An event becomes a
disaster when all of its delegates including nearby residents and even
environments are in danger and will later results in tragedies claiming lives
and health of victims. As a result, this
event will caught the attention of national authorities and will then
investigated how and when that particular event becomes a disaster.
This may happen because
of poor planning, lax attitude of organizers and poor coordination with governing
authorities in the area. Also a factor
is the complacent attitude of event goers and delegates themselves with a
common thinking that the event is safe and free from imminent disaster. This is a big NO, NO today as situation is
getting worse today than ever.
Disasters are emergencies that cannot be handled by those affected without outside assistance.
They are caused by natural or manmade events wherein communities experience severe danger and
incur loss of lives and properties causing disruption to their social structure and to all or some of the
affected communities’ essential functions. Disasters are inevitable. They are caused by unsustainable
development that has not taken account of possible hazard impacts in that location. They can be less
damaging if the population has better understanding of locally-experienced hazards and implements
preventive or mitigating measures against them.
Overview of Disaster Risk Management
In disaster risk management a whole range of elements need attention depending on the nature of
the hazards in that location. These include:
• Risk Reduction. Vulnerability and hazards are not dangerous if taken separately. They become risk
and disaster factors when they unite. Risks can be reduced or managed, and measures can be
employed to ensure that hazards will not result in disasters if people reduce the weaknesses and
vulnerabilities to existing hazards in the location.
• Risk management is needed for disaster prevention to ensure sustainable development so that
people can lead a good, healthy, and happy life without creating damage to the environment.
Risk management includes identifying health and safety hazards, determining probability of their
occurrences, estimating their potential impacts to the schools and the communities at risk,
enumerating and implementing the following risk reduction measures: hazard mapping; vulnerability
analysis; potential losses estimation; and strategic disaster prevention / mitigation development.
Essential Components in Determining Risk
The following are essential components in the determination of risk, each of which should be
separately quantifi ed:
• Hazard occurrence probability is the likelihood of experiencing a natural or technological hazard at a
given location or region. Quantifying hazard probability involves assessing not only the probability of
occurrence but the probability of magnitude.
• Elements at risk. Identifying and making an inventory of people or school buildings or other
elements which would be affected by the hazard if it occurs, and when required, estimating their
economic value.
• Vulnerability of the elements at risk. How affected the school buildings or school children or other
elements would be if they were to experience some levels of hazard impact. Vulnerability is the
relationship between the severity of hazard impact and the degree of damaged caused. Each
element is affected differently by hazards of different severity
A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society and
causes human, material, and economic or environmental losses that exceed the community’s or society’s
ability to cope using its own resources. Though often caused by nature, disasters can have human origins.
(VULNERABILITY+ HAZARD ) / CAPACITY = DISASTER
A disaster occurs when a hazard impacts on vulnerable people.
The combination of hazards, vulnerability and inability to reduce the potential negative consequences of risk
results in disaster.
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