2. Play up the dominant points. Human interest and news-feature stories are classified as news since both are gathered
3. Be accurate and truthful and written daily by reporters as their regular assignments.  Furthermore, both emphasize
4. Avoid editorializing and writing libelous materials. the element of timeliness or immediacy which distinguishes news from other types of
5. Give the source( attribution) of the news. reading, although they differ in important respects from the straight news story.
6. Write the names in full when these are mentioned for the first time.  
7. Identify the names mentioned. a. The single-feature story – A single-feature or one incident story such as an
8. watch out for errors of fact and grammar. account of a speech, an interview, or an election, deals with an isolated event.
9. Observe the guidelines of clear and effective writing.  
10. Adopt a paper stylesheet for consistency. In writing a news-feature story with this kind of structure, include the one-feature
in the lead.  Add in the body details which clarify and explain the lead.
In preparing his copy, the young writer may follow these suggestions:  
See that the story breaks logically at every paragraph and that the story may be
cut or lengthened as space dictates.
  
b. The several-feature, multiple-angle or composite story – In a composite Inverted –Pyramid Style – traditional news writing form in which the key points of a story are put
story, two or more divergent aspects of a news topic are drawn together for the in the opening paragraph and the news is stacked in the following paragraphs in order of
sake of space and coherence.  In structure, the composite story may resemble descending importance.
that of a follow-up story in that both of them aim to consolidate component pars.  
However, they differ in the sense that the follow-up story ends in a tie-in with a
past story; whereas, the composite story is composed of units, each one made
up of fresh spot news frequently with reference to the future.

In writing the several-feature or composite story, include all of the feature in a Outline of a Spot News Story
comprehensive lead in the order of their importance.
  Spot news stories – also called breaking news stories – usually follow a standard
The next step is to explain and elaborate in the body each of the features in the formula for writing called the inverted pyramid.
order in which they are in the lead.  In doing this, relegate less important details
of each feature to less important positions.  But remember that each chain of 1. Lead (1-2) paragraphs
facts although covered separately should be handled as a single, unified story.
 Sums up the focus of the story.
 
 Orients readers by telling them something surprising; entices them to
c. Fact Story
continue reading for more details.
This is a plain exposition of a simple situation or of a series of closely related events which
conform to the inverted pyramid design more closely than any other kind of news.   The  Answers Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?
component parts are the series of facts that may be likened to rectangles of diminishing
length arranged one after the other in order of their importance. 2. Impact (1 paragraph) (Answers: How will this affect the reader?)
  3. Reaction and response (1 paragraph)
d. Action Story 4. Cosmic quote that sums up story’s focus (1 paragraph)
This is a narrative involving not merely simple facts, but dramatic actions – incidents, 5. Background (1 paragraph)
description of persons, perhaps testimonies of witnesses, as well as explanatory data. 6. Explication of lead, including facts, quotes, anecdotes, and other evidence that
  support the story’s focus.
In writing this kind of story, first write a summarizing lead in any appropriate form.   Relate A sidebar to a story explores an idea that, while interesting, fails to fit into the main story
the most important details in narrative or chronological form.  Tell the story again, giving because it remains tangential to the focus. Sidebars engage readers by giving more
more details.  But be careful not to begin the chronological order just after the beginning.   information if they want it, helping to draw them into the issues of the main story.
Give sufficient attention to the elaboration of important information, background and
interpretation.  Each unit must be closely interlocked. Hourglass Style – a style of writing in which the major news of a story is reported in the first few
    paragraphs and then a transitional paragraph introduces a chronology of the events of the story.
e. Speech report, quote, and interview stories
The arrangement of a speech reports, a quote story, and of an interview are to a great
extent similar.
 
The quote story may be charted as alternating large and small rectangles of diminishing
sizes:  summary, quote, summary, quote, summary arrangement.  The quotations may be
direct, indirect, or a combination of both.
 
In writing this kind of story, the following suggestions may be helpful: 1) Write a
summarizing lead in any appropriate form, 2) Write the body of the story in a summary-
quote-summary arrangement.
 
The lead may be a summarizing statement – the gist of the speech, statement, letter, or MICRO-ORGANIZATION
interview; or it may be the most important quotation in the story written as a direct quote. 1. Each sentence should contain one central idea.
  2. Each sentence should lead logically to the next.
Organizing News Stories
 3. When necessary, transitions should ease the reader from one issue to the next and
connect the main issues of your story. The party will be held at the University gym, Friday, 3 pm, Sept. 16.
4. The top of your story should include the essential information needed to inform the
reader of the news and, if necessary, should have a background paragraph, a news Announcement of the activity was given by Prof. Mario Santos, Club adviser.
hook and a cosmic quote.
5. Put attributions at the end of a sentence, unless who’s saying it is more important The Faculty- Staff Rondalla will provide music during the party.
than what’s being said.
The Junior Community Theater will present a chamber theater, “ Why Women Wash the
News hook: “With only one month to go before the first votes are cast in the Student Dishes.”
Government Executive Body elections”
Renato Mendoza and Liza Guevarra will render a couple of songs.
Nut graph: “Never before have so many political parties contended so avidly for the votes
of the silent majority which definitely will decide the outcome of the elections.” Prizes will be given to the winners in the parlor games.

Background: “Largely ignored in the past, the silent majority have become the focus of
government platforms of the contending parties, the identified audience in the
campaigns.”

Cosmic Quote: “This is the first time in the local executive body election since the 1980s
that four political parties try to mobilize the majority to end their silence and finally speak Note:
up,” said Maritess Gomez, secretary general of the Sprite-7up Party Coalition.
Compile and fasten all your outputs on this module in a short folder having the following
But Ms. Gomez, who is confident her party will win the elections, said details on the front page: (individual names on each answer sheet is no longer
she saw no cause of alarm in this. While the silent majority “have not been mobilized in necessary)
the past,” she said, “their silence has been our inspiration to speak up and stand for
them.”
Name of School
Depth News School Address

Depth news is a king of news-feature that contains, aside from the essential facts attendant to a
news story, background, interpretation, and analyses.
 
It is not a news story in the traditional sense since it is not based on a timely event that answers Outputs in EES 113 (Campus Journalism)
the 5 W’s and the H.  However, the emphasis is on the elaboration of one W, the why. PRELIM
 
A depth report should be distinguished from depth treatment.   The former is the result of
investigative reporting, which, as had been explained, is reporting in depth to present information
on a topic beyond surface facts and interpretative reporting which is reporting the meaning or the
possible meaning of those facts.
  Submitted by:

WRITING ACTIVITY:
_____________(Name)___________________
On a short bond paper, write a fact story based on the following details: Address___________________
Contact Info._________________

The student council will sponsor an acquaintance party.

The purpose of the affair is to welcome the new students of Philippine Normal University.
Submitted to:

____________________________